한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

혈액 투석 환자에서 중심정맥 협착에 대한 스텐트 삽입술 : Wallstent Placement

임대승,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이정우,강정아,김정희,이민수,정준용,최시완,정진옥,성인환,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Stenosis of central vein is a common complication arising after percutaneous subclavian vein catheter insertion performed for temporary vascular access in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. There are several treatment methods for the condition like percutaneous angioplasty(PTA), stent insertion, and surgery, but recent trend is toward PTA and stents. Among the patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure from March 1993 to May 2002 and undergoing hemodialysis through AV fistula, the 14 Patients in whom central vein stenosis arose were selected for the study. A total of 28 percutaneous interventions(5 PTA and 23 stent placement) were performed, and restenosis rate and the time taken till the restenosis in de novo lesions and instant lesions were compared. All 28 cases were operated successfully. The 14 cases that received both anigioplasty and stent placement initially. (de novo lesion : 14 cases), Among the 10 cases with de novo lesion that followed up more than 1 year, 3 cases are currently undergoing hemodialysis without restenosis, and the remaining 7 cases have recurred stenosis with the mean time to restenosis of 10.9 months. In the 7 cases in whom stenosis recurred, 11 interventions were done(instent lesion: 11 cases). 4 of these were using only ballon angioplasty with 100% restenosis rate and the mean time of 3 months until restenosis. The remaining 7 cases were using both balloon angioplasty and stent placement, also with 100% restenosis rate but with the mean time of 12 months until restenosis, which was later than the group receiving only balloon angioplasty. In treating the patients with central vein stenosis, stent placement seems to be more advantageous over PTA in terms of restenosis rate and the mean duration of patency. In the case of instent lesion, inserting the stent for the second time after stenosis recurred lengthened the duration of patency compared to performing balloon angioplasty alone.

대식세포에서 산화질소 생성에 대한 當歸 에탄올 추출물의 억제효과

정미영,박히준,정지행,김진용,강전모,이나경,임사비나 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2007 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2007 No.-

Objective : The Angelica gigas Nakai ethanol extract (AGE) was investigated to compare nitric oxide (NO) production and NF-kB activity from RAW 264.7 cells, since NO and nuclear factor-kB(NF-kB) have been shown to be factors implicated In inflammatory disease. Method : AGE was prepared by extracting medicinal herb with 70% (v/v) ethanol solution. We investigated production nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression by ARE in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. We also investigated inhibition of LPS-induced activation of NF-kB on western blot. Result : LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells increascd NO production and ,iNOS expression. Upon treatment with AGE, nitrite production was significantly inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the untreated control. AGE inhibited this LPS-induced ,iNOS mRNA and protein in a dose-dependent manner. AGE markedly inhibited the expression of iNOS mRNA and protein at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells with AGE blocked inhibitory factor-kBα degradation. Conclusion : This study shows that AGE seems to attenuate inflammation through inhibition of NO production and iNOS expression by blockade of NF-kB activation in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.

진자검사시 근육 길이의 변화를 이용한경직의 정량적 측정

조강희,채진목,서정수,김태민,김봉옥,임현균,이영신 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.4

Lipschitz 비선형 불확정성을 갖는 시스템의 LQ 조정기 안정도 견실성 및 수행성능

강진식,김정주 濟州大學校 情報通信硏究所 1999 情報通信硏究所論文集 Vol.2 No.-

Linear quadratic optimal control, well known. is a powerful design methodology for the linear system with good properties that it guarantees enough gain margin and phase margin. But for the plant with nonlinear uncertainty. there is no guaranteed property. i.e.. stability and performance. and hence there is no conclusion with that properties. In this paper, conditions for the robust stability and performance of LQ control system with nonlinear uncertainty. which can be described by Lipschitz function and bounded by Lipschitz constant. are examined. We suggests two new equations. the one for uncertainty bounds and the other is optimal cost. Also it is shown that the selection of the weighting matrix for state and input affects the uncertainty bound and optimal cost value.

