마이크로프로쎄서를 利用한 直流分捲發電機의 無負荷特性 測程에 關한 硏究

李興浩,盧泰天 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1981 論文集 Vol.4 No.2

This paper provides experimental results, obtained by using a microprocessor kit, from the no-load characteristics of the dc shunt generator. Although there are some errors in the experimental resuls because of limitations of A/D converter, it is considered that this study will be useful for the characteristic measurements of electric machines.

칠절봉 신갈나무(Quercus mongolica)림의 군락구조와 토양환경

이호준,배병호,전영문,정흥락,홍문표,김용옥,길지현 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 1998 理學論集 Vol.23 No.-

칠절봉 신갈나무림의 군락구조와 토양환경과의 관계를 파악하기 위해 식물사회학적 조사와 토양 환경을 분석하였다. 조사지역의 신갈나무림은 신갈나무군락, 철쭉꽃하위군, 큰개별꽃하위군으로 구분되었으며, 철쭉꽃하위군과 큰개별꽃하위군에서의 방형구당 평균출현종수는 각각 30종(24∼46종), 43종(31∼52종) 이었다. 피복지수치에 의한 계층별 우점순위는 교목층에서 신갈나무(6750.0), 아교목층에서 당단풍(2364.0) 관목층에서 철쭉꽃(988.5), 초본층에서 쌀새(1040.5)가 가장 높게 나타났다. 신갈 나무림의 DBH 분포는 2∼10㎝ 범위의 소경목이 전체의 29.7%를 차지하였으며 전체적으로 정규분포를 나타내어 교란 후 재생과정에 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 후계목의 발달로 인한 극상상태로의 천이가 가능할 것으로 조사되었다. 전반적인 토양환경은 두 하위군 간에 뚜렷한 차이가 없었으며, 큰개별꽃하위군이 철쭉꽃하위군에 비하여 다소 양호한 것으로 조사되었다. 환경구배분석에서 까치박달, 물푸레나무, 함박꽃나무 등은 습한 곳에 분포하고 철쭉꽃, 전나무, 국수나무 등은 건조한 곳에 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. A relationship between the community structure composition and soil environmental factors of the Quercus mongolica forest on Mt. Chiljelbong was investigated from June 1996 to August 1997. The Q. mongolica community was classified into two subcommunity of Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Pseudostellaria palibiniana. The 30(24-46) species per quadrat were appeared in R. schlippenbachii subcommunity and 43(31-52)species in P. palibiniana subcommunity. The dominant sequences on each stratum determined by the coverage index showed that Q. mongolica was the most dominant in tree-1 layer with 6750.0, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum in tree-2 layer with 2364.0, R. schlippenbachii in shrub layer with 988.5, and Melica onoei in herb layer with 1040.5 value. The value of diameter breast height(DBH) showed a normal distribution displaying a highest value in the range of 2∼10㎝(29.7%) in Q. mongolica forest and it was investigated being at restoration phase after disturbance. It also was investigated that the succession to climax state would be possible due to growth of successive tree. Overall, which the soil conditions make little difference between two subcommunities, P. palibiniana subcommunity was favorable than those of R. schlippenbachii subcommunity. It was shown that in an environmental gradient analysis, Carpinus cordata, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, and Magnolia sieboldii were distributed in a mesic area, but R. schlippenbachii, Abies holophylla, and Stepanandra incisa in a xeric area.

월성원자력발전소 주변의 삼림식생 분석

이호준,김인택,정흥락,전영문,윤영진,임웅규 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 1996 理學論集 Vol.21 No.-

