뉴로 컴퓨팅 시스템 시뮬레이션 언어 개발 및 응용환경의 구축

홍규완,김정수,이수동 울산대학교 1995 공학연구논문집 Vol.26 No.1

대부분의 신경망 시뮬레이션 프로그램은 기존의 언어(C,PASCAL,FORTRAN등)로 구현되었다. 기존의 언어들은 신경망구조와 신경망의 동적행위를 제어하는 데 적합한 자료구조와 문장들을 가지고 있지 않기 때문에 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 작성하거나 모델의 변경에 어려움이 많다. 본 논문에서는 신경망 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 작성하는데 적합한 언어를 설계하였다. 특히 제안된 언어는 신경망 구조를 쉽게 표현할 수 있고 신경망의 동작행위를 효율적으로 기술하기 위하여 층마크로 정의 개념을 도입하였다. 언어는 두개의 DIVISION으로 구성되었다. 하나는 망구조를 기술하기 위한 NETWORK STRUCTURE DIVISION이고 다른 하나는 신경망의 행위를 제어하는 PROCEDURE DIVISION이다. Most of neural network simulation programs have been implemented with the conventional computer languages. It is difficult to implement simulation programs and is various to build neural network, because the languages have not data structures and statements suitable for expressing neural network structures and controlling neural behaviors. This paper describes a neural network simulation language, specifically designed for the development and modeling of neural network applications. It has a layer macro definition concept to express the arbitrary network structures and dynamic neural behaviors easily. It consists of the two divisions. First division describes the network structures. Second division controls the network behaviors.

분산 네트워크 환경에서 이동에이전트 보호기법

윤홍상,최완규,정문재 광주대학교 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.15 No.-

인터넷의 급속한 보급을 기반으로 전자상거래가 활발하게 이루어지면서 이동에이전트에 대한 관심도 매우 높아지고 있다. 이동에이전트는 이를 활용하는 목적 및 분야에 따라 그 개념은 크게 달라질 수 있다. 하지만 이동에이전트와 관련된 보안에 관한 문제는 이를 이용하는 분야를 떠나서 사용자들에게 매우 큰 부담으로 남아있다. 특히 EC/EDI 분야에서 에이전트 보안은 매우 중요한 부분이라고 할 수 있다. 그러므로 인터넷과 같은 분산 개방형 네트워크 환경에서 자유롭게 이동하면서 정보를 검색, 전달하는 이동에이전트에 의한 개인의 정보 및 재산을 보호하기 위한 제어는 매우 중요한 부분이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 옳지 못한 목적을 가진 에이전트 서로로부터 에이전트를 보호하고 또한 악의를 가지고 서버에 접근하는 에이전트로부터 중요한 자원을 보호할 수 있는 기법을 제시한다. In the resent years, the term mobile agent is probably one of the most overused words in many appliable areas of distributed open systems as electronic commerce and electronic data interchange, and it has very different meanings in the area of artificial intelligence, network management, or distributed systems. However, the use of mobile agent adds significant problems, primarily in the area of EC/EDI. Therefore it is very important to control the roaming agents to keep one's privacy or property in distributed open networks. In this paper, we introduce a mechanism to protect mobile agent itself from the malicious server he is visiting and also we introduce a mechanism to protect vital resources of the open systems as internet.

骨多孔症의 定義와 生活 속에서의 豫防方法

梁点紅,李鍾玩,李貞和 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1995 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The osteoporosis is the bone disease that causes women and the elderly to suffer from low back pain and easily affected bone fracture. Following the tendency of becoming aged, it becomes a kind of disease that we must notice together with senile dementia. Although we have not made correct nationwide epidemiological survey till now, the patients of bone fracture caused by osteoporosis have been increased yearly. Therefore physical education will play an important role in preventing and curing osteoporosis in dailly life. The complications such as the fracture of neck of femur, serious illness, vertebral deformation and etc, which are caused by osteoporosis, do much harm to daily life. Also the limit of behavior and bed state bring about senile dementia, malnutrition, partial absorption, blood clot and etc. Since the aim of curing osteoporosis is to prevent bone fracture, especially femur, it is more important to decrease the rate of bone fracture than to increase bone mass. The bone fracture is supposed to be occur because of fall and so physical activity(exercise therapy) is more important than any other thing as preventive method. Along with this, sufficient Ca. must be supplied. It is difficult to recover lost bone mass, and we have to examine and got rid of the risk factors of bone losers. Prior prevention of decrease of rapid bone mass and regular examination of his own bone mass is a kind of good methods preventing osteoporosis.

