카드뮴 측적량과 붕어(Carassius auratus) 아가미 조직 변화의 상관성에 관한 연구

배희경,김은경,남성숙,문창규,전성환,나진균,박광식 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.1

Histopathological changes and cadmium accumulations in the gills were investigated in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) exposed to 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 mg/l cadmium (Cd)concentrations for 25 days. After 25 days of exposure, cadmium accumulations increased in each of the different exposure concentrations. Histopathological changes in the gills of curcian carp exposed to cadmium included the acidification of mucous cell, the terminal clubbing of lamellae, the hyperplasia of epitherial cell and the curved of secondary lamellae. The similar histopathological changes were observed once the accumulations of cadmium reached the similar levels found in the present study with the different exposure schemes. Also the acidification of mucous cell in gills appeared when cadmium accumulations reached 5 ㎍/g and more. These results suggested that histopathological changes in the gills, an appearance of mucous cell acidification, be used to estimate the relation between toxic effect and cadmium accumulations in the gills.

How We Have Treated Severe to Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea

Park Do Hyeon,Kang Chang Kyung,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Kim Nam Joong,Park Wan Beom,Oh Myoung-don 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.49

Since 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide, and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic currently continues. In response to this unprecedented pandemic, several researchers and medical staff have struggled to find appropriate treatments for COVID-19. Patients with mild symptoms can recuperate with symptomatic care, however establishing treatment for severe to critically ill patients who can have a high mortality has been essential. Accordingly, the guidelines for COVID-19 treatment have evolved through numerous trials and errors and have been relatively well established to date. In the Republic of Korea, several evidence-based guidelines for COVID-19 treatment were released and revised, reflecting various research and regional medical conditions. To date, approximately 3 years after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, we are reflecting on the changes in the guidelines thus far and have summarized the treatment experience of severe to critically ill patients with COVID-19. The Korean guidelines for COVID-19 treatment have been updated continuously as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) guidelines have changed. Dexamethasone is currently used as the backbone for the treatment of severe to critically ill patients with COVID-19, and remdesivir, baricitinib, and tocilizumab can be added depending on a patient’s situation. In addition, venous thromboembolism prophylaxis is one of the important adjunctive therapies for patients with severe COVID-19. In the clinical field, treatment of severely ill patients with COVID-19 based on guidelines is widely practiced by medical staff and established currently.

한,중 FTA와 광양항 경유 대중국 수출상품의 비교우위

박홍균 ( Hong Gyun Park ),김창범 ( Chang Beom Kim ) 한국해운물류학회(구 한국해운학회) 2014 해운물류연구 Vol.30 No.2

본 논문은 무역특화지수, 산업내무역지수, 경쟁형태, 무역수지기여도를 이용하여 광양항을 경유한 대중국 수출상품의 경쟁형태와 비교우위를 분석하였다. 수출경쟁력 분석결과, 품질경쟁력을 유지하거나 SQC(품질경쟁력 확보)로 전환된 품목이 증가하였으며, 산업내무역의 형태는 품질은 유사하지만 제품의 속성이 차이가 나는 수평적 산업내무역의 형태가 대부분을 차지하였다. 또한 무역수지 기여도는 대다수의 품목에서 2008년 대비 2012년에 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 대중국 수출경쟁력의 경우는 분석대상 8개 품목에서 4개품목이 SQC(품질경쟁력 확보)로 나타났으며, 나머지 4개품목은 SPC(가격경쟁력 확보)로 분석되었으며, 광양항 전체 분석 결과와 동일하게 수평적 산업내무역 형태가 절대적이었다. 그리고 가장 큰 무역수지 흑자 기여도를 보인 품목은 크릴로니트릴-부타디엔-스티렌 공중합체이며, 가장 큰 무역수지 적자 기여도를 보인 품목은 두께가 4.75mm 이상 10mm 이하인 평판압연제품으로 나타났다. Korea’s exports to China were increasing in great volume around Gwangyang portare, but the circumstance has been changed. In the past, the two nations were in cooperative relationship when it comes to division of labor. However, now it has turned into competitive relationship. As China has achieved advancement of its industrial infrastructure, the country has been trying to produce intermediary products locally. Most exports from Gwangyang port are petrochemicals and exports to China takes 22% from the total ratio. Also, Korea-China FTA is about to be prepared. This agreement includes negotiation of general, sensitive and super sensitive areas. Therefore, there has been a change in competition when it comes to exports of major products via the port. Consequently, this study is conducted by analyzing statistics. Thus, the study is conducted by using TSI(trade specialization index), IITI(intra-industry trade index), competition pattern analysis, and contribution ratio to trade of balance in order to examine comparative advantage. According to the research, items that changedto SQC and maintained the competitive advantage for quality are increased. Also, majority of IITI(intra-industry trade) were horizontal intra-industry trade which shares similar quality, but different from product attribute. In addition, compare to 2008 and 2012,contribution ratio to trade of balancees calated in general. Also, this research studied comparative advantage on trade with China and 4 out of 8 items were identified as SQC(successful quality competition) and the others were recognized as SPC(successful price competition). According to the overall analyze of Gwangyang port, horizontal IITI was most common and criinonitrill butadiene styrene showed the most trade surplus record. Flat-rolled product (4.75mm above and less below 10mm) analyzed as the most trade deficit category. Consequently, exports to China in Gwangyang port has comparative advantage, but it is not very clear because this comparative advantage is a mixture of price and quality measures. Thus, in order to increase capacity-especially in case of Korea-China FTA- high value products should be developed by technical innovation.

