Effect of Developmental Lead Exposure on the Expression of Hippocampal NMDA Receptor Subunit mRNA

Kim, Tae-Wan,Chung, In-Sung,Bae, Jae-Hoon,Shin, Dong-Hoon,Lee, Mi-Young,Kim, Joon-Sik 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

목적: in vivo 및 vitro에서 해마 신경세포의 발생단계별 NMDA 수용체 아단위 mRNA 발현에 대한 연 폭로 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 흰쥐 해마 신경세포의 발생단계별 NMDA 수용체 NR2A, NR2B 아단위 mRNA 발현에 대한 연의 영향은 정상군과 연 폭로군의 출생 후 7일, 14일, 22일 흰쥐의 해마에서 in situ hybridization으로 mRNA 발현 정도를 densitometer로 측정하여 비교하였고, 연과 NMDA 의 세포독성은 해마 신경세포 일차배양 후 도립현미경을 이용한 형태학적인 관찰과 LDH 활성도를 이용하여 측정하였다. 결과: 연 과 NMDA 에 의한 세포독성에 대한 in vitro 실험에서 형태학적 소견과 LDH 활성도에서 해마 미성숙 신경세포와 성숙 신경세포사이의 차이가 있었으므로, 연과 NMDA 독성효과는 해마 신경세포의 발달 단계에 따라 차이가 있다. 정상군의 해마에서의 NR2A mRNA 발현은 출생 후 연령이 증가함에 따라 점진적으로 증가하였으나, NR2B mRNA 발현은 출생 후 연령이 증가함에 따라 점진적으로 증가하였으나 NR2B mRNA 발현은 연령의 증가에 따른 변화가 없었다. 연 폭로에 희한 NR2A mRNA 발현은 유의하게 감소하였으나(p<0.05), NR2B mRNA 발현은 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 만성적 연 폭로는 NR2A를 포함하는 NMDA 수용체를 감소시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 결론: 연은 해마신경세포의 발생단계에서 NMDA 수용체 아단위 특히 NR2A mRNA 발현의 변화를 야기하여 시냅스 신호 전달에 영향을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. Hippocampus

Associations of serotonergic genes with poststroke emotional incontinence

Kim, Jae‐,Min,Stewart, Robert,Kang, Hee‐,Ju,Bae, Kyung‐,Yeol,Kim, Sung‐,Wan,Shin, Il‐,Seon,Kim, Joon‐,Tae,Park, Man‐,Seok,Cho, Ki‐,Hyun,Yoon, Jin‐ John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY Vol.27 No.8

<P><B>Objectives</B></P><P>Poststroke emotional incontinence (PSEI) has been associated with serotonergic dysfunction. Polymorphisms of serotonin transporter (5‐HTT) and serotonin 2a receptor (5‐HTR2a) genes may regulate serotonergic signaling at brain synapses, and this study was to investigate associations with PSEI in an East Asian population.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>In 276 stroke cases, PSEI was diagnosed by Kim's criteria. Covariates included age, gender, education, history of depression or stroke, current depression, and stroke severity and location. Genotypes were ascertained for 5‐HTT gene‐linked promoter region (5‐HTTLPR), serotonin transporter intron 2 variable number tandem repeat, 5‐HTR2a 1438A/G, and 5‐HTR2a 102 T/C. Associations with PSEI were estimated by using logistic regression models, and gene–gene interactions were investigated by using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction method.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>PSEI was present in 37 (13.4%) patients. The 5‐HTT gene‐linked promoter region <I>s</I>/<I>s</I> genotype was independently associated with PSEI. No associations with STin2 VNTR and 5‐HTR2a genes were found, and no significant gene–gene interactions were identified.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Stroke patients with 5‐HTTLPR <I>s</I> allele had higher susceptibility to PSEI, which underlines the potential role of serotonergic pathways in its etiology. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

Rebuilding the Inter-Korean Relations : Prospects for an Inter-Korean Summit in the post-Chonan Incident Era

