정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

40ㆍ50대 일부 남성근로자의 골감소증 및 골다공증 유병실태와 위험요인

장윤균,서현주,진영우,정미선,성숙희,박두용,김종순,김수근 大韓産業醫學會 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

목적: 최근 국내에서도 골다공증과 관련된 생활양식의 규명에 관한 연구가 이루어지고 있으나, 아직까지 남성 골다공증에 대한 연구가 활발하게 이루어지지 않아 40, 50대 남성근로자를 대상으로 유병률을 파악하고, 골감소증 및 골다공증 관련 위험요인을 확인하고자 하였다. 방법: 원자력발전소에 근무하는 40, 50대 남성 근로자 2,073명을 대상으로 2004년 3월~7월 기간동안 생활습관을 파악하기 위하여 자기기입식 전산입력 방식으로 최종학력, 흡연여부, 음주여부, 신체활동 횟수를 조사하였고, 골밀도검사, 체성분검사(체지방률, 허리-엉덩이둘레비), 신체계측(신장, 체중)을 시행하였고, 골밀도 검사는 Osteosys사의 EXE-3000을 이용하여 종골부위를 측정하였고, 체지방률, 허리-엉덩이 둘레비는 Biospace사의 Inbody 3.0을 이용하여 측정하였다. 통계분석은 골감소증 및 골다공증의 관련요인을 분석하기 위해 다중로지스틱회귀분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 연구대상자의 골감소증 및 골다공증 유병률은 22.8%와 3.0%이었으며, 골감소증 및 골다공증의 관련요인으로는 연령이 증가할수록, 흡연자이거나 과거흡연자일 경우, 체질량지수가 25 kg/m^(2) 미만일 경우, 30분 이상 신체활동 횟수가 주 3회 미만일 경우가 유의한 연관성이 있었다. 결론: 성인 남성 40, 50대의 골감소증 및 골다공증의 유병률이 높은 편이었으며, 골감소증 및 골다공증으로 이환을 예방하기 위하여 금연, 활발한 신체활동을 촉진하여 골밀도를 개선시키는 생활습관으로의 변화를 권고해야 할 것이다. Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of osteopenia and osteoporosis in 40-59 year-old male workers working at nuclear power plants. Methods: Bone density, body composition, and anthropometry data were analyzed for 2,073 subjects were carried out from March 2004 to July, 2004. Educational level, smoking status, drinking status and frequency of physical activity were investigated by self-reported questionnaires through internet to identify lifestyles related to bone mass density. Bone mass density was measured by EXE-3000 of Osteosys Co. And body fat percentage, and waist-to-hip ratio by inbody 3.0 of Biospace Co. Results: The prevalence of ostepeniaosteopenia and osteoporosis was 22.8% and 3.0%, respectively. According to multinominal multinomial logistic regression analysis, age, smoking status (current smoker and former smoker), low body mass index (< 25kg/m^(2)), and frequency of physical activity were significantly associated with osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusions: The prevalence of ostcopenia and osteoporosis wasseemed high for the, when it was inferred from subjects' age compared to the results of previous studies. The This study results suggeststhat it is necessary for 40-59 year-old male workers to stop smoking, and exercise regularly in order to prevent osteopenia and osteoporosis.

cis-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxabicyclo[5.3.0]decan-7-one의 합성 및 비대칭 탈수소화 반응

장문희,김희두 숙명여자대학교 약학연구소 1996 약학논문집-숙명여자대학교 Vol.12 No.-

cis-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxabicyclo[5. 3. 0]decan-7-one, a useful synthon in organic synthesis, was synthesized via 6 steps starting from cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, and was converted into the chiral silyl enol ether by asymmetric deprotonation.