화농성 슬관절염이 동반된 수막구균성 수막염 1예

김태연,유진홍,박성환,김연식,임상현,신완식,강문원,정창훈,최문구,강지민 대한화학요법학회 1997 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.15 No.2

저자들은 최근 화농성 슬관절염과 병발한 수막구균성 수막염 1예를 체험하였고, 이는 국내에서 아직 보고되지 않은 드문 예로 사료되어 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. We recently experienced a case of meningococcal meningitis associated with pyogenic arthritis in a 37-year old male patient. Pyogenic arthritis developed in right knee joint during treatment for meningococcal meningitis. He was treated successfully by appropriate antibiotics and arthroscopic irrigation. To our knowledge, such a rare case has not ever been reported in Korea, Hence we report this case with a review of related literatures.

유명산의 식물상 및 산림군락분류에 관한 연구

김흥식,김인수,홍금희,김남영,박광서,김정유,박완근 江原大學校 森林科學硏究所 2003 Journal of Forest Science Vol.19 No.-

2002년 3월부터 2003년 10월까지 유명산 자연휴양림을 대상으로 식물상과 산림군락구조를 조사한 결과, 관속식물이 98과 331속 570종 1아종 81변종 4품종 2교잡종으로 총 658종류로 나타났으며, 한국특산식물은 10과 14속 13종 2변종 1교잡종 총 16종류. 희귀 및 멸종위기식물은 9과 10속 11종 총 11종류, 귀화식물은 12과 22속 28종 총 28종류로 나타났다. 산림군락은 신갈나무-철쭉군목, 신갈나무-생강나무군단, 소나무-산거울군락, 잣나무-주름조개풀군락, 물푸레나무-신갈나무군락, 층층나무-신갈나무군락, 굴참나무-신갈나무군락, 싸리-신갈나무군락으로 전체 1군목, 1군단, 6군락이 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. The study was carried out to investigate the flora and community classification of forest vegetation in Mt. Yumyeong from March, 2002 to October, 2003. As a result of that, the vascular plants were 98 families, 331 genera, 570 species. 1 subspecies, 81 varieties, 4 formae, 2 hybrid, 658 taxa in all. Korean endemic plants were 10 families, 14 genera, 13 species, 2 variaties, 1 hybrid. 16 taxa in all ;, rare and endangered plants were 9 families, 10 genera. 11 species, 11 taxa in all ; naturalized plants were 12 families, 22 genera, 28 species, 28 taxa in all. The forest vegetation was classified into 1 order, 1 alliance. 6 communities : Rhododendro - Quercetalia mongolicae (Kim, 1990) Lindero - Quercion mongolicae (Kim, 1990) A. Carex humilis var. nana - Pinus densiflora Community B. Oplismenus undulatifolius - Pinus koraiensis Community C. Fraxinius rhynchophylla - Quercus mongolica Community D. Cornus controversa - Quercus mongolica Community E. Quercus variabilis - Quercus mongolica Community F. Lespedeza bicolor - Quercus mongolica Community

運動時 心拍數와 身體造成 要因과의 關係分析

朴秀一,姜珍烘,劉德時,金正完 慶尙大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.25 No.2

The aims of this study were directed at analyzing the intorrelations between beart rates, body compositions and cardiovascular functions of men and determining multiregression equations to examine the spending time to reach the heart rates of 150beats/min and 170beats/min. For the purpose of this sturdy, Bicycle ergometer were utilized to examine heart rates of individuals and Treadmill were using to get individual index of cadio-respiratory functions. The conclusion. 1. There were significant positive correlation between Body weight and body surface area. 2. There were significant negative correlation(p<.01) between Vo2 max and VE max. 3. There were significant negative correlation(p<.05) between Maximum respiratory rate and maximum tidal volume. 4. The spending time to be reached at 150beats/min were presented to be significant negative correlation with body surface area and maxmum oxygen removal. 5. The spending time to be reached at 170beats/min were presented to be significant regative correlation with under water-weight and maximum oxygen-intake. 6. Multiregression equation for prodictrng the spending time to be reached at 150beats/min and 170beats/min were as follows. A. 150beats time = 15.8163-4.8587×under water-weight+0.1403×oxygen removal max. B. 170beats/min time = 10.5244-0.1334×body weight+5.5637×under wate-weight+11.8603×body surface area+0.1061×oxygen removal max.

