노인운동의 변화단계에 따른 의사결정 균형에 대한 연구

김소인,전영자,박은숙,김순용,장성옥,이평숙,이숙자 성인간호학회 2000 성인간호학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Purpose : This study was carried out to identify the factor of decisional balance for exercise. This was composed of a set of variables at the level of decision making when the elderly decide to do exercise. It was used to classify and identify the characteristics of the stages of change for exercise to which the elderly belong, and was used to identify the variables of decisional balance which influence the stage of change for exercise in the elderly. Methods : Convenient samples of 198 subjects over age 60 in Seoul(mean age=70) were selected from community living, mentally competent older adults and the data was collected from April 1, 1999 to May 31, 1999. The research instrument was the Decisional Balance Measure for Exercise(Marcus & Owen., 1992), Stage of Change Measure(Marcus et al, 1992). The data was analyzed by SAS Program. Results: 1. According to stage of change measure, without missing data, 191 subjects were distributed in each stage of change for exercise : 50 subjects(26.1%), 7 subjects(3.6%), 52 subjects(27.2%), 4 subjects(2%), and 78 subjects(40.8%) belonged to the pre-contemplation stage, contemplation stage, preparation stage, action stage and maintenance stage. 2. Factor analysis identified 3 factors of decisional balance as appropriate factors for excise of the elderly and named by researchers; 1)'Perceived Physical-psychological benefit', 2)'Perceived Physical-psychological burden', and 3)'Perceived time burden'. 3. The analysis of variance showed that the two components Perceived Physical - psychological benefit(F=45.95, p=.0001), and Perceived Physical-psychological burden(F=26.52, P=.001) were significantly associated with stage of change. 4. Through the discriminant analysis, it was found that both 'Self Perceived Physical-Psychological benefit' and 'Perceived Physical-Psychological burden' were the influential variables in discriminating the three stages of change(pre-contemplation, preparation, and maintenance). Conclusion: Results are consistent with the application of the Transtheoretical model, which has been used to understand how people change health behaviors. Even though this study is a cross-sectional, not a longitudinal study, the findings of this study give useful information for exercise intervention about especially the factors relating to decision making for exercise of the elderly in the different stages of change of exercise.

현대 광고에 나타난 키치(Kitch) 표현 연구 : 국내 잡지 광고를 중심으로

장지인,장순석 동덕여자대학교 디자인연구소 2006 디자인포럼21 Vol.9 No.-

현대 산업사회에서는 대중소비문화가 커다란 계층을 형성하고 있으며,사회구조가 다원화됨에 따라 소비자들의 의식구조 또한 개성을 중심으로 자기만족을 지향하는 사고로 전환되고 있다. 오늘날 우리는 일상의 삶에서 키치와 끊임없이 관계를 맺고 있으며,키치로부터 자유로울 수 없다. 특히,현대에는 저급한 내용의 키치가 고급 대중문화 매체인 광고와 만나면서 다양한 소비자들의 욕구를 창조하게 되었고, 광고의 영향력 또한 그 속에 포함된 키치적 특성에 의해 소비자의 생활패턴을 지배하기에 이르렀다. 최근 광고의 표현에서는 설명보다는 기호와 이미지를 중시하고 언뜻 보아서는 무슨 내용인지 감이 안 잡히는 광고가 유행하고 있는데,이러한 광고들이 감각적이고 가벼운 것을 좋아하며,무거운 것을 거부하는 신세대들의 취향을 절묘하게 만족시키고 있는 것이다. 광고가 문화를 반영함에 따라 소비자들은 더욱 개성과 다양성을 추구하며,기호가 더욱 세분화되고 무언가 다른 것을 원하는 문화의 비주류현상으로 인하여 오늘날에는 이러한 키치광고가 주를 이루는 현실에 이르렀다. In recent decade, consumer behavior based on the various social structures is being transferred to the new era with self-satisfaction and strengthened individuality of consumers, so that public consumption is an unavoidable factor in modern industrial society. In this respect, it is apparent to say that we would not merely be able to explain our ordinary life without 'kitsch', In particular, kitsch is often able to be combined with advertising media, the upper cultural vehicle, in the latest years that can create various types of consumer demands and desires. In the meantime, the advertising in accordance with kitsch elements is heavilyinfluential to the life pattern and behaviors of consumers. In consideration of latest trends of advertising, symbol and image are distinctively popular which seems to be somewhat ambiguous to the consumers rather than just explanation. It is due to thefact that this trend of advertising might be able to meet the requirement of consumers consisted of young generation who prefer light and sensible advertising expression to serious and traditional advertising. As culture is reflected in the advertising, consumers conduct further the pursuit of individuality and diversity in conjunction with diversityof symbol in depth and the demand of uniqueness.For these above-mentioned reasons, kitsch can be regarded as a main concept of advertising g trend at present.

