해상형 국립공원 탐방수요의 요인분해

모수원 ( Mo Soo-won ),이광배 ( Lee Kwang-bae ),박정환 ( Park Jeong-hwan ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2018 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.30 No.2

국내관광은 국제관광의 변동성이 주는 충격을 완화하려 관광산업의 안정성을 담보하는 역할을 수행함에도 불구하고 국내관광부문은 활성화되지 못하고 있다. 이러한 점은 우리나라의 해외관광객은 2010년-2017년에 연평균 11.3%라는 높은 증가를 보인데 비해 우리나라 국립공원의 탐방객은 연평균 1.5% 성장이라는 초라한 실적을 드러내고 있다는 데서 알 수 있다. 더욱 산악형 국립공원에 대해서는 비교적 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있는데 비해 해상형 국립공원에 대해서는 상대적으로 연구와 관심이 빈약한 편이다. 이에 본고는 변이할당분석과 BCG분석을 이용하여 해상형 국립공원 탐방객의 변동요인을 식별한다. 먼저 변이할당분석을 적용하여 4개 해상형 국립공원 탐방객의 변동을 국립공원 전체에 대한 탐방수요가 개별 국립공원탐방수요에 미치는 국립공원효과, 국립공원 전체에 대한 매력과 해상형 국립공원에 대한 매력의 차이가 개별 국립공원 탐방수요에 미치는 해상형 국립공원효과, 그리고 개별 국립공원과 해상형 국립공원의 탐방수요가 미치는 소위 경쟁력효과와 같은 3개 요인으로 분해한다. 또한 변이할당분석을 정태적 분석과 동태적 분석으로 구분하여 정태적 분석과 동태적 분석의 3개효과가 부호와 크기에서 상당한 차이를 노정한다는 것도 밝힌다. 구체적으로 우리나라 4개 해상형 국립공원의 탐방객 변동을 요인별로 분해하여, 정태적 분석에서는 국가효과와 구성효과가 양의 값으로 4개 해상형 국립공원 탐방객을 증가시키나, 동태적 분석에서는 구성효과의 경우 2013년부터, 국가효과의 경우 2014년부터 음의 부호를 갖는다는 것을 밝힌다. 탐방객이 증가한 오동도, 다도해해상국립공원, 태안해안국립공원은 물론 탐방객이 감소한 변산반도국립공원에서도 개별 국립공원의 경쟁력을 의미하는 지역효과가 가장 큰 영향을 미친다는 것도 보인다. BCG 매트릭스를 적용하여 오동도와 다도해해상국립공원은 star 영역으로 상승한 후star 위상을 유지하며, 변산반도국립공원은 star에서 cash cow와 child로 위상이 변화하여 탐방객 증가가 평균 이상을 유지하고 있는데 비해 태안해안국립공원은 child에서 dog로 추락함을 보인다. 이러한 분석을 통해 4개의 해상형 국립공원 모두에서 지역효과가 탐방객 변동에 가장 큰 영향을 미친다는 것과, 오동도와 다도해해상국립공원의 경쟁력은 우수하나 변산반도 국립공원의 경쟁력은 정체상태에 있으며, 태안해안국립공원의 경쟁력은 하락하고 있음을 밝힌다. BCG분석에서는 오동도와 다도해해상국립공원이 탐방객에서 경쟁력이 있다는 것과 태안해안국립공원에서 가장 큰 경쟁력 향상이 이루어져야 한다는 것도 밝힌다. Tourism is widely considered one of the world's largest and rapidly growing industries. Domestic tourism, however, remains an under-researched theme in many countries involving Korea partly due to the difficulty to track domestic tourism and with governments and policy-makers placing emphasis on the attractive higher expenditures of foreign visitors. It is stated that a vibrant domestic tourism sector can cushion the industry from fluctuations of the international tourism market and bring stability and predictability in the industry. Nature-based tourism to national parks gives us broad benefits such as improved physical and mental health, stress reduction and increased social cohesion. Employment is one of tourism’s main development advantages and its role in promoting economic opportunities for communities adjacent to national parks has long been appreciated. But tourism performance in Korean national parks continues to dwindle and stagger. This paper introduces a shift-share decomposition to break down the tourism to the marine national parks into three components: one measuring national effect, and two other components due to changes in compositional effect and regional effect respectively. While the static shift-share analysis shows that the growth in marine national parks’tourism seems to be due to positive national park effect as well as marine national park effect, the dynamic regional effect appears to have a negative effect on visitors. This paper also employs the positioning analysis on national parks using Boston Consulting Group matrix over the period 2011-2016. The BCG analysis shows that Odongdo and Dadohaehaesang succeed in rising to a star area, Byeonsanbando ranges over a cash cow to a child, but Taeanhaean degrades from a child to a dog area.

