현대패션에 표현된 스트라이프패턴의 이미지 분석

신주동(Ju Dong Shin) · 김희숙(Hee Sook Kim) · 최종명(Jong Myoung Choi) 충북대학교 생활과학연구소 2008 생활과학연구논총 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the image of stripe pattern expressed in contemporary fashion. For this research, the fashion magazines, Dong-a TV, Internet sites were used as references. In the middle age, the use of stripe pattern was banned because it was regarded as the pattern of the devil in Europe. But nowadays the stripe pattern plays the role of symbolizing health, youth, and personality. The stripe pattern is being used in various kinds of patterns like alternate stripe, block stripe, candy stripe, chalk stripe, herringbone stripe, hombre stripe, pekin stripe, pin stripe, rope stripe, sports stripe, and stitch stripe. The stripe patterns were expressed by the techniques of weaving, printing, sewing, knitting, and embroidery. The image of stripe pattern appeared during 2006 S/S∼2008 S/S collections could be classified into five images of modern, mannish, elegant, exotic, and sporty image.

기존의 치료에 반응하지 않는 다발성 간전이 대장암 환자에서 방사선조사와 병합한 수지상세포 면역치료의 1, 2상 임상시험

최영민(Youngmin Choi),이형식(Hyung-Sik Lee),권혁찬(Hyuk-Chan Kwon),한상영(Sang-Young Han),최종철(Jong-Cheol Choi),정주섭(Ju-Seop Chung),김창원(Chang-Won Kim),김동원(Dong-Won Kim),강치덕(Chi-Duk Kang) 대한방사선종양학회 2008 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.26 No.2

