Factors associated with the risk of colorectal neoplasia in young adults under age 40

Ilsoo Kim,Han Hee Lee,Young Jae Ko,Ho Eun Chang,Dae Young Cheung,Bo-In Lee,Young-Seok Cho,Jin Il Kim,Myung-Gyu Choi 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.5

Background/Aims: Recent epidemiologic studies have shown a continued increase in colorectal cancer incidence among younger adults. Little is known about the factors that contribute to the development of young-onset colorectal neoplasia (CRN). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed for individuals younger than 40 years who underwent colonoscopy in Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital and its affiliated health screening center. High-risk CRN was defined as adenoma or sessile serrated lesion ≥ 10 mm, with three or more adenomas, villous histology, high grade dysplasia, or carcinoma. Results: Of these 13,621 included participants, 2,023 (14.9%) had one and more CRN. Young patients with CRN tended to be elderly, male, obese, smoker, having a habit of drinking, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. In a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, obesity, smoking status, and alcohol intake, old age (odds ratio [OR], 1.086; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.054 to 1.119), male sex (OR, 1.748; 95% CI, 1.247 to 2.451), obesity (OR, 1.439; 95% CI, 1.133 to 1.828), and smoking (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.287 to 2.127) were independent risk factors for overall CRN. Obesity and smoking as two modifiable factors increased the risk for high-risk CRN even more than for overall CRN (OR, 1.734; 95% CI, 1.168 to 2.575 and OR, 1.797; 95% CI, 1.172 to 2.753, respectively). Conclusions: Obesity and smoking were modifiable risk factors for CRN in young adults. They increased the risk for highrisk CRN even more than for overall CRN. A colonoscopy might be beneficial for young individuals with these factors.

젊은 성인에서 흡연에 의한 상완동맥 내피기능의 부전에 관한 연구

이상철,권영주,방덕원,이선해,이보영,김지욱,김영훈,온영근,현민수,김성구 순천향의학연구소 2002 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.8 No.1

Background and Objectives : Cigarette smoking is a major factor and the most modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherosclerosis, before the structural change of the systemic arteries. We hypothesized that endothelial dysfunction might be present in the systemic arteries of young adult smokers and that this might be dose-dependent phenomenon. Therefore, we try to certify that smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults without other risk factor of atherosclerosis. Subjects and Methods : we studied noninvasively 29 subjects aged 3 to 4 decades without other risk factor of atherosclerosis, they were composed of the two groups, current smokers(n=15) and nonsmokers(n=14). Smoking history varied from 3 to 20 pack years. Using high-resolution ultrasound, vessel diameter and mean flow rate were measured at rest, during reactive hyperemia(with flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation), and after sublingual nitroglycerin(NG-induced endothelium-independent vasodilation). Result : Flow mediated endothelium dependent dilation was observed in the control subjects (9.4±3.44%) but was impaired in the smokers(5.8±2.51%)(p=0.004). NG-induced endothelium independent dilation is no difference in all subjects. Conclusion : Cigarette smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults.

Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique으로 근관충전시 치근면 온도상승 분석

김영주,황윤찬,김선호,황인남,최보영,정영진,정우남,오원만 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluate safety to the supporting tissues of the root while the root canal is obturated using continuous wave of condensation technique. A extracted maxillary central incisor was prepared for repeated canal obturation. After conventional access opening, working length was then established to the point 1㎜ from anatomical root apex. The root canal was prepared with GT rotary Ni-Ti file (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). Five thermocouples (Onega Engineering Inc., USA) were placed at 2㎜ increments on one side beginning 1㎜ from the anatomical root apex and the other five thermocouples at 2㎜ increments on the other side beginning 2㎜ from it. For obturation, a nonstandardized medium size gutta-percha cone and a ML Buchanan plugger (Analytic technologies, USA) were selected. After drying of root canal, AH 26 root canal sealer (Dentsply Detrey, Germany) was applied on the wall of the root canal. Baseline temperature was measured on the root surface. The ML size plugger was preheated for 2seconds and then the real temperature of it was recorded before insertion into the root canal. The root canal was obturated with continuous wave of condensation technique as described by Buchanan. The root surface temperature was recorded during obturation and it was performed ten times at each of the following temperature settings: 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃. After completion of the temperature recording, the dentinal-cementum thickness at each sites where thermocouples were attached was measured. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's test and linear regression test. The results were as follows. 1. When the temperature was set at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ on the digital display of System B HeatSource, the real temperature of the plugger at the 1㎜ point from the tip revealed 130.82±2.96℃, 158.00±5.26℃, 215.92±6.91℃ and 249.88±3.65℃ respectively. 2. The position of 8 ㎜ from the anatomical apex showed the highest temperature increase at each temperature settings and it was significantly higher than those of other positions (p<0.01). The temperature rise was constantly increased toward coronal portion from apex of the root. 3. The maximum temperature increase on the root surface was 2.37±0.09℃ at 150℃ setting, 3.11±0.12℃ at 200℃ setting, 3.93± 0.09℃ at 250℃ setting and 5.69± 0.15℃ at 300℃ setting. These results suggest that it be relatively kind to the supporting tissues of the root that the root canal is obturated using continuous wave of condensation technique at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ temperature settings on digital display of System B HeatSource.