설악산 국립공원의 어류분포

장민호,조가익,하진용,정광석,박성배,주기재 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.4

설악산 국립공원지역 산간계류의 17개 지점에서 2000년 6월부터 2001년 6월까지 어류상 및 이화학적 요인을 계절별로 총 4회에 걸쳐 분석하였다. 모든 조사지점은 1~3차의 하천으로 비교적 물리·화학적 교란이 적었으며 하천폭은 5~30 m 정도였다. 채집된 어류는 총 18과 42종 2,557개체였고, Cyprinidae는 16종으로 84.7%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, Gobiidae 4종, 5.0?의 상대풍부도를 보였다. Cyprinidae는 전체 채입종의 37.2%를 나타냈다. 우점종은 Zacco temminck로 10개 지점에서 738개체가 채집되어 28.9%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, 아우점종은 Rhynchocypris kumkangensis와 Z. platypus로 각각 4개 지점 648개체(25.3%)와 7개 지점 344개체(13.5%)로 나타났다. 한국고유종(Korean endemic species)은 모두 4과 11종 781개체로 30.5%의 상대풍부도를 나타냈으며, 고유화 빈도는 25.6%로 한국의 평균 고유화 빈도와 유사하게 나타났다. 본 조사에서 외래어는 채집되지 않았다. 국립공원 내에 서식하는 어류의 다양성 유지와 회복을 위해서는 공원 내는 물론 경계지역 하천의 체계적인 관리가 요구된다. The fish fauna of mountain streams in the Seorak National Park area was investigated from June 2000 to June 2001 (4 times). All 17 sites were relatively undisturbed 1st to 3rd order streams. A total of 2,557 individuals were collected and classified into 17 families and 43 species. Cyprinidae accounted for 37.2% (16 species) of the total fish species and 84.7% (2,165 ind.) of the total abundance. Subdominant families were Gobiidae (4 species, 5.0%) and Balitoridae (3 species, 3.4%). Zacco temmincki (RA 28.9%, 10 sites) dominated. Subdominant species were Rhynchocypris kumkangensis (25.3%, 4 sites) and Zacco platypus (13.5%, 7 sites). Eleven of the species are endemic to Korea (4 families, 30.5%). Exotic species were not collected in this survey. Fish diversity was higher in streams around the boundary area than in the national park. Therefore, management of streams in the boundary area to protect the fish biodiversity can be efficiently conducted. Habitat degradation should be reduced for the conservation and restoration of fish diversity.

