現職敎師와 敎員養成所 受講生의 敎職態度에 關한 比較硏究

金學守,李熙道 慶北大學校 師範大學 1971 敎育硏究誌 Vol.13 No.-

Teachers' attitudes about the teaching profession, their personalities, and their teaching behaviors influence their students. This study was undertaken to investigate how teachers and the attendants at teachers training courses (ATC) differed in the attitudes about the teaching profession; Why did they enter the teaching profession, or why did they choose the teaching profession? How do they think of receiving the honor due to their profession? How much do they satisfy with the teaching profession? How long will they remain in the teaching profession? How do they think of the teachers training course? and How do they think of the ideal teacher's personality? The subjects were 385 elementary school teachers, 304 secondary school teachers, 350 attendants at teachers training courses for elementary school (ATCE), and 270 attendants for secondary school. (ATCS). The main findings of present study were as follows: 1. The main differences in the reasons why to choose the teaching profession between school teachers and ATC are that the elementary school teachers emphasize the value of esteem, while ATCE emphasize the value of social service. And ATCS emphasize the value of time to spare, whereas the secondary school teachers do not. 2. The teachers perceive they do not receive the honor due to their profession both socially and economically, whereas ATC ththink teachers are treated well. But the teachers and ATC agree that teachers are treated well from their students. 3. The teachers are unsatisfying with their teaching profession and few teachers are satisfying, while ATCS are very much satisfying to choose the teaching profession. In accordance with the above results, many teachers want to leave their teaching professsion more than ATC. 4. Both the teachers and ATC think that teachers must receive regular teachers training courses as well as educational practices. 5. The elementary school teachers think of the ideal teacher as more flexible and extraverted than ATCE, whereas ATCE as more pleasant, intelligent, cheerful than the teachers. The secondary school teachers think of the ideal teacher as more rigid, intelligent and aggressive than ATCS. 6. While the teachers would much more emphasize patriotic as the ideal teacher's characteristics, both ATCE and ATCS almost ignore it.

도시 개발에 따른 기상장 변동의 3차원 수치해석에 관한 연구

이희철,이범주,이도훈,이은태 경희대학교 산학협력기술연구원 1999 산학협력기술연구논문집 Vol.5 No.-

성인에서 Haemophilus influenzae 감염증의 임상양상과 미생물학적 특성

이종섭,황병연,정희진,김우주,박승철,이도현,이창규,신종희,황규잠,이영희 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.2

목적 : H. influenzae는 성인에서 흔히 호흡기 감염을 일으키는 균주로, 최근 ampicillin 내성 β-lactamase 생성 균주들이 지속적인 증가를 보이고 있어, 이에 국내 성인에서 H. influenzae에 의한 감염의 임상양상과 분리된 균주들의 미생물학적 특성을 조사하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1998년 3월부터 1999년 9월까지 고려대 구로병원에 내원한 환자중에서 H. influenzae가 분리된 68명을 대상으로 임상양상을 조사하고 항균제 감수성 검사를 시행하였다. 분리된 33주에 대해서 혈청형, 생물형, 세포외막 단백분석을 시행하였고, β-lactamase 생성여부에 따른 감염 환자군간 임상상 및 예후의 차이를 비교하였다. 결과 : 환자의 평균연령은 68세였고, 지역사회 획득감염이 전체의 85%를 차지하였다. 폐렴과 기관지염과 같은 하기도 감염이 전체환자의 75%를 차지하였고 분리 검체 역시 객담이 84%로 가장 많았다. 환자의 71%가 기저질환을 가지고 있었으며, 그 중에 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환, 심혈관 질환, 악성종양, 당뇨병이 대부분이었다. 혈청형으로는 nontypeable 형이 68%로 가장 많았고 b형은 한 예도 없었다. β-lactamase 생성율은 63.2%였고, β-lactamase 양성균주의 항균제 내성율이 음성균주에 비하여 높았으나 β-lactamase 생성 여부에 관계없이 cefotaxime, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin에 대하여 100%의 감수성을 나타내었고 cefaclor, cefuroxime에 대해서는 10% 이하의 낮은 내성율을 보여 이들 항균제들이 치료에 효과적일 것으로 사료된다. 세포외막 단백분석에서는 C형과 D형이 전체의 64%로 가장 많았으며, 혈청형과의 유의한 연관성은 보이지 않았다. 결론 : 성인에서 H. influenzae는 주로 만성 기저질환자에서 급성 호흡기감염 또는 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환의 급성 악화를 유발한다. 기존의 보고에 비해 β-lactamase 양성율이 증가하였고, 이에 따른 항균제 내성율도 증가하여 항균제의 선택에 유의하여야 할 것으로 생각된다. 세포외막 단백분석상 특정한 유형의 균주에 의해 감염이 집중적으로 발생하고 있어 향후 역학 조사의 도구로 이용할 수 있겠다. Purpose : H. influenzae is one of the common causative microorganisms of respiratory tract infections in adults. Recently. β-lactamase producing, ampicillin-resistant H. infiuenzae has become worldwide problem as well as in Korea. We studied to investigate the clinical features and microbiologic characteristics of H. infiuenzae infections in adults. Materials & Methods : From March 1998 to September 1999, 68 patients were enrolled in this study. Clinical features of H. infiuenzae infections were investigated, 68 isolates were subjected to the β-lactamase test, and 33 isolates were used for serotyping. biotyping, antibiotic susceptibility and outer membrane protein (OMP) analysis. Results : Mean age of study patients was 68 years-old and the acquisition rate in community was 85%. Pneumonia and bronchitis were the most common type of infection such as 80%, sputum was the most common clinical specimen for H. mQuenzae isolation. 70% of patients had chronic underlying diseases. Non-typeable strains were 68% and β-lactamase producing rate was 63%. There was no difference in the clinical features and prognosis of H. influenzae infection between the β-lactamase positivie and -negative groups. The susceptibility of cefotaxime, azithromycin, and ciprofloxacin was 100% and that of cefaclor, cefuroxime was under 10% in spite of β-lactamase positivity. In OMP analysis, C and D types were dominant (64%). Conclusion : H. influenzae caused acute respiratory infections in adults with chronic underlying disorders. This study shows higher β-lactamase producing rate and antibiotic-resistance rate than that were reported previously. OMP analysis shows that two major types of strains cause clinical infections intensively.

