생리식염수 주입에 따른 점막하층 변화의 실험적 연구

이정환,이상우,이홍식,김창덕,진윤태,최재현,엄순호,류호상,전훈재,현진해,문일환 대한소화기내시경학회 2001 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.24 No.1

The Impact of Fiscal Conservatism: A Case Study of the 2007 National Pension System Reform in Korea

Jai Seop Lee 국제금융소비자학회 2019 The International Review of Financial Consumers(IR Vol.4 No.1

This research intends to identify the influential factors in the 2007 National Pension System (NPS) reform in Korea (the Republic of Korea) which drove the NPS toward a structural transformation. This research also examines the applicability of the theory of Clemens and Cook (1999) to the Korean policy shift, who argue that the innate driving force of a policy, an internal contradiction, can be a critical source of structural policy change. A literature review based case study was carried out in this research. The findings are as follows. Firstly, rising fiscal conservatism was the main determinant of the 2007 NPS structural reform. The processes and conditions of the reform documented were: the fiscal conservatism embedded in NPS generated serious policy problems and led to an accumulation of the internal contradictions within NPS by raising the question on its fundamental policy goal. As time passed without any self-correction mechanism with respect to the problematic policy, the NPS lost credibility in the eyes of the public and also lost policy legitimacy. At the same time, there was a competing policy alternative to the NPS. This was the universalistic tax-based Basic Old-Age Pension System. This has been a challenge to NPSin that it had been designed based on the social insurance financing principle. The pre-conditions for the structural NPS reform were fully complete and they could be exploited by self-interested political parties in the following policy-making stages. Secondly, the theoretical assumption that the internal contradiction of a policy can be a decisive power for structural transformation, as suggested by Clemens and Cook (1999) among others, was proven to be theoretically and practically accurate in the Korean public pension reform case.

SNMP를 이용한 ATM망의 VPC / VCC 관리 기법

송운섭(Woon-seop Song),이길흥(Kil-heung Lee),최용훈(Yong-hoon Choi),이준호(Jun-ho Lee),강태원(Tae-won Kang),김석규(Seogyu Kim),이재용(Jai-yong Lee),이상배(Sang-bae Lee) 한국통신학회 1997 한국통신학회 공개발표회 및 토론회 Vol.1997 No.4

사염화탄소 투여 흰쥐에서 간섬유화 진행에 따른 Propranolol 의 약동학적 지표들의 변화

이민호,강주섭,강문수,윤병철,이오영,함준수,변재원,윤창옥 대한간학회 2001 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.7 No.2

Background/Aims : This study was designed to determine the effect of hepatic fibrotic severity on pharmacokinetics of propranolol in CC1q - treated rats. Methods - 1 mL/kg of 10% CC14 in olive oil was injected intramuscularly to rats twice weekly for 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks, respectively (n=6). Control (n=6) was a sham - injected equal dose of olive oil for 10 weeks. After intravenous bolus injection of 2 mg/kg propranolol to rats, the serum propranolol concentrations were analyzed for 4 hours at various time points by a HPLC - fluorimetric system, and pharmacokinetic parameters such as Co, MRT, AUC, Vdss, tl/2(p) and CLp were determined. Then, a small amount of hepatic tissue was obtained and subjected to determination of the hepatic 4 - hydroxyproline content, which confirmed the hepatic fibrotic severity. Results : The serum concentrations of propranolol at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 hours were significantly increased in CC1q-treated rats (p$lt;0.01). In proportion to the duration of CC4 treatment, Co and AUC were significantly increased, and Vdss and CLp were significantly decreased (p$lt;0.001). But MRT and t1/2(β) were not significantly changed. The hepatic 4 -hydroxyproline content was gradually increased in CC4-treated rats (p$lt;0.001). Conclusion - Gradual changes in pharmacokinetic parameters of propranolol were seen to be dependent on the hepatic fibrotic severity. We suggest that gradual dosage modification, according to their hepatic fibrotic severity, is necessary for many drugs administered to patients with chronic liver disease.(Korean J Hepatol 2001;7:181-188)

