한국인 알코올 의존 자녀들과 도파민 D2, D4 수용체, GABAΑ 수용체 β Subunit 및 세로토닌 운반체 유전자 다형성 사이의 연관성에 대한 예비적 연구

천근아,김재원,전진용,이준영,남궁기 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.1

Objectives : The studies on the genetic risk factors of the children of alcoholics (COAs) are still in an early stage. The A 1 allele of the dopamine receptor 2 gene (DRD2) may be associated with the negative affect and positive alcohol expectancy of the COAs. In addition, several researchers reported that COAs might be associated with the GABA_(A) receptor β subunit gene (GABRB3) and serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR). In this study, we investigated the association of polymorphism of the DRD2, Dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4), GABRB3, 5-HTTLPR with COAs to examine the genetic risk factors of COAs. Methods : Twenty-two COAs and 23 control children (children of non-Alcoholics ; Non-COAs) were included for the genetic study. All COAs aged 6 to 18 were recruited and selected from families of alcoholic patients in alcohol clinics of three university and mental hospital. Alcoholism of parents was classified as type I (non-antisocial, late onset) and type II (antisocial, early onset) by Cloninger's classification. The genotyping of the DRD2, DRD4, GABRB3, 5-HTTLPR was carried out. Chi-square method was used for evaluating the associations between genetic polymorphism and the COAs Results : The frequency of A1 + allele of DRD2 in COAs were significantly higher than Non-COAs (χ²=4.45, df= 1, p=0.035). Significant association between the genotype of DRD4 and COAs was found (χ²=8.32, df= 1, p=0.004). Gl- alleles of GABRB3 in COAs were significantly higher than in Non-COAs (χ²=6.622, df= 1, p=0.022). We found no association of the polymorphic alleles of 5-HTTLPR with the COAs (χ²=0.021, df= 1, p=0.884). There were significant associations between the type of parental alcoholism and depression of COAs. Conclusion : We found that the children of alcoholics had significantly increased genetic risk of alcohol drinking expectancy. This study provides some preliminary information on the risk and protective factors associated with the COAs, which can be usedas a foundation for prevention and intervention of future psychopathology.

서울市 浮遊粉廛의 粒度分布에 關한 硏究

千晩寧,鄭俊和 안성산업대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Atmospheric aerosol ranging 0.08-30㎛ in diameter has been measured by using Andersen air sampler in Seoul from July 1989 to May 1990. The mass distribution △m/△ log Dp showed bimodal shape. The aerosol number distributions were fitted well with Junge distribution △N/△log Dp=K Dp^-R with R=3 in seoul. However this distribution were slightly deviated from the straight line. The surface distribution △S/△log Dp showed a rapid decrease up to 2㎛. The volume distribution △V/△log Dp showed that the variation pattern was universally bimodal with saddle point in 2.1㎛ size range.

한국인 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동에서 도파민 D4 수용체 유전자의 Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) 다형성과 Methyphenidate 치료 반응간의 연관성

천근아,김붕년,조수철,김재원,황준원,신민섭,홍강의 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : In the present study, we investigate the association between homozygosity of the 4-repeat allele (4/4) at the DRD4 and the response to the treatment with MPH in Korean children with ADHD. Methods : The present study included 71 children with ADHD (8.231.78 years) from two children's psychiatric clinics in South Korea. All drug-naive children with ADHD were treated with MPH for about 8 weeks. The subjects who showed improvement of over 50% compared with the baseline ARS score after 8 weeks of treatment were termed as the 'good response' group. The subjects who showed an improvement of less than 50% were considered as the 'poor response' group. After genotyping for DRD4 were performed, we investigated correlation between homozygosity for 4-repeat allele at DRD4 and the response to MPH treatment. Results : We found that while 79.5% (31/39) of the subjects with homozygosity of 4-repeat allele at DRD4 showed good response to MPH treatment, 68.8% (22/32) of the subjects without homozygosity of 4-repeat allele at DRD4 showed poor response to MPH treatment according to ARS scores assessed by their parents (χ²= 16.762, df= 1, p<0.01). We also found that while 61.5% (24/39) of the subjects with homozygosity of 4-repeat allele at DRD4 showed good response to MPH treatment, 87.5% (28/32) of the subjects without homozygosity of the 4-repeat allele at DRD4 showed poor response to MPH treatment according to ARS scores assessed by their teachers (χ²= 17.698, df= 1, P<0.01). Conclusion : Our findings support an association between the homozygosity of 4-repeat allele and a good response to MPH in ADHD of Koreans.