골수구성 백혈병 환자에게 발생한 결핵성 림프절염

이창섭,송진수,최평균,조재현,방지환,박경화,박완범,김홍빈,김남중,윤성수,박선양,김병국,오명돈,최강원 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.5

혈액질환 가운데 결핵 발생이 증가한다고 알려진 것은 호지킨 림프종을 포함한 림프증식성질환 그리고 모양세포성 백혈병 등이 있다. 또한 동종 골수이식을 받은 환자에서도 결핵은 증가한다고 알려져있다. Kaplan 등은 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 결핵 발생이 증가한다고 보고하였다. 그러나 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 결핵의 발생이 증가하는 이유에 대해서는 아직까지 정확하게 밝혀지지 않았다. 저자들이 2년 동안 후향적으로 조사한 180명의 성인 골수구성 백혈병 환자들 가운데 결핵이 발생한 환자는 4명이었고, 발생 부위는 모두 림프절이었다. 결핵은 골수구성 백혈병의 특정 아형에만 국한되어 발생하지 않았지만, 50%에서 FAB 분류에 의한 M4였다. 림프절이 종대된 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 특히, 결핵의 유병율이 높은 나라에서는 결핵성 림프절염도 감별진단에 포함시켜야 한다. During the neutropenic phase, leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy are prone to bacterial and, fungal infections; occasionally mycobacterial, viral and protozoal organisms may also cause infections. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was reported very rarely in these patients. This report describes four patients with M. tuberculosis infection identified from 185 adult patients who were diagnosed myelogenous leukemia between January 2003, and December 2004. There was no patient with M. tuberculosis infection from 44 lymphoid leukemia and 11 acute biphenotypic leukemia patients. Sites of infection were all lymph nodes. Three among four patients were presented with lymphadenopathy at initial diagnosis of leukemia, and the other one presented with lymphadenopathy after induction chemotherapy. There was no patient presented with lymphadenopathy during the neutropenic phase. Tuberculous lymphadenitis was presented in a patient with three acute myelogenous leukemia (FAB class 2 M4, 1 M2) and a chronic myelogenous leukemia, accelerated phase. An acute myelogenous leukemia patient had a leukemic cell and tubercle bacilli in the same lymph node. Tuberculosis should also be included as a differential diagnosis in myelogenous leukemia patient with lymphadenopathy, especially in the countries in which the disease is endemic.

멀티미디어 게임의 시공간 동기화 모델 연구

성해경,박창균 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2004 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.26 No.1

This paper outlines the means of expressing a spatio temporal synchronization model which allows multimedia data to be processed and translated in terms of time and space. Aptly named an Assertion-based Multimedia objects Spatio-TEmporal Synchronization model(AMSTES), it will provide a means of representing all the objects present in space and time, and furthemore, will use the representations to produce an executable code via a spatio temporal formula. In essence, AMSTES aims to define spatial and temporal concepts using assertions in a game scenario sketch, and aptly express a spatio-temporal synchronization model.

