폐수슬러지를 혼입한 콘크리트의 재료특성 및 강도특성

홍기호,하상훈,김정규,어석홍 國立 昌原大學校 產業技術硏究院 2004 産技硏論文集 Vol.18 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the material characteristics and strength properties of concrete mixed with wastewater sludge, and to evaluate the leaching of environmentally harmful heavy metals from the wastewater sludge itself and from hardened concrete mixed with wastewater sludge. For this purpose, a reference mix with W/C ratio of 0.45 was used and the replacement proportion of wastewater sludge was varied with ratios of 0, 30, 50, 70 and 100% by volume of coarse aggregate in the reference mix. The variations of compressive and splitting tensile strength, workability and unit weight of concrete were considered. Test results showed that the strengths and unit weight decreased with increase in proportion of wastewater sludge replaced, but workability increased. Leaching test results showed that there would be no environmentally harmful problem from using wastewater as substitutes of coarse aggregates in concrete.

쓰레기 소각재를 잔골재로 혼합한 콘크리트의 기초적 물성연구

홍기호,하상훈,김정규,어석홍 國立 昌原大學校 產業技術硏究院 2004 産技硏論文集 Vol.18 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the material characteristics and strength properties of concrete mixed with waste incinerated bottom ash(BA), and to evaluate the leaching of environmentally harmful heavy metals from the bottom ash itself and from hardened concrete mixed with bottom ash. For this purpose, two reference mixed with W/C ratio of 0.45 and 0.55 were used, and the replacement proportion of BA was varied with ratios of 0, 30, 50, 70 and 100% by volume of fine aggregate in the reference mixes. The variation of compressive and splitting tensile strength, workability and unit weight of concrete were considered. Test results showed that the strengths, workability and unit weight decreased with increase in proportion of BA replaced. Leaching test results showed that there would be no environmentally harmful problem from using BA as substitutes of fine aggregates in concrete.

信號의 特性을 利用한 벡터 量子化에 關한 硏究

하석원,윤석현,홍광석 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1996 論文集 Vol.47 No.2

In this paper, we have proposed a VQ algorithm which quantize feature vector of speech signal using a generating order. The proposed algorithm inspect which codeword follows present codeword and add new index to established codebook, when quantizer is mapping speech signal. We present a variable bit rate for new codebook, and propose efficient compression way of information. In this way , the number of computation and the number of codewords to be searched is reduced dramatically. The performance of the proposed VQ algorithm is evaluated by spectrum distortion measure and bit rate. The obtained spetrum distortion is reduced about 0.149[dB] and the bit rate is saved over 1 bit/ frame.

재발한 가와사끼병(Kawasaki disease) 1례

길홍량,한헌석,하태선,이경희,박범수 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 1995 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.5 No.1

가와사끼병은 5세 미만의 영유아에서 호발하는 급성 전신성 혈관염으로 아직 원인이 밝혀지지는 않았으나 감염성질환 또는 자가면역질환 등으로 추정되고 있다. 1967년 일본의 Tomisaku Kawasaki에 의해 처음 보고되었으며 국내에서도 많은 증례보고가 있어왔다. 가와사끼병은 발열, 발진, 안결막 충혈, 사지말단의 변화, 구강과 입술의 변화, 경부 림프선증 등을 특징으로 하며, 치료로는 면역글로블린의 대량 정주요법과 아스피린이 사용되고 있으며 합병증에는 관상동맥류를 비롯한 심혈관질환이 있고 이로 인한 사망율이 1-2%정도인 것으로 보고되고 있다. 이 질환의 재발은 드문 것으로 되어 있고 일본의 한 보고에 의하면 2-3%로 추정된다. 환아는 6세 남아로 14개월 전 처음 가와사끼병으로 진단받고 감마글로블린과 아스피린을 투약 받았고 당시 심혈관질환은 없었으며 본원 내원시에는 발열, 발진, 안결막 충혈, 붉고 갈라진 입술, 좌측 림프선병증과 손, 발의 부종이 있어 가와사끼병의 진단기준을 만족하였다. 환아는 역시 감마글로블린과 아스피린으로 치료받고 증세가 호전되었으며, 심초음파 검사상 관상동맥의 확장이나 관상동맥류의 증거는 없었다. 저자들은 가와사끼병의 재발 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Kawasaki disease, acute systemic vasculitis, that usually occurs in infant and young children. The etiology is unknown, but is supposed to be infectious disease or autoimmune disease. Kawasaki disease was first reprted by Tomisaku Kawasaki at 1967 and then many cases have been reported in Korea. Kawasaki disease was characterized by fever, rash, conjunctival injection, changes of extremities, changes of oral cavity and lips, lymphadenopathy and has been treated with intravenous gammaglobulin and aspirin. The complications are cardiovascular lesions including coronary aneurysm and coronary thrombosis. Mortality is approximately 1-2%. Recurrence is rare and 2-3% in Japanese reports. A 6-year-old boy presented with the fever, rash, conjunctivitis, red fissured lips, left lymphadenapathy, and hands and feet edema. He had been treated with intravenous gammaglobulin and aspirin for Kawasaki disease 14 months ago. At that time, he didn't have cardiovascular lesion. He was also treated with intravenous gammaglobulin and aspirin at this episode. We didn't detect coronary artery dilatation or coronary aneurysm. So, authors report a case of recurrent Kawasaki disease.