경주지역 여고생의 초경과 체성장간의 관계

김준섭,권오구,박진석,오종수,박정현,박제식,안세한,이용환,서정호,신태섭,최영배,김덕수,이관,박수경 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구는 경주지역 1개 고등학교 3학년 여고생을 대상으로 초경 시작 전인 초등학교 4학년부터 고등학교 2학년까지의 키, 몸무게, 가슴둘레 수치와 초경 연령을 파악하여 여성의 초경이 빠를수록 체성장 속도의 변화가 있을 것이라는 가설을 기초로 두 요인간의 관련성을 파악하고자 시행되었다. 경주시 1개 여자고등학교 3학년생 총 317명에 대해 ㅊ경 나이, 초경시 심리 상태, 초경이 시작되었을 때의 상담 여부와 상담하였던 사람, 부모 신장과 초경전후의 식사 규칙성, 다이어트 경험, 수면시간, 스트레스, 음주/흡연 여부, 질병력 등에 대한 설문 조사를 시행하였고, 초등학교 4학년부터 고등학교 2학년까지의 키, 몸무게, 가슴둘레에 대한 정보는 건강기록부에서 확보하였다. 상기 대상자 중 건강기록부가 분실된 39명, 초경나이에 대해 응답하지 않았던 29명 및 결석 등으로 조사를 하지 못하였던 42명을 제외한 조사 대상자는 206명으로 선정하였다. 대상자들의 초경연령 평균값(Mean±SD)은 13.0±1.11이었고, 초등학교 4학년부터 고등학교 2학년까지의 초경 이후 신장 성장률은 감소하였으며, 초경연령이 빠른 군이 초등학교 때는 신장에 있어서 우위를 차지하나 고등학교에 오면서 신장은 비슷한 수준이 되었다. 초경후 1-2년 사이에 체중과 흉위의 증가율은 감소하였고, 초경연령이 빠른 군이 초등학교와 고등학교 사이에 체중과 흉위에서 모두 우위를 차지하였다. 본 연구의 결과는, 흔히 이차 성징의 시작 시점 혹은 사춘기의 시작 시점으로 보고있는 초경 연령이 청소년기의 성장과 밀접한 관련성이 있고, 특히 체중과 흉위의 성장 속도와 밀접한 관련성이 있음을 시사한다. To understand the onset of menarche in relation to changes in physical growth that take place during female adolescence, especially the changes in height and weight velocity. The 207 senior in one women high school of Kyongju were investigated in April 3 to 8, 2001. We collected the information, relation in the age at menarche, height & weight of parents, regularity of eating, and obesity diet, duration of sleeping, sickness & stress near age at menarche, by self-recording. The status of height, weight & chest circumference between the 4th grade of primary school and the junior of high school was collected by individual Health Record. The results were followed; The average age at menarche was 12.95±1.11 years old and the most frequent age of menarche is 13 years. After menarche, the velocity of height, weight and chest circumference were decreased. The most rapid group of menarche hold dominant position in height during elementary school. As time passed, they dont hold dominant position in height. The most rapid group of menarche get an advantage in the weight and the girth of chest after elementary school. The height of subjects is directly proportional to the height of their parents. These results suggest that the starting age at menestuation can be closely associated with physical growth and development.

Protein kinase A-induced phosphorylation at the Thr154 affects stability of DJ-1

Ko, Yeon Uk,Kim, Su-Jeong,Lee, Juhyung,Song, Min-Young,Park, Kang-Sik,Park, Jun Bae,Cho, Hyun-Soo,Oh, Young J. Elsevier 2019 Parkinsonism & related disorders Vol.66 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Introduction</B></P> <P>Most cases of Parkinson's disease (PD) are sporadic, but genetic variations have been discovered in PD patients. PARK7/DJ-1 is a known cause of early-onset autosomal-recessive PD and is implicated in neuroprotection against oxidative stress. Although several post-translational modifications of DJ-1 have been proposed, phospho-modification of DJ-1 and its functional consequences have been less studied.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Putative phosphorylation sites of DJ-1 were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS analysis). Subsequently, phosphorylation site of DJ-1 was confirmed by <I>in vitro</I> kinase assay and cell-based pull-down assay. Impaired dimer formation of phospho-null mutant was measured using DSS crosslinking assay and immunoprecipitation assay. To evaluate physiological consequences of this event, protein stability of DJ-1 WT and DJ-1 phospho-null mutant were compared using cycloheximide chase assay and ubiquitination assay.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Here, we showed that DJ-1 directly bound to the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKAcα). We found that PKAcα is responsible for phosphorylation of DJ-1 at the T154 residue. Interestingly, dimerization of DJ-1 was not detected in a DJ-1 T154A mutant. Furthermore, stability of the DJ-1 T154A mutant was dramatically reduced compared with that of wild-type DJ-1. We found that DJ-1 T154A was prone to degradation by the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS).</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>We identified a novel phosphorylation site of DJ-1. Furthermore, we determined protein kinase A that is responsible for this posttranslational modification. Finally, we demonstrated physiological consequences of this event focusing on dimerization and protein stability of DJ-1.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PKAcα phosphorylates PARK7/DJ1 at the Thr154 residue. </LI> <LI> Disruption of Thr154 phosphorylation is linked to a lower stability. </LI> </UL> </P>