월성원자력발전소 주변의 삼림식생을 분석하기 위하여 1994년 4월부터 1994년 10월까지 식물사회학적 조사를 실시하였다. 또한 상관에 의해 현존식생도 및 녹지자연도를 작성하였으며, 순 1차 생산력과 식물현존량도 추정하였다. 군집조성표에 의한 삼림군락은 소나무군락, 곰솔군락, 굴참나무군락, 상수리 나무군락의 4군락으로 구분되었다. 각 군락의 주요 구성종으로는 소나무군락에서 소나무, 졸참나무, 털진달래, 맑은대쑥, 산거울, 곰솔군락에서 곰솔, 소나무, 진달래, 청미래덩굴, 굴참나무군락에서 굴참나무, 조록싸리, 큰기름새, 맑은대쑥, 댕댕이덩굴, 상수리나무군락에서 상수리나무, 갈참나무, 큼기름새, 그늘사초, 맑은대쑥 등이다. 현존식생도에 의한 삼림군락의 분포율은 곰솔군락이 40.3%로 가장 높고, 녹지자연도는 7등급이 60.0%로 가장 넓은 분포율을 보였다. 삼림토양의 pH는 4.45∼5.32, 유기물함량은 5.61∼6.34%의 범위로 나타났다. Montreal model에 의한 순 1차 생산력은 1,555.2g/㎡/yr, 식물현존량은 14,963.32ton/㎢로 추정되었다 The forest vegetation, estimation of phytomass and net primary production on the vicinity of Wolsong Atomic Power Plant were analyzed on the basis of the phytosociological data. And depending on physiognomy, actual vegetation map and the degree of green naturality(DGN) was drawn in 1:50,000 scale. According to Z-M method, the forest vegetation was classified into 4 communities; A. Pinus densiflora community, B. Pinus thunbergii community, C. Quercus variabilis community, D. Quercus acutissima community. Generally, Pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis, in tree-1 layer, Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, in tree-2 layer, Rhodedendron mucronulatum, Quercus serrate, in shrub layer, Artemisia keiskeana, Carex humilis, in herb layer, showed high coverage index. The pH and contents of organic matter of the forest soil collected in each sites were shown range of 4.45 to 5.32 and 5.61% to 6.34% in mean of communities respectively. The distribution rate in actual vegetation map were the highest in Pinus thunbergii community. The average DGN showed to 5.1. Net primary production and phytomass per unit area which estimated by Montreal model were assumed in 1,555.2g/㎡/yr, 14,963.32ton/㎢, respectively.

영광원자력발전소 주변의 식생과 식물현존량 추정

이호준,양효식,전영문,정흥락,강재구,방제용 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 1996 理學論集 Vol.21 No.-

영광원자력발전소 주변의 식생에 대한 식물사회학적 조사를 실시하였으며, 순 1차 생산량과 식물현존량을 추정하였다. 또한 상관에 의해 현존식생도 및 녹지자연도를 작성하였다(1:50,000). Z-M 방식에 의한 삼림식생은 소나무군락과 곰솔군락으로 구분되었다. 전체적으로 교목층에 소나무와 곰솔, 아교목층에 졸참나무와 곰솔, 관목층에 털진달래와 신갈나무, 초본층에 털대사초와 그늘사초 등의 피복지수가 우세하게 나타났다. 토양의 pH는 4.65∼4.67, 유기물 함량은 7.28∼7.53%의 범위였다. 현존식생도에 의한 분포비율은 경작지(67%), 소나무(21.9%) 및 곰솔군락(9.1%)의 순으로 나타났으며, 녹지자연도는 등급 2가 67%(경작지), 7등급(이차림(A))과 6등급(조림지)이 각각 29.2%와 1.8%로 나타났다. Montreal model에의한 소나무림과 곰솔림의 식물현존량은 657,817.2와 177,367.0ton으로 각각 산정되었다. The forest vegetation and estimation of phytomass and net primary production in the vicinity of Yonggwang Atomic Power Plant were analyzed on the basis of the phytosociological data. Depending on physiognomy, the actual vegetation map and the degree of green naturality(DGN) were also drawn in the scale of 1:50,000. According to Z-M method, the forest vegetation was classified into two communities; Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii communities. It was generally shown that Pinus densiflora and Pirus thunbergii in tree-1 layer, Quercus serrata and Pinus thunbergii in tree-2 layer, Rhododendron mucronulatum var. ciliatum and Quercus serrata in shrub layer, and Carex ciliato-marginata and Carex lanceolata in herb layer had high coverage index. The pHs and contents of organic matter of the forest soils collected in each sites were in the 4.64 to 4.67 and 7.28% to 7.53% in average, respectively. The distribution area of each vegetationindex. The pHs and contents of organic matter of the forest soils collected in each sites were in the 4.64 to 4.67 and 7.28% to 7.53% in average, respectively. The distribution area of each vegetation type in the actual vegetation map was 67% cultivated land, 21.9% in Pinus densiflora community and 9.1% in pinus thunbergii community. The distribution of the degree of green naturality(DGN) was 67% in the second-grade (cultivated land), 29.2% in 7th grade (second forest(A)) and 1.8% in 6th grade (plantation). It was estimated that phytomass of Pinus densiflora and Pinus thunbergii in the study sites, which was calculated by Montreal model, was 657,817.2 and 177,367.0 ton, respectively.

