Korean physician prescription patterns for home oxygen therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

( Youlim Kim ),( Hwan Il Kim ),( Ji Young Park ),( Ji Young Hong ),( Joo-hee Kim ),( Kyung Hoon Min ),( Chin Kook Rhee ),( Sunghoon Park ),( Chang Youl Lee ),( Seong Yong Lim ),( Seung Hun Jang ),( Yo 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.1

Background/Aims: Hypoxemia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) leads to reduced ability to exercise, decreased quality of life, and, eventually, increased mortality. Home oxygen therapy in patients with severe COPD reduces distress symptoms and mortality rates. However, there have been few studies on physicians’ prescription behavior toward home oxygen therapy. Therefore, we investigated the respiratory specialists’ perspective on home oxygen therapy. Methods: In this cross-sectional, study, a questionnaire was completed by 30 pulmonary specialists who worked in tertiary hospitals and prescribed home oxygen therapy. The questionnaire consisted of 28 items, including 15 items on oxygen prescription for outpatients, four for inpatients, and nine on service improvement. Results: All physicians were prescribing less than 2 L/min of oxygen for either 24 (n = 10, 33.3%) or 15 hours (n = 9, 30.3%). All (n = 30) used pulse oximetry, 26 (86.7%) analyzed arterial blood gas. Thirteen physicians had imposed restrictions and recommended oxygen use only during exercise or sleep. Sixteen (53.3%) physicians were educating their patients about home oxygen therapy. Furthermore, physicians prescribed home oxygen to patients that did not fit the typical criteria for long-term oxygen therapy, with 30 prescribing it for acute relief and 17 for patients with borderline hypoxemia. Conclusions: This study identified the prescription pattern of home oxygen therapy in Korea. Respiratory physicians prescribe home oxygen therapy to hypoxemic COPD patients for at least 15 hours/day, and at a rate of less than 2 L/ min. More research is needed to provide evidence for establishing policies on oxygen therapy in COPD patients.

양식 은어의 미포자충 감염예에 대한 병리조직학적 관찰

조병열,강형길,강효주,류갑민,이재영,박남규,허민도 한국어병학회 2003 한국어병학회지 Vol.16 No.1

1998년 9월 말경, 경남 지역의 양식 은어(Plecoglossus altivelis)에서 미포자충증이 발생하였다. 채집 당시, 하루 약 200마리씩의 폐사가 10일째 진행되고 있었으며 약 10%의 누적폐사율을 나타내었다. 병어는 입올림을 하거나 기면 상태에 있었으며, 대부분 체색흑화 및 복부팽만 소견을 보이고 있었다. 아가미, 아가미 뚜껑, 각종 내장, 복강벽 및 생식소에 직경 1~3㎜의 흰색 결절이 다수 형성되어 있었다. 감염 어종, 기생충의 형태 및 xenoma 분포 장기의 다양성에 근거하여 Glugea plecoglossi에 의한 감염증으로 추정되었다. 병리조직학적 검사를 실시한 결과, 광범위한 장기에 걸쳐 xenoma를 형성하고 있었으나 xenoma 인접조직에 변성 변화는 없었다. 아가미 새변, 비장, 두신 및 체신의 조혈영역에 심한 울혈 소견이 인정되었고, 간장, 심근 및 신세뇨관 국소에는 응고 내지 액화괴사 소견이 확인되었다. 따라서, xenoma의 인접조직에 대한 물리화학적인 영향보다는 xenoma형성 장기 및 조직에 야기된 국소 순환장애가 은어의 폐사와 직접적인 관련을 갖는 것으로 사료되었다. On September in 1998, a microsporidian infection was recognized in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, farmed on Kyongnam province of South Korea. Cumulative mortality was around 10% in 10 days. Infected fish which were piping for air near the surface of the water or in the asphyxic, lethargic condition revealed darkening of body and abdominal distention. Numerous whitish nodules up to 3㎜ in size were observed throughout most of body organs and tissues including gill, operculum, peritoneal wall and organs. Xenomas were also histologically confirmed in multiple internal organs with the evidences suggesting circulatory disturbance. Based on the morphology of spore and xenoma, and the distribution of xenomas in organs and tissues, this disease was diagnosed to be a microsporidiosis caused by Glugea plecoglossi. The mortality might be deeply related to the local circulatory disturbance by xemonas rather than the mechano-chemical effect of xenomas on adjacent tissues.