하천 수질에 대한 36시간 연속 모니터링 기법 연구

박정규,정흥배,문성환,류태권,류제영,황인영 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.4

1. 금호강물에 대한 상대독성과 수온, 전기전도도의 경우 달서천 내부, 금호강과 달서천의 합류점 하부, 합류점 상부 순으로 값의 크기를 보였고 pH의 경우 역순을 보이므로 달서천이 금호강과 달서천 합류점 하부에 영향을 주는 것으로 사료된다. 2. 금호강 하천수에 대한 Microtox 독성값과 온도, pH, 전기전도도의 상관성은 없었으므로 기존의 일반적인 몇 가지 수질 인자로는 독성변화 및 수준을 판단할 수 없다고 사료된다. 3. 36시간 연속 모니터링을 통해 짧은 시간에도 독성값이 달라지는 것으로 보아 수질의 독성 수준이나 오염 수준을 판단하기 위해서는 연속적인 독성 조사 및 분석이 필요하다고 사료된다. 4. 하천수에 대한 연속 모니터링만으로는 하천 생태 위해도를 평가하기는 어렵다. 따라서, 하천 퇴적물에 대한 특성을 병행하여 조사 분석하는 것이 유해화학물질에 의한 하천 오염을 평가하는 방법이 된다고 사료된다. The main point source of pollution of the Keumho river in Taegu, Korea, stems from waste from the areas of industrial complexes. Although it is widely accepted that pollutants in waste water negatively effects general water quality, it is difficult to evaluate the effluent effect because of varying conditions in ambient water and inconclusive knowledge of causative pollutants. To analyze the water in relation to the industrial effluent in the area, pH, temperature, conductivity, and Microtox toxicity of various river samples were measured. Water samples were collected every 2 hours for 36 hours from Keumho river and Dalseo stream. Data from continuous monitoring for 36 hours showed that effluent in Keumho river originated from Dalseo stream, which is near adjacent to industrial complexes. Change in toxicity and other factors tested during the 36 hours indicated that continuous monitoring was necessary for a satisfactory effluent toxicity test. Furthermore, in addition to water quality monitoring, it was concluded that sediment toxicity also needed to evaluate effluent effects.

C6 glia 세포에서 유도성 Nitric Oxide Synthase 유전자 발현조절에 관한 연구

배진영,허강민,배소현,박지선,이충재,이재흔,석정호 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

To investigate transcriptional regulation of iNOS gene by LPS and cytokines, the production of NO, expression of iNOS mRNA and protein, binding activity of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-kB), and promoter activity of iNOS gene were examined in rat C6 glial cells. LPS, interferon-gamma(IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) stimulated the production of NO, which was increased synergistically by co-treatment. By the treatment of LPS, iNOS mRNA expression was initiated at 1 h, markedly increased by 3 h, and decreased gradually afterward. iNOS mRNA expression was markedly enhanced by mixture of LPS, IFN-γ and TNF-α. iNOS protein synthesis was increased by the treatment of mixture LPS and cytokine mixture. Treatment of LPS stimulated NF-kB activation, and the activation reached to the maximum level at 30 min, and the treatment of mixture of LPS and cytokines increased the activation. To determine the effect of NF-kB binding activity on iNOS promoter activation, CAT assay was performed. iNOS promoter activity was increased by the treatment with LPS for 5.5 h, and further increased by the combined treatment with LPS and cytokines. These results suggest that NF-kB activation by LPS and cytokines may play a significant role in the induction of the iNOS gene.

