Prediction of Retained Austenite Fraction in Quenching-and-Partitioning (Q&P) Steels Using the Gibbs Energy Balance Approach

Seong Hoon Kim,Ji Hoon Kim,Jae Hoon Lee,Dong‑Woo Suh,Jae Sang Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.9

Prediction of retained austenite fraction is quite important in designing advanced high strength steels since retained austeniteis the source of transformation-induced plasticity. The present study investigates the phase constitution of a medium-carbonQ&P steel by comparing various approaches to the transformation stasis of bainitic ferrite and applying them to the partitioningprocess. Among them, the modified GEB approach gave the best agreement with the experimental observation, includingthe effects of heat-treatment condition and chemical composition on phase constitution. This indicates phase transformationduring partitioning can be effectively described by the physics of Gibbs energy balance approach.

韓國人의 各 臟器組織中 靑酸鹽의 微量分布에 關한 硏究(Ⅱ)

張成吉,金恩浩,金英雲,李鎭勳,柳在薰,權五星,金明德,吳世珍,金由那 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2001 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.33 No.-

혈액암환자에서 조혈모세포 이식 후 따르는 헤르페스 바이러스 감영 양상

이호섭,탁희상,신성훈,김양수,남성진,김혜수,박진희,정수현,김성빈,김예나 고신대학교 의과대학 2010 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.25 No.1

배경 : 헤르페스바이러스과에는 단순포진 바이러스(HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS, HSV), 수두대상포진 바이러스 (VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS, VZV), 엡스타인-바 바이러스 (EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS, EBV), 그리고 거대세포 바이러스 (CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, CMV) 등이 있다. 헤르페스바이러스 감염은 혈액암환자에서 조혈모세포 이식 환자에서 전파 (dissemination), 이차감염, 세균 중복 감염의 심각한 합병증을 일으킬 수 있다. 하지만 항암약물치료를 받는 림파종 환자에서 항 바이러스 약제의 사용 용량과 기간에 대한 concensus는 없다. 헤르페스바이러스 감염에 대한 발생율과 위험인자를 후향성으로 분석하였다. 방법 : 고신대학교 복음 병원에서 1995년 6월부터 2009 년 2월 사이에 새롭게 진단되어 조혈모세포 이식을 받은 전체 58명의 환자들이 후향적으로 현 연구에 등록했다. 헤르페스 바이러스 감염은 임상적 진단, 혈청학적 검사 또는 병리학적 진단에 기초하여 확진한다. 환자들의 특성은 다음과 같다: 평균 연령은 44세 (범위 19-62세)였고 남녀비는 30:28이었다. 등록된 질환은 백혈병 (n=9, 15.5%), 림프종 (n=30, 51.7%), 다발성 골수종 (n=12, 20.7%), 재생불량성 빈혈 (n=6, 10.3%) 그리고 골수이형성증후군 (n=1, 1.7%)이 포함되었다. 결과는 chi-squre test나 independent samples T test를 사용하여 분석되었다. Multivariate analysises에 대해 logistic regression test를 사용하였다. 결과 : 15명의 환자들 (25.9%)에서 조혈모세포 이식후 헤르페스 바이러스 감염이 발생하였다. 조혈모세포 이식 5년간 누적 발생율은 53.9%였다. Univariate analyses에서 헤르페스 바이러스 감염에 대한 유의한 위험 인자는 없었다. 하지만 조혈모세포 이식후 생존 기간(40.18 ± 30.14 months vs 20.06 ± 26.67 months, p=0.018)은 헤르페스 바이러스 감염의 낮은 발병율과 유의한 관련성이 있었다. 이식 편대 숙주질환 (GVHD)의 존재 (37.5% in developed GVHD vs 0% in no GVHD, p=0.200), 동종조혈 모세포 이식에서 면역억제요법의 기간 (15.98 ± 14.02 months vs 6.78 ± 3.67 months, p = 0.374)은 헤르페스 바이러스 감염에 대한 위험인자가 아니었다. 결론 : 조혈모세포 이식 후 생존 기간은 어사이클로비어 예방을 받은 혈액암 환자에서 헤르페스 바이러스 감염의 낮은 발병율과 연관성이 있는 것으로 보인다. 저용량의 어사이클로비어 예방은 헤르페스 바이러스 감염의 고위험군인 조혈모세포 이식을 받은 혈액암 환자에 필요하리라 생각된다. Background : Herpesviridae family includes herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus, etc. Herpesviridae viral infection (HVI) can lead to serious complications including dissemination, secondary infection, bacterial superinfection in patients with hematologic malignancy following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). But there was no consensus on the dose and duration of antiviral agents prophylaxis in patients undergoing chemotherapy. We retrospectively analyzed the incidence and the risk factors for HVI. Method : A total of 58 patients who newly diagnosed and received HSCT with prophylaxis of acyclovir at the Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, Korea between June 1995 and February 2009 were enrolled retrospectively in the current study. HVI was confirmed based on clinical diagnosis, serologic test or pathologic diagnosis. The characteristics of the patients were as follows: the median age was 44 years (range 19-62 years) with a female-to-male ratio of 30:28. The enrolled diseases included leukemia (n=9, 15.5%), lymphoma (n=30, 51.7%), multiple myeloma (n=12, 20.7%), aplastic anemia (n=6, 10.3%) and myelodysplastic syndrome (n=1, 1.7%). The results were analyzed using a chi-square test and independent samples T test. For the multivariate analysis, we used logistic regression test. Results : Fifteen patients (25.9%) developed HVI after HSCT. The cumulative incidence of HVI was 53.8% at 5 years after HSCT. In univariate analysis, there was no significant risk factor for HVI. The presence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (37.5% in developed GVHD vs. 0% in no GVHD, p=0.200), duration of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in allo-SCT (15.98 ± 14.02 months vs. 6.78 ± 3.67 months, p = 0.374) were not risk factors for HVI. Conclusion : The incidence of HVI was similar to that in historical other studies. There was no risk factor associated with development of HVI. Most of the HVI occurred within the first 24 months after transplantation. So long term use of antiviral prophylaxis may be needed to prevention of HVI after HSCT.