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동의 지적수준에 따른 정신병리와 실행기능의 차이

천은진,서완석,이종범,김진성,구본훈,송창진,성형모,배준용,배대석 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.4

To investigate psychopathoIogy and executive functions of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children according to intelligence level, this study included 197 ADHD children who visited the outpatient department of neuropsychiatry of YeungNam University Medical Center, from July 2000 to June 2002. The children were divided into groups based on their intelligence levels. They were compared by the Personality Inventory for Children (PIC), Conncers' Continuous Performence Test (CPT), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). There were significant differences in PIC, on the subscales of verbal development, socialization and autism. In the CPT, there was no significant difference. In the WCST, there were significant differences in the total number of errors, the number of perseverative errors, the number of completed categories and the number of trials needed to complete the first category. Considering these results, the intelligence level of ADHD children is related to their disabilities and behavioral symptoms.Executive functions such as abstract thinking, categorization, working memory and flexibility had significant relationship to the intelligence levels of ADHD children. Therefore, the intelligence level of children with ADHD influences the higher executive functions of regulating attention and information processing rather than attentional functions and capacity alone.

알코올 사용과 스트레스와의 관련성

전진용,오동열,구민성,이준석,천근아,박웅섭,김상아 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.4

Objectives : This study was designed to assess the relationship between alcohol use and stress. Methods : The study subjects were 1,261 people who drink among the 2,565 people who lived in Gangneung. We investigated the sociodemographic characteristics, Short Form-12 (SF-12), Global Assessment of Recent Stress (GARS) and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Results : In Problem drinking group the GARS was significantly positively associated with the AUDIT (p=0.02). In Social drinking group sex (p<0.001) and age (p=0.02) is significantly associated with the AUDIT. Conclusion : This study showed the significantly positively association between stress and alcohol use. We think that the intervention and active management of the stress can prevent the alcohol problem.

順天倭城에 관한 연구 : 건축적 의미를 중심으로

천득염,조준익,정철성 전남대학교호남문화연구소 2001 호남학 Vol.28 No.-

The purpose of this study is that it is made clear the construction method of Japanese Castle Architecture in Korea as I study the construction method of Suncheon-Japanese Castle(順天倭城) in those days of Jeong-yu Japanese Invasion. Moreover, I intend to analyze the similarity and the difference between Suncheon-Japanese Castle and Korean Castle Architecture by a comparative study. The result of the study is showed that Suncheon-Japanese Castle seemed to be built with the object of a long time stay rather than it was of strategic importance for the national defense. In addition, it was different from other Japanese Castle in Korea because the watch tower(天守閣) of it stood in the middle of stronghold and the watch tower stronghold dividing the round of it while that of it stood the corner of stronghold. The face stone used in important part of watch tower, gate, and so on was mostly a trimed hexangular stone. On the other hand, the face abbuting on the Gulf of kwang-yang was made of naturally wild face stone. The stone cleared traces of Si-hyeol(矢穴) and domestic Castle in Japan was also made of this method after Im-Jin Japanese Invation. According to the construction method, the wall of castle made use of the Netak(內托) method except the gate, the support stronghold and the watch. The early mountain castle in Korea have this construction method in common.

알코올 사용 장애 환자에서 알코올 사용의 심각도에 따른 불안 및 우울 증상과의 연관성

천은진,이준엽,구본훈,문보영,정진영,정성훈 대한생물치료정신의학회 2011 생물치료정신의학 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of anxiety& depressive symptoms according to the severity of alcohol use in patients with alcohol use disorder. Methods:A total of 85 patients with alcohol use disorders were enrolled in this study. The severity of alcohol use was measured by the Korean version of alcohol use disorders identification test(AUDIT-K)& National Alcohol Screening test(NAST). Anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured by using the Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), respectively. Pearson’s correlation test was applied to correlate among the severity of alcohol use, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Results:The mean scores of AUDIT-K, NAST, BAI and BDI were 22.22(±8.28), 6.24(±3.25), 18.64(±13.08), and 22.05(±10.13), respectively. Pearson’s correlation test showed that between the score of AUDIT-K and NAST, BAI or BDI, there were positively significant correlations(r=.534, p<.01 r=.231, p<.05 r=.334, p<.01), respectively. And in cases of≥26 score of AUDIT-K, there were much more positive correlations with BAI(r=.425, p<.05). Conclusion:The results of this study demonstrated that patients with alcohol use disorders have high co-morbid anxiety and depressive disorders. Overall, the greater severity of alcohol use may be associated with more anxiety and depressive symptoms. However, it is suggested that in the patients with severe alcohol use, correlation appeared to be positive only for anxiety symptoms.