Glucotoxicity in the INS-1 Rat Insulinoma Cell Line Is Mediated by the Orphan Nuclear Receptor Small Heterodimer Partner

Park, Keun-Gyu,Lee, Kyeong-Min,Seo, Hye-Young,Suh, Ji-Ho,Kim, Hye-Soon,Wang, Li,Won, Kyu-Chang,Lee, Hyoung-Woo,Park, Joong-Yeol,Lee, Ki-Up,Kim, Jung-Guk,Kim, Bo-Wan,Choi, Hueng-Sik,Lee, In-Kyu American Diabetes Association 2007 Diabetes Vol.56 No.2

<P>Prolonged elevations of glucose concentration have deleterious effects on beta-cell function. One of the hallmarks of such glucotoxicity is a reduction in insulin gene expression, resulting from decreased insulin promoter activity. Small heterodimer partner (SHP; NR0B2) is an atypical orphan nuclear receptor that inhibits nuclear receptor signaling in diverse metabolic pathways. In this study, we found that sustained culture of INS-1 cells at high glucose concentrations leads to an increase in SHP mRNA expression, followed by a decrease in insulin gene expression. Inhibition of endogenous SHP gene expression by small interfering RNA partially restored high-glucose-induced suppression of the insulin gene. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of SHP in INS-1 cells impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion as well as insulin gene expression. SHP downregulates insulin gene expression via two mechanisms: by downregulating PDX-1 and MafA gene expression and by inhibiting p300-mediated pancreatic duodenal homeobox factor 1-and BETA2-dependent transcriptional activity from the insulin promoter. Finally, the pancreatic islets of diabetic OLETF rats express SHP mRNA at higher levels than the islets from LETO rats. These results collectively suggest that SHP plays an important role in the development of beta-cell dysfunction induced by glucotoxicity.</P>

Dipyridamole 부하 심근 SPECT에서 Dipyridamole의 작용과 부작용

고창순(Chang Soon Koh),이명철(Myung Chul Lee),정준기(June Key Chung),이동수(Dong Soo Lee),최창운(Chang Woon Choi),배상균(Sang Kyun Bae),양형인(Hyung In Yang),여정석(Jeong Suk Yeo) 대한핵의학회 1993 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.27 No.2

N/A Dipyridamole is an agent that may be used to noninvasively evaluate coronary artery disease. The effect of dipyridamole infusion its generally related to its induced peripheral vasodilatory effect. In normal person, heart rate is generally increased slightly while blood pressure decrease, but the achieved double product and related myocardial oxygen consumption have no significant change. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect and side effect of dipyridamole, and to compare different response to dipyridamole among the patients. We evaluated 847 patients who underwent dipyridamole stress myocardial SPECT. 93.6% of them had induced hypotension 0.9% showed no change of blood pressure, 5.5% had increased blood pressure 8.3% had no change of pulse rate more than 10% of basal pulse rate. Among diabetes, 16.9% was not change of pulse rate, 6.7% in non-diabetes. There was no significant correlation between age and rate pressure product rest(RPPr), in patients without perfusion defects on SPECT(y=7.1x+48.4r=0.13 p>0.01). As increasing age, RPPs/RPPr was declined(y=-11.6x+68.9 r=0.17 p〈0.01), similar results were obtained in patients with perfusion defect. The size of perfusion defect on myocardial SPECT have no correlation between RPPr and RPPs/RPPr. The side effects of dipyridamole included chest pain and chest tightness, headache, abdominal pain, dizzness, nausea, and dyspnea. As increasing age, dipyridamole-induced cardiac work at rest was increased, cardiac response to dipyridamole was decreased.