담낭에 발생한 전장낭 1예

이진헌,김학양,유재영,김주섭,김용범,김재삼,허관석,송홍석 대한소화기학회 2000 대한소화기학회지 Vol.36 No.2

During the early embryonal stage of foregut development, malformations may be encountered. Foregut duplications are considered to be developed due to abnormal cannulization of the gastrointestinal tract. It may be communicating or non-communicating, and cystic or tubular. They are lined by mucosal membrane and subdivided into bronchogenic, esophageal, gastroenteric or ciliated hepatic cysts. We encountered a case of foregut cyst of gallbladder in pulmonary tuberculosis patient incidentally. The patient was a 37-year-old female complaining of nausea. Physical examination revealed no abnormal findings, but abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated small cystic mass in gallbladder. On endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, we found a filling defect of gallbladder which looked compressed externally. Abdominal computed tomography scan revealed 1 cm sized intramural cystic mass on the fundus of gallbladder. At laparotomy, 5×4×0.5 cm sized gallbladder was excised and it had greenish colored and soft surface.t also revealed 1.5×1.5 cm sized cyst. Pathology showed a cystic mass containing bronchial mucosa lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium and underlying smooth muscle layers.

Cerebral-perfusion-based single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) staging using NeuroGam® in patients with moyamoya disease

Han, Jai-Hyuck,Park, Young Seok,Lee, Won Hyoung,Koong, Sung-Soo,Min, Kyung-Soo,Lee, Mou-Seop,Kim, Young-Gyu,Kim, Dong-Ho,Yi, Kyung-Sil,Cha, Sang-Hoon Springer-Verlag 2016 Child's nervous system Vol. No.

<P>Cerebral angiography (CA) is the gold standard for moyamoya disease (MMD) staging and diagnosis, but CA findings are not well correlated with clinical symptoms. The purpose of this study was to establish novel cerebral-perfusion-based staging for MMD that is well correlated with clinical symptoms. From 2010 to 2015, regional cerebrovascular reserve (rCVR) was examined by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using NeuroGamA (R) (Segamicorp, Houston, TX, USA) in 30 patients (17 women, 13 men; 60 hemispheres; mean 42.0 years old [range 5-60 years old]) with MMD, which was diagnosed by CA and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Brain CT or brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate neurological conditions such as transient ischemic attack (TIA), cerebral hemorrhage, and cerebral infarction. A novel staging system for MMD was developed by combining findings from CA, MRI, and SPECT with NeuroGamA (R). Our novel staging system was strongly associated with clinical symptoms. Twenty-two hemispheres out of 60 were categorized as stage I, 24 hemispheres were categorized as stage II, and 14 hemispheres were categorized as stage III. Hemispheres with higher scores exhibited a higher incidence of clinical symptoms. These findings indicate that cerebral-perfusion-based staging is predictive of MMD clinical symptoms. Perfusion-based SPECT staging correlates well with clinical symptoms and may be a reliable alternative to the Suzuki staging by CA.</P>

고 선량율 감마선 조사에 따른 렌즈의 열화

조재완(Jai-Wan Cho),이준구(Joon-Koo Lee),허섭(Seop Hur),구인수(In-Soo Koo),홍석붕(Seok-Boong Hong) 대한전기학회 2009 전기학회논문지 Vol.58 No.7

Assumed that an IPTV camera system is to be used as an ad-hoc sensor for the surveillance and diagnostics of safety-critical equipments installed in the in-containment building of the nuclear power plant, an major problem is the presence of high dose-rate gamma irradiation fields inside the one. In order to uses an IPTV camera in such intense gamma radiation environment of the in-containment building, the radiation-weakened devices including a CCD imaging sensor, FPGA, ASIC and microprocessors are to be properly shielded from high dose-rate gamma radiation using the high-density material, lead or tungsten. But the passive elements such as mirror, lens and window, which are placed in the optical path of the CCD imaging sensor, are exposed to a high dose-rate gamma ray source directly. So, the gamma-ray irradiation characteristics of the passive elements, is needed to test. A CCD camera lens, made of glass material, have been gamma irradiated at the dose rate of 4.2 kGy/h during an hour up to a total dose of 4 kGy. The radiation induced color-center in the glass lens is observed. The degradation performance of the gamma irradiated lens is explained using an color component analysis.