격투스포츠 선수의 스포츠맨십 분석

박태훈(Park Tae-Hoon),유기성(Yoo Ki-Seong),유원용(Ryu Won-Yong),김영욱(Kim Young-Wook),이양구(Lee Yang-Gu),공창빈(Kong Chang-Bin),이상호(Lee Sang-Ho),김태영(Kim Tae-Young) 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.3

This research examines whether difference that is some in inclination of combat sports player's sportsmanship is, and accordingly is purposeful to clear relation. combat sports (fencing, Taekwondo, boxing, induction, wrestling, wrestling) player who research target is having player life in middle·high·an university 399 people be . Used Korean-made measure (KMSOS) that Seong-changhun (2003) verifies changing based on Vallerand MSOS by a tool to measure sportsmanship of players. Data processing used SPSS 12.0 programs. Did reliability analysis that use Cronbach'a coefficient to verify believability of an irradiation tool, Difference of sportsmanship used t-test, one-way ANOVA. In this research, drew following conclusion. First, man appeared higher level than woman in wave and human desire, decision respect, and woman appeared higher level than man in victory or defeat excessive fondness. Second, exercise immersion, decision respect, victory or defeat excessive fondness appeared level that minority is taller than majority. Third, in exercise immersion high school player decision respect appear, and tendency of level that middle school playing the first stone is high in victory or defeat excessive fondness appeared. Fourth, striking radical type of player appeared higher level than Geuraepeulring type of player in companion respect factor. Fifth, player less than exercise career 4 years appeared higher level than player less than 7 years and player more than 7 years for victory or defeat excessive fondness factor. Sixth, Taekwondo for best and companion respect factor, high level appeared to boxing item players.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

人間으로서의 존엄과 價値 : 憲法 第8條의 解釋을 中心으로

金成勳 제주한라대학 1975 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

Ⅰ. Preface The dignity and value as human beings will be studied, centered on the explation of Article 8 of the constitution of Korea, and on the relationship with Article 32, The Article 8 and 32 are as fallows: Article 8 : All citizens shall have the dignity and value as human beirgs, and it shall be the duty of the state to guarantee fundamental rghts of the people to the utmost. Article 32 : ① Liberties and rights of the citizens shll not be ignored for the reasons that they are not enumerated in the constitution. ② All liberties and rights of citizens may be restricted by law only in casesdem and necessary for the maintenance of order and public welfare. In case of such restriction, the essential substances of liberties and rights shall not be infringed. Ⅱ. The history and development of the human dignity rights. Modern democracy has its own value on the individualism and liberalism principled by human dignity and value. And owing to the emergence of totalitarianism and communism to deny the dignity and value of human beings after the World War Ⅰ, post World War Ⅱ every nation has come to regulate them in its constitution. Ⅲ. Contents and significance The dignity of signifies the contents of personality considered as its essence, and its value signifies an absolute estimate of man. The rights of dignity is true even of foreigners or those who lose citizenships but not of a corporate body. As the dignity and value of man have this two fold aspect of being spiritual and economic, the value security of them reguires that of the individual freedom and rights to live a human life. Ⅳ. The legal offect of human dignity rights As the security of human dignity and value -that of all citizens fundamental rights-is the rightful duty of government, all powers of a nation should be centered on the defence of human dignity and value, which is also thought to be applied indirectly to private laws. Ⅴ. The legal character of Article 8 of the Constitution The Article 8 is a basic norm which has regulated the thought of respect of fundamental rights and placed the superiority of individual before government as far as the fundamental rights are concerned. Ⅵ. The restrictions of human dignity righis As the human dignity and value are essential contents of fundamental rights, they may not be restricted thanks to Article 32, clause 2.