Algal bioassay 에 의한 조류생장 제한영양염류 결정

오희목(Hee Mock Oh),이석준(Seog June Lee),김성빈(Seong Bin Kim),박미경(Mi Kyung Park),윤병대(Byung Dae Yoon),김도한(Do Han Kim) 한국하천호수학회 1998 생태와 환경 Vol.31 No.2

Determination of Limiting Nutrient for Algal Growth by Algal Bioassay. Oh, Hee-Mock, Seog June Lee, Seong-Bin Kim, Mi- Kyung Park, Byung-Dae Yoon and Do-Han Kim (Environmental Microbiology Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Taejon 305-333, Korea and Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, Taejon 305-390, Korea) Water quaiity and algal growth potential (AGP) using Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated from April to September 1997 in Daechung Reservoir. Secchi disk transparency was 1.1 m in August. Chlorophyll-a concentrations were higher than 10㎍/l at all samples. Total phosphorus concentration was in a range of 0.020∼0.027mg/l which is at the approximate value of 0.03 mg/l, the general critical level of eutrophication. These results indicate that Daechung Reservoir is in an eutrophic state except some temporary times and restricted sites. Phosphorus uptake rate of M. aeruginosa was higher in the water from the epilimnion than in the hypolimnion and also higher under light condition than under dark condition. Therefore, phosphorus uptake rate appears to depend on cellular phosphorous content and light condition, a meaning of endergonic process. Phosphorus was the most frequently limiting nutrient: phosphorus was limiting algal gowth in April and May, nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements were the limiting factors for algae in August, and trace elements in September. If a fast growing alga, M, aeruginosa, is used as a test organism for assaying AGP, in vivo fluorescence instead of dry weight can be measured for algal biomass and incubation period can be reduced from traditional 14 days to 7 days.

소형민수헬기 능동진동제어시스템 개발

김남조(Nam-Jo Kim),곽동일(Dong-Il Kwak),강우람(Woo-Ram Kang),황유상(Yoo-Sang Hwang),김도형(Do-Hyung Kim),김찬동(Chan-Dong Kim),이기진(Ki-Jin Lee),소희섭(Hee-Soup So) 한국항공우주학회 2022 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.50 No.3