Kim,Sung Bae(김성배) 고려대학교 평화연구소 2010 평화연구 Vol.18 No.2

2010년 3월 천안함 침몰 사건 이후 남북관계는 날로 악화되어 왔으며 6자회담의 전망도 밝지. 않다. 지난 7월 유엔 안보리 의장성명 채택과 북한의 후계체제 공식화를 계기로 한반도 정세의 해빙조짐이 있지만 아직은 별다른 진전이 없다. 기존의 남북합의가 거의 백지화된 오늘날 남북관계가 복원되기 위해서는 완전히 새로운 틀이 필요하다. 그런데 이는 남북정상회담을 통해서만 실현 가능하다. 더욱이 북핵문제의 진전은 현재의 남북관계가 진전되지 않으면 사실상 불가능하다. 결국 제3차 남북정상회담만이 남북관계와 북핵문제의 돌파구를 동시에 마련할 수 있는 유일한 해결책이다. 문제는 제3차 남북정상회담이 개최되기 위해서는 북한의 비핵화에 기여하는 회담이 되어야 한다는 것이다. 이명박 정부의 대북정책 원칙이나 천안함 사태 등 최근의 정세를 고려할 때 북핵문제 해결에 기여하지 못하는 남북정상회담은 정당화되기 어렵기 때문이다. 제3차 남북정상회담이 북핵문제 해결에 기여하기 위해서는 최소한 북한이 아무 조건 없이 6자회담에 복귀한다는 합의를 이끌어 내야 할 것이다. 쉽지는 않겠지만 만약 북한이 제3차 남북정상회담의 결과 핵실험 모라토리움을 선언한다면 이는 북한의 비핵화를 위한 상당히 의미 있는 기여가 될 것이다. 그러한 조치는 북한의 일방적 결정으로 가능하기 때문에 굳이 6자회담 틀 내에서 합의될 필요가 없다. 또한, 김정일 위원장이 남북정상회담 결과 채택할 공동성명에서 북한의 비핵화에 대한 강력한 의지를 표현한다면 또 다른 성과가 될 것이다. 향후 오바마 행정부와 이명박 정부는 남북정상회담에서 이러한 목표가 달성될 수 있도록 긴밀히 협력할 필요가 있다. 두 행정부는 북핵문제에 대한 “포괄적” 접근을 이미 천명한 바 있다. 북한의 비핵화 과정 복귀, 핵실험 모라토리움 선언, 김정일 위원장의 명확한 비핵화 의지 천명 등 남북정상회담에서 북핵문제에 대한 합의가 이루어진다면 이러한 한미 공동의 “포괄적 패키지” 요소들로서 기능할 수 있을 것이다. After the sinking of the ROK Navy corvette Chonan on March 26, 2010, the situation on the Korean Peninsula has rapidly deteriorated, prospects for the Six-Party Talks are also very negative. Today, for inter-Korean relations to resume, a whole new framework is needed given the nullification of all existing North-South agreements. Such a renewed relationship can only be achieved through a third inter-Korean summit. Moreover, progress on the North Korean nuclear issue is impossible until the current state of North-South relations is improved. In the end, the only solution is an inter-Korean summit, which could bring a breakthrough in both North-South relations and the nuclear issue at the same time. An agreement to resume Six-Party Talks without any precondition would be the minimum contribution of any inter-Korean summit. If North Korea were to declare a moratorium on nuclear testing as a result of an inter-Korean summit, that would also significantly contribute to DPRK denuclearization. Such actions do not have to be agreed upon within the Six-Party Talks because they could be unilateral decisions made by Pyongyang. Another minimum achievement would be to secure North Korea’s commitment to denuclearization in Kim Jong-Il’s own words and then to insert those comments into a joint statement at the end of the summit. The Obama and Lee administrations must closely cooperate to achieve such objectives in an inter-Korean summit. The two administrations have already declared a common “comprehensive” approach to the North Korean nuclear issue. Feasible achievements in an inter-Korean summit can serve as elements of this “comprehensive package.”

Level of Resident Care Need and Staffing by Size of Nursing Home under the Public Long-term Care Insurance in South Korea

Bae,Sung-Heui,Kim,Hongsoo 한국노인간호학회 2020 노인간호학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Purpose: Formal long-term care in nursing homes became a popular means of caring for frail elders in South Korea. This universal long-term care (LTC) insurance for elders was introduced in 2008. The aim of this study was to provide information on the extent of and variations in residents’ care needs and nursing staffing characteristics across nursing homes. Methods: This was a population-based secondary analysis of a large national survey study involving 1,472 older residents in 92 nursing homes in South Korea in 2013. Characteristics of residents and nursing homes were collected by functional assessment and an examination of administrator surveys for nursing home size was done using descriptive analysis. Results: Small and small-medium nursing homes were more likely to provide care to non-Medical-aid beneficiaries and older people with lower care need level. These smaller homes also better met the minimum nursing staffing standard. However, they were less likely to hire registered nurses (RNs), as it is not yet a staffing requirement for nursing homes in Korea. Conclusion: South Korea has a policy agenda to increase nursing staffing level, especially by adding RNs, and decrease variations in staffing levels by nursing home size. Further evidence on care-need level, proper resource allocation, and policies designed to strengthen the LTC workforce is essential to advance the LTC system in Korea.