배관 검사용 Radiometric Scanning System 제작 및 시험

김용균,홍석붕,정종은,이정기,이윤호,정용하 한국비파괴검사학회 2002 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.22 No.5

필름을 사용하지 않는 방사선투과검사 시스템인 1차원 Radiometric scanning system을 개발하여 부식 및 침적물이 있는 배관의 두께평가에 적용해 보았다. 개발된 시스템은 단일 방사성 동위원소에서 나오는 방사선을 선형으로 접속하여 시험체를 투과시킨 방사선을 한개의 섬광형 검출기인 BGO를 사용하여 검출하는 single source - single detector alignment system을 제어하는 기계주사 시스템과 제어 프로그램을 개발하였다. 개발된 시스템의 성능을 GEANT4 프로그램을 사용하여 예측하여 보았다. 그리고, 인공결함을 제작하여 넣은 시편과 두께 변화를 준 시편에 적용하여 실제 성능을 평가하였다. 이 시스템은 방사성 동위원소를 이용하여 배관의 부식과 침적물에 의한 두께 변화에 대하여 실시간으로 필름을 사용하지 않고 평가할 수 있는 가능성을 알 수 있었다. One dimensional Radiometric scanning was fabricated and tested as a filmless radiographic inspection system, which could be applied to the evaluation of the corrosion and deposits in the pipeline. This system is composed of the single radioactive source of the collimated focusing beam, and single scintillation detector of BGO, and the mechanical scanning system to transport and align the source and detector, and the operating software to automatically control the mechanical scan system. The performance of the system was simulated using GEANT4 software. This system is applied to one specimen having an artificial flaw(flat bottom hole) in the pipe and other specimen with thickness variation. For the inspection by using the radioactive source in the pipeline, it is possible to evaluate the corrosion and deposits in real time and without film.

PCR을 이용한 Rat 기관지 세척액에서의 Pneumocystis carinii DNA의 검출 : 기초실험 A pilot study

김주옥,홍석철,한표성,이종진,김선영,이영하,신대환 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1994 충남의대잡지 Vol.21 No.1

Background: Pneumocystis carinii (PC) is a opportunistic pathogen causing serious pneumonia (Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia : PCP) in immunosuppressed patients including AIDS. Laboratory diagnosis of PCP is dependent on microscopic demonstration of the PC by using cytochemical staining or by immunocytochemical staining with monoclonal antibodies. However, these staining methods are not highly sensitive. The development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has made it possible to detect very small numbers of pathogens in clinical specimens. To establish the usefulness of PCR for detection of PC DNA, We performed PCR as a pilot study. Methods: PCP was induced on Spraque-Dawley rats with prednisolone 5mg IM twice a week. Bronchial lavages, impression smears, and permanent sections were performed from the 3rd week to 7th week of cortisonized rats. PC DNA was extracted with bead beater / 10% CTAB method. Results: Impression smears showed PC cyst after the 4th week (100%, 28/28 rats), and permanent sections showed 27/28 rats. Control rats showed some PC cysts (2/7). PCR result was positive only one case among the 6th week rats (1/7), But positive 6 cases at the 7th week rats, (6/7). Among control rats. 2 cases were positive (2/7). ??This data is a pilot study for the PC DNA detection using a PCR. PCP were successfully cortisonized rats. If adequate bronchial washing technique will be used, PCR can be a sensitive for PC DNA detection.

