유화형 Sausage의 품질특성에 식물성유와 동물성유 CLA 첨가가 미치는 영향

이정일,이진희,곽석준,하영주,정재두,이진우,이제룡,주선태,박구부 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.2

CLA-식물성유와 CLA-동물성유가 대체가 유화형 sausage의 품질특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 3개의 시험구를 배치하였다. CLA-CO는 돼지 등지방 함량 중 30%를 CLA-corn oil로 대체시켰으며, CLA-SSO는 30% CLA-safflower seed oil, CLA-LD는 30% CLA-lard을 각각 대체하여 유화형 sausage를 제조한 후 1, 7, 14, 21 그리고 28일 동안 4℃의 냉장고에 저장하면서 이화학적 특성, 조직감, 지방산패도, 지방산 조성 및 CLA 함량의 변화를 조사하였다. CLA-식물성유와 CLA-동물성유를 첨가한 sausage의 pH는 전 저장기간동안 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 낮게 나타났으며(p<0.05), 모든 처리구가 저장 14일째에 유의적으로 가장 낮은 pH를 보였다(p<0.05). Sausage의 L*과 a*값은 모든 처리구간에 큰 차이는 없었으나, b*값의 경우 CLA-처리구가 대조구에 비해 전 저장기간 동안 유의적으로 높은 경향을 나타내었다(p<0.05). CLA 처리구가 대조구에 비하여 모든 지방산 조성이 감소하는 결과를 보인 반면에 linolenic acid 함량은 대조구에 비하여 CLA 처리구인 CLA-CO와 CLA-SSO 처리구가 유의적으로 높은 함량을 보였다(p<0.05). 모든 처리구가 저장기간 경과에 따른 지방산 조성의 변화는 없었다. 조직감에서는 CLA-LD 처리구가 대조구나 다른 처리구에 비하여 응집성, 탄력성, 고무성 및 파쇄성 등이 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 유화형 sausage의 지방산패도는 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 처리구 모두 유의적으로 높게 나타났고(p<0.05), CLA-CO 처리구가 대조구 보다 유의적으로 낮은 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과 유화형 sausage 제조시 CLA 첨가는 이화학적 특성과 조직감에 영향을 미치지 않으며, 제품의 저장기간을 연장 및 CLA를 축적시키는 것이 가능하여 고급 sausage 생산이 가능하다고 사료된다. Emulsion-type sausages were manufactured to investigate the effects of CLA-vegetable oils and CLA-lard on quality characteristics of emulsion-type sausage. Each treatments replaced pork back fat with CLA-corn oil (CLA-CO), CLA-safflower seed oil (CLA-SSO) and CLA-lard (CLA-LD) were stored during 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days at 4℃. The changes in physico-chemical properties, texture, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), fatty acid composition and CLA content of each treatments were measured during 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days at 4℃. During storage, pH of control showed higher pH value than that of CLA-vegetable and CLA-lard treatments. The pH values of all treatments was significantly low at storage 14 days (p<0.05). The color L^* and a^*-value of all the treatments was not significantly changed with the storage periods. Color b^*-value of CLA-treatments was higher than that of control during the storage period. Fatty acids composition was changed by addition of CLA-vegetable oils and CLA-lard. All kinds of fatty acids composition were decreased with CLA replacements than that of the control. Whereas linolenic acid content extremely increased by replacement of CLA-vegetable. CLA content of CLA-treatments was extremely increased than that of the control. The cohesiveness, springness, gumminess and brittleness of CLA-LD treatment was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of the other treatments. The TBARS value of all treatments were significantly increased (P<0.05) as the storage period was passed. TBARS of sausage products containing CLA-CO was the lowest. Summing up the a forementioned results, emulsion-type sausage manufacturing with CLA-vegetable oil and CLA-lard was not affected in physico-chemical properties and texture characteristics. Also, it may be assumed that the high quality sausage can be manufactured with the extent of storage period and CLA accumulation.

