幼兒文學敎育 實態에 관한 基礎硏究 : 慶南地域 幼兒敎育機關을 中心으로

姜仁彦,金英淑 진주여자전문대학 1988 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

The purpose of this study is to examine the actual condition of the literature education of young children in Gyeong Sang Nam Do, The specific problems of this study are as follows : 1. What is the goal of young childrens's literature education? 2. What is the criteria for the selection of young children's literature books? 3. What is trends of use and interest for media of young children's literature? 1) What is trends of use and interest for fairy tales and creative tales? 2) What is trends of use and interest for picture-tales? 3) What is trends of use and interest for kinds of puppets? 4) Have you ever taken a chance of a puppet-show? 5) Have you ever taken a chance of children's drama? 6) Have you ever used the children's verse in a classroom? 4. How many books of young children's literature do they stock in kindergarten and what is the teacher s viewpoint for these? 5. How is YES or NO of the teacher s experience for a creative activity of young children's literature? 6. For fairy tales : 1) What is the title of fairy tale most used in kindergarten? 2) What is the title of fairy tale which kindergarten-boys are most interested in? 3) What is the title of fairy tale which kindergarten-girls are most interested in? 4) What is the title of fairy tale which kindergarten-teachers are most interested in? 7. What do you want in the class allocated for young children's literature in college? 8. What is the problem in young cildren's literature education? For this study 27 nursery schools, 20 kindergarten attached to elementary schools and 78 private kindergarten in Kyeong Sang Nam Do were randomly sampled. The total subject of the study were 125 teachers. The instrument used for this study was a questionnaire. It was distributed to the teachers and filled out by them. Chi-square was used to analyze by the data obtained from the questionnaire. The results of this study are as follows : 1. For the goal of young children's literature education : 'to be helped creative and expressive activities to literature in various ways' was regarded to be the most important in general. 2. For the criteria for selection of young children's literature books ; 'the contents related a unit was regarded to be the most important in general. 3. For the trends of use interest fot the media of young children s literature ; 'picture-tale' and 'picture-books' are the descending order responded. 4. For books of young children's literature and teacher s viewpoint for those ; '100 books and below them' and 101-200 books' are the descending order responded and answered 'proper' for these. 5. For the YES or No of the teacher's experience for a creative activity of youg children's literature ; 'NO' was regarded to be the most in general. 6. For fairy tales and the title of fairy tale most used in kindergartens ; 'Heungbu-Jean', 'Hokburi-younggam' and 'Hae wa Dali Deun O-nui' are the descending order responded by boys. 'Kongzui and patzui' and 'Baek-seol Princess' are the descending order responded by girls. And 'Hae wa dali Deun O-nui' and 'Hokburi-younggam' are by teachers. 7. For the request to the class allocated for young children's literature in college ; 'the manufacture technique for media of young children's literature and communiate method 'and' the guidance of the creative education to the genre of young children's literature' are the descending order responded by teachers. 8. For the problem in young children's literature education ; 'the problem of manufacture technique for media', 'The difficulty of selection for a literary work and the poor of a subject matter' and 'the poor of teaching materials' are the descending order responded by teachers.

Nurses' management of older patients with post-anesthesia delirium: A Q methodology approach

Kang,Minyeong(Minyeong Kang),Kim,Eun Young(Eun Young Kim),Chang,Sung Ok(Sung Ok Chang) 한국노인간호학회 2022 노인간호학회지 Vol.24 No.4

Purpose: This is an analysis of the experiences of nurses in Post Anesthesia Care Units (PACUs) in caring for older patients with emergence delirium using the Q-methodology. Methods: The Q-methodology, which is used to explore and understand human subjectivity, was applied. Thirty nurses who had experiences in providing nursing for delirium in older patients after surgery in a PACU participated in this study. Results: This study revealed three factors regarding the frame of reference of PACU nurses in detecting and managing older patients' emergence delirium: “detect the deviant changes leading to instability”, “focus on the patient’s degree of cognitive recovery within the framework of recovery time”, and “awareness of possible clues based on the patient’s underlying disease(s)”. Conclusion: These findings are expected to be utilized as a basis for more practical and accessible PACU nurse delirium education that reflects nurses’ subjective viewpoints explained by the three identified factors.