목 적: 기존치료에 반응하지 않는 다발성 간전이를 동반한 대장암 환자에서 방사선치료와 병합한 수지상세포 면역 치료의 독성과 반응도를 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 5월부터 2006년 11월까지 다발성 간전이가 동반된 대장암 환자들 중에서 항암화학 요법에 반응하지 않은 환자 중 지원자를 대상으로 연구를 시행하였다. 본 임상 시험에 대하여 동아대학교병원과 부산대학교병원의 임상윤리심의위원회의 허가를 획득하였고, 동의서에 서명한 환자들을 임상 시험의 대상으로 등록하였다. 환자의 말초 혈액으로부터 수지상세포를 추출하여 배양하였다. 임상시험 일자에 맞추어서 6×106개의 수지상세포를 바이알(0.5 ml)에 넣어서 디씨백/아이알 주사를 만들었다. 수지상세포 면역치료는 2주 간격으로 간전이암조직에 3회 주사하고, 5주에 내약성 평가를 하였다. 내약성 평가를 통과한 환자에게는 8주에 4번째 수지상세포 면 역치료를 하였다. 병의 악화가 없거나 임상시험에 대한 환자의 동의 철회가 없는 경우에는 5, 6번째 수지상세포면역치료를 각각 12, 16주에 시행하였다. 방사선치료는 수지상세포 면역치료를 주사할 간전이암 부위에 주사하기 전일 및 당일에 4 Gy씩을 조사하였다. 내약성 평가는 3×106개의 수지상세포로부터 시작하여, 12×106개의 수지상세포까지 시행하였다. 내약성 평가의 최대 내성 용량으로 추가 임상시험을 하였다. 수지상세포 면역치료 주사를 맞은 모든 환자들에서 안전성 평가를 하였다. 4회 이상 주사를 맞은 환자들을 대상으로 10주에 치료 반응을 평가하여 유효성을 조사하였다. 결 과: 임상시험에 등록한 24명 중 22명에서 수지상세포 면역치료를 시행하였다. 내성약 평가에는 14명이 등록하여 11명에서 평가를 완료하였다. 시험약과의 관련성이 있을 것으로 생각되는 grade 3 이상의 약물반응으로 인한 이상반응은 없었다. 12×106개의 수지상세포를 내성용량으로 확인하였고, 내성용량인 12×106개 수지상세포 면역치료를 이용하여 8명에서 추가로 시험을 하였다. 치료에 대한 환자들의 내성은 양호하였고, grade 3을 초과하는 치명적인 부작용은 발생되지 않았다. 4회 이상의 수지상세포 면역치료 주사를 받은 환자가 17명이었고, 이 중의15명에서는 종양의 반응도 평가가 이루어졌다. 본 연구의 목적은 안전성 평가이지만, 면역치료의 유효성 평가를 위해, 방사선치료와 수지상세포 면역치료 주사가 시행된 부위 외의 간전이암에서 반응도를 조사 하였다. 면역치료의 반응은 평가가 이루어진 환자들에서 정지성 병변이 4명, 진행성 병변이 11명 이었다. 결 론: 수지상세포 면역치료와 병행한 방사선치료는 이론적으로 국소 및 전신 제어에 상승효과가 있을 것으로 기대할 수 있다. 하지만 기존 치료에 반응하지 않는 매우 진행된 직장암 환자들을 대상으로 한 본 연구에서는 방사선 치료와 병합한 수지상세포 면역치료로 인한 심각한 부작용의 발생은 없었다는 결과와 4예에서의 정지성 병변의 관찰을 보고한다. 수지상세포의 최대 투여 용량, 적절한 투여 방법, 적절한 방사선의 양, 방사선과 수지상 세포의적절한 투여 간격 등에 관한 추가 연구를 통하여, 향후 제 2상, 3상 시험으로서의 진행 여부에 긍정적인 결과를얻을 수 있다고 판단한다. Purpose: To assess the toxicity and tumor response induced by DCVac/IRⓇ dendritic cell (DC) immunotherapy combined with irradiation for refractory colorectal cancer patients with multiple liver metastases. Materials and Methods: Between May 2004 and November 2006, applicants from a pool of refractory colorectal cancer patients with multiple liver metastases were enrolled. The patients were registered after having signed the informed consent form, which had been approved by the Institutional Review Board from the Dong-A University and Busan National University Hospital. DCs were obtained from peripheral blood of each patient, and then cultured in vitro. A total of 6×106 DCs were packed into a vial (DCVac/IRⓇ, 0.5 ml) at the convenience of each patient’s schedule. On the day before and on the day of each vaccination, each patient received a 4 Gy radiation dose to the target tumor. On the day of vaccination, the indicated dose of autologous DCs was injected into the irradiated tumor using ultrasound-guided needle injection procedures. A total of four vaccinations were scheduled at three 2-week intervals and one 4 week interval at the Dong-A University and Busan National University Hospital. If the tumor status was deemed to be stable or responding to therapy, an additional vaccination dose or two was approved at 4 week intervals beyond the fourth immunization. A tolerance test for DCs was conducted by injecting a range of doses (3×106 to 12×106 DCs) after the 3rd injection. Moreover, the maximal tolerable dose was applied to additional patients. Treatment safety was evaluated in all patients who had at least one injection. Treatment feasibility was evaluated by the 10th week by assessing the response of patients having at least 4 injections. For systemic toxicities, the evaluation was performed using the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria, whereas adverse effects were recorded using common WHO toxicity criteria. Results: Of the 24 registered patients, 22 received the DCs injections. Moreover, of the 14 patients that applied for the tolerance test, only 11 patients completed it because 3 patients withdrew their testing agreement. A grade 3 or more side effect, which was possibly related to the DC injection, did not occur in additional patients. The 12×106 DC injection was identified as the maximum tolerable dose, and was then injected in an additional 8 patients. Patients tolerated the injection fairly well, with no fatal side effects. In order to assess the feasibility of DC immunotherapy, the response was evaluated in other hepatic lesions outside of the targeted hepatic lesion. The response evaluation was performed in 15 of the 17 patients who received at least 4 injections. Stable and progressive disease was found in 4 and 11 patients, respectively. Conclusion: The DC-based immunotherapy and radiotherapy is theoretically synergistic for the local control and systemic control. The DCVac/IRⓇ immunotherapy combined with irradiation was tolerable and safe in the evaluated cases of refractory colorectal cancer with multiple liver metastases. Future work should include well designed a phase II clinical trials

열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

사회적 자본의 개념과 적용에 관한 연구

최용주 가톨릭대학교 산업경영연구소 2006 産業經營硏究 Vol.- No.14

28세 여성에서 Epinephrine 국소 주사 후 발생한 스트레스성 심근병증 1예

임주견,곽성동,박재영,천재홍,최성열,차태준,이준상 고신대학교 의과대학 2009 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.24 No.1