여대생의 트라우마와 자존감, 가족지지 및 갈등, 우울의 상관관계 연구

경유래,김영서,김주영,박은서,윤예은,이수진,조성온,주서희,황선영,Tsang Lok Yi,김석선,길민지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2019 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.53

Purpose: Precedent studies about the relationship between trauma and other variables was focused on children and middle aged women. This study however, aims to study the female college student population who are exposed to depression and low self-esteem from traumatic events of childhood and adolescence Methods: Using a descriptive correlation study design, 205 female college students attending female colleges were recruited. The instruments Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale by Jacoz&Perry(1997), Self-esteem Scale by Rosenberg(1979), Family Support &Conflict Scale by Kim, and Depression Scale by Radloff(1977) were used. The questionnaires were distributed with Google Survey online. The data w re analyzed by average, standard deviation, percentage, and t-test using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: The degree of trauma and self-esteem, family support and conflict showed negative correlation, and the degree of trauma and depression showed positive correlation. In other words, female college students with higher trauma tend to have lower self-esteem, more cognizance of family conflict, less feeling of family support, and more depression. Conclusion: This study is different in that it analyzes correlation between the degree of trauma and other variables, not the absence or frequency of trauma. This study is also meaningful as it consider the psychological changes from traumatic experience and provides the basic data for the prevention and therapeutic intervention in clinical field.

여자 대학생의 저출산에 대한 인식 : 서울 지역 중심으로

김연주,김주예,김혜,민지유,박현영,이송,이혜심,주연진,최지희,함연화,강숙정,김부연,김윤정 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2019 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.53

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the perception of low birth rate within female college students. Methods: After obtaining approval from online community and several acquaintance, data were collected from August 10 to September 11. A total of eight students participated in the study. Semi-structured in-depth interview were conducted and the data subsequently analyzed. Results: This study extracted three themes: Fragmentary perception about low birth rate limited to social level problem; Avoidance about sacrifice from delivery and Lack of effectiveness in fertility incentives of present government. Conclusion: This study is meaningful that can explore the perception about low birth rates of female college students who are the subjects of future birth. They recognize low birth rates as a social problem, but do not recognize as individual problem. In addition, this study was able to identify the participants' perception of the low birth rate. It can be suggested as meaningful opinion for some follow-up study.

한탄 바이러스 genome RNA의 packaging mechanism에 대한 연구

박근용,주명수,박찬,주영란,이호동,최규리,이점규,최우영,남재환,유정희 국립보건연구원 2000 국립보건원보 Vol.37 No.-

초음파검사시 ASME와 RCC-M CODE에 따른 결함 크기측정 및 허용기준 비교평가

주영상,김병철,임형택,이종포 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1988 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.7 No.2

The comparison and analysis of flaw detectability, flaw sizing methods and allowable criteria in accordance with the applicable codes, ASME and RCC-M Code, in ultrasonic examination of pressure vessel in nuclear power plants were studied. According to the codes, calibration blocks were made. The artificial flaws such as disc and band types in test specimens were machined. They were detected and evaluated with each code requirements and measured values were compared with the actual flaws.

종합병원 입원환자 다제병용에 관한 실태조사

주은희,김희정,서세민,이용복,고익배 한국병원약사회 1995 병원약사회지 Vol.12 No.3

According to the recent tendency of polypharmacy in clinical department, the probability of the occurrence of drug interaction and adverse effect become increased. This study on the polypharmacy was accomplished for the 1760 inpatients in Chonnam National University Hospital at one day of January, April and July in 1990, in order to obtain the available informations for the monitoring of polypharmacy-related drug interaction and side effect, on the route of drug administration, injection occupied 42.5%, the combination of internal medicine and injection 34.6%, thus these two cases 77.1%. On drug dosage form, injection occupied 83.4%, internal medicine 54% and external medicine 7.6%. The case to use 4 drugs occupied the highest value of 11.2% and the case to use 1 drug occupied 8.6%. The highest number of used drug was 28 and 90% of the patients used less than 12 drugs. The average number of used drug per patient was 6.3. The average number of used drug in surgical department was 6, in internal medical department 6.5 and in otorhinolaryngological department the highest value of 7.1. The average number of used drug in infants and pediatrics was 5.2, in 21-50 year old adults 6.2 and in above 71 year old geriatrics 6.9. As age increased, the number of used drug tended to increase. So we should make a thorough investigation of polypharmacy-related drug interaction and side effect, especially to geriatrics.