Lidocaine, Thrombin, Epinephrine 의 항균효과

김진우,이동건,전혜선,김승준,김석찬,안중현,김치홍,권순석,김영균,김관형,문화식,신완식,송정섭,박성학 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6

목적 : 기관지내시경 검사에서 흔히 사용되는 국소마취제인 lidocaine과 내시경시 지혈목적으로 사용되는 thrombin과 epinephrine이 각종 균주에 미치는 항균효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 균주는 가톨릭대학교 성모병원에서 2004년 3월부터 2004년 9월까지 임상검체 에서 동정된 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 각각 42, 42, 42, 43주를 대상으로 하였다. Lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 감수성 검사는 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2002)의 기준에 따랐다. 결과 : Lidocaine은 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa에서 MIC_(50), MIC_(90) 모두 20,000 ㎍/mL 이었다. K. pneumoniae는 각각 10,000 ㎍/mL이었다. Thrombin은 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에서 MIC50 500 lU/mL 과 MIC_(90) 500 IU/mL 이상이었고, K. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)이 모두 500 lU/mL이상이었으나 S. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)은 125 IU/mL이었다. Epinephrine은 K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 >500 ㎍/mL이었고, S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 500 ㎍/mL이었다. 결론 : 기관지 내시경 검사에서 흔히 쓰이는 lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 등의 약제들이 호흡기 질환의 흔한 병원균인 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 균주들에 대해 항균 효과가 있을 수 있어 세균배양검사에 영향을 미칠 수 있겠다. Background : We performed this stody to find out about antimicrobial effect of lidocaine which is commonly used local anesthetic, and thrombin and epinephrine used for hemostasis during bronchoscopic procedures. Materials and Methods : The microorganisms that were cultured from specimens obtained during bronchoscopy were Staphylococcus aureus (n=42), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=42), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=42), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=43) collected from St. Mary's Hospital, from March to Sep 2004 were used for susceptibity testing. Susceptibility to lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine were tested according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Result : MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of lidocaine for S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa were all 20,000 ㎍/mL and that for K. pneumoniae were 10,000 ㎍/mL. MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of thrombin for both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was 500 IU/mL and above 500 IU/mL, respectively; that for K. pneumoniae were all above 500 IU/mL and for S. pneumoniae they were 125 IU/mL, MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of epinephrine for K. pneumoniae and S. pneumoniae were above 500 ㎍/mL; that for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 500 ㎍/mL. Conclusion : We observed possible antimicrobial effect of lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine in vitro against pathogens such as S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, which are common respiratory microorganisms. The use of these agants could affect the result of bacterial culture.

Induction of apoptosis by KI0477959 through activation of caspase-3 in human leukemia cell line, HL-60 cells.

Jeong, Hyun-Ja,Lee, Ju-Young,Kim, Joon-Bae,Go, Hoyeon,Ko, Seong-Gyu,Seo, Young-Wan,Jeong, Sejin,Park, Jinhan,Na, Ho-Jeong,Um, Jae-Young,Kim, Hyung-Min,Hong, Seung-Heon Gordon and Breach 2008 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE - Vol.118 No.10

<P>KI0477959 (Herbkines) has been used for the purpose of development of physical strength in wasting diseases, like cancer. In the present study, apoptosis-inducing activities of butanol fraction of KI0477959 were studied in human leukemia cell line, HL-60 cells. KI0477959 increased cytotoxicity but had less effect on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. KI0477959-induced apoptosis was accompanied by activation of caspase-3 and specific proteolytic cleavage of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase. Increased apoptosis was reduced by treatment with p38 and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) inhibitors. These results suggest that KI0477959 induces apoptosis through activation of caspase-3, p38, and ERK in HL-60 cells.</P>

Chemosensitizing effect of podophyllotoxin acetate on topoisomerase inhibitors leads to synergistic enhancement of lung cancer cell apoptosis

HONG, WAN GI,CHO, JEONG HYUN,HWANG, SANG-GU,LEE, EUNAH,LEE, JAESEOK,KIM, JONG-IL,UM, HONG-DUCK,PARK, JONG KUK Lychnia 2016 International journal of oncology Vol.48 No.6