독성물질의 세포사 기전 및 세포사 유발물질의 검색법 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅱ) : 망간 신경독성을 이용한 파킨슨증 모델의 세포사 Studies on the Mechanism of Parkinsonism induced by Manganese

김종민,박창원,오정자,이보경,서경원,서수경,김규봉,김종원,김광진,김영옥,전범석,박찬웅,이선희 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

1960년대 이후 파킨슨병의 유발물질 중 한 후보로서 망간이 주목받으면서 많은 역학적, 병러학적 연구가 수행죄브다. 그러나 망간이 파킨슨병을 직접 일으키는지, 혹은 파킨슨병과 관련된 부위의 신경세포를 파괴시쿡 파킨슨증만을 초래하는 것인지가 아직 정립되지 않은 실정이다 본 연구에서는 실험동물모델에서 행등학적 변화 측정 및 병리학적, 샐화학적 연구를 통하여 망간의 과다노출글 따른 파킨슨병 유발 여부를 확인하고자 하였다. Sprague-Datylet· 렛드에 망간을 1, 2, 5, 10 mgAg/day의 응량으로 30일 등안 복강 투여하였을 때 모든 망간투여군에서 운동성 감소가 관찰되었다. 뇌조직의 망간 함량을 ion chromatograph?로 측정한 결과 중뇌 흑질과 기저핵 선조체에서 망간 함량의 뚜렷한 증가 소견이 관찰되었으며, 니슬염색체서 선조체의 신경세포수의 유의성 있는 감소가 관찰되었다. 그러나, 흑질의 TH효소 면역염색, GFAP 면역염색, 흑질과 선조체의 T릿효소 western blot 결과는 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과에서, 망간-파킨슨증 모델에서 파킨슨증어 유발되는 기전은 흑질 도파민성 신경 세포의 신호를 받는 선조체 씬경세포의 사멸에 의한 것으로 생각된다. 결론적으로, 망간 독성에 의한 파킨스증 모델에서는 파킨슨 병과는 달리 흑질 도파민성 신경세포의 세포사는 관여하지 않는 것으로 관찰되었다. Manganese(Mn) intoxication causes a parkinsonian syndrome. It may be difficult to distinguish Mn-induced parkinsonism from idiopathic Parkinson disease(IPD). Neuropathological descriptions on the brains with Mn intoxication showed the perferential damage in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticularis. Pathological reports on the substantia nigra pars compacta(SNpc), a mafor focus of pathologic changes in IPD, are discordant and controversial. The SNpc involvement is of critical importance for the elucidation of pathogenesis of IPD. Therefore, the neurodegeneration in SNpc was investigated in the experimental model of Mn neurotoxicity. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered with manganese chloride(1, 2, 5, 10 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 30 days. Treated animals showed low levels of distance-traveled from locomotor activity tests. Ion chromatography revealed that Mn accumulation was significant in SN and basal ganglia in Mn-treated animals. Nissl staining showed neuronal loss of the striatum in all treated animals. The degree of neurodegeneration in SN was determined by immunohistochemical staining of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH). The numbers of TH-positive cells on nigral sections were not different from each groups(P>0.05). The densities of glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity from SN were similar between groups. TH-westen blotting showed no differences between treated animals and controls. In conclusion, the SNpc remains intact in Mn intoxication, and Mn-induced parkinsonism may be caused by damages of output pathways downstream to the nigrostriatal dopminergic system.