단일반응기를 이용한 생물학적 질소·인제거 특성

주충렬,최용수,김송기,이영대,윤현식,신응배 漢陽大學校 環境工學硏究所 1998 環境科學論文集 Vol.19 No.-

문헌 및 자료조사와 Bench-scale 및 Pilot-plant 실험을 통하여 개발된 Anaerobic zone, Anoxic zone, Aerobic zone과 Clarifier가 단일반응조내에 포함되어 있는 실규모의 생물학적 영양 성분제거 공정인 Single sludge reactor를 이용하여 유기물, 질소 및 인제거 특성을 평가하였다. Single sludge reactor의 실험결과를 종합하면, COD, T-N과 T-P 제거효율은 각각 89∼95%, 74∼85%, 64∼82%로 기존의 A²/O, Five-Stage Bardenpho, MUCT, VIP 공정의 일반적 영양성분 제거효율 60∼90%와 비교해 보아도 손색이 없을 정도의 제거율을 보여 Single sludge reactor는 유기물 제거 및 탈질·탈인이 모두 우수한 공정으로 평가할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한, SVI와 유출수의 SS를 이용한 침강특성 평가실험에서 SVI는 전 실험과정중 평균 85.3mL/g를 유지하여 슬러지의 침강성이 우수함을 보여주었으며, 유출수의 SS도 5.3∼12.9㎎/L의 범위를 유지하여 매우 양호한 상태를 나타냈다. Single sludge reactor는 Anaerobic zone, Anoxic zone, Aerobic zone과 Clarifier가 단일반응조에 포함되어 있기 때문에 처리장의 부지 문제 해소에 도움을 줄 수 있고 공정이 단순하여 유지관리가 용이하므로 경제성이 뛰어날 것으로 예상된다. 또한, Single sludge reactor는 대규모 오폐수 고도처리시설의 설치가 곤란한 중소규모의 집락거주지나 상수원 주변에 산재해 있는 소규모 시설에 적용할 경우 발생원에서 오폐수 고도처리가 가능하여 상수원의 부영양화를 저감시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. In this investigation, a new biological process in a full-scale single sludge reactor containing combined anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic zones and a clarifier was tested to estimated for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. From these results, the calculated removal efficiencies for COD, T-N and T-P were 89∼95%, 74∼85% and 64∼82%, respectively. These results indicate that this process can ensure nutrients removal when compared to conventional BNR processes(i.e.A²/O, Five-Stage Bardenpho, MUCT, VIP). The SVI average values for all experiments from 85.3mL/g. The effluent SS values in all experiments were less than 10㎎/L. Therefore, those surmise that the SVI and SS values mentioned above may give rise to good sludge settleability results. The proposed process does not separate the anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic zones, thus contributing together with the reduced total site space, to substantially reducing the investment costs for wastewater treatment plants. Therefore, when single sludge reactor will be adopted for wastewater treatment in small communities, it may serve as one of the potential means to reduces nutrients discharged into the receiving water bodies.

어육제품류의 기준규격 및 위해요소 중점관리방안에 관한 연구 : 어류 및 어육가공제품류의 위생적 품질지표로서의 부패성아민에 대하여 Putrefactive amines as a standpoint of sanitation of fish and fish products

이종옥,김명철,김인복,박혜경,김옥희,김연교,임성아,이근배,주현규 국립보건연구원 1994 국립보건원보 Vol.31 No.2

Conjugated Linoleic Acid(CLA) 급여기간이 계육의 CLA 함량과 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향

이정일,박구부,하정기,하영래,주선태,최병대 한국축산학회 1999 한국축산학회지 Vol.41 No.3

To investigate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)-added diet feeding on CLA accumulation and fatty acid composition of chicken, a total of 150 Bramas broiler was fed both CLA-free and CLA-added (1, 2.5 and 5%) diet for 2-8 weeks of age weeks. The CLA used to add in diet was chemically synthesized by alkaline isomerization method with safflower oil. The pH, peroxide value (POV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), cholesterol content, fatty acids composition and CLA concentration in breast and leg of chicken were measured. Samples from CLA-treated group showed higher pH and lower POV value than control group, and the both values were significantly affected by CLA levels in diet and/or feeding periods. Also the cholesterol content of meat was decreased with increasing CLA level in diet and/or feeding period. CLA was not detected in control chicken. However, the CLA concentration in meat from CLA-added diet was increased with increasing of CLA level in diet and feeding period. The highest CLA concentration in chicken breast was detected after feeding 5% CLA-added diet for 5 weeks. The fatty acid composition was changed with increasing CLA concentration in the meat that the proportion of palmitic acid was increased whereas that of linoleic acid and arachidonic acid were decreased. It was suggested that CLA could be accumulated in chicken meat by dietary CLA supplementation, and the CLA concentration and fatty acid composition in the meat could be affected by CLA level in diet and feeding period.

超音波 탐촉자 特性이 板形缺陷의 크기 評價에 미치는 影響

이종포,김병철,임형택,주영상 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1987 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.7 No.1

The effect of ultrasonic search units on the detectability and size evaluation of planar flows was studied for thicker ferritic material using the technique of the DAC curve and reference level. Cylindrical holes were used as calibration reflectors. The planar flaws such as disc and band types were machined. They were detected and evaluated with different search units and sizing criteria. The value evaluated was compared with the actual dimension of planar flaws.