분편 인플루엔자백신(split influenza vaccine)의 임상효과 및 면역원성에 관한 연구

우흥정,김동림,정희진,천병철,이주연,안정배,김지희,박찬,신영규,김우주,김민자,박승철 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.1

목적 : 아단위 인플루엔자 백신 접종 후 백신의 인플루엔자 예방효과, 인플루엔자 방어 항체형성, 인플루엔자 백신의 안전성을 조사하고자 하였다. 방법 : 총 571명을 대상으로 인플루엔자 백신 접종을 하였고, 이들 접종자에서 인플루엔자 양질환의 이환을 조사하여 인플루엔자 백신의 인플루엔자예방효과를 알아보았고, 백신의 접종 전 및 접종 4주 후 혈청에서 혈구응집억제물(Hemagglutination Inhibition : HAI) 항체 검사를 실시하여 백신의 방어항체생성을 조사하였고, 백신의 안전성을 알아보기 위해 백신접종 후 1주일 이내의 부작용을 조사하였다. 결과 :백신 접종군과 백신 비접종군에서 인플루엔자 양 질환의 이환을 조사한 결과 접종군 28.35%, 비접종군 35.88%으로 나왔으며, p 값이 0.001로 통계적으로 접종군에서 유의하게 낮았고, 인플루엔자 양 질환의 예방 효과는 20.97%를 보였다. 백신의 방어항체 형성의 평가를 위해 유럽의 인플루엔자 백신 허가 기준을 조사하였는데 B/Guangdong/5/94균주의 백신접종 후 항체가 40이상의 비율을 제외한 다른 기준은 모두 만족 시켰다. 부작용은 전체 조사자 521명중 149명(29%)으로 주로 접종 부위의 국소 부작용을 호소했고, 전신 부작용은 2% 내외였으며 특별히 심각한 부작용은 발견되지 않았다. 결론 : 분편 인플루엔자 백신은 인플루엔자양질환의 예방과 방어항체생성에 효과 있으며 안전한 것으로 사료된다. Background : The safety and effectiveness of influenza vaccine are well known in developed country. The influenza vaccination has been recommended as one of the tentative immunization schedule for indicated persons since 1997 in Korea. But there are still no available data about them, even though nearly 5 million doses of influenza vaccine were used in 1997-1998 season. So it is immediately needed to investigate the safety. efficacy and immunogenicity of influenza vaccine among Korean. Methods : We studied the clinical efficacy of influenza vaccine by monitoring Occurrence of influenza-like illness in influenza risk group(vaccination ; 300, non-vaccination; 215) from December in 1997 to March in 1998. We used the split quadrivalent influenza vaccine containing 15 microgram of hemagglutinin of A/Beijing/262/95(HlNl), A/Wuhan/359/95(H3N2), B/Mie/1/93 and B/Guangdong/5/94. Hemagglutination inhibition(HA1) antibody titers were determined before immunization and 1 months after vaccination And we evaluated adverse effect of influenza vaccination at 7 days after vaccination. Results : Influenza vaccination was associated with si@icant reductions in influenza-like spptoms(vaccination group; 28.35%, non-vaccination group, 35.88%, p=0.001). The preventive effect of influenza-like i3lne.s among influenza risk goup was 20.97%. And immunogenicity of influenza A and B exceeded all of the European licensure criteria for immunogenicity except postvaccination proportion of titers 240 of B/Guangdong/5/94 strain. And the adverse effects were mainly local injection site problem and no serious adverse effect was noted. Conclusion : Split influenza vaccine is safe, inmunogenic and eff'tive in influenza risk group in Korea.