Pulsed Nd:YAG 레이저 조사와 불소 화합물 도포가 초기 우식 법랑질의 표면 경도에 미치는 영향

곽준봉,기우천 전남대학교 치과대학 1996 전남치대논문집 Vol.8 No.1

This study was designed to determine the most effective concentration of fluoride and energy density of laser irradiation for the anticarious effect. For this study, surface hardness in enamel was measured before and after irradiation with pulsed Nd : YAG laser and the topical application of fluoride. Of the permanent mandibular anterior bovine teeth, healthy, carious free ones were used. Three hundred specimens were made. Specimens within 25~45 Vickers hardness numbers were assigned to 20 control and experimental groups : each containing 15 specimens. After forming artificial carious lesions, 10 J/㎠, 20 J/㎠, and 30 J/㎠ energies were irradiated on the enamel surface of each experimental group. Also NaF, NH_4F, Elmex gel(amine fluoride) and APF gel fluoride compounds were applied topically. Next, all the specimens were placed into the pH circulatory procedures for eight days. Vickers hardness numbers were measured using a microhardness tester. Surface changes of the enamel were observed using an scanning electron microscope. The comparative analysis yielded the following results : 1. The reduction of surface hardness of the enamel surface was less in all groups with fluoride application than in the group without fluoride application. 2. The APF gel group with 10 J/㎠ irradiation showed the lowest reduction of surface hardness. 3. The reduction of surface hardness of the enamel surface in the group of laser irradiation without fluoride application not showed any significant difference according to the energy density of the laser. 4. Under the scanning electron microscope, in enamel irradiated with 10 J/㎠ showed appearance similar to acid etching surface. In enamel irradiated with 20 J/㎠, fine enamel crack was detected. In enamel irradiated with 30 J/㎠, severe enamel crack and fusion of enamel were detected. These results suggest that one could obtain the best anticariogenic effects without damage to teeth in the group of application of APF gel after laser irradiation with 10 J/㎠.

읽기 교육 연구의 방향 : 읽기 교육 연구자의 인식을 바탕으로

윤준채,이천희,김영란 한국초등국어교육학회 2009 한국초등국어교육 Vol.39 No.-

본 연구는 국내의 읽기 교육 분야에서 현재 활발하게 탐구되고 있는 연구 주제와 앞으로 활발하게 탐구되어야 할 연구 주제가 무엇인지를 추출하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해, 국내 읽기 연구자를 대상으로 한 설문조사를 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 자료 분석 결과, 국내 읽기 연구자들은 ‘과정 중심 읽기 지도, 읽기 기능과 전략, 읽기 교육과정’과 관련된 주제가 현재 가장 활발하게 연구되고 있다고 반응했다. 현재에 주목을 받고 있지 않은 연구 주제로는 ‘읽기 교사 교육, 균형적인 읽기 지도, 연구 기반 읽기 지도, 교과 독서 지도, 읽기 부진아 지도’ 등을 꼽았으며, ‘교과 독서 지도, 읽기 부진아 지도’ 등을 앞으로 활발하게 연구해야 하는 주제로 인식했다. 마지막으로 분석 결과 및 연구 방법에 대하여 논의하였다. The purpose of this study was to investigate hot research topics for today and tomorrow in the area of reading education. For the study, 21 reading researchers participated in the survey. According to the results, the participants enumerated 'process-based reading instruction, reading skill and strategy, and reading curriculum' as today's hot topics in the area of reading education. As today's not-hot-topics, they picked up 'reading teacher development, balanced reading instruction, research-based reading instruction, and reading instruction for at-risk readers. For tomorrow's should-be-hot topics, they chose 'content area reading and reading instruction for at-risk readers'. Regarding such results, some issues were discussed.

흉부외상 없이 발생한 흉부대동맥 절단증의 조기 진단 : 2례 보고 Two Cases Report

한승백,전영진,백광제,김준식,김정택,김광호,선경 大韓應急醫學會 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Aortic transection or interruption is a rare condition which developed after an acute deceleration injury. Its occurrence depends on the location and direction of the force applied and is usually from motor vehicle accident or falling down. The exact incidence of aortic transection in trauma is not known but, when develops, only about 10-15% of the victims can survive and be transported to the hospital. Even in the survivors, majority of them will be fatal within a few days if a prompt diagnosis and surgical treatments are not made. Aggressive diagnostic work-up is recommended for the patients with high suspicious index, which would salvage the victims with this fatal condition. We report the experience of two cases of aortic transection or interruption following motor vehicle accidents.