Increased Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in Uremia Is Associated with Chronic Inflammation and Prevalent Coronary Artery Disease

Kim, Jwa-Kyung,Hong, Chang-won,Park, Mi Jin,Song, Young Rim,Kim, Hyung Jik,Kim, Sung Gyun Hindawi 2017 Journal of immunology research Vol.2017 No.-

<P><I>Background.</I> Neutrophils are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. We hypothesized that the NET formation of neutrophils might be changed in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, explaining their higher incidence of coronary artery diseases (CAD). <I>Method.</I> A cross-sectional study was performed in 60 maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, 30 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (HV, negative control), and 30 patients with acute infection (positive control). Neutrophil activation and function were measured with reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity, degranulation, NET formation, and phenotypical changes. <I>Result.</I> Compared with HV, neutrophils extracted from MHD patients displayed significantly increased levels of basal NET formation, ROS production, and degranulation, suggesting spontaneous activation in uremia. Also, an increase in citrullinated histone H3 was detected in this group compared to the HV. And neutrophils from HV were normal CD16<SUP>bright</SUP>/CD62L<SUP>bright</SUP> cells; however, neutrophils from MHD were CD16<SUP>bright</SUP>/CD62L<SUP>dim</SUP>, similar to those from patients with acute infections. Interestingly, multivariate analyses identified the prevalent CAD and neutrophil counts as independent determinants of baseline NET formation (<I>β</I> = 0.323, <I>p</I> = 0.016 and <I>β</I> = 0.369, <I>p</I> = 0.006, resp.). <I>Conclusions.</I> Uremia-associated-increased NET formation may be a sign of increased burden of atherosclerosis.</P>

Ku 대역 무선통신 시스템의 강우영향 분석

최동유,김재섭,박창균 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2004 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.26 No.2

In this study selected Koreasat 3, which uses the Ku-band(14㎓/12㎓) frequency, and analyzed the beacon signal level data according to the rain rate from June to August in 2001. Then to provide analysis, the experimental data was compared with that obtained using typical rain attenuation models, such as the ITU-R model, the SAM model and the Global model, which have previously been used in satellite communication systems. Also, this study analyzed predicted area path diversity gain on the basis of the path of Daejeon-Koreasat 3 in order to compensate excess attenuation caused by rain, and estimated link budget by hour rate on the basis of the ITU-R model. Establishing the reliability of path diversity gain and link budget achieved by this study may be greatly used as a basic material to design satellite communication system in the future. Furthermore, according to methods to be applied, it could be utilized to construct microwave communication network or broadcasting network on the ground.

연마 다듬질 가공면의 표면 미세형상 평가에 관한 연구

조남규,김현국,권기환,한창수,안유민,이성환,박균명 한국공작기계학회 2000 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2000 No.-

This paper describes the statistical analysis techniques for the surface roughness assessment of polished surfaces. In experiments, the polishing process of the sample surfaces which are manufactured by ball end mill is consist of two steps; the cusp removal process and the surface finishing process. For the cusp removal process, the criterion of cusp removal was established from the power spectrum analysis to assess the change of the cusp removal rate. For the finishing process, the surface was polished by the rotational CBN tool and vibration wood tool. And the surface quality of polished surface was assessed using the functional parameters based on the statistical values of surface profiles. Consequently, the surface finish performance of the polished surface using the vibration wood tool was improved.

작업의 특성에 종속되는 병렬기계의 일정계획을 위한 발견적 기법

이동현,이경근,김재균,박창권,장길상 한국경영과학회 2000 經營 科學 Vol.17 No.1

In the real world, situations that some jobs need be processed only on certain limited machines frequently occur due to the capacity restrictions of machines such as tools, fixtures, or material handing equipment in this paper, we consider n-job, non-preemptive and m parallel machines scheduling problem having two machines group The objective function is to minimize the sum of earliness and tardiness with different release times and due dates The problems is formulated as a mixed integer programming problem The problem is proved to be NP-complete Thus, a heuristic is developed to solve this problem To illustrate its suitability and efficiency, a proposed heuristic is compared with a genetic algorithm and tabu search for a large number of randomly generated test problems in ship engine assembly shop Through the experimental results, it is showed that the proposed algorithm yields good solutions efficiently

납기와 조립가능 시점을 고려한 병렬기계의 스케쥴링을 위한 발견적 해법

이동현,이경근,김재균,박창권,장길상 한국경영과학회 2000 한국경영과학회지 Vol.25 No.2

In this paper, we consider an n-job, non-preemptive and identical parallel machine scheduling problem of minimizing the sum of earliness and tardiness with different release times and due dates. In the real world, this problem is more realistic than the problems that release times equal to zero or due dates are common. The problem is proved to be NP-complete. Thus, a heuristic is developed to solve this problem. To illustrate its suitability, a proposed heuristic is compared with a genetic algorithm for a large number of randomly generated test problems. computational results show the effectiveness and efficiency of proposed heuristic. In summary, the proposed heuristic provides good solutions than genetic algorithm when the problem size is large.