델타변조방식을 이용한 전류형 능동필터의 PWM 신호 발생

김한성,김홍성,최규하,신우석 建國大學校 附設 産業技術硏究所 1993 논문집 Vol.18 No.-

The Delta-Modulation(DM) techniques have been used up to now for both UPS and AC motor drives, which have the advantages of simple circuit, fast response, and insensitivity to load variation and other disturbances. In this paper, the DM techniques are adopted to obtain PWM control signals for active power filters. In the design of delta modluator, the decision of break frequency is the most important, particularly for active power filter application. Both digital simulation and simple experiment are performed to investigate the characteristics of the delta modulator proposed.

항파상풍 톡소이드 주사후 항파상풍 항체 역가

이한식,하영록,구홍두,장석준,심호식,김승환,이정운 대한응급의학회 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Objective : Tetanus decreased in prevalence since the systemic vaccination began in 1940s. Despite of the improvement in treatment like critical care with ventilatior or antibiotics, the mortality rate resides around 45%. Currently the tetanus prevention protocol recommends immunization in infancy and boosters every tenth years. Thereafter the immunization with toxoid only or toxoid plus immunoglobulin injections is recommended according to the type of injury. In most of ED in Korea, only tetanus immunoglobulin is given without any basis. Previously we proved the effect that passive immunization with the immunoglubulin 250 IU last long for only a month. At this time we measured the effect of the active immunization with toxoid and its effect was compared to the effect of the tetanus immunoglobulin to find out the logical tetanus prevention after an injury. Method: 20 healthy adult volunteers were injected with tetanus toxoid and their anti-tetanus antibody titers measured before the injection, 1 week and 4 weeks after the inection. No volunteers have taken any medication for chronic illness(e.g. hepatits, tuberculosis) or had an tetanus immunization or booster in the last 6 months. Antibody titers were measured by IMMUNOZYM??-TETANUS and t-test was performed on the results, Results: 1. Total 20 volunteers(12 males and 8 females) were participated. 2. Subjects` ages were 21 to 44 years old and there were no relevance to the antibody titer. 3. The antibody titers of before the anti-tetanus toxoid injection and 1 week, 4 weeks after the injection revealed significant difference and the antibody titers of the first and the forth week after the injection also showed a significant difference. Conclusion: Currently in Korea, the tetenus immunoglobulin 250 IU given alone as tetanus prevention was injected, but it did not elevate the anti-tetanus antibody titer for 4 weeks where as tetanus toxoid injected intramuscularly did significantly. Therefore, tetanus toxoid should be given on the dirty injuries with additional tetanus immunoglobulin injection to accomplish the correct method of tetanus, tetanus toxoid prevention.

지지막을 이용하는 액막 추출기 내에서 아연 이온의 이동

주창식,이석희,이민규,홍성수,하홍두,정석기 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.2

For the purpose of development of a liquid membrane permeator which separates metal ions from aqueous solutions continuously and effectively, a continuous membrane permeator with the membrane solution trapped between extraction and stripping phases by two micro-porous hydrophilic films was manufactured. Experimental researches on the separation of zinc ion from aqueous solutions were performed in the liquid membrane permeator with 30 vol % D_2EHPA solution in kerosine as liquid membrane. As results, the liquid membrane permeator separates zinc ion from aqueous solutions continuously and effectively in the wide range of operating conditions. A simple mass transfer rate model using equilibrium constant of the extraction reaction for the system used were proposed, and the model was compared with experimental results of separation of zinc ion in the permeator. And the effects of operating factors, such as space time, pH of extraction solution, extraction temperature, on the separation rate of zinc ion in the permeator were experimentally examined.

Squalene Adjuvant를 이용한 단백질 항원의 세포성 면역반응 유도

도현주,김성열,안종성,하영주,이승찬,오재택,장명호,정홍석,문홍모,박해준 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.3

To investigate the role of adjuvant for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) induction, squalene-based adjuvant was studied its capability eliciting to the induction of cellular immunity as well as humoral immunity to exogeneous proteins. Ovalbumin (OVA) was used as model proteins. It was demonstrated that antigen formulation consisted of metabolizable oil squalene mixed with Tween 80 and pluronic L121 (S/TJ121) could induced the antigen specific CTL responses and antibodies irrespective of immunization routes in mice. We also demonstrated that this antigen formulation was a inducer of CD8+, major histocompatibility complex(MHC) class I-restricted, and antigen-specific C;1'Ls. These data suggest that the squalene-based emulsion system is a potent adjuvant inducing cellular immunity as well as humoral immunity.