다문화교육에 대한 대구·경북지역 중등학교 국어·사회과 교사의 인식 비교 연구

정진홍,강운선 大邱大學校 師範大學 附設 敎育硏究所 2009 學校敎育硏究 Vol.5 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 대구․경북 지역의 사회과 교사와 국어과 교사는 다문화 교육에 대한 인식과 이해의 정도에서 차이가 있음을 밝히는 것이다. 이를 위하여 다문화교육에 관한 선행연구를 고찰하여 다문화 교육의 목표와 다문화 교육에 대하여 교사들이 취할 수 있는 다양한 관점 등을 정리하고, 그것에 근거하여 설문지를 구성하였다. 설문지는 우편과 온라인의 방법으로 배부하였으며, 169부의 설문지가 분석 대상으로 활용되었다. 다문화교육 이해도와 다문화교육 목표에 대한 관점의 차이를 검증하기 위해 t-test, 분산분석(ANOVA)을 활용하였다. 분석 결과는 국어 교사와 사회과 교사의 다문화교육 이해도에서는 차이가 없었으며, 다문화교육 목표에 대한 관점에서도 오히려 국어 교사가 더 배려적인 것으로 조사되었다. The objective of this study was to examine the degree of understanding and perspective on multicultural education of secondary school Korean and social studies teachers in the Daegu/Gyeongbuk region. In order to achieve the goal of this study, I set the following hypotheses: 1) Social studies teachers will have a higher degree of understanding for multicultural education than Korean teachers; 2) Social studies teachers sided more with the goal of consideration type multicultural education compared to Korean teachers. In order to verify the above-mentioned hypotheses, this study implemented verification and analysis procedure using statistics processing program (SPSS 14.0). In order to examine teachers' characteristics, the degree of understanding for multicultural education, and frequency of the perspectives on the goal of multicultural education, I utilized frequency analysis. In order to verify the reliability of the measurement method, I implemented verification by using Cronbach’s Alpha. In addition, in order to verify the difference of the degree of understanding for multicultural education and perspectives on multicultural education goal according to teachers' census statistical characteristics, I utilized t-test and ANOVA. Therefore, I came up with the following analysis results: First, most of the respondents had heard of multicultural education and understood the concept of multicultural families, however a few teachers understood "negatively" by answering that multicultural education is education for encouraging students from multicultural families, education about minority group cultures, and alternate curriculum for current curriculum, which is for students from multicultural families. Second, respondents answered that they do not agree that multicultural education is for minority groups to give up their mother tongue and culture and accept the mainstream society's culture in order to live in the mainstream society, Third, as a result of the hypotheses verification, Hypothesis 1 and 2 was rejected.

Dimethylnitrosamine에 의하여 유발된 만성 간 병변에 대한 연구

정진영,강대영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1990 충남의대잡지 Vol.17 No.1

In an attempt to elucidate the pathological effects of phenobarbital on dimethylnitrosamine(DMN) induced chronic hepatic lesions, the present studies in the male Sprague-Dawley rats was undertaken to evaluate the number of dysplastic cells and the average nuclear size of 15, 45, 75 and 105 days after DMN injections. The results were as follows : 1. The liver dysplastic cells were present in the DMN treated group, while they were absent in the control. 2. The liver dysplastic cells in the DMN+phenobarbital treated group were more prominent than those of the DMN treated group. 3. The average nuclear size(0.59 to 0.71cm) of dysplastic cells in the DMN treated group was much larger (1.3 to 1.6cm) than that of the control(0.45 to 0.48cm). 4. The average nuclear size(0.63 to 0.71cm) of dysplastic cells in the DMN+ phenobarbital treated group was much larger than that of the DMN treated group (0.59 to 0.68cm). In summary, the result obtained by the present study indicates dimethylnitrosamine induces liver cell dysplasia. The observation also suggests phenobarbital promoted DMN induced liver cell dysplasia.

