On the Locus of the EPP

Kwang-sup Kim 한국생성문법학회 2017 생성문법연구 Vol.27 No.3

Kim, Kwang-sup. 2017. On the Locus of the EPP. Studies in Generative Grammar, 27-3, 697-712. In English T’ must be merged with a pronouncible constituent in accordance with the Extended Projection Principle (EPP). Since T consists of Tense and Agr, it can be said that either Tense or Agr has the EPP. Unlike finite T, non-finite T has no Agr, but it is known to display an EPP effect. If so, it appears to be logically plausible that Tense, but not Agr, has the EPP feature. However, this paper claims that it is Agr that has the EPP. I propose that the EPP effect of a non-finite T originates from the fact that Tense has an uninterpretable person feature, which is fundamentally different from the EPP of Agr in that it can be deleted even by a covert constituent. This claim is shown to elucidate various types of non-DP subject constructions and to resolve a potential problem with Chomsky’s (2013) C-to-T feature inheritance approach.

아스팔트 콘크리트의 고온변형저항 특성 측정방법 개발

김광우,이문섭,김중렬,이순제 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2002 석재연 논문집 Vol.7 No.-

본 연구는 정하중하에서 아스팔트 혼합물의 소성변형 저항특성을 측정할 수 있는 새로운 시험방법을 개발하기 위하여 수행되었다. 2가지 골재(편마암, 화강암)와 6가지 아스팔트(일반아스팔트, 5가지 개질 아스팔트)를 사용하여 총 12개의 밀입도 혼합물을 제작하였다. 마샬 배합설계를 통해 최적아스팔트 함량을 구하고, 결정된 최적아스팔트 함량으로 마샬공시체(S=10 cm)와 자이레토리 공시체(S=15cm)를 제작하여 마샬안정도시험, 휠 트랙킹 시험, 개발된 김테스트(Kim -test)를 수행하였다. 김테스트는 공시체와 하중봉을 지지할 수 있는 김시험장치(Kim tester)를 이용하여 하단이 반경(r) 0.5 또는 1.0cm로 원형절삭한 직경(D) 3cm, 4cm의 하중봉을 사용한다. 또한 재하는 마샬 하중재하 장치를 사용하여 공시체를 60℃ 수조에 30분동안 수침시킨 후 실시되었다. 정하중은 공시체의 직경방향이 아닌 축 방향으로 50 mm/min가 가해졌고, 최대하중(P_max)과 수직변형(y)이 측정되었다. 마샬안정도시험과 간접인장강도시험에서 얻어지는 것과 유사한 곡선이 각각의 시험에서 얻어졌다. 강도값은 P_max, r, y 및 H(=D-2r)을 이용한 K_D=4P_max/π(H+2√(2ry-y^2))^2식을 통하여 계산하였고, 이를 변형강도(kgf/㎠)로 정의하였다. 실험결과, 공시체 직경이나 골재종류보다는 하중봉과 하중봉 하단의 원형처리 여부가 K_D와 P_max 값에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 통계분석결과에서 K_D가 소성변형 깊이와 동적 안정도에 높은 상관성을 보였다. 향후 연구를 통해 K_D의 유효성이 검증된다면, Kim-test는 아스팔트 혼합물의 소성변형 저항성을 판단할 수 있는 시험방법으로 사용될 수 있을 것이다. This study dealt with developing a new approach for finding properties which might represent rut resistance characteristics of asphalt mixture under static loading. Two aggregates, a normal asphalt (pen 60-70) and 5 PMAs were used in preparation of 12 dense-grade mixtures. Marshall mix design was used in determination of the optimum asphalt content (OAC) and each mixture at the OAC was prepared for a newly-developed Kim test on Marshall specimen (S=10 cm) and gyratory specimen (S=15cm), and for wheel tracking test. Kim test used Marshall loading frame and the specimen was conditioned for 30min at 60℃ before loading through Kim tester, and apparatus consisting of a loading column and a specimen and column holder. Diameter (D) of column was 3cm and 4cm with each column having different radius (r) of round cut at the bottom. The static load was applied at 50mm/min in axial direction of the specimen, not in diameteral direction, and the maximum load (P_max) and vertical deformation (y) at the maximum load point were measured. A curve, similar to the one from a Marshall test or static indirect tensile strength test was obtained from each test. A strength value was calculated based on the P_max, H(=D-2r). r and y by using the equation K_D=4P_max/π(H+2√(2ry-y^2))^2 and is defined as deformation strength (kgf/㎠). The values of P_max/y and K_I=K-D/y were also calculated to see if these have any correlation with rutting. In general, D and r were significant factors affecting K_D, while specimen size was not. The statistical analyses results showed the K_D had the best correlation with rut depth and dynamic stability. The next best correlation was found from P_max which was followed by P_max/y and K_I in order. Therefore, K_D can be used for selecting the highly resistable asphalt mixture against permanent deformation.