Investigation of the April 2000 forest fire damage in Kang-won Province, Korea, using RADARSAT data

Kang, Sung Chul,Seo, Jin Won,Lee, Tae Hee,Park, Sang Eun,Hong, Suk Young,Moon, Wooil M. 대한원격탐사학회 2000 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.16 No.1

The series of forest Fires in Kangwon Province in April, 2000, were one of the mast serious ones in the Kang-won Province in recent years. The fire damaged areas are extensive and this paper investigates the utility of the satellite image data, particularly the RADARSAT SAR data. One of the main objectives of this study included evaluation of potential usefulness of the C-band RADARSAT data in the detection of forest fires in mountainous areas. Among several fire damaged sites, the area near Samchuk (city) was selected as the main study area and mufti-temporal RADARSAT(raw) data were acquired and the processed results were comparatively investigated with the IRS-1c data acquired shortly after the fire. To identify the burnt area from the undamaged background in the optical imagery, supervised classification and NDVI processing were carried out and tested with the IRS-1C data. For this experiment, several sets of raw RADARSAT standard and Fine mode (S4, F3, ascending orbit) data were processed and the final image was formed. In addition to the final image, sigma nought (σ°) was catnputed and compared for the burnt area against the undamaged areas. Because of the steep slopes in the study area and subsequent deviation from the flat surface scattering models, the fire scars in the sigma nought (σ°) image were not apparent. However, fire scars are slightly detected in the difference and ratio images obtained from the signal intensity data acquired at different dates (bath before and after fire). Texture analysis of the image data including the burnt areas were carried out using the Multiplicative Markov Random-Field (MMRF) algorithm. The detection of the fire damaged area from both standard mode and fine mode RADARSAT was not as straightforward as in optical data. However, Previous studies with ERS-1 S_AR and RADARSAT data in Indonesia and in the North American Plains indicate that C-band SAR data provide us with an effective tool for studying the forest fire damages. However, the application of C-band SAR data to the analysis of the forest fire areas requires careful processing of the data with realistic scattering models.

One step bulk modification of poly(L-lactic acid) composites with functional additives to improve mechanical and biological properties for cardiovascular implant applications

Kang, Eun Young,Choi, Bogyu,Park, Wooram,Kim, Ik Hwan,Han, Dong Keun Elsevier 2019 Colloids and Surfaces B Vol.179 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) has been widely used as a promising biomaterial in biomedical applications due to its biodegradability and high mechanical strength. However, because of the inherent brittleness, low impact resistance, and weak thermal stability of PLLA, the modification process is usually required to utilize it for biomedical devices. Furthermore, acidic byproducts resulting from the hydrolysis of PLLA after implantation reduce the pH of the surrounding environment and cause inflammatory responses in the implanted area, leading to the failure of their clinical applications. To this end, here, we demonstrate a novel modification process for the PLLA composite with various functional additives, such as cis-aconitic anhydride (AA), triacetin (TA), isosorbide derivative (ISB), and/or Pluronic® F127 (F). The modified PLLA composite with TA and F (PLLA/TF) showed significantly improved elongation at break and Young’s modulus and retained tensile strength. Moreover, incorporating magnesium hydroxide (MH) nanoparticles (PLLA/TFMH) significantly reduced acid-induced inflammation responses caused by the acidic degradation products of PLLA. Reduced plasma protein adsorption was observed in the PLLA/TFMH. These results suggest that the one step bulk modification of biodegradable PLLA using TA, F, and MH will have great potential in cardiovascular implant applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Improved mechanical properties of PLLA via one step bulk modification with TA and F. </LI> <LI> Reduced acid-induced inflammation via one step bulk modification of PLLA/TF with MH. </LI> <LI> Increased homogeneity of MH distribution in one step bulk modified PLLA/TFMH. </LI> <LI> Enhanced hemocompatibility of PLLA/TFMH. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