S-542 Indomethacin aggravates the renal injury by inhibition of adenosine-medited renal protection in AKI

( Hyejung Kim ),( Sun-hee Kim ),( Mi Seon Kang ),( Park Seok Ju ),( Min Sung An ),( Ki Beom Bae ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury with high morbidity and mortality due to limited therapy. AKI emerges in various clinical settings and is complex with outcome linking oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. Therefore protection of AKI is still an unsolved problem. Indomethacin is generally known that it inhibits the production of prostaglandins through the inhibition both cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2. Prostaglandins have a wide variety of effect such as regulation of vasodilation, inflammation, regeneration, pain, fever. Therefore effect of indomethacin in AKI is different according to injury model. We investigated whether indomethacin which inhibits the production of prostaglandins aggravate the renal injury in AKI mouse model. Methods: Male C57/BL6 mice (8-10 weeks old, weight 20~25 g) were used. Acute kidney injury is induced by bilateral kidneys pedicle clamping which were subjected to 20 min or 30 min at both kidneys. Mice were treated with indomethacin at before and after injury. Blood and kidney samples were collected at 24 hr after IRI. The expression level of creatinine, N-gal & Kim-1 were detected in serum. And the expression level of PGE2, cAMP and adenosine were detected in kidney. Kidney Injury score were measured by HE staining and TUNEL. Results: In bilateral AKI model, Serum NGAL level and creatinine level were significantly highest in indomethacin treated group compared to non-treated group (NGAL, p<0.05; creatinine, p<0.01). Indomethacin treated group showed significantly more necrosis and apoptosis compared to non-treated group. Furthermore, Indomethacine inhibited the production of prostaglandins, cAMP and adenosine. Conclusions: Indomethacin inhibits adenosine-mediated renal protection by inhibition of prostaglandin production in AKI. Therefore Indomethacin worsened renal injury by inhibition of prostaglandin production in AKI. * This research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the KHIDI, funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number :H15C2212)

Expression Profiles of Retinoblastoma Protein and p27Kip1 According to HER2 Amplification Status in Primary Breast Cancer

신재호,Sung-Jin Park,Hyun-Jin Cho,Geumhee Gwak,Byung-Noe Bae,Ki Whan Kim,Hong-Yong Kim2,Kyeongmee Park,Sehwan Han 한국유방암학회 2009 Journal of breast cancer Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)/neu amplification affects the cell proliferation through the modulation of multiple G1 cell cycle regulators in breast tumor cells. We performed this study to investigate whether retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and p27Kip1 were differently expressed according to the HER2 amplification status in human breast cancer. Methods: HER2 amplification was assayed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and the expression of cell cycle regulators were assayed by immunohistochemistry on 153 consecutive invasive breast cancers. The proliferative activity of breast cancer was analyzed according to the HER2 amplification and cell cycle protein expression status. Results: HER2 amplification was observed in 39 (25.5%) of 153 breast cancers. In the HER2 amplified breast cancers, the pRB expression was significantly increased (p=0.011) whereas there was no significant relationship between HER2 amplification and p27Kip1 expression. There was an inverse correlation between pRB expression and Ki-67 labeling index in the HER2 amplified breast cancers (p=0.036). In contrast, Ki67 labeling index was significantly decreased as p27Kip1 expression increased in HER2 non-amplified breast cancers (p=0.028). In HER2 non-amplified breast cancers, we could not observe any association between the pRB expression and Ki67 labeling index. Conclusion: The proliferation of the breast cancers was associated with pRB expression in HER2 amplified tumors whereas it was associated with p27Kip1 expression in HER2 non-amplified tumors. The results of the current study indicate that the cell proliferative activity of the breast cancer is under different growth signal pathways according to HER2 amplification status.

Uric acid-lowering effect and intestinal permeability of Kampo medicine, Hachimijiogan, Yokuininto and Goshakusan