천연물이 간대사에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구(Ⅲ)

김순선,최기환,김학림,황인창,김동섭,신윤용,류항묵,장영섭 식품의약품안전청 1998 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.2 No.-

본 연구에서는 만성간염둥 간낄환 01방 및 치료제로서 오래전부터 널러 사용죄고 있으나 그 작용기전이 화실히 밝궈져있지 않은오미자에서 추출한 을hisandrin C의 합성 동족체, biphenf·1 dimethrt carboxylate(ODB)의 간장 보호자용 기전 연구의 일환으로 DDB를 시간(I~T일) 및 용량(25, 50, 100, 200mg/kg)별로 랫드에 투여한 훌 간장내 약물대사효소, CYPtAl과 CYPEBI mRNA 합량을 PolyrEerasff chain reation(PCR)밟법으로 측정하고 CfPIAl에 특이한 ethoxyruesorfin-o-deethylase(EROD)와 CYPaBt에 특이한 benzyloxyresorufin-o- dealkrlase(BROD) 활성을 측정한 결꽈, DDB가 CYPIAI mRNA 힘·량 및 EROD활성에는 영향을 미치지 않았으나 CYPfBl 유전자 발현을 유도시키고 CYPEBI에 특이한 fiROD 될성을 증가시켰다. DD8의 이러한 CYPEBI 유전자 발현유도 효과는 투여시간, 용량에 비례하여 3일, 200rag/kg투여시에 극대치를 나타내었으며 BROD찰상 역시 투여시간, 용량에 비례하여 증가하였다. 또한 DDB의 간보호 효과를 평가하기 위해 DDB를 용량(25, 50, 100,200mgJkg)별로 4일간 연속 길구투여하고 DDB 최종투여 3시간후 CCI,(0.3mJ/kg, i.p)를 처치하여 간독성을 유발 시킨 후, CYPfBl mRNA 함량과 BROD 활성을 조사하고 간조직 검사를 실시하였으며 혈청내 aminotransferase 꽉성 및 간소포체내 lipid perflxidation을 측정하였다. DOB 전투여는 CCI, 처치에 의왜 감소된 CYPBBI mRNA 함량자 BHOD 활성을 용량의콘적으로 증가시켰으며 CCI, 처치에 의해 증가된 혈청내 ALT 활성과 간 소포체 막의 lipid peroxidation을 감소시켰다. 혈청내 ALT 활성같 간 소포체 막치 lipid peroxidation에 근거하면 DDB는 CCI, 처치로 유발된 간독성에 럴호효롸를 나타내며 그 효과는 50mg/kg;투여시에 최대인 것으로 보인다. 반면, CCI, 처치에 의해 유발된 간 표면의 섬유화, 간세포 괴사 및 공포화 변성은 DDB 투여에 의해 통계적으로 유의성있는 개선 효과를보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과는 DDB가 CYP2린1 유전자 발현 및 BROD 활성을 시간 및 용량의존적으로 증가시킴을 나타내며 DDB의 free radical scavenger가능성을 제시한다. 미와 더불어 전년도 시험물질, 대황 및 마황의 환셩성분인 rhein, eptledrine과 황금의 지표성분인 baicalin이 간 대사 및 독성에 미치는 영향을 비교평가 하기 위해 rhein 및 ephedrinr·을 각각 20, 10mg/kg 용량으로 랫드에 4일간 복강주사하고 baicalin은 4mg/kg 용량으로 7일간 경구투여한 후, 간장내 약물대사 효소 CYPIAI과 CYPaBl 유전자 발현정도를 조사하고 애들에 특이한 EROD 와 BROD활성, 혈청내 ALT, AST 활성 및 간소포체내 지질과 산화물(rnslondialdehyde) 함량을 측정한 결과, ephedrine은 만성간염지표인 ALT/AS? ratio을 증가시키고(p (0.03) rhein은 MDA함량을 증가시켰는데,(p(0.01) 이는 대황 투여에 의한 간 소포체 막의 lipid peroxidation증가는 rhein에,마황에 의한 혈청내 ALT/AST ratio증가는 ephedrine에 기인함을 시사해주는 결과이며 금의 지표성분인 baicalin투여에 의해서는 혈청중 ALT 및 AST 활성이 재조군에 비해 유의적으로 감소되어(p(0.05) baiealin의 간보호 가능성을 제시하였다. Biphenyl diinethyl dicarboxylate(DDB) is a synthetic analogue of SchiBandrin C isolated from SchiBandrae Fructus and has been widely used for its hepatic protective effect. This study has beenundertaken to examine the effect of DDB on rat liver drug metaboliEing enzymes and to understand theprotective mechanism of D:DB against carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) -induced hepatic toxicity in rat liver.After DDB was administered into male rats for different periods of time(1 ~7 days) ana with differentdoses(25, 50, 100 and 200mg/kg), mRNA levels of CYPIAI and CYPaHl were measured by polymerasechain reaction (PCR) and also assayed the activities of CYP IAI specific ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase(EROD) and CYPfBl sf)ecific benzyloxyresorufin-o-dealkylase (BROD) . Furthermore, rats werepretreated with DDB 25, 5() and 100 mg/ltg daily for 4 days, 3-hours after final treatrneBt on the 4thday, CCI, 0.3mf/kg was intraperitonially injected into the rats. Activities of serum aminotransferaseswere assayed and determirled lipid peroxidation(production of ualondialdehyde) in hepatic microsomeand done histopathological examination. DDB treatment resulted in increase in CYPaBl mRMA leveland BROD activity whereas there was no change in CYPIAI niRNA level and EROD activity. This ef-fect of DDB was time and dose dependent reaching maximal level by 3 day and 200mg/kg treatment.Based oi?'studies of serum ALT level and lipid peroxidation, D:DB SOmg/kg pretreatinent appeared themost effective protection against CCI,-induce4 hepatotoxicity. :However, histopathological examinationdid not significantly show any improving effect on balloning degeneration and necrosis caused by CCI,treatment. These results in.dicate that DDB stimulates CYPEBI ruRNA level and BROD activity in timeand dose dependent manner and suggest protective effect of DDB against CCI,-induced hepatotoxicitymight be exerted through free radical scavenging. In addition, we have also investigated the effects ofrhein, ephedrine and baicaBin on hepatic toxicity and metabolism in rat liver in order to compare withtheir natural products f·hick are Rhei Rhizoma, Ephedrae Hel·ba and Scutellariae Radix, respectively.After rhein 20 and ephedrine 10mg/kg were intraperitonially injected into the rats daily for 4 daysrespectively compared as bacaBin was treated orally for 7 days, the expression of CYPIAI and CYPfBlwere examined and tlleir dependent EROD and BROD activities were assayed. The levels of serumaainotransferases and hepatic rnaiondialdehyde(MDA ) were Beasured as well. Ephedrine treatment in-creased in CYPIAI specific EROD activity and the ratio of serum ALT/AST ratio, a marker of chronichepatitis(p <0.01). MDA level was enhanced by rhein treatmentfp < 0.01), but baicalin reduced serumALT and AST levels compared to control group (p < 0.05) .