18–30세 사이에 발생하는 뇌경색의 특징, 다기관 레지스트리 연구

장윤경,송태진,김용재,허지회,이경열,김영은,장민욱,조수진,강석윤 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2017 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.40 No.3

Objectives: Although there have been several reports that described characteristics for young age stroke, information regarding very young age (18–30 years old) has been limited. We aimed to analyze demographic factors, stroke subtype, and 3-month outcome in acute ischemic stroke patient who have relatively very young age in multicenter stroke registry. Methods: We evaluated all 122 (7.1%) consecutive acute ischemic stroke (within 7 days after symptom onset) patients aged 18 to 30 from 17,144 patients who registered in multicenter prospective stroke registry, 1997 to 2012. Etiology was classified by Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria. Stroke severity was defined as National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and stroke outcome was defined by modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 3 months after index stroke. Results: The mean age of all included patients was 25.1±3.7 years and 76 patients (62.2%) were male. The median NIHSS at admission was 4. Considering stroke subtype, 37 patients (30.3%) had stroke of other determined etiology (SOD), 37 (30.3%) had undetermined negative evaluation (UN) and 31 (25.4%) had cardioembolism (CE) were frequently noted. After adjusting age, sex and variables which had P<0.1 in univariable analysis (NIHSS and stroke subtype), CE stroke subtype (odds ratio, 4.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.42–15.48; P=0.011) were significantly associated with poor functional outcome (mRS≥3). Conclusion: In very young age ischemic stroke patients, SOD and UN stroke subtype were most common and CE stroke subtype was independently associated with poor discharge outcome.

당뇨병과 동반된 화농성 간농양의 임상상 및 예후인자

오은숙,강무일,이원영,오기원,임동준,이소영,이정민,고승현,김성래,안유배,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구 대한당뇨병학회 2000 임상당뇨병 Vol.1 No.1