Stress induced cardiomyopathy is characterized by transient left ventricular dysfunction with typical regional wall motion abnormality of basal segment hyperkinesia and apical hypokinesia after physical or psychological stress. Stress induced cardiomyopathy mimics acute myocardial infarction but coronary angiography shows normal and usually recovers rapidly. Stress induced cardiomyopathy appears to occur almost exclusively in old females. Only a few cases have been reported in younger women but not yet in korea. The pathogenesis is not well known. Currently, it is thought that catecholamine may play important role. Especially, epinephrine may be most important catecholamine in the pathogenesis of steress induced cardiomyopathy. We report a case of stress induced cardiomyopathy occurred in young female after local epinephrine injection for hemostasis during tonsillectomy. 스트레스성 심근병증은 고령의 여성에서 주로 발생하며 카테콜라민 중 특히 epinephrine이 병리기전의 주요한 원인의 하나로 생각되어지고 있다. 저자들은 28세의 젊은 여성에서 편도절제술 도중 지혈을 목적으로 epinephrine을 국소 주사한 후 발생한 스트레스성 심근병증 1예를 경험하여 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

Capsaicin과 Paradol이 구강내 유해자극에 의한 개구반사와 신경흥분 전달에 미치는 영향

최동주,신일영,김중수,이종흔 대한구강생물학회 1988 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.12 No.2

This study was performed to elucidate the analgesic mechanism of paradol and to compare effects of paradol with those of dihidrocapscaicin(DHC). Rabbits(2-2.5kg both sexes) were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium(30mg/kg I.V.), and cannulated in trachea and external jugular vein. To observe effects on jaw opening reflex, inferior alveolar nerve(IAN) of both sides were exposed for drug application, and wire electrodes were inserted in anterior belly of digastric muscle for recording of EMGs of anterior belly of digastric muscle(dEMG) and in oral mucosa covering mental foramen for applying noxious stimulation. dEMGs evoked by noxious stimulation with double intensity of threshold for digastric EMG were recorded in magnetic tape recorder. To observe effects on action potential, saphenous nerve were exposed, and three tissue pools were made from surrounding tissue. The most distal pool was used for applying stimulation, the most proximal one for recording of action potentials, and the other on for drug application. Action potentials evoked by 200 folds intensity of threshold for most sensitive fiber were recorded in magnetic tape recorder. One side of IAN and saphenous nerves were used for DHC or paradol applications, the other side of nerves for control experiments(only vehicle application). Vehicle consisted of 10% Tween 80, 10% ethanol and 80% physiological saline(v/v), and drugs were solubilized in vehicle for 1.5% concentration(w/v). dEMGs and action potentials were recorded before drug application, immediate after 30 minutes drug application, at 30 and 60 minutes after drug had been washed out. DHC application on IAN could not influence on dEMG, but paradol application decreased the amplitude of dEMG. In action potential experiments, DHC decreased amplitude and conduction velocity of only C fiber, while paradol did those of C-fiber and Aδ-fiber.

內燃機關用 사이클론形 空氣淸淨器의 開發에 關한 硏究 : 第1報 小型 自動車用 內燃機關에 對하여 1st Report, For Internal Combustion Engine as Applied to Small-size Motorcar

崔東珪,鄭炅樂,金起柱 全北大學校 1979 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

The dust collection efficiency and pressure loss of a cyclone type air cleaner (Multi microcyclone described in this report) as applied to a four-cylinder four-stroke internal combustion engine and the effect of this aircleaner on the volumetric efficiency of the engine were researched in a series of engine motoring tests. The test results were compared with those obtained in a series of tests by using a blower. The performances of a paper filter were also tested by the same methods. The experimental results are summarized as follows; In the engine test, the dust collection efficiency of the multi microcyclone was about 98% at 3,500 r.p.m. and about 96% at 700 r.p.m. The efficiency of the paper filter was 98~99% at low speed but decreased to 86% at 3,500.r.p.m of engine. The multi micro-cyclone had a little air flow resistance. The test engine with the above cyclone showed rather a higher volumetric efficiency by about 8% than one without any air cleaner at the engine speed of the maximum volumetric efficiency.