Lee, Seung Hoon,Park, Gunhyuk,Kim, Sung Bae,Oh, Dal-Seok Elsevier 2018 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE Vol.20 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Introduction</B></P> <P>The aim of the present study was to investigate the uric acid-lowering effect of several Kampo (Japanese) herbal medicines (Hachimijiogan, Hangekobokuto, Yokuininto, Keishibukuryogan, Rikunshito, Kakkonto and Goshakusan), in a drug-permeability mimicked model using human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Caco-2 cells pretreated with potassium oxonate (PO) were treated with each medicine. The protein levels of xanthine oxidase (XO), glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), and organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3) were determined via immunoblot analysis and ELISA. Caco-2 cell protein expression was additionally analyzed via immunofluorescence staining. OAT3 transporter uptake assays were measured by HEK293 cells overexpressing system. The levels of renal injury biomarkers, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were measured.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The results indicated that Hachimijiogan, Yokuininto and Goshakusan upregulated OAT3 protein levels (18%, 35% and 34%, respectively) and downregulated GLUT9 protein levels (69%, 49% and 63%, respectively), reversing the effects of PO. In addition, they remarkably inhibited XO activity (40%, 45% and 36%, respectively) as well as inflammatory renal injury biomarkers, NGAL (32%, 51% and 52%, respectively) and KIM-1 protein levels (55%, 41% and 41%, respectively). The nominated herbal medicines can modulate the expression of OATs involved in uric acid uptake, and may have anti-inflammatory actions via the suppression of acute kidney injury biomarkers.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Kampo medicines, Hachimijiogan, Yokuininto and Goshakusan were demonstrated to have anti-hyperuricemic effects by suppression of XO activity and regulation of uric acid transport proteins. Furthermore, Hachimijiogan, Yokuininto and Goshakusan were found to reduce the activities of NGAL and KIM-1.</P>

퇴행성 아래눈꺼풀속말림의 치료에 있어 퀴커트 봉합술의 효과

배숭환,김명진,최용준,김성주,Soong-Hwan Bae,Myung-Jin Kim,Yong-Jun Choi,Sung-Joo Kim 대한안과학회 2005 대한안과학회지 Vol.46 No.7

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Quickert-Rathbun suture to correct involutional entropion. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of 132 consecutive patients (132 lids, male 58, female 74) with involutional entropion who underwent correction from September 2001 to June 2004 at Kim`s eye hospital. All surgical corrections were performed with the Quickert-Rathbun suture technique. The average follow-up period was 9 months (1~17 months). Results: The average length of follow-up time was 14 months (6~22 months). There were no long-term complications like lagophthalmos or ectropion. Surgery was successful in 102 (77.2%) of the 132 eyelids in the first Quickert-Rathbun suture. The second Quickert-Rathbun suture was performed to 17 out of 30 recurred patients, One of whom was noted to have recurrent entropion at 12 months. The final success rate of Quickert-Rathbun suture was 89.3%. The average length of recurrence time was 9.1±8.4 months. Conclusions: The Quickert-Rathbun suture described is simple, straightforward and reliable for the correction of involutional entropion primarily.

제주지역에서 브로콜리 노균병 발생 실태 및 품종에 따른 저항성 검정

고순보(Sun Bo Ko),김성배(Seong Bae Kim1),고태신(Tae Sin Ko),홍순영(Sun Young Hong),강성근(Sung Koon Kang),박용봉(Yong Bong Park) 한국원예학회 2008 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2008 No.5

Growth Suppression and Induction of Chemosensitivity in Human Gallbladder Epithelial Carcinoma Cells (GBCE) byAdenovirus-Mediated Transfer of the Wild-type p53 Gene

Sung-Bae Kim,Myung-Hwan Kim,Sung-Koo Lee,Tae-Won Kim,Cheolwon Suh,Jeong-Sik Shin,Jung-Sun Park,Eun-Soon Kim,Gyungyub Gong,Jung-Shin Lee,Woo-Kun Kim,Sang-Hee Kim 대한암학회 2003 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.35 No.6

Purpose: Mutations in the p53 gene are reported in 50~90% of gallbladder and bile duct cancer, and have beenimplicated in chemoresistance. We undertook this studyto determine whether the introduction of the wild type p53gene into GBCE (human gallbladder cancer cell line witha heterozygous p53 mutation) by an adenoviral vectorcould increase the sensitivity of the cell to 5-FU, a commonlyused drug in the treatment of gallbladder cancer.Materials and Methods: GBCE cells were transfectedwith either Ad/p53 or Ad/E1 in the presence of 5-FU. Geneexpression was confirmed by western blotting. Nude micewere injected subcutaneously with GBCE cells. Whentumors formed, intratumoral injection of Ad/p53 wasperformed. Reduction of tumor size was compared in twoweeks of Ad/p53 gene transfection.Results: Ad/53 transfection induced a dose-dependentinhibition of tumor growth. Tumor colony formation wasmore inhibited with p53 gene transfection than with mocktransfection in the presence of 5-FU. The reduction intumor size was more pronounced with p53 transfectionthan with mock infection.Conclusion: These treatment modalities could be utilizedin the treatment of p53 mutant human gallbladdercancers. (Cancer Res Treat. 2003;35:521-527)