전문계 고등학교 교사들의 이러닝 활용과 영향요인 간의 구조방정식 모형

박성열,남민우,박운구 한국농업교육학회 2008 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.40 No.2

이 연구는 전문계 고등학교 교사들을 대상으로 이러닝을 활용하는데 영향을 미치는 요인들을 파악하고, 이들 요인들간의 인과관계성을 구조 모형적인 측면에서 분석 · 설명하는 데 중점을 두고 있다. 연구모형에 포함된 요인은 교직경력, 컴퓨터 사용경험, 이러닝 지원부문, 이러닝의 사회/조직 관련성 등의 외생변인과 이러닝 활용을 위한 컴퓨터 리터러시, 이러닝 활용 의향도 등의 내생변인 등이며, 요인들간의 상관계수를 산출하여 그 행렬을 이용, LISREL 프로그램에 의해 공변량 구조 이론 모델 분석을 수행하였다. 이 연구에서 제시된 모델 분석을 통한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사들의 이러닝 활용을 위한 컴퓨터 리터러시에는 설정된 외생변인 중 컴퓨터 사용경험의 영향을 가장 크게 받고 있으며, 다음으로 이러닝 지원정도, 사회/조직 관련성 등의 순으로 영향을 받고 있다. 둘째, 최종 내생변인인 교사들의 이러닝 활용 의향도에는 외생변인 중 이러닝의 사회/조직 관련성만이 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 내생변인간의 관계성을 분석한 결과 교사들의 이러닝의 활용 의향도는 이러닝 활용을 위한 컴퓨터 리터러시에 매우 큰 영향을 받고 있음을 보여 주었다. This study was designed and implemented to identify factors affecting e-learning use of vocational high school teachers based on structural equation model. The model career, computer experience, e-learning support, social and organizational norm related to e-learning as exogenous variables and computer literacy and intention to use as endogenous variables. The researcher produces a correlation matrix among the variables and run a structural model using LISREL program. The major findings after are as follows. First, teachers' computer experience was the most significant factors affecting their computer literacy to utilize e-learning, followed by e-learning support and soial and organizational norm. Second, intention to use e-learning, terminal exogenous variable was influenced by e-learning social and orginizational norm among exogenous variables. Third, in terms of the relationships between endogenous variables, intention to use e-learning was largely influenced by computer literacy from the model analysis.

극저사이클 하중을 받는 구상흑연주철의 초기균열성장에 관한 연구

김민건,임복규,김동열 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.22 No.A

In this study, extremely low cycle fatigue tests were carried out under push-pull loading conditions using graphite cast iron (GCD). In order to clarify the fatigue fracture mechanism of GCD in an extremely low cycle fatigue regime successive observations of internal fatigue damage were performed. The results obtained are as follows. (1) The process of extremely low cycle fatigue can be classified into three stages which are composed of the generation, growth and coalescence of microvoids inside materials. (2) In an extremely low cycle fatigue regime, microvoids originate from debonding of graphite-matrix interface.

백반증 환자의 혈청이 배양된 정상 인체 멜라닌 세포의 세포고사에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김민영,이성열,박영립,이종석,황규왕 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

About the etiologies of vitiligo, so many hypotheses have been proposed, but the exact pathologic mechanism was not clear. Among those hypotheses, autoimmune theory is most popular and clinically it is often accompanied by many other autoimmune disorders such as thyroid disease, pernicious anemia, diabetes mellitus, Addison's disease, autoimmune hypoparathyroidism and organ specific antibodies. Investigator thought that apoptosis is important mechanism on the destruction of melanocyte by autoantibodies. To prove this, 10 autoimmune disorder-free, active and progressive vitiligo patient's sera were added to melanocytes culture media and incubated for 48 hours. After that, investigator observed the changes of melanocyte with TUNEL stain and Hoechst stain, which were well-known methods for apoptotic cell stain. The melanocytes incubated with vitiligo patients sera showed more apoptosis than that with normal person's sera. These results indicates that vitiligo patients' sera have some substances inducing apoptosis of melanocytes.

人工海水에 의한 複合組織鋼의 表面腐蝕이 疲勞破壞强度에 미치는 影響

吳世旭,姜鎬珉,李悅宰 東亞大學校 大學院 1986 大學院論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The influence of seawater corrosion on fatigue life at low stress level appears to be larger than that at high stress level about M.E.F. dual phase steel. Especially, the variation-range between high stress level and low stress level is large in the sea bottom corrosion of 250 hours and 1000 hours about S-N curves. According to corrosion time and corrosion conditon the amount of reduction of fatigue limit and fatigue life is varied. Fatigue limit and fatigue life for sea surface corrosion condition is lower than those for sea bottom corrosion condition and the influence of sea surface corrosion of fatigue life is large. It is appeared the relation between fatigue length and the number of cycle is depended on stress level, corrosion time and corrosion condition and corrosion pits occurred by seawater corrosion are become the cause of micro-crack. The variation-range of the crack propagation rate for low stress level is larger than that for high stress level. Portions of these fracture surface don't occur plastic deformation by S.E.M observation. However, these are found quasi-cleavage fracture that occur seperate fracture.