피로골절 환자에서 골주사 소견과 방사선 소견의 비교

김재영,강성구,이권전,고광섭,김소연 대한핵의학회 1987 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.21 No.1

The stress fracture is a disease caused by and abnormal stress to the normal bone with constant, repeated pull. Early detection of stress fracture plays an important role in treatment and prevention of its complication. Bone scintigraphy was performed to evaluate 18 patients with stress fracture of the lower extremities from May, 1985 to April, 1987, in the Department of Internal Medicine of National Police Hospital. The results were as follows: 1) Seventeen of the 18 cases showed positive bone scans at the initial study performed from 1 week to 5 months after the onset of symtom. 2) Ten of the18 patients had findings of stress fracture at the initial X-ray film. Two out of 8 negative case revealed positive findings in the follow-up studies. 3) The bone scans in the 2 cases taken 5 months after the onset of symtom; the one showed only slightly increased radiouptake, the other showed no abnormal findings. In conclusion, bone scanning is a more sensitive indicator of early stress fracture than radiologic study, The healing phase is characterized by a gradual decline in radioactivity at the fracture site in concordance with subsidence of symptom.

Dose Response Assessment of Ethyl Formate and Phosphine on Three Aphid Species in Fruit and Vegetable Commodities

Myeong-Seop Kim,Jeong-Oh Yang,Bong-Su Kim,Eul-Jai Myung,Byung-Ho Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.04

Aphids are common pests frequently found in imported and exported fruits and vegetables. Methyl bromide(MB), a Quarantine and Pre Shipment(QPS) fumigant, could offer eradication of aphids within short period. However, MB is limited in use because of poor gas evaporation at low temperature(<5℃) and there is phytotoxic effect or damage on quality in post-harvest vegetables and fruits even at >5℃. Two candidates of MB alternative, ethyl formate(EF) and phosphine(PH3), are used and being investig at edonvarious fruits and vegetables fumigation to replace MB. Aphids are known as quarantine pest that are hard to control when conduct short period fumigation with PH3 and low dosage of EF. In this paper, dose response assessment of EF and PH3 are presented for three different aphid pecies : cotton aphid(Aphisgossypii), green peach aphid(Myzuspersicae) and turnip aphid (Lipaphiserysimi). The LCt99% values of EF at room temp. and low temp. (5℃) were 4.42 and 4.45 g·h·m-3 for cotton aphid, 3.23 and 5.58 g·h·m-3 for turnip aphid, 3.23 and 5.58 g·h·m-3 for green peach aphid when 2-hours fumigation. PH3 showed 0% efficacy on all species when 2-hours fumigation.

원전 극한 환경적용을 위한 필드버스 통신망 요건

조재완(Jai Wan Cho),이준구(Joon-Koo Lee),허섭(Seop Hur),구인수(In Soo Koo),홍석붕(Seok-Boong Hong) 한국IT서비스학회 2009 한국IT서비스학회지 Vol.8 No.2

As the result of the rapid development of IT technology, an on-line diagnostic system using the fieldbus communication network coupled with a smart sensor module will be widely used at the nuclear power plant in the near future. The smart sensor system is very useful for the prompt understanding of abnormal state of the key equipments installed in the nuclear power plant. In this paper, it is assumed that a smart sensor system based on the fieldbus communication network for the surveillance and diagnostics of safety-critical equipments will be installed in the harsh-environment of the nuclear power plant. It means that the key components of fieldbus communication system including microprocessor, FPGA, and ASIC devices, are to be installed in the RPV(reactor pressure vessel) and the RCS(reactor coolant system) area, which is the area of a high dose-rate gamma irradiation fields. Gamma radiation constraints for the DBA(design basis accident) qualification of the RTD sensor installed in the harsh environment of nuclear power plant, are typically on the order of 4kGy/h. In order to use a fieldbus communication network as an ad-hoc diagnostics sensor network in the vicinity of the RCS pump area of the nuclear power plant, the robust survivability of IT-based micro-electronic components in such intense gamma-radiation fields therefore should be verified. An intelligent CCD camera system, which are composed of advanced micro-electronics devices based on IT technology, have been gamma irradiated at the dose rate of about 4.2kGy/h during an hour up to a total dose of 4 kGy. The degradation performance of the gamma irradiated CCD camera system is explained.