관상동맥 스텐트 시술 후의 재협착에 관한 연구

김윤철,이정우,김보영,강정아,임대승,이민수,김정희,성보영,최성준,성인환,전은석 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.1

Coronary stent implacement is known as an effective treatment in the intimal dissection after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and the prevention of restenosis. However, In-stent restenosis still remains a major concern in clinical stenting. The stents were placed in 103 patients from July 1996 to March 1999 and performed follow-up coronary angiograms in 59(57.3%) patients. To identify the clinical, angiographic and procedurerelated variables 'which predict late restenosis within the stented artery, 59 patients(58.3±9.9, M:F= 41:18) were studied. The clinical characteristics of the patients were stable angina in 23(39.0%), unstable angina in 14(23.7%), acute myocardial infarction in 21(35.6%) and old myocardial infarction in 1(1.7%). Coronary stenting was performed in 1 patient(1.7%) for primary lesion, 50 patients(84.7%) for suboptimal results after PTCA, 6 patients(10.2%) for bail-out procedure, and 2 patients(3.4%) for restenotic lesions. All patients were treated with aspirin and ticlopidinc. The follow-up angiograms were obtained at 7±4 months. The overall in-stent restenosis rate was 27.1%. The coronary angiographic findings were 32 single vessel(54.2%), 19 two vessel(32.2%) and 8 three vessel disease(13.6%). The angiographic morphological characteristics were type A in 33(55.9%), type B in 14(23.7%), type C in 12(20. 3%) cases. Variables of 16 patients with restenosis were compared with those of 43 patients without restenosis. Previously known predictors for in-stent restenosis were multiple stenting, stenting for restenotic lesions, residual stenosis after stenting, stenting for total occlusion lesions, reference diameter, balloon to vessel ratio, acute gain and minimal luminal diameter after procedure, design and characteristics of stents, ostial lesion of aorta, high pressure method for stenting, lesion length, diabetes mellitus, size of artheroma, saphenous vein grafts, ulcerlating lesions and calcified lesions. In this study, Reference diameter before stenting(2.43±0.54mm vs. 2.88±0.65mm, p=0.016) and balloon-to-artery ratio(1.28±0.26 vs. 1.11±0.18, p=0.006) were predictors for in-stent restenosis. 1) The overall in-stent restenosis rate was 27.1%. 2) In the analysis of predictors for in-stent restenosis, there was no significant differences in clinical, angiographic factors between group with restenosis and without restenosis. But, Only reference diameter before stenting and balloon-toartery ratio were predictors of late in-stent restenosis. In conclusion, stenting is effective revascularisation method for selected patients with ischemic heart disease, and to minimize in-stent restenosis rate, stent implanting is achieved in a large vessel on the basis of an artery-to-stnet ration of 1:1, if possible.

Associations between prospective symptom changes and slow-wave activity in patients with Internet gaming disorder : A resting-state EEG study

Kim, Yeon Jin,Lee, Jun-Young,Oh, Sohee,Park, Minkyung,Jung, Hee Yeon,Sohn, Bo Kyung,Choi, Sam-Wook,Kim, Dai Jin,Choi, Jung-Seok Wolters Kluwer Health 2017 Medicine Vol.96 No.8

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The identification of the predictive factors and biological markers associated with treatment-related changes in the symptoms of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) may provide a better understanding of the pathophysiology underlying this condition. Thus, the present study aimed to identify neurophysiological markers associated with symptom changes in IGD patients and to identify factors that may predict symptom improvements following outpatient treatment with pharmacotherapy. The present study included 20 IGD patients (mean age: 22.71 ± 5.47 years) and 29 healthy control subjects (mean age: 23.97 ± 4.36 years); all IGD patients completed a 6-month outpatient management program that included pharmacotherapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Resting-state electroencephalography scans were acquired prior to and after treatment, and the primary treatment outcome was changes in scores on Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) from pre- to posttreatment. IGD patients showed increased resting-state electroencephalography activity in the delta and theta bands at baseline, but the increased delta band activity was normalized after 6 months of treatment and was significantly correlated with improvements in IGD symptoms. Additionally, higher absolute theta activity at baseline predicted a greater possibility of improvement in addiction symptoms following treatment, even after adjusting for the effects of depressive or anxiety symptoms. The present findings demonstrated that increased slow-wave activity represented a state neurophysiological marker in IGD patients and suggested that increased theta activity at baseline may be a favorable prognostic marker for this population.</P>