헬기의 능동진동제어시스템(AVCS)은 주로터로부터 발생되는 진동을 제어하며, 수동형 진동저감장치 대비 저중량으로 우수한 진동저감 성능을 발휘한다. 본 논문에서는 FxLMS 알고리즘을 기반으로 타코미터 및 가속도 센서 신호를 통해 연산된 제어명령을 하중발생기(CFG)로 전달하여 소형 민수헬기의 진동을 제어하는 소프트웨어 개발 및 검증 내용을 제시하였다. DO-178C /DO-331 표준에 따라 모델 기반 설계 기법을 통해 진동제어 소프트웨어를 개발하였으며, PILS 및 HILS 환경에서 실시간 작동 성능을 평가하였다. 특히, PILS 환경에서는 LDRA 기반 검증 커버리지를 통해 소프트웨어의 신뢰성을 향상시켰다. AVCS를 소형민수헬기에 적용하기 위해 지상/비행시험을 통해 대상 헬기 동적응답특성 모델을 획득하였다. 이를 기반으로 시스템 최적화 분석 및 비행시험을 통해 최적 성능을 발휘하는 AVCS 형상을 결정하고, STC 인증을 획득하였다. Active vibration control system(AVCS) for helicopter enables to control the vibration generated from the main rotor and has the superb vibration reduction performance with low weight compared passive vibration reduction device. In this paper, FxLMS algorithm-based vibration control software of the light civil helicopter tansmits the control command calculated using the signals of the tachometer and accelerometers to the circular force generator(CFG) is developed and verified. According to the RTCA DO-178C/DO-331, the vibration control software is developed through the model based design technique, and real-time operation performance is evaluated in PILS(processor in-the loop simulation) and HILS(hardware in-the loop simulation) environments. In particular, the reliability of the software is improved through the LDRA-based verification coverage in the PIL environments. In order to AVCS to light civil helicopter(LCH), the dynamic response characteristic model is obtained through the ground/flight tests. AVCS configuration which exhibits the optimal performance is determined using system optimization analysis and flight test and obtain STC certification.

한국의 영어교육에 관한 역사적 고찰과 전개방향에 관한 연구

이복희,여도수 공주영상정보대학 2001 논문집 Vol.8 No.-

우리나라의 초기 영어교육 동기는 외국과 조약을 체결해야 하는데 역관이 필요했다는 점에 착안한 역관양성이란 실용적인 이유 때문이었다. 이렇게 시작된 영어교육은 관에서 주도하는 관 주도형과 미국 선교사들이 주도하는 선교사 주도형 등 두 갈래로 발전했다. 관 주도형 영어교육은 정치적인 변화와 소용돌이가 너무 극심했다는 점, 근대식 학교에 대한 경험부족, 입학자격의 제한, 학생과 주도 관청 모두 공히 역관양성이란 실용적 목표에만 치중했던 점 등등의 이유로 그다지 오래가지 못하고 학교자체가 영속성을 지니지 못 했다. 반면에 선교사 주도형 학교들은 입학자격의 개방화로 근대식 학교를 운영할 줄 아는 서양인들이 종교적 회생정신에 바탕을 두고 꾸준히 발전하여 한국근대 영어교육 토대를 마련할 수 있었다. 관 주도형이나 선교사 주도형이나 공히 Native speaker에 의한 직접식 교수법을 중심으로 교육이 이루어졌다. 이 때부터 현재까지 영어교육이 지속적으로 중단 없이 발전해 왔다면 우리 영어교육은 상당한 수준에 도달했겠지만, 영어교육 태동기를 겨우 넘긴 상태에서 조선은 일제 식민지가 되었고, 일본은 영어를 허용하지 않은 것은 물론 한국어마저 허용치 않고 일본어만 강요했던 것이다. 이렇게 해서 영어교육은 한국어와 마찬가지로 암흑기에 빠지면서 초기 영어교육은 계속성을 잃고 중단되고 말았다. 1945년 광복과 함께 일본이 물러가고 미군이 한국에 들어온 후부터 중단되었던 영어교육이 재개되었으며, 미국의 원조로 교과서를 출판하기도 했다. 광복이후 한국 영어교육 변천은 1차 교육개정에서 출발하여 현재 7차 교육과정에까지 이르렀다. 이를 살펴보면 대체로 문법교육에서 회화중심 교육으로 바뀌어가고 있음을 알 수 있다. 가장 보편적으로 쓰인 교수방법은 80년대 초반까지도 구태의연한 문법·번역식 이였으며 1987년 개정된 5차 교육과정에서 비로소 의사소통능력 개발을 강조하는 방향으로 교육목표가 바뀌었다. 1992년에 다시 개정된 6차 교육과정에서는 학생중심의 교육, 의사소통능력의 배양을 중시하는 교육이 반영되는 등 그 지도목표 및 방법이 구체적으로 설정되게 되었다. 그리고 2001년부터 중·고등학교에 단계별로 실행될 7차 교육과정에서 고등학교 영어 선택교과는 학교선택이 아닌 학생선택이 되도록 하여 학생이 필요로 하는 과목을 선택하여 집중적으로 학습할 수 있도록 하였다. 그래서 더욱 학생중심의 교육을 확고히 하고자 한 듯하다. 이렇게 한국 영어교육이 발전적이고 체계적인 교육개정이 이루어져 왔음에도 불구하고 크게 효과를 보지 못한 것은, 과밀학급, 대입시험을 위한 입시경쟁, 교육시설의 부족 등과 같은 많은 제약점이 있기 때문이다. 앞으로 세계적인 인재교육을 위한 우리의 실정에 맞는 영어교수·학습이론을 발전시키기 위해서 장기적인 계획과 다양한 연구가 필요하다고 하겠다.