HPLC를 사용한 쌀 중 잔류농약 동시분석법

최재천,이영자,김소희,최수영,최희주,정성욱,박흥재,김우성 한국환경과학회 2005 한국환경과학회지 Vol.14 No.4

A simple and sensitive analytical method based on RP-HPLC with UV detector(225 nm) and mobile phases using 0.1% phosphoric acid and acetonitrile was developed for simultaneous determination of quinclorac, bentazone, 2,4-D, bensulfuron-methyl, dymuron, capropamide, pencycuron, ethofenprox. This method was resulted in recovery of 78~ 96% with RSD 3.3~7.5%. LODs 0.12~0.84 and LOQs 0.34~1.20 ㎎/L. Calibration curves were linear with r of 0.9995~ 0.9999.

앤더슨 모형을 이용한 우리나라 일부 대학생의 구강진료이용행태에 관한 연구

정기천,이흥수,김수남 대한구강보건학회 2003 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

The purpose of this study is to provide framework for understanding university students' dental services utilization. In this paper Andersen model is applied to the analysis of dental services utilization. This model consists of predisposing, enabling, and need components that describe a person's decision to use dental health services. Questionnaire surveys were conducted for 521 university students. The number of independent variables used in the analysis was 36 in total, ie 25 predisposing components, 8 enabling components, and 3 need components. For statistical analyses of collected data, the multiple regression and the path analysis were adopted, The results obtained were as follows; 1. The proportion of student' dental visits was 41.5%, and the average of the dental visits was 2.33. 2. The purpose of most important recent utilization was dental caries treatment in university student. Also 4.4% of student visited dental clinic for oral disease prevention. 3. The amount of variance of the Andersen model for university student's dental visits was 16%. And of predisposing, enabling and need factors, which are components of the Andersen model, the need factors showed the largest amount of variance for university student's dental visits. 4. Number of restricted activity days caused by oral disease, having a regular dental care, socioeconomic status and perception on oral disease prevention were found to have significant major effects on dental services utilization of university student. Number of restricted activity days was most important factor affecting dental services utilization of student.

복강경하 질식 전자궁적출술과 질식 전자궁적출술의 임상적 비교

최종열,이천준,김흥열 고신대학교 의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Objective : To compare the advantages and disadvantages between laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) and total vaginal hysterectomy (TVH). Methods : We reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent LAVH and TVH from January 2004 to December 2006. We investigated the difference between LAVH group and TVH group in relation to age, weight, parity, previous abdominal operation, indication for hysterectomy, uterine weight, combined operation, operation time, postoperative hemoglobin change, gas out day, postoperative discharge day, and complications. Results : The most common indication of both group was uterine leiomyoma and/or adenomyosis, especially carcinoma in situ of uterine cervix or cervical cancer Ia1 were more frequent indication in LAVH group than TVH group (p=0.018). Operation time of LAVH group was significantly more longer than TVH group, 173.21 mins vs 127.36 mins respectively (p<0.001), and postoperative discharge day of LAVH group was more longer than TVH group, 5.59 days vs 4.86 days respectively (p=0.034). But there was not statistically significant difference between TVH group and LAVH group in relation to others: age, weight, parity, previous abdominal operation, uterine weight, combined operation, postoperative hemoglobin change, gas out day, and complications. Conclusion : Both LAVH and TVH have many following advantages compared with abdominal hysterectomy: less pain, shorter hospital day, cosmetic advantages, and lower mobidity. TVH even can be done safely in cases of large uterus or previous abdominal operation, but disadvantages of that are limited operation field and no visible abdominal cavity. In comparison, LAVH offers a view of abdominal cavity and can perform adnexal operation or adhesiolysis, but disadvantage of that is high cost. Thus the study in relation to appropriate selection of hysterectomy will be necessary to satisfy patient and lower cost.

