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Analysis of Marital Problems of Kim Family and Counseling Method
전영자 慶熙大學校 大學院 院友會 1990 高凰論集 Vol.6 No.-
본 논문은 부부간의 결혼문제에 대한 분석과 카운셀링 방법에 관한 것이다. 문제를 가진 부부의 실제 케이스를 선정하여 그 부부의 가족배경과 결혼생활에서 다른 가족들과의 상호작용의 역동성, 그리고 부부 두 사람 사이의 문제에 촛점을 맞추어 기술하였다. 그리고 이 부부의 문제를 사회교환 이론 (Social Exchange Theory)과 체계이론 (Kantor와 Lehr의 Distance Regulation Model)이라는 두 가지 분석틀에 의거하여 분석하였다. 어느 이론을 기초로 분석했는가에 따라 동일한 부부문제라도 부각되어 나타나는 점이 다름을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 부부문제에 대한 해결방안으로서 전문적인 가족치료자의 부부상담에 의한 치료과정을 소개하고 상담과정에 있어서 가족치료자의 역할을 기술하였다.
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전영자 여성건강간호학회 1997 여성건강간호학회지 Vol.3 No.1
This study was carried out to identify the difference between nursing needs and levels of satisfaction of primiparas during the early postpartum period. The goal of the study was to obtain data needed to develop maternal education programs and to improve the nursing quality for primipara. The subjects were 111 primiparas who had normal delivery at 2 general hospitals in the Seoul area. The data was gathered using an 81 items questionnaire which was developed by the researcher from Nov. 30, 1995 to Feb.5, 1996. Results found are as follows : 1. The characteristics of subjects The majority of subjects were aged 26-30yrs(60.4%), high school graduated(49.5%), jobless(52.3%), had no religion(49.5%), no antenatal(74.5%), and postnatal education on self and infant care(55.9%). A large proportion of primiparas intended to feed breast milk(49.5%) but in fact only 7.2% fed breast milk while in the hospital. Many subjects perceived that they had reasonable self confidence about self care(46.8%), and infant care(36%). 2. The level of nursing needs of overall nursing care was relatively high(Mn 3.98) but the level of atisfaction was of average level(Mn 3.09). Therefore, difference between the level of nursing needs and satisfaction was significant(p=0.0001). 3. The nursing needs by category of nursing care, the highest need was on the education of infant care(4.29), the lowest was on physical care(3.80). The level of satisfaction was higher on environmental care(3.40) and physical care(3.32). But the category that showed the lowest satisfaction was education of infant care(2.67). Hence, difference of categories between the level of nursing needs and satisfaction was significant (p=0.0001). 4. Among items of physical care, observation of primiparas' conditions(4.21), accurate medication and treatment(4.18), care of breast engorgement(4.07) and control of postpartal hemorrage(4.01) showed high nursing needs. On the other hand, only the level of satisfaction was higher on accurate medication and treatment(3.82). The rest of items revealed only average level of satisfactions. Difference of items between the level of nursing needs and satisfaction was significant(p=0.0001) except items of dietary care. 5. Among items of psychological care, 8 items of nursing needs were high(3.72-4.29), especially detailed explanation on which mothers want to know(4.29), treatment and nursing care they receive(4.23), kind and faithful care(4.22), early contacts with their baby(4.20) and adequate draping during the care and treatment(4.18). Among items of psychological care higher satisfactions were shown on items of kind and faithful care(3.80), personal treatment(3.70), and detailed explanation to mothers, but the least satisfied item was early contact with baby(2.13). Difference between the level of nursing needs and satisfaction was significant (p=0.0001). 6. Among items of environmental care, the highest level of need and satisfaction was on the items of neat bedding and pajamas(3.54). The difference was significant(p=0.0001). 7. Among the items of educational needs on self-care, all of 22 items revealed higher educational needs(3.50-4.33) but the levels of satisfaction varied with a range of 2.63-3.42. Among the items the satisfactions were high on items of breast care including massages(3.42), perineal care(3.36) and expression of breast milk(3.32). Less satisfied items were drugs not to be taken by breast milk feeder(2.63), maintenance of breast figure(2.76) and postpartum exercise(2.80) and so on. The difference was significant ( p=0.0001). 