대장암환자에서 자연살해세포의 변화

김광호,심강섭,박응범,강은숙,홍기숙 대한대장항문학회 1998 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.14 No.3

鐵筋콘크리트 기둥-보 接合部의 炭素纖維 補强에 따른 構造的 特性에 關한 實驗的 硏究

김정섭,박덕규,조창호,김광섭,김하진 조선대학교 국토개발연구소 1997 국토개발연구 Vol.17 No.1

When reinforced concrete structures have a horizontal load, the strength capacity of the structure is not perfect. And when it is damaged by an earthquake load, it's weakness is more serious. Consequently if the structure is to be reused it reqires repair or restrengthening. This study investigates the structural capacity obtained in the repair-restrengthening of beams under static loads and beam-column joints under dynamic loads in reinforced concrete structures made with the repair-restrengthening method. Accordingly, a total of 18 tests were conducted and results obtained in tests which included test joints of beam-column. The results obtained were then compared and analyzed for hysteretic behavior, maximum stiffness, destruction, shearing transformation, energy dispersion capacity, structural capacity and problems of repair-restrengthening. The conclusions were as follows: The experimental variable which showed the most excellent reinforcement properties was the test in which carbon fiber laminate was attached with Super Found and it demonstrated the highest strength value. While cracks in the test objects under static loads were distributed widely across more concentrated at the joints of the beam-columns. Accordingly the development of repair-restrengthening materials and adhesives that do not show brittle fractures and that have ductile behavior characteristics should be promoted when dynamic load characteristics as occur in earthquakes are a factor to be considered.

疲勞荷重을 받는 鐵筋콘크리트 보의 炭素纖維시트 補强에 따른 構造特性에 관한 硏究

조철희,김하진,김광섭,김정섭 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 1999 建設技術硏究 Vol.19 No.1

This study is an experimental study of reinforced-concrete beam with carbon fiber sheet under fatigue load and aims at utilizing it as the basic material of strengthening design of reinforced-concrete structure under the fatigue load by examining the structural characteristics according to the fatigue load. Non-strengthening and strengthening, kind of strengthening materials(non-resin carbon fiber sheet, resin carbon fiber sheet) and the loading size (80%, 100%, 120% of static destruction load) in static and fatigue experiment are designed as the variables of experiment. The experimental results are as follows. 1. The strengthening test specimen shows the increase of yield strength of 208% in comparison with non-strengthening test specimen in the static experiment which is the standard of fatigue experiment. 2. The strengthening test specimen of non-resin CFS of K company and of resin CFS of M company indicate the increase of yield strength of 228% and 183% respectively in static experiment. 3. It is found that the strengthening test specimen in fatigue experiment has the increase of fatigue strength according to that of static yield strength. The strengthening test specimen with the loading of 120% of static load secures the fatigue yield strength of greater cycle than non-strengthening test specimen with 80% of static destruction load. Accordingly, it is judged that it is suitable to use CFS for the strengthening of reinforced-concrete due to the lack of fatigue load and structural yield strength. 4. It is shown that non-resin CFS strengthening test specimen of K company tested under the same condition secures the fatigue yield strength of greater cycle than resin CFS strengthening test specimen of M company. Initial deflection and elastic behavior have a similar form. Therefore it is thought that non-resin CFS produced at home is the strengthening material with the quality of international standard. 5. The test specimen reinforced with CFS has greater effects at static and fatigue yield strength, prevention of initial deflection and elastic deflection. So, it is considered that the reinforcement of CFS structure in actual structure may have the similar reinforcement effect to this experiment

경연 대회를 통한 초ㆍ중고생의 창의력 신장 효과에 관한 연구

이희복,육근철,류해일,김현섭,김희수,박달원,유병환,김선효,김여상,서광수,변두원,서명석,배성효,박종석,심규철,이성희 공주대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 과학교육연구 Vol.32 No.1

미래 사회를 대비하기 위한 개인의 개성을 존중과 창의적인 능력을 지닌 인간을 양성을 목적으로 충청남도 지역의 초 ㆍ 중고등학생들을 대상으로 한 창의력 경연대회가 공주대학교 과학교육연구소에서 개최되었다. 충청남도 초 ㆍ중 ㆍ 고등학생들을 대상으로 실시한 창의력 경연대회는 창조적 아이디어를 내어 스스로 문제를 해결해 나갈 수 있는 교육 프로그램을 제공하는 좋은 기회였음이 확인되었으나, 일부의 팀에서만 참신하고 재미있는 아이디어들이 제안되었다. 여학생의 참가자 수가 상당히 증가하였으며, 대체적으로 입상권의 학생들의 상당 부분이 여학생이라는 것이 특이할만하다. 학년이 올라감에 따라서 창의적인 아이디어를 내는 양이나 질에 있어서 뒤떨어지는 것으로 분석되었으며, 토론 학습의 적응력이 미흡하고 발표력 및 청취력에 있어서도 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 중 ㆍ고등학교의 학교교육에서도 학생들에게 프로젝트형 탐구학습 프로그램의 적용은 물론 토론식 수습을 통한 학생들의 사고의 전환의 기회를 제공해야 할 것으로 사료된다. The creativity competition was held to foster the creativity of elementary and secondary school students in the Institute of Science Education, Kongju national University. It was found that the creativity competition effected on the improvement of inventing creative ideas and problem solving activities. But, only some competitors participated in semifinal and final contests, presented original and interesting ideas. More female students participated in competition than last year. More female participants were awarded a prize than males. Totally, participants were defective in discussion and communication, and presentation and listening ideas. Increasing grades correlated inversely with creativity and originality. There is need of inquiry project teaming programs and presenting opportunities of conversion of thinking by discussing instructions in school