Lenin의 帝國主義의 中國的 受容 : 毛澤東의 常國主義觀을 중심으로

朴昌熙,孔冀斗 단국대학교 1986 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

In volume Ⅱ of Capital Marx had analysed the principles of Capitalist society that govern the accumulation of "total social capital", and the conditions under which consumer goods are realized under "extended reproduction". The gist of his argument was that in a society producing in an exclusively Capitalist fashion, there would take place a continual accumulation of Capital, whatever was produced being duly absorbed by the home market without recourse to external outlets. Marx' treatment of this subject was later to give rise to much controversy. Hence Lenin written Imperialism: The highest statge of Capitalism, 1916. Its immediate aim was to show that "the war of 1914 was on both sides Imperialist", but its central thesis is that Imperialism is a direct continuation of the fundamental properties of Capitalism in general". It is held by communists to represent a notable advance in Marxist economics. Lenin had analysed the problems of Capitalism from the quite different angle, suggested by J.A. Hobson's Imperialism(1902), Rudolph Hilferding's Finanz-Kapital(1910), and Rosa Luxemburg's Die Akkumulation des Kapitals(1913). According to Lenin, "Imperialism is Capitalism in that stage of development in which the domination of monopoly and finance capital has taken shape; in which the export of capital has acquired pronounced importance; in which the division of the world by international trusts has begun; and in which the partion of all the territory of the earth by the greatest Capitalist countries has been completed." Lenin made a point that the feature of Imperialism as follows; A. Imperialism explained the continued accumulation of capital, since the Imperialist countries were able not only to sell their products to backward countries, but to obtain raw materials from them at low prices...... B. Imperialism contained internal contradictions which would hasten the collapse of Capitalism...... C. Imperialism intensified the operation of the "law of uneven development"...... D. Imperialism must therefore lead to war...... Hence Marxists contend, contrary to all evidence, that both the world wars were due to Imperialism in their sense of the struggle for colonial outlets, in accordance with their central thesis that every conflict must have an economic cause. Anti-Imperialism henceforth became an important part of the communist programe, and was directed to broadening the basis of the proletarian classconsciousness, and at the same time to wakening the Capitalist system by formenting or supporting liberation movements on the part of backward peoples who were taught to regard themselves as victims of exploitation. After the 1917 revolution in Russia, Lenin's theory of Imperialism had reflected in Chinese intellectuals, and they established the Chinese Communist Party in 1921. At that time, Mao tse-tung was among about a dozen Chinese revolutionaries. Beginning in 1938 after the Japanese invaded China, Mao tse-tung began to write and lecture seriously on ideological subjects and to develop what was to be known as "Mao tse-tung Thought, the so-called Mao's New Democracy". According to Mao's New Democracy, Mao was originally drawn to communist ideology in his scarch for a means to liberate China from foreign control. For this purpose, Mao had strongly suggested that the formation of the United Front to the Guomindang in order to resistance to the Japanese invader. Especially after 1937. Marxism-Leninism continued to appear a viable model for the modernization of Chinese society, and, perhaps more importantly,. Anti-Imperialism served as a sound justification for the new national sentiment that permeating the Chinese masses. Mao was, after all, Chinese and the Japanese invasion of 1937 unleashed his own patriotic attachment to Chinese national tradition just as it encouraged Nationalism among the general population. In Mao's view, what was specifically different about the Chinese case was that China's troubles could be traced directly to colonial exploitation, the latest instance being the Japanese occupation. In short, the "Signification of Marxism" was, in essence, the Maoist transformation of Communist revolution into a struggle for National liberation. The essence of Mao's contribution to Marxist revolutionary practice was his reorientation of the revolution to the rural peasantry, his emphasis on the character of a protracted guerrilla war. While these ideas emerged in response to the pressures of revolutionary struggle, they were eventually transformed into a foundation for the development of postrevolutionary China. Mao never distinguished between revolutionary action and national development. He believed that the same strategy and commitment that brought the Communists to power in China could eventually transform China into a modern Socialist system. In this regard the source of his revolutionary success was the seed of his postrevolutionary failure, but mao never abandoned his commitment to the revolutionary principles of what became known as the "Mass Line". The mass line has been described as "the most pervasive concept in CCP doctrine", and as "the heart…of Mao tse-tung lifelong revolutionary strategy". Through it Mao expressed his fundamental belief in the importance of the people of China to the success of any revolutionary effort. The mass line was an affirmation of voluntarism as opposed to impersonal historic inevitability, and of a system of political leadership that required constant interaction between the party and the people. Therefore, Lenin's theory of Imperialism was supersed by the Mao tse-tung's thought, the so-called "Contradiction" in China. The post world war Ⅱ. Mao's protracted guerrilla warfare had rapidly spread into the third world for the purpose of communist revolution.