오존 처리된 TiO2 나노튜브 분말로 제조된 광양극의 염료감응형 태양전지 특성

천기영,박민우,성열문 경성대학교 공학기술연구소 2008 공학기술연구지 Vol.15 No.-

Membranes of TiO2 nanotube arrays were produced by potentiostatic anodic oxidation of 100㎛ thick Ti plate The anodization was performed under constant potential of 60V at ~22℃ for up to 96 hours Electrolyte used was an Ethylene Glycol(EG) solution with an addition of H2O (2.0 vol. %) and NH4F (0.3 wt.%) TiO2 nanotube arrays having lengths of ~200㎛ were grown in vertical direction to the Ti plate TiO2 nanotube membrane was grinded to produce fine particles of nanotubes TiO2 nanotube particles were treated with ozone to improve dye attachment A slurry made with the TiO2 nanotube particles was coated onto transparent conducting oxide(TCO) by doctor blade method to produce dye-sensitized solar cells(DSCs) Electrical properties of the DSC cells were haracterized.

반응성 DC sputtering법으로 제조한 AIN박막의 수소첨가효과

김지균,김민석,권정열,이헌용 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.19 No.-

In GaAs devices, the development of a finer insulator instead of SiO₂to be used the insulator of Si has been made good progress. That, however, is not to be enough. We studied the development of the finer insulator in GaAs devices. The AIN has the characteristics of thermal stability over 2400℃ and resistivity over 10 13 Ω, and superior insulator characteristic to have rate of thermal expansion(a=4.2x10 -6, b=5.3x10 -6/K) similar with SiO₂and GaAs. An AIN has been evaluated good applied insulator for above characteristics in chemical compound. Then, the purpose of this paper is a development of MIS devices using AIN as an insulator, and is to investigate a electrical characteristic changing by H₂addition to AIN. The ratio of H₂addition was established by 5%. The pressure was maintained by 5 mTorr and the DC power was supplied by 150W during the experiment. The H₂addition to AIN may have an effect on diminishing impurities on surface and improves the properties as an insulator to a MIS structures.

반응표면분석법을 활용한 연어(Oncorhynchus keta) 육포의 제조공정 최적화

김민우 ( Min-woo Kim ),윤인성 ( In Seong Yoon ),김예율 ( Ye Youl Kim ),이정석 ( Jung Suck Lee ),허민수 ( Min Soo Heu ),김진수 ( Jin-soo Kim ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2021 한국수산과학회지 Vol.54 No.3

This study was conducted to optimize the processing of seasoned salmon Oncorhynchus keta jerky (SSJ) using response surface methodology (RSM). For seasoning sauces-blending conditions of jerky using the RSM program, salt [X₁, % (w/v)] and amino-basic material [X₂, % (w/v)] were chosen as independent variables, and salinity (Y₁) and amino-N (Y₂) were chosen as dependent variables. The optimum conditions of X₁ and X₂ were 1.2% and 12.9%, respectively. To optimize drying conditions of seasoned salmon jerky using RSM program, soaking time (X₁, min), drying temperature (X₂, ℃) and drying time (X₃, min) were chosen as independent variables, and moisture content (Y₁), hardness (Y₂) and overall acceptance (Y₃) were chosen as dependent variables. Optimum conditions of X₁, X₂ and X₃ were 183.0 min, 62.5℃ and 351.0 min, respectively. In the sensory evaluation, the scores for taste, flavor, and texture for of SSJ were higher than those for a commercial product. The results suggest that the developed seasoned salmon jerky can be industrialized.

In Vivo Assessment of Cosmetics and Developing Methods

( Min Youl Chang ),( Sang Wha Lee ) 한국피부장벽학회 2013 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Aged skin is characterized by a number of different signs, such as, wrinkles, dull skin, low skin elasticity, etc. Cosmetics are generally used to reduce such aging signs for healthy and beautiful skin. In order to properly express the functions of cosmetic products, objective evaluation methods must be established. Korea Food & Drug Administration regulates such laws regarding the efficacy of functional cosmetics (anti-wrinkle, skin whitening, SPF) and their proper expressions in advertisement. Recently, non-invasive imaging techniques have drawn great attention from researchers developing more objective evaluating methods. These methods include, in vivo confocal microscopy, multi-photon tomography, OCT, etc. Utilizing these advanced tools, our goal is to establish a more objective method for evaluating both the skin surface and inner skin.