연구배경: 감염질환은 혈관질환과 함께 당뇨병의 중요한 사망원인의 하나이며, 혈당조절이 불량할수록 감염 빈도가 증가됨은 잘 알려져 있다. 간농양의 발생이 있어서도 당뇨병은 중요한 기저질환 중의 하나이다. 일반적으로 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균은 Escherichi coli라고 알려져 있으나, 최근 당뇨병을 가진 간농양 환자에서 Klesiella pneumoniae의 검출이 증가되고 있다. 또 최근 연구에 의하면 K.pneumonie가 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균이며, K. pneumoniae에 의한 간농양은 K.pneumoniae 이외의 균주에 의한 간농양보다 당뇨병과 밀접히 관련되어 있다고 보고된 바 있다. 이에 저자들은 간농양 환자를 대상으로 당뇨병환자의 빈도를 알아보고, 그 원인균 및 특징을 비당뇨병 환자들의 경우와 비교해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 1992년 1월부터 1999년 6월까지 방사선학적 검사 혹은 수술에 의해 간농양이 확인되거나, 경피적 천자나 수술을 통한 배농액 배양, 혹은 혈액 검사에서 원인균이 증명된 182명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 임상고찰을 실시하였다. 결과: 화농성 농양을 가진 167명의 환자(남:94명, 여:73명)중 당뇨병을 가진 환자는 54명 (남:30명, 여:24명)으로 32.3%를 차지하였다. 환자의 평균나이는 당뇨군에서 62.1 ± 13.4세, 비당뇨군에서는 55.1 ±15.5세로 당뇨군에서 높았으며(p=0.0021), 남녀간의 평균나이 비교 시 두 군 모두 여성의 나이가 의미있게 높았다. 비당뇨군에 비하여 당뇨군의 경우 저알부민혈증의 빈도와 aspartate transaminase가 증가되어있었다. 원인균주는 K. pneumoniae (당뇨군54%, 비당뇨군 39.1%), E. coli(당뇨군 17.5%, 비당뇨군 18.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus 순이었으며 두 군간의 의미는 차이는 없었으나 K. pneumoniae의 경우 다른 균종에 비해 단독감염의 빈도가 높았다(82.8%). 사망률은 당뇨군에서 16.7%, 비당뇨군에서 7.1%로 당뇨군에서 의미있게 높았으며(p=0.019), 당뇨군에서의 사망환자는 모두 패혈증이 동반되어 있었다. 당뇨환자의 사망군은 생존군에 비해 당뇨병 이환기간이 길고 혼합감염의 빈도가 높았다(p=0.046). 검사실 소견에서는 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가가 관찰되어 있었다. 결론: E. coli가 간농양의 주된 원인균이라는 기존 보고와는 달리 당뇨군과 비당뇨군 모두 K. pneumoniae가 간농양의 주된 원인균이었다. 또한 당뇨 유병기간이 길고 당뇨조절이 불량한 환자에서 혼합감염이며 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가등과 같은 위험인자가 존재할 경우 사망률이 증가될 수 있으므로 이들 군에서는 적극적인 치료가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Liver abscesses are commonly associated with underlying disease, particularly diabete mellitus. The number of the liver abscesses caused by Klebslella pneumoniae in diabetic patient has been increased in Korea nowadays. This study was conducted to clarify the clinical presentation and prognostic factors of pyogenic liver abscesses, especially in diabetic patients and to determine the proportion of K. pneunomiae as a pathogen in liver abscess in Korea. Methods: Medical records of 167 patients treated for pyogenic liver abscess from January, 1992 through June, 1999 were reviewed retrospectively in detail. Major Pathogenic organism, clinical manifestations, prognostic factors, the importance of diabetes mellilus as an underlying disease and its effect on clinical features and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Among 167 cases of pyogenic liver abscess, underlying diabetes mellitus was present in 32.3%. The mean age of patients was 62.7 13.4 years in diabetic liver abscess group and 55.1 15.5 years in non-diabetic liver abscess group. Most liver abscesses were cryptogenic in origin or secondary to the billary tree diseases. The clinical presentations among the two groups were not significantly different. When compared to patients without diabetes, patients with diabetes had significantly higher proportions of hypoalbuminemia and elevated aspartate transaminase level. The most common organism of the pyogenic abscess was K. pneumoniae in both groups. Percutaneous drainage of the abscess with appropriate antibiotics was the most commonly used therapeutic modality in liver abscess. The mortality rate of diabetic liver abscess is 16.1 % and 7.1% in nondiabetic liver abscess. Complications, especially septicemla, were found more frequently in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes (64.8% vs 28.3%, septicemia : 31.5% vs 9.7%). The factors influencing mortality in the diabetic liver abscess were disease duration, mixed infection, presence of septicemia, elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions: In contrast to prior report that the E. coli was the most common pathogen in liver abscess, we found that K. pneumoniae was the most common organism cultured in liver abscess. Diabetic patients have more complications and higher mortality than patients without diabetes. Early detection and proper treatment are needed to improve the outcome for diabetic patient with liver abscess.

Multiple myeloma 환자에서 Bortezomib치료 후 발생한 마비성 장폐색증 1례

김준영,이원식,손창학,박성길,진한영,박석주,조영완,정은욱,강명주,박정하,주영돈 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

Bortezomib is the first clinically available proteasome inhibitor that is clinically effective in the treatment of multiple myeloma. A proteasome inhibitor acts through multiple mechanisms to arrest tumor growth, tumor spread, and angiogenesis. The main adverse effects of bortezomib are gastrointestinal symptoms, cytopenia, fatigue, and peripheral neuropathy. To date, severe paralytic ileus has not been reported as a toxic effect of bortezomib treatment in multiple myeloma. Bortezomib is a novel agent that has only been used clinically for 30 months, so a need exists to further evaluate its toxicity. We report a case of grade Ⅲ (NCI CTCAE v3.0) or grade Ⅳ(SWOG toxicity criteria) paralytic ileus in a 65-year-old man with relapsed multiple myeloma who underwent one cycle of single-agent bortezomib treatment scheduled in a 21-day cycle (1.3 mg/㎥ as a single i.v. bolus on days 1, 4, 8, and 11).