토끼에서 enrofloxacin과 enrofloxacin acetate의 比較藥物動態學

윤효인,박승춘,김창식,김민규,최기섭,신광순,박종일,조준형,조명행 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1996 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-

This study was designed to examine the in vitro antibacterial activities and pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin acetate (ENFXA) and enrofloxacin (ENFX). Two enrofloxacins had wide spectrum antibacterial activities against Gram positive and negative bacteria, and mycoplasma, showing potent antibacterial activities with low MICs (0.05-3.33 ㎍/㎖ for Gram positives, 0.002 ㎍/㎖ for Gram negatives and 0.02 ㎍/㎖ for mycoplasma). In order to investigate the profiles of two formulations of enrofloxacin we studied comparative pharmacokinetics of them in rabbits. Five rabbits were given 5 ㎎/㎏ body weight of each enrofloxacin formulation intravenously (i.v.) and orally (p.o.) in a cross-over study. Pharmacokinetic parameters of both formulations were calculated by the use of PCNONLIN, a computer program. Their bioavailibility in rabbits, the means of the area under the curve (AUC). After oral administration of each formulation in rabbits, the mean elimination half-lives (t_1/2,ke) were 3.25h (ENFX) and 4.32 h (ENFXA), and mean AUC 4.27 ㎍·h/㎖ (ENFX) and 6.21 ㎍·h/㎖ (ENFXA). Both enrofloxacin formulations seemed to have good tissue distribution and penetration as indicated by large volume of distribution: 4.76 1/㎏ for ENFX and 7.23 1/㎏ for ENFXA. With the results obtained in this study, ENFXA could be used in place of ENFX in rabbits.