폴리머콘크리트 제조 방법

이민수,정홍석,임성팔,안도희,김광락,이성호,백승우,민병윤 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.2

In this paper, the foaming method of polymer concrete was studied. The pre-composition of polymer concrete consisted of unsaturated polyester as a binder material 15∼50wt%, sand 0∼80 wt%, filler 5-50 wt%, and foaming agent 0.1∼1.5 wt%. The pre-composition was heated at 100∼200℃ for 30∼120 minutes, which thermal treatment caused hardening of unsaturated polyester and cracking of foaming agent. The foamed polymer concrete showed low thermal transfer coefficent together with good mechanical properties.

토당귀 종자의 형태적 특성과 발아와 입모율에 대한 저장방법,생장조절제 및 프라이밍 처리 효과

안희정,안복주,·김도현,·안영섭,·김영국,박춘근,이상원,·박충범·차선우,·송범헌, 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.1

This study was conducted to have basic and applied informations to establish the cultivation method and to improve the cultivation techniques of Angelica gigas Nakai through investigating the rates of germination and seedling establishment with treatment of plant growth regulator and seed priming. The germination rates of round shape seed were about 0.3~12% higher than those of parallel shape. The germination rates with different storage durations were increased at the level of 25oC and 4oC with the storage days, while they were clearly higher at -20oC compared to those at 4oC and 25oC without the storage durations. With the results of germination rates with treating of plant growth regulator and seed priming, their rates with the round shape seeds were comparatively higher about 6% than those with parallel shape seed and they were increased with increasing of the storage durations. The germination rates were generally appeared higher with GA3 than did those with seed priming. The highest germination rate was appeared at 50 ppm GA3 of plant growth regulator and at -0.5 MPa PEG6000 of seed priming. The germination rates?ㅤ ?ㅤ of Angelica gigas were different with different temperature, storage durations and the treatments of plant growth regulator and seed priming. These results could be used according to different cultivating conditions.

Polygonatum sibiricum Redoute의 生藥學的 硏究

李容柱,元道喜 成均館大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

Polygonatum sibiricum Redoute is an important crude drug administering as “Hwang chung” of genuine article originally in china and at the present time, they are growing in the central region of Korea. From the ancient time, they were used as an invigorant for the thursty, weakness of the physical condition etc and were recorded in the “Myunguibyul Rok.” Silicagel column chromatography was performed by extracting with ether alcohol. The various following compoents were isolated. 1. Substance I was confirmed as tetradecanoic acid (myristic acid) C_14 H_23 O_2 by NMR and IR spectroscopy. In Polygonatum spp., this component was isolated in a first stage. 2. Substance Ⅱ was identified as hecogenin C_27H_42O_4 by IR and NMR specta of its acetate. 3. Substance Ⅲ was suggested as fatty acid based on spectral discussions. 4. substance Ⅳ was confirmed as galacturonic acid C_6H_10O_7 by Mass and IR spectroscopy. Sterol was identifed as β-sitosterol, stigmasterol by CLC. 5. In particular, in the ether extract, the lowering action of blood sugar was significant and the compoents of its original substance should be studied further.

MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂계 요업원료(Mullite,Spinel,Cordierite)의 제조 및 소결특성 : Ⅲ. 알콕사이드 졸-겔법에 의한 코디어라이트 미분말의 합성 Ⅲ.Preparation of Cordierite Fine Powder by an Alkoxide Sol-Gel Process

이홍림,김세기,이온영,정원도,김창은,이희수 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1989 논문집 Vol.21 No.1

The gel powder of cordierite composition was prepared from Mg(NO₃)₂6H₂O, Al[ OCHCH₂(CH₃)₂] ₃ and Si(OC ₂??)₄ as sources of Mg, Al and Si-components, using isopropyl alcohol al a solvent and NH₄OH as a catalyst. Due to the difference of hydrolysis rates between Si(OC₂??)₄ and Al[ OCHCH₂(CH₃)₂]₃, the small amount of spinel was formed besides the main phase, cordierite, after clacining. At 900 ℃, μ-cordierite, the low temperature metastable form, was appeared but transformed to α-phase, the high stable form, when calcined at 1100 ℃ for 2h. The specific surface area and mean particle size of powder calcined at 600 ℃ for 2h were 62m²/g and 0.552μm, respectively. However, when acetylacetone was added to Al [OCHCH₂(CH₃)₂]₃ as a stabilizer, the transformation temperature was lowered about 80 ℃. The powder calcined at 600℃ was more porous than the former, resulting the specific surface area and mean particle size of the power to be 236 m²/g and 0.724μ m, respectively.