8. Among the items of educational needs on infant care, 19 items revealed higher educational needs(3.28-4.54). And the highest need were on the 3 items of normal growth and development of infant, safety and emergency care, symptoms of sick(4.54) and the meaning of crying of the baby(4.52). The level of satisfaction among items of education of infant care ranged from 2.47 to 3.16. Most satisfied items were burping(3.16), bathing(3.11) and diappering (3.09). The items of which the mother's needs were high revealed the lowest satisfaction level. The difference was significant(p=0.0001). 9. Relationship between nursing needs and levels of satisfaction among primiparas of different characteristics were as follows : 1) Nursing needs of physical and psychological areas were significantly different among different age levels but no relationship was found on other categories regardless of the level of satisfaction. 2) With regard to different levels of education, some relationship was found in nursing needs of psychological area (p=0.007), educational needs on infant care (p=0.04) and environmental care (p=0.01). Also, the difference of satisfaction level was significant. 3) Working mothers had higher nursing needs and were more satisfied on items of physical care (p=0.05), education on self care and infant care. Difference were significant between nursing needs and level of satisfaction. 4) With regards to different religion a moderate relation was found between nursing needs of environmental care and infant care education but no relationship was found on levels of satisfaction. 5) With regards to antenatal education, the mothers who have had no antenatal education revealed higher nursing needs on physical care but those who had antenatal education were more satisfied with education on self care and infant care. The difference was significant.( p=0.0001). 6) With regards to postpartum education, the mothers who have had some sort of postpartum education revealed higher nursing needs on physical and self-care. And they were more satisfied with nursing of every category except infant care than mothers who had not any postpartum education. Differences was significant between the nursing needs and levels of satisfaction. (p=0.0001). 7) With regards to breast feeding experience during the hospitalization, those who had no experience of breast feeding revealed higher nursing needs on physical care in contrast to breast feeders, who had higher educational needs on infant care. And breast feeder were more satisfied with all categories. Differences were significant (p=0.0001). 8) With regards to perception of self confidence on self care and infant care, no relationship was found on nursing needs and level of satisfaction in every category of nursing.
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전영자,박주연 한국조형교육학회 2012 造形敎育 Vol.0 No.43
Chusa, Kim Jeong-hee(秋史, 金正喜 1786-156) is a great scholar in the field of poetry writing, calligraphic writing and painting, and a stone monument inscriptions by searching for truth based on facts. He's in charge of the top positions, 'Daesaseong(大司成)' in Sungkyunkwan(成均館). He is a literary man that combined scholarship with the art of the late Joseon(朝鮮). He is being referred as the most outstanding literary man through his painting the Saehando(National treasure No.180). In this picture, Chusa demonstrates rich antique integrity and embodies charm. The dugout mud hut, the window, the old pine tree and 'the big cone pine trees' on the Saehando are symbolic for his literary spirit. In this study, I demonstrated on the healing energy of art through Chusa's drawing the Saehando for himself the process of self-healing, to finally be crystallized with his mental state that was went through true, good and beautiful(眞ㆍ善ㆍ美). The message of the role of healing transcends time and space as a cultureal communication for both the current and the past. In conclusion, this study demonstes the self-healing in Saehando. Art has a self- healing function. Furthermore, this study provides evidence for the healing function of Art. Implications for this study lie in the analysis of korean painting rather than foreign paintings.