건설산업 ISO 9000 품질시스템의 합리적 정착을 위한 개선 방안에 관한 연구

김정섭,유덕룡,강연구,박광수 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 1999 建設技術硏究 Vol.19 No.3

ISO 9000 Quality System has been proved it's effectiveness in the advanced countries for years. And many companies in the world has been accepting the Quality System resulting in increasing of sales, decreasing of poor quality goods or complaints and elevating sense of quality, etc. Still, however, in the construction industrial fields, there are several problems to solve in the process of accepting the Quality System such as surveys for speciality of constructing site. If government organization in charge of operating the System, Accreditation Body, Certification Body, research institute and certificated construction companies are searching for the improving devices organically, ISO 9000 Quality System will be settled reasonably in the construction industry and become a good system to guarantee the construction quality and working system.

격체계 기술의 흐름

김광섭,김정민 청주대학교 인문과학연구소 2000 人文科學論集 Vol.20 No.-

대장암조직에서 아포토시스 검출 방법에 관한 연구

김광호,심강섭,김성숙,구혜수,박응범 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1997 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.20 No.2

1989년 1월부터 1992년 12월 사이에 대장암으로 근치적 절제술을 시행받은후 추적조사가 가능한 45명의 환자를 대상 대장암조직의 Hematoxylin-Eosin염색을 통하여 apoptotic body를 광학 현미경하에서 400배율 하에서 관찰하여 암세포 100개당 평균개수를 세었으며 TUNEL 방법을 이용하여 면화학적염색을 통하여 염색정도를 판정을하여 대장암에서 아포토시스의 정도를 판정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Dukes병기 A 일 때 apoptotic body가 평균 1.93개, B 일 때 2.66개, C 인 경우 2.76개 였으며 분화도에 따라서는 고분화암인 경우 2.51개, 중등도분화암인 경우는 3.01개, 저분화암인 경우는 2.15개였다. 5년내 사망한 환자에서는 3.55개 였으며 5년이상 생존한 환자에서는 2.8개였다. 형태학적으로 apoptotic body의 수를 세어 아포토시스를 측정하여 예후예측인자로 사용할 수 있으리라 사료되며 아포토시스와 p53의 발현과의 관계를 보았을 때 특별한 상관관계를 발견 할 수 없어 bcl-2의 발현과 더불어 아토토시스와의 관게에 대하여 좀더 연구가 되어야 하겠다. Objectives : Apoptosis is a specific mode of cell death recognized by a characteristic pattern of morphological, biochemical, and molecular changes, There are several methods of detection of apoptosis. Morphological changes involve a characteristic pattern of chromation and cytoplasm. The landmark of apoptosis is endonucleolysis, with nuclear DNA initially degraded at the linker sections to fragments equivalent to single and multiple nucleosomes. Detection of DNA fragments is situ using the terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase(TDT)-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay is increasingly applied to investigate apoptosis. We studied the detection method of apoptosis morphologically and by using TUNEL assay and examined the correlation of p53 expression and apoptosis. Methods : Forty-five cases of colorectal cancer were selected. The number of apoptotic bodies was expressed as a number per 100 cancer cells. The TUNEL assay was performed with in situ Apoptag kit®. Results : The mean number of the apoptotic bodies was 2.28 in the patients who survived over 5 years after curative resection and 3.55 in the patients who died within 5 years(p=0.001). There was a relationship between the number of apoptotic bodies which were measured by morphologic study and the results which were measured by TUNEL assay. There was no relationship between p53 expression and apoptosis. Conclusion : These results suggest that the frequency of apoptotic bodies may be a prognostic factor for colorectal cancer and apoptosis could be measured by morphological study without special study.

심근침범을 동반한 Becker형 근이영양증 환자에서 확인한 Dystrophin 유전자 Exon결실

김광일,오병희,이무용,채인호,신수,박성섭,김효수,손대원,이명묵,박영배,최윤식,이영우 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.5