구강점막 부착용 케토프로펜 고분자 필름의 제조 및 평가

박진석,이상은,강봉석,이경록,이은주,박정숙 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2014 藥學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Abstract – The objective of this study was to prepare ketoprofen-loaded buccal adhesive patch. The adhesive patch was formulated by casting method using aqueous soluble polymer povidone K17 (PVP 17PF) as film-forming agent and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) as adhesive agent. To compare the effect of HPMC type, different molecular weight of K4M and K15M HPMC was used. The physicochemical properties of patches such as appearance, thickness, in vitro release, and adhesiveness were investigated. The concentration of ketoprofen was determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 233 nm. The appearance of prepared patches was semi-transparent, light-yellow or almost colorless, and odorless. Thickness of each patches (n=6) was 0.895 ± 0.033 mm for K4M patch and 0.727 ± 0.036 mm for K15M patch. In vitro release test, both K4M and K15M patches showed over 20% release within 30 min. At 120 min, K4M and K15M patches demonstrated 95% and 67.5% release of ketoprofen, respectively, and up to 240 min, both patches released drug completely. Maximum adhesive force of K4M and K15M patches was 6.571 ± 2.703 gf and 2.735 ± 1.151 gf, respectively. Moreover, it took 28.29 ± 0.38 sec and 28.30 ± 0.34 sec for K4M and K15M patch to peel off them after adhesion, showing no significant difference. In conclusion, thickness, in vitro release, and maximum adhesive force could be modulated by alteration of polymer types.

Intrusion arch wire activation시 상악 견치에 가해진 초기응력의 유한요소법을 통한 고찰

강정원,차경석,이진우 대한치과교정학회 1998 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.28 No.3

본 연구는 유한요소법을 사용하여 상악견치에 intrusion arch wire를 강제로 engage시켰을 때 상악 견치와 치근막에서 발생되는 압축력과 인장력의 분포의 양을 알아보고 어느 부분에 집중되는가를 분석하였다. 또한 각 부분에서의 압축력과 인장력의 비율을 비교하기 위해서 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 상악 견치의 FA point와 백악법랑경계부분에서는 압축력과 인장력의 비율이 거의 비슷하게 나타났다. 2. 치근첨 부분에서는 압축력이 인장력의 거의 4배정도 크게 나타났다. Intrusion force적용시 치근흡수 정도가 치근첨에서 발생되는 것을 정량화시켜서 보여준 결과이다. 3. 백악법랑경계부분은 즉 FA point를 제외하고는 압축력과 인장력이 가장 큰 값을 보이고 있다. 즉 치아에 교정력이 직접 적용된 부분을 제외하고는 치아와 치주인대가 처음 접촉되는 백악법랑경계부에서 응력이 집중되는 것을 유추할 수 있다. The purpose of this study was to find the distribution and measurement of compressive and tensile stress when intrusi-on arch wire is forced engage with upper canine and to analysis stress at each section through FEM. And we compare compressive and tensile ratio at each section. The results were as follows. 1. At FA point and cemento-enamel junction of upper canine, compressive and tensile force ratio is about the same. 2. At apex, compressive force is the four times as tensile force ; In intrusion, we show root resorption at apex. 3. At Cemento-enamel junction, the compressive and tensile force show the maximum value except FA point.

항정신병약물을 처음으로 사용하는 초발 정신증 환자에서 나타나는 체중 및 대사성 지표의 변화 : 후향적 연구

김우진,심주철,공보금,강제욱,문정준,김정은,김민걸,박민경,김성진,김현정,정도운 대한생물치료정신의학회 2011 생물치료정신의학 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives:This study was to identify weight & metabolic changes in first-episode psychotic patients with antipsychotics use and investigate the differences of weight & metabolic changes between first-episode psychotic patients and controls with antipsychotics use. Method:In this retrospective study, twenty eight first-episode psychotic patients and twenty eight controls with schizophrenia, schizoaffective or bipolar disorder defined by DSM-IV criteria were included. Information about demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects was gathered from the medical records. Also body weight, sBP, dBP, fasting glucose, lipid profile and WBC count were evaluated before and after antipsychotics use. Rogistic regression was conducted to assess factors associated with weight gain. Results:First-episode psychotic patients showed more weight and BMI changes than controls after antipsychotics use, and these changes continue over 12 months. On the other hand, there were no significant factors associated with weight gain. Conclusion:The results of present study suggest that antispychotics is one of the major causes inducing weight gain of psychotic patients and antipsychotics-induced weight gain is more vulnerable to drug-naive first-episode psychotic patients.