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전영자 고려대학교 의과대학 1993 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.30 No.2
The infants first year of life are crucial in laying the foundation on good health and improving the quality of life. Hence, the nature provided breast milk for the infant as it can adequately meet ail the nutritional needs of baby, especially up to 4-6 month of age. And over yeas it has become more and more evident that it is the most ideal, safe and complete food for babies. Regretably, despite all known facts on the value of human milk, the practice of breast feeding is decreasing in Korea in contrast to its increasing in the western society. Therefore, this research was undertaken to find out the factors which influenced on prevalence and duration of breast feeding. The subjects were 337 mothers of infants whose age was 6-12 month and of attended out patient clinic of 3 general hospitals and 2 wellbaby clinic of health center in Seoul area. The data were collected with questionaire which was developed by researcher from August 16-30, 1992. Results were founded as follows: 1. Majority of respondants were aged between 25-29 (51.6%), college graduates (48.6%), Jobless (67.4%), neucleic family structure (83.1%), primiparous (61.7%), attended antenatal clinic regularily (94.0%), nipple is normal (82.5%), delivered baby normally (73.0%) at general hospital (53.1%) or private physicians clinic (46.9%) 2. Majority of respondants infants were aged 6-7 month (36.8%), Male(54.6%) and their birth weight was in normal range (87.96). And the infants whose mother had job were cared by their grandmother (mother of father and or mothers 68.2%) but they live separately from the respondants (60.0%) 3. Among the respondants, 76.9% have fed breast initially but only 18.4% continued it up to 6 month. The reset were discontinued breast feeding at 1-4week (25.8%), 2-3month (15.7%) and within a week (9.28%), 23.1% of mothers had never feed breast milk for their baby. 4. The prevalence and duration of breast feeding were different significantly by the presence of motheres job (P<.01), have had breast care during the antenatal period (P<.01), planned to feed breast milk exclusively (P<.001) for longer than 6 month (P<.001), had breast massage during the postpartal period (P<.001), rooming in (P<.001), delivered at private physicians clinic (P<,001) and started breast feeding earlier while they stay in the hospital (P<.001). 5. No relation was found on prevalence and duration of breast feeding by age, educational level, parity, antenatal care recieved, conditions of nipples, mode of delivery and type of family structure. 6. The subjects yield the reasons for not feed breast milk to their baby were because of bottle feeding have started at the hospital (19.9%), C / S(18.5%), of no secreation of breast milk (12.3%) 7. The reasons of discountinued breast feeding prior to 6 month of infants age were insufficient breast milk (33.8%), mothers job (19.0%) and for the baby's health (10.6%). 8. Percieved mean scores on the factors influenced on breast feeding were attitude toward breast feeding 3.95, knowledge 3.49, health status of mother 3.24, nutritional conditions 3.04, level of stress 2.71, breast feeding methods 3.01, amount of breast milk 3.58, hospital practices 2.25 and social structure 2.32. 9. Mean scores on the influedcing factors were differed significantly by age, educational level, parity and presence of mothers job, (p<05-01). Mean scores on the knowledge was lower in the less educated group, on the health status was worse in the jobless mothers, on the nutritional condition was worse in the less educated group, on the breast feeding method was lower at age of 20-24, less educated, primipara and working mothers. Mean scores on amount of breast milk was lower in the less educated group but higher educated group showed lowest score on hospital practice. Social structure were low scored by less educated and working mothers. 10. Relationship between prevalence, duration of breast feeding and mean scores of related factors revealed significant differences on breast feeding methods (P<.01), hospital pracitce (p<.01) and social structure (p<.05) that higher scored group feed longer meanwhile lower scored group feed shorter and or not feed ever. 11. In the cases of those did not feed breast milk due to no secreation of breast milk, correlation was relatively high between the factors, such as health and nutritional status (r. 40), feeding methods ((r.42), levels of stress (r.-43) and social structure (r.47) Amounts of breast milk and feeding methods (r.80) hospoital practices (r.44) and social structure (r.56) 12. In the cases of discontinued breast feeding prior to 6 month of infants age because of infufficient breast milk, revealed a significant correlation between the factors ; the amount of breast milk and health status (r.18), levels of stress (r.22), breast feeding method (r.38) and social structure (r.26). In conclusion, this study revealed that hospital practices, social structure, breast feeding method are most important factors for breast feeding practices.
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