유제놀에 의한 즉시형 알레르기 반응의 억제

김상현,신태용,김형룡,이영미,이은희,신보경,김윤철,안년형,김형민 우석대학교 의약품개발연구소 1996 藥學硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

The current study evaluates the capacity of eugenol to regulate immediate allergic reaction by control of histamine release. Administrations of eugenol (1 M/kg. i.p.) at 60 min before and 5.10 min after the compound 48/80 treatment (8 mg/kg.i.p.) were shown the mortality rates as 0.44.4. and 77.8%. respectively. A 60 min before administered group revealed a singificant inhibition of serum his-tamine release compared with those of 5 and 10 min after the compound 48/80 injection. Eugenol (6-48mM) was also showed a dose-dependent activity on the compound 48/80-induced histamine release from the highly purified population of Alcian Blue-positive peritoneal mast cells. These results indicate that in vitro treatment with exogenous eugenol inhibited the active response of mast cell populations and modulated its characteristics.

성인에서 장기간 Furosemide오용과 연관된 신수질 석회화

김윤구,이윤하,이규백,장세호,김대중,오하영,김보현,김미경,조윤숙 대한신장학회 1996 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.15 No.4

Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique으로 근관충전시 치근면 온도상승 분석

김영주,황윤찬,김선호,황인남,최보영,정영진,정우남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2003 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.28 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluate the temperature rise on the root surface while the root canal is being obturated using continuous wave of condensation technique. Maxillary central incisor was prepared for repeated canal obturation. Ten thermocouples (Omega Engineering Inc., Stanford, USA) were placed at 1mm increment from the anatomical root apex. The real temperature of Buchanan plugger was recorded before insertion into the root canal. The root canal was obturated with continuous wave of condensation technique as described by Buchanan and the root surface temperature was recorded during obturation at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ temperature settings of System B HeatSource (Model 1005, Analytic technologies, Redmond, WA, USA). After completion of the temperature recording, the dentinal-cementum thickness at each sites was measured. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's test and linear regression test. The results were as follows. 1. When the temperature was set at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ on the digital display of System B HeatSource, the real temperature of the plugger at the 1mm point from the tip revealed 130.82±2.96℃ 158.00±5.26℃, 215.93±6.91℃ and 249.88±3.65℃ respectively. 2. The position of 8 mm from the anatomical apex showed the highest temperature increase at each temperature settings and it was significantly higher than those of other positions (p<0.01). The temperature rise was constantly increased toward coronal portion from apex of the root. 3. The maximum temperature increase on the root surface was 2.37±0.09℃ at 150℃ setting, 3.11±0.12℃ at 200℃ setting, 3.93±0.09℃ at 250℃ setting and 5.69±0.15℃ at 300℃ setting respectively. These results suggest that it be relatively kind to the supporting tissues of the root that the root canal is obturated using continuous wave of condensation technique at 150℃, 200℃, 250℃ and 300℃ temperature settings on digital temperature display of System B HeatSource.

Biofilm Formation and Cell Surface Properties of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Various Sources

Bo-Ram Kim,Young-Min Bae,Jin-Ha Hwang,이선영 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.2

This study investigated biofilm formation, cell surface hydrophobicity, colony spreading, and slime production for 112 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from various sources (leaf vegetables, pea leaf, perilla leaf, Kim-bab, person, and animal). When biofilm formation was classified by origin, S. aureus isolated from animal origin showed a significantly higher level of biofilm formation than others (p≤0.05). When S. aureus groups with different levels of biofilm formation (very strong, strong, moderate, and weak) were evaluated for the correlation with cell surface properties, there was a positive correlation between biofilm formation and hydrophobicity (r=0.926). Biofilm formation and colony spreading on tryptic soy broth (without dextrose) also showed positive correlation (r=0.863). In contrast, biofilm formation and slime production were negatively correlated (r= −0.973). Based on these results, the biofilm forming ability of S. aureus differs depending on their origin and might be affected by cell surface properties such as cell surface hydrophobicity.