共同住宅 建築工事의 工程計劃 最適化 方案에 관한 硏究

이두진,이창희 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.3 No.1(A)

The purpose of this study was to establish a new scheduling and construction management for rational scheduling and management of building construction that are the essence of construction management. It is to provide the optimization of scheduling in multi-family building construction. In the previous research, the number of building for the optimization of scheduling in multi-family building construction was in the case of the same condition between the number of building and the cycle time of construction, and of a constant multiple proportion between the minimum working and the rate of working time in building construction. Even though it satisfied the number of building and construction condition, however, it was not the optimized condition when the minimum working and the rate of working time building construction are not a constant multiple proportion. Thus, to obtain the minimum duration and maximum rate of working time, the method for the optimization of scheduling is made by using adjustment of scheduling which are composed of conjoining, disjoining, and changing of construction.

공정관리 소프트웨어의 운영실태에 관한 연구

이두진,이창희,최민권 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.3 No.2(C)

Recently, As large scale construction works are widely prevalent a more scientific approach to construction management is required. also, each construction company is searching for a new computer information management system as part of computerization of construction management. Especially in the field of process control management, which constitutes the core of construction management business, a software system that is already available in the market is used, while new software systems are being developed. but, the effective ness of process control softwares as they are used today is yet to be verified. Therefore, the purposes of this study are to identify the problems of process control through investigating the operational realities of process control software in the construction field.

지지막을 이용하는 액막 추출기 내에서 아연 이온의 이동

주창식,이석희,이민규,홍성수,하홍두,정석기 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.2

For the purpose of development of a liquid membrane permeator which separates metal ions from aqueous solutions continuously and effectively, a continuous membrane permeator with the membrane solution trapped between extraction and stripping phases by two micro-porous hydrophilic films was manufactured. Experimental researches on the separation of zinc ion from aqueous solutions were performed in the liquid membrane permeator with 30 vol % D_2EHPA solution in kerosine as liquid membrane. As results, the liquid membrane permeator separates zinc ion from aqueous solutions continuously and effectively in the wide range of operating conditions. A simple mass transfer rate model using equilibrium constant of the extraction reaction for the system used were proposed, and the model was compared with experimental results of separation of zinc ion in the permeator. And the effects of operating factors, such as space time, pH of extraction solution, extraction temperature, on the separation rate of zinc ion in the permeator were experimentally examined.

유체-구조물-지반 상호작용을 고려한 항만구조물의 지진응답 해석

김두기,류희룡,장성규,서형렬 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

This paper presents the result of a study on the fluid-structure-soil interaction(FSSI) of a port structure under earthquakes. In this analysis, the fluid is modeled by the 4-node element which is a modification of a structural plane elements, and the port structure and foundation is modelled by the plane strain elements. Since the present method directly models the fluid-structure-soil interaction system by finite elements, if can be easily applied to the dynamic analysis of a 2-D port structure with complex geometry. Finally, results of seismic analyses are presented and compared to those of the seismic coefficient and the added mass methods.

Swivel joint를 이용한 비대칭 발치증례의 교정적 공간폐쇄

고창희,임성훈,김광원,정동기,김도영,박선주,양용근 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2003 口腔生物學硏究 Vol.27 No.1

Extraction therapy is popular treatment protocol in orthodontics. Generally, symmetric premolar extraction is performed. But, in some cases, asymmetric extraction is required to solve asymmetric dental alignment. But asymmetric extraction treatment has side effects and disadvantages like a) collapse of dental arch form. b) canting of occlusal plane, c) extended treatment duration. For a good treatment result, we applied the orthodontic space closing arch wire with swivel joint to allow rotational movement of arch wire segments during space closure, Now we present a case treated with orthodontic space closing arch wire with swivel joint.

建築生産에 따른 社會的 問題點의 實態硏究

이창희,이두진 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.3 No.1(B)

Owners, designers, and contractors are understood in general as three main constituents of the building construction. The present-day building contractors are understood to be profits-seeking neglecting due procedures. Unfair building administration traits might be added to the three elements stated above causing to various social problems. In this paper, the author analized newspaper reports(from the latter part of year 1991 to the early 1997) related to building construction problems in the course of (as well as after completion of) buildings in nine months duration.