전기자동차 운전을 위한 쵸퍼장치에 관한 연구

김용주,이훈구,이승환,강승욱,한경희 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1996 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Electric vehicle which drives a motor using the battery of DC source on the car has several driving methods. The driving methods of electric vehicle are largely classified as the DC motor driving method using DC/DC converter and AC motor driving method using DC/AC converter. In this paper, several DC motor driving methods using various DC/DC converters are surveyed for the driving of electric vehicle which repeats driving and breaking frequently. As a result it is confirmed that the bilateral variable ratio chopper system for DC separately excited motor experimentally represents the best performance for the electric vehicle.

심초음파로 결정된 응급 심낭천자술의 천자부위

김성환,황성오,이강현,조준휘,강구현,문중범,이승환,윤정한,최경훈,김영식 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether the conventional subcostal approach is suitable for emergency pericardiocentesis in patients with cardiac tamponade or impending cardiac tamponade. Methods: This study was a prospective, observational study conducted at the emergency department of a tertiary hospital, Patients who had symptomatic pericardial effusion and who needed emergency pericardiocentesis in the emergency department were included in this study. We measured the epicardium-to-pericardium distance at the subcostal, parasternal, and apical area with two-dimensional echocardiography to determine the appropriate puncture site for pericardiocentesis. An epicardium-to-pericardium distance of more than 1.0 cm was considered as the primary safety factor in determining the Puncture site for pericardiocentesis. The skin-to-pericardium distance was considered as secondary safety factor. Results: Ninety-five consecutive patients(55 males and 40 females; total mean age: 53 year old) with cardiac tamponade or impending cardiac tamponade were enrolled in this study. The puncture site for pericardiocentesis, as determined by echocardiography, was the subcostal area in 43 patients(45%), the apical area in 40 patients(42%), the left parasternal area In 11 patients(12%), and the right parastemal area in one patient(1%). Pericardiocentesis failed in 2 patients(2%) with the subcostal approach and in one patient(1%) with the apical approach. The average epicardium-to-pericardium distance was 31 ±21 mm in patients with the subcostal approach and 21±8 mm in patients with other approaches. There were no differences in the amount of pericardial fluid and in the intraperical pressure among patient groups according to puncture site. There were two procedure related complications: a puncture of the right ventricle with the subcostal approach and a ventricular tachycardia with the apical approach.

SOL-GEL法에 依한 LAS系 結晶化유리의 製造에 있어서 租成比유리의 特性에 미치는 影響

김봉걸,양중식,조훈성,권창오,박경호 慶熙大學校 材料科學技術硏究所 1990 材料科學技術硏究論集 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate into the physical properties of Li₂O-Al₂O₃-nSiO₂ (LAnS) system of crystallized glass prepared by sol-gel method according to the composition ratio of LAnS. In order to find the crystallization temperature as well as the state of crystalline, differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis were examined. The results obtained are as follows : 1. Gelling time became longer as increasing the composition ratio of SiO₂ and also found that it became faster as increasing the additive amount of water. Also, additive amount of water required for the gellation was above four times of the theoretical amount of water required hydrolysis. 2. Surface area and mean pore size became larger as increasing the composition ratio of SiO₂ and for LA4S dried gel, surface area was 331.1m^(2)/g, mean pore size distributed about 5nm and 30-50nm. 3. The crystallization temperature is high as increasing the composition ratio of SiO₂ and for LA4S, crystallization temperature is 800℃. Also, LA4S formed at 800℃ for the crystalline phase of β-eucryptite and at 900℃ for crystalline phase of β-spodumene.

環境權의 展開와 確立

金成勳 제주한라대학 1980 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

This article attemps to make a legal approach to inquire into some environmental problems from the viewpoint of the establishment of environmental right. Therefore, this article aims to establish the right by examining the background, development and the theory of environmental law. The effects of environmental right limit their range to those of legislation and administration. As the aspect of today's environmental pollution or devastation is complicated and diversified, the environmental problems are becoming more serious and have outgrown the function of the conventional civil law principle. This is why the conventional law principle has to be corrected and give rise to the need of environmental right. This right will make possible the pleasant environment and a healthy life in it. This is an inborn, individual right as the fundamental human right. This right to protect the environment from devatation and pollution rests on the ideology of the superiority of human being over economy and on the absoluteness of the protection of the human being's health. Therefore, this environmental right can be said to be the one to make possible a lawsuit only with the regulations of Constitution. The approval of the environmental right works as a guiding doctrine for the preservation of a healthy and delightful environment in the aspect of the effects of legislative policy of environmental pollution. As a result of the comprehension of law principle, this approval of environmental right offers some ground for the obligatory suit in the administrative litigation, and for the request of the compensation for damage resulted from the violation of the environmental right. But, in fact, the legistative or administrative power is no longer able to cope with the environmental problems, neither helpful is the juridical relief to their solution owing to its restrictions. Thus the future of the environmental right has no other choice but to be development positively on the legislative or administrative measure inclusively considering the preservation and recovery of environment the welfare and health of the individual resident. So far as the juridical relief is concerned, ahead lies the task to construct the new legal technique for the preseration and recovery of environment.