바운스드롭점프에 있어 下肢關節의 力學的 일量

裵永相,裵正幸,徐彰翊,金甲求,朴晟秀 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1996 科學論集 Vol.22 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate jumping ability in order to establish proper methods of strength and power training for jumping as pertains to sports. Jumping in sports requires higher jumping in a short amount of time. Eight skilled female modern dancers were instructed to drop jump onto a force platform with both legs from four different heights(15,30,45,60cm). They were filmed from the side with a high speed camera (100fps). The power developed at the ankle, the knee and hip joints was computed by multiplying the moment of force by the joint angular velocity. Mechanical energy was absorbed by the eccentric contraction of the ankle and knee joint muscles during phase of downward movement. Mechanical energy absorption rate by eccentric contraction related to the knee joint muscle at high load intensity was relativly higher than low load intensity. It required the energy absorption by the eccentric contraction of knee joint muscles in order to reduce take off time in phase of downward movement. In push off phase, it projected the body into the air by the concentric contraction of ankle and knee joint muscles.

버팀지지대의 선행하중에 따른 흙막이벽의 거동특성

裵鐘淳,權正烈,權敏載,朴卿局 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2001 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.1 No.-

Urban excavation require highly reliable prediction technique for the design and construction of earth retaining structures in order to protect adjacent structures around deep excavation. Application of the pre-loading of bracing for deep excavation has been reported and known beneficial in reducing settlement behind the retaining wall. But this beneficial effects are net fully understood and recognized by many practitioners. Model tests have been carried out to evaluate the efficiency of pre-loading system in reducing ground settlement as well as adjacent structural damages around excavation in sand. The test results revealed that the applied pre-loading of approximately 50% showed effective reduction in the maximum lateral wall displacement and the maximum magnitude of ground surface settlements, Also, bracing forces and earth-pressure distribution behind the wal1 have been monitored during pre-loading at various excavation swages.

새로운 생물농축 기법에 의한 PAHs의 오염도 확인

박정규,황인영,문성환,정홍배 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.4

A new passive sampler was developed, improving SPMD (Semipermeable Membrane Devices) that contained triolein in nonporous, low-density polyethylene layflat tubing. Experiments to measure PAHs concentration were carried out at four sites (Dukpo, Sochi, Sohwonggando, Yeonmok) on the southern coast of Korea that were contaminated by oil spills. Passive samplers were deployed at 4 and 8 week intervals at each site. Results showed that bioconcentration levels of PAHs were increased in proportion to exposure duration from all sample sites and accumulation in the passive sampler was much higher than in biota at the Dukpo site. Results of these tests suggest that new passive sampler is a useful tool for measuring bioconcentration organic compounds in aquatic environments.

3극관형 진공게이지 제작 및 최적조건 결정

박래준,배정운,박종윤 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1996 論文集 Vol.47 No.2

B-A type hot cathode ionization gauge to measure the UHV(Ultra High Vacuum) was generally used in these days. Whereas, HV(High Vacuum) is still major pressure region in the application of vacuum to the industry. Conventional triode gauge(CTG) is used mainly for measurement in HV region, thus we constructed the modified triode gauge(MTG). In order to find the optimum condition of MTG. We measured I_e vs U_c, I_e vs U_g and U_c, I_e vs U_g and P, I_i vs U_g and P as well as I_i vs P because I_i is depend on pressure(P), filament potential(U_c), grid potential(U_g), filament heating power(Hp), and emission current(I_e). The good linearity of I_i P curve is obtained from ∼10^-6 to ∼10^-4 torr at 5A heating current, 200V grid potential, 40V filament potential and below ∼10^-7 torn at 4.6A.