Age-Associated Changes in the Vascular Renin-Angiotensin System in Mice

Yoon, Hye Eun,Kim, Eun Nim,Kim, Min Young,Lim, Ji Hee,Jang, In-Ae,Ban, Tae Hyun,Shin, Seok Joon,Park, Cheol Whee,Chang, Yoon Sik,Choi, Bum Soon Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Vol.2016 No.-

<P><I>Background</I>. This study evaluated whether the change in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is associated with arterial aging in mice.<I> Methods</I>. Histologic changes and expressions of transforming growth factor-<I>β</I> (TGF-<I>β</I>), collagen IV,<I> fibronectin</I>, angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), prorenin receptor (PRR), Mas receptor (MasR), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), NADPH oxidase 2 and oxidase 4 (Nox2 and Nox4), 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG),<I> 3-nitrotyrosine</I>, and superoxide dismutase 1 and dismutase 2 (SOD1 and SOD2) were measured in the thoracic aortas from 2-month-old, 12-month-old, and 24-month-old C57/BL6 mice.<I> Results</I>. Twenty-four-month-old mice showed significantly increased aortic media thickness and expressions of TGF-<I>β</I>, collagen IV, and fibronectin, compared to 2-month-old and 12-month-old mice. The expressions of PRR, ACE, and Ang II, and AT1R-positive area significantly increased, whereas expressions of ACE2 and MasR and AT2R-positive area decreased with age. The expressions of phosphorylated serine<SUP>1177</SUP>-eNOS, SOD1, and SOD2 decreased, and the 8-OHdG-positive area and the 3-nitrotyrosine-positive area increased with age. The expression of Nox2 significantly increased with age, but that of Nox4 did not change.<I> Conclusions</I>. The enhanced PRR-ACE-Ang II-AT1R axis and reduced ACE2-MasR axis were associated with arterial aging in mice. </P>

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

관상동맥 풍선성형술 후 발생한 관상동맥 박리의 초기 조영술적 고찰

고영엽,강지인,장재혁,강민정,정중화,장경식,홍순표 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.1

Background and Objectives: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is widely utilized in the treatment of symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). Althouth it has numerous benefits, intimal tear or dissection, serious and potentially life-threatening complications of plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) can occur. The aim of this study was to assess the implications of coronary dissections after ballon angioplasty. Methods: 78 consecutive patients (age, 62 +/- 11 years; 46 men, 32 women) identified to two groups as having with or without dissection (dissection (D) group or non-dissection (ND) grouP) underwent balloon angioplsty for CAD were studied. All patients with dissection could be managed by successful stent implantation to rescue the artery. The morbidity of ischemic complication and mortality were evaluated for 30days after PCI. Results: Coronary dissection developed 44 lesions (38%) in 31 patients out of 117 lesions in 78 patients after POBA and a good final angiographic result was obtained in all patients with dissection, Significant correlates of a development of dissection were the lesion morphology of ACC/AHA type B and C (P<0.05). There were no significant correlations of clinical pictures, whether POBA in single vessel disease or in multivessel disease, diameter stenosis before POBA, and balloon/coronary artery diameter ratio. Morphologic feature of dissection was type A in 15 (34%), type B in 13(30%), type C in 12 (27%), and type D in 4 (9%). After PCI, there was no ischemic complication or death related coronary dissection during follow-up period for 30days. Conclusions: Coronary dissection after angioplasty occurred in 44 lesions (38%) out of 117 lesions of 78 consecutive patients underwent POBA. Coronary dissection after POBA significantly correlated with the severity of lesion morphology. Coronary stenting is effective in the management of acute coronary dissections after angioplasty.

위암종과 Epstein-Barr 바이러스와의 연관성에 대한 연구

심광용,김호영,김효열,백순구,권상옥,조미연,이창훈,이종인 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2004 건국의과학학술지 Vol.14 No.-

Objectives: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been known to be linked to a spectrum of neoplastic conditions, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease. This study aims to investigate the association of EBV with gastric carcinoma in Korea. Methods: Fifty-three cases of gastric adenocarcinoma were studied for evidence of EBV infection by EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization (ISH) on the paraffin sections and amplifying the EBV genome encoding envelop glycoprotein (gp220) with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in fresh gastric cancer specimens. Results: EBER was detected in 7 (13.2%) of 53 gastric carcinomas and all cases were male. In 6 (85.7%) of 7 EBER-positive cases, the tumors were located in the upper and middle part of the stomach. EBER ISH study showed strong positivity in all the tumor cells, but negativity in surrouning lymphocytes, stromal cells and normal gastric mucosa. DNA PCR was positive in 23 (43.4%) of 53 gastric carcinomas, including all of 7 EBER-positive cases. Conclusion: We could observe some association of EBV with gastric carcinoma, and our findings about the charateristics of EBV-positive gastric cancers involving sex, site and histological type are similar to those in Japan. However, EBV-positive rate of gastric cancer is higher than in Japan and lower than in Western countries. Further studies to elucidate oncogenic mechanism of EBV in gastric cancer should be performed.