대동맥-장골동맥 폐색증에 대한 경피경관 혈관성형술 및 스텐트삽입술의 누적개존율

최동현,이상목,고석환,홍성화,오수명,윤충,박호철,오주형 대한혈관외과학회 2004 Vascular Specialist International Vol.20 No.1

담양신설 IC의 교통소음도 조사연구

최형일,강영주,채희정,김연풍,조도호,설동화,정숙경 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 2007 環境公害硏究 Vol.20 No.1

After the vehicle has become a large formation with high-speed, loud noise from an express highway is increasing, and the number of large-scale apartment complexes, which are recently being constructed in the metropolitan area nearby the express highway and IC, is increasing gradually. Compared with a main road, the traffic volume and the speed of a vehicle between IC and the ramp way [turn-off] are smaller. If the ramp way is rightly connected with the downtown area, however, the traffic-noise that comes about in surrounding areas will be in conjunction with the traffic-noise from the main road of express highway and that of the ramp way. This research has selected a place that hasn't had a road or a commercial quarter nearby the main-road of IC and ramp way. Then we have studied the traffic-noise status under minimizing influence of its outer-noise, which occurs in IC. 1. The traffic volume change of a small and full-sized car with time has been kept on regularity in 2004 and 2005. As the traffic volume of a full-sized car has diminished remarkably, it has been maintaining through 6:00a.m.-10:00 a.m. As it has decreased since lO:OO a.m.. we have also observed the traffic proportion going up. 2. Monthly traffic volume of small cars was higher in May, August and October than other months. We have observed that the high traffic volume during these months is due to the following: May-The Damyang festival, August-a high-demand season, October-viewing scarlet maple leaves. Monthly traffic volume of full-sized cars was generally higher in August, but it has decreased during 2006. This was due to the many construction trucks that were working on the extension of the 88 Olympic expressway. Therefore, there was more traffic volume in 2006 compared to 2004 and 2005. 3. In this study, the noise figures have been less than 55 dB(A) in 18 spots. There were 14 spots from 55dB(A) to 58dB(A). 58-61dB(A) : 20, 61-64dB(A) : 17, 64-67dB(A) : 18. There were 8 spots we observed at the highest level from 67dB(A) to 70dB(A). Those were the nearby spots separating the main road and Damyang IC. 4. Traffic-noise at the boundary between IC and the main road of an expressway was higher than that of the same distance in other places. 5. We have observed that traffic-noise is low in places with mountains that serve the role of soundproofing walls. Thus, the fundamental sound hadn't affected it.

월출산국립공원 수질특성에 관한 연구

최형일,김난희,강영주,채희정,김연풍,조도호,설동화 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 2007 環境公害硏究 Vol.20 No.1

Because mountain streams have narrow widths and steep slopes compared to streams and lakes, hours of immobility are considerably short, and the quality of mountain streams has been greatly influenced by rainfall, land-use, components of the streambed and types of forests. During the summer when heavy rainfall occurs, eroded earth and sand flow into mountain streams and cause temporarily high turbidity. It is also the cause of eutrophication, which is frequently found in downstream. As evaluation standards for the quality of mountain streams were not established in Korea, this quality was evaluated by examining some items based on quality standards for drinkable water and research on the influences of pollution in mountain streams, which showed that these were seldom in downstream water systems. Mountain streams within Wolchulsan National Park flow into a reservoir and when characteristics of mountain streams from forests and rainfall that flow into mountain streams through forest ecosystems were studied, results of measuring its changes are as follows. Monthly changes of pH were low between April and August and higher starting October, and the EC was measured higher in the winter and the spring and tended to be low starting April. The EC on the 19th of May and the 23rd of October and the concentration of floating materials and COD_(Mn) were observed to be higher due to the influence of rainfall on the 19th of May and the 22nd of October, and it was judged that the washing out of dried deposits attached to the water pipe and the leaching of woods were influenced by rainfall. It is considered that real-time monitoring of water quality for a long time and water quality conditions during and after rainfall should be examined for ensuring basic data of water quality and evaluating characteristics and seasonableness of mountain streams, which may be greatly changed by artificial influence in the future.