연령대별 요추 추간판탈출증 환자의 요근과 척추주위근 단면적에 대한 분석

공덕현 ( Deok Hyun Kong ),배광호 ( Kwang Ho Bae ),고호연 ( Ho Yeon Go ),강명진 ( Myung Jin Kang ),김준수 ( Jun Su Kim ),양기영 ( Kee Young Yang ),이재훈 ( Jae Hoon Lee ),은영준 ( Young Jun Eun ) 한방재활의학과학회 2010 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Objectives :This study was designed to evaluate the correlation of the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis(iliocostalis lumborum, multifidus, longissimus thoracis parts lumborum) and psoas muscle and sex, age, change of the VAS(visual analogue scale) and past history of chronic low back pain in patients suffering from HIVD(herniation of intervertebral disc). Methods :Medical records of 140 subjects with HIVD were retrospectively reviewed. The MRI(magnetic resonance imaging) findings on the patients were scanned and analyzed by PiView program to find the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and were evaluated by the correlation of sex, age, change of the VAS, and past history of chronic low back pain. Results :There was significant difference between groups in male and female, young-adults age and middle age, middle age and old age, young-adults age and old age. But the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and past history of chronic low back pain were partially significant. On the other hand, the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and change of the VAS were not significant. Conclusions :These results suggest that the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis and psoas muscle have relevance to sex and age.

幼兒敎育機關에서 사용 빈도가 높은 傳來童話의 內容 分析 : 慶南地域 幼兒敎育機關을 中心으로

姜仁彦,金英淑 진주여자전문대학 1989 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyze the content of fairy tales which are in general used in kindergarten. The specific problems of this study are as follows: 1. What is the theme of fairy tales? 2. For the framework of fairy tales? 1). What is the types of characters? 2). What is the types of accidents? 3). What is the types of background? 3. Is there any relationships between fairy tales and young children's need? 4. Is there any relationships between fairy tales and five fields of educational goal in kindergarten? For this study 27 nursery schools, 20 kindergartens attached to elementary school and 78 private kindergartens in Kyeong Sang Nam Do were randomly sampled. 40 fairy tales obtained from 125 teachers were analyzed. The results of this study are as follows: 1. By following the theme, 'the promotion of virtue and reproval of vice' revealed mostly, 'solving a problem' followed, and 'the rights of man' 'the failure of imitation' revealed few. 2. For the framework of fairy tales: 1). By following the characters, 'ordinary men' revealed mostly, followed by 'ordinary animals', 'helping animals', 'assailants', 'Gods' and so on. 2). By following the accidents, 'unselfishness', revealed mostly, 'wish and achieve', the wise', 'punishment' followed, and 'respect' revealed few. 3). For the types of backgorund, first, by following backgound of status followed by 'a child hare', 'a woodcut', 'king' and so on. By following the backgound of age, 'the male' and 'an adult' were emphasized more than 'the female' and 'a child'. And, by following the physical background 'the deformity' and occult arts revealed. 3. By follwing the young children's needs, 'the need for security' related mostly, followed by 'the need to belong' 'the need to love' the need to achieve', and 'the need for change'. 4. By following five fields of educational goal in kindergarten, 'emotional field' and 'social field' related mostly, followed by 'physical field' 'congnitive field' and 'verbal field'.

조혈모세포이식술이 골수기질세포의 기원 및 조골세포로의 증식 및 분화에 미치는 효과

강무일,조성원,오은숙,백기현,이원영,오기원,김혜수,한제호,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.4·5