SiC Single Crystal Growth on Dual Seed with Different Surface Properties

Lee, Sang Il,Jung, Jung Young,Park, Mi Seon,Lee, Hee Tae,Lee, Doe Hyung,Lee, Won Jae,Hong, Soon Ku,Yeo, Im Gyu,Kim, Heung Rak,Chun, Myong Chuel Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2013 Materials science forum Vol.740 No.-

<P>SiC crystal ingots were grown on 6H-SiC dual-seed crystal with different surface properties by a PVT (Physical Vapor Transport) technique. And then SiC crystal wafers sliced from the SiC ingots were systematically investigated in order to find out the dependence of surface properties for seed on the polytype formation. While n-type SiC crystals exhibiting the 4H polytype were grown on seed crystal having high root-mean-square (rms) value, 6H-SiC crystals were grown on seed having lower rms value. However, 6H polytype was maintained on on-axis and off-axis seeds during the entire growth period. The crystal quality of 6H-SiC single crystals grown on on-axis seed were revealed to be slightly better than that of 6H-SiC crystal grown on off-axis seed.</P>

USEFULNESS OF SIMPLE SHIELDING TECHNIQUE USING MULTILEAF COLLIMATOR IN BREAST RADIATION THERAPY

Lee, Kyu Chan,Lee, Seok Ho,Lee, Seung Heon,Sung, Kihoon,Ahn, So Hyun,Choi, Jinho,Dong, Kap Sang,Kim, Hyo Jin,Chun, Yong Seon,Park, Heung Kyu The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2014 방사선방어학회지 Vol.39 No.4

This study was designed to assess whether the conventional tangential technique, using a multileaf collimator (MLC), allows a reduced dose to the organs at risk (OAR) in breast radiation therapy. A total of forty right and left 20 for each breast cancer patients that underwent radiation therapy after breast conserving surgery were included in this study. For each patient, the planning target volume (PTV) and OAR (heart, left anterior descending artery (LAD), liver and lung) were defined and dose distribution were produced for conventional tangential beams using 6 MV photons. The treatment plans were made using the following two techniques for all patients. For the first plan (P1), MLC was designed to shield as much of OAR as possible without compromising the coverage of PTV. In the second plan (P2), the treatment plan was created without using MLC. Dose-volume histograms for OARs were calculated for all plans. For left breast cancer, the percentage of maximum dose ($D_{max%}$) and mean dose ($D_{mean%}$) of OARs (heart and LAD) were calculated, and for right breast cancer, the percentage of the mean dose ($D_{mean%}$) of the liver was calculated. The $D_{mean%}$ of the lung was calculated in all patients. The mean values of $D_{max%}$ of the heart ($86.9{\pm}19.5%$ range, 35.1-100.6%) in P1 were significantly lower than in P2 ($98.3{\pm}3.4%$ range, 91.7-105.2%) (p=0.001). The mean values of $D_{max%}$ of LAD ($78.4{\pm}22.5%$ range, 26.5-99.7%) in P1 was significantly lower than in P2 ($93.3{\pm}8.1%$ range, 67.9-102.1%) (p<0.001). In P1, the mean values of $D_{mean%}$ of the liver ($4.8{\pm}2.0%$) were significantly lower than in P2 ($6.2{\pm}2.5%$) (p<0.001). The mean values of $D_{mean%}$ of the lung were significantly lower in P1 ($9.3{\pm}2.3%$) than in P2 ($9.7{\pm}2.4%$) (p<0.001). P1, by using MLC, allows a significantly reduced dose to OAR compared with P2. We can suggest that it is reasonable to routinely use MLC in the conventional tangential technique for breast radiation therapy considering the primary tumor location.