<P>Podophyllotoxin acetate (PA) acts as a radiosensitizer against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>. In this study, we examined its potential role as a chemosensitizer in conjunction with the topoisomerase inhibitors etoposide (Eto) and camptothecin (Cpt). The effects of combinations of PA and Eto/Cpt were examined with CompuSyn software in two NSCLC cell lines, A549 and NCI-H1299. Combination index (CI) values indicated synergistic effects of PA and the topoisomerase inhibitors. The intracellular mechanism underlying synergism was further determined using propidium iodide uptake, immunoblotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Combination of PA with Eto/Cpt promoted disruption of the dynamics of actin filaments, leading to subsequent enhancement of apoptotic cell death via induction of caspase-3, -8, and -9, accompanied by increased phosphorylation of p38. Conversely, suppression of p38 phosphorylation blocked the apoptotic effect of the drug combinations. Notably, CREB-1, a transcription factor, was constitutively activated in both cell types, and synergistically inhibited upon combination treatment. Our results collectively indicate that PA functions as a chemosensitizer by enhancing apoptosis through activation of the p38/caspase axis and suppression of CREB-1.</P>

Artificial Mutation for Silkworm Molecular Breeding Using Gene Scissors

Jeong Won Hong(홍정원),Chan Young Jeong(정찬영),Jeong Hee Yu(유정희),Su-Bae Kim(김수배),Sang Kuk Kang(강상국),Seong-Wan Kim(김성완),Nam-Suk Kim(김남숙),Kee Young Kim(김기영),Jong Woo Park(박종우) 한국생명과학회 2020 생명과학회지 Vol.30 No.8

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated protein (Cas)9을 이용하는 유전자 가위 기술은 미래 육종 기술로서 주목받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 3세대 유전자 가위 CRISPR/Cas9을 이용한 누에 kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) 유전자 편집을 통한 돌연변이 유발 및 선택 교배를 통하여 유전자의 세대간 전달을 분석하고자 하였다. 유전자 편집을 위하여 누에의 KMO 유전자에 대한 3종의 가이드 RNA를 제작하고, 제작된 gRNA는 Cas9 단백질과 복합체를 형성시켜 누에 세포주(BM-N)에 도입 후 T7 endonucleaseI 분석을 수행하여 최적의 gRNA를 선발하였다. 선발된 K1N gRNA는 누에 유전자를 편집하기 위하여 Cas9 단백질과 복합체를 형성시킨 후 누에 초가 배아에 미세주사하고 사육하였다. 미세주사 후 부화율은 18% 가량으로 낮게 나타났으나 생존한 개체 중 돌연변이 발생율은 60% 이상으로 비교적 높게 나타났다. 돌연변이가 발생된 G0세대의 KMO 유전자는 이형접합자 형태로 나타났으며, 표현형의 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 하지만 형접합자들 사이의 근친 교배에 의해 탄생한 G1세대 돌연변이에서는 일부에서 알과 눈의 색 변화가 확인되었으며, 변이가 확인된 개체들사이의 근친교배를 통해 생산된 G2세대에서는 모든 개체에서 표현형의 변화가 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 비추어 볼 때, 유전자 가위를 이용한 돌연변이 육종에는 한계가 있으나 전통 교배 육종과 융합을 통하여 육종 기간을 비약적으로 단축시킬 수 있는 곤충 육종 기술로 발전가능성이 높다고 판단된다. Gene editing technology using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) and the CRISPR associated protein (Cas)9 has been highly anticipated in developing breeding techniques. In this study, we discuss gene scissors as a tool for silkworm molecular breeding through analysis of Bombyx mori Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase (BmKMO) gene editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and analysis of generational transmission through mutagenesis and selective crossing. The nucleotide sequence of the BmKMO gene was analyzed, and three guide RNAs (gRNAs) were prepared. Each synthesized gRNA was combined with Cas9 protein and then analyzed by T7 endonuclease I after introduction into the BM-N silkworm cell line. To edit the silkworm gene, K1P gRNA and Cas9 complexes were subsequently microinjected into the silkworm embryos; the hatching rate was 18% and the incidence of mutation was 60%. The gene mutation was verified in the heterozygous G0 generation, but no phenotypic change was observed. In homozygotes generated by self-crossing, a mutant phenotype was observed. These results suggest that silkworm molecular breeding using the CRISPR/ Cas9 system is possible and could be an effective way of shortening the time required.