진딧물의 경보페로몬인 (E)-β-Farnesene의 합성과 생물활성시험

강석구,정경운,이정운,고현관 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.1

(E)-β-Farnesene, the alarm pheromone of aphids was synthesized from nerolidol by reacting in a sealed tube at 150℃ for 24h with DMSO. Base(KOtBu/DMSO) catalized elimination of HCl from farnesyl chloride at 50℃ for 4h afforded (E)-β-farnesene as the major product. Farnesyl chloride was prepared from nerolidol or farnesol with SOCl_2 or HCl. Biological activity test of (E)-β-farnesene thus synthesized was conducted.

(+)-Eldanolide의 합성에 관한 연구

강석구,이동하,이정민 성균관대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.41 No.2

출발물질로 D-타타르산 사용하여 (+)-eldanolide의 합성을 연구하였다. 이 합성에서의 중요반응은 온도를 -78℃→0℃로 하여 lithium diisopropylamide 사용하여 (2R, 3R)-1-chloro-2,3-isopropylidenedioxy-6-methy-5-heptene을 탈수소-제거반응시켜 중요한 반응 중간체인 (3R)-6-methyl-heptyn-5-en-3-ol을 합성하는 것이다. Synthetic approach to (+)-eldanolide from D-tartaric acid as starting material is described. They key reaction is the deprotonation-elemination reaction of (2R, 3R)-1-chloro-2, 3-isopropylidenedioxy-6-methyl-5-heptene with lithium diisopropylamide at -78℃→℃ and the key intermediate is (3R)-6-methyl-heptyn-5-en-3-ol.

관상동맥질환 환자에서 스텐트 시술 후 재협착에 관한 연구

강진환,권영주,박상호,한대희,이상철,김명구,변정득,최병조,심규혁,온영근,현민수,김성구 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background and aims : In the coronary artery disease, a rate of restenosis was much decreased by placement of coronary stent than when percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty has been applied, but there are still important clinical problems of restenosis. There has been many progressive studies about various factors contributed to this restenosis. So, we studied a relation between restenosis after placement of coronary stent in the coronary artery disease and many clinical factors, characteristics of stenotic lesion and procedural factors, and also assessed the restenosis rate of various coronary stents. Methods : Total 58 lesions(46 cases of patients ; man 30, woman 16) were evaluated, which has been performed a follow-up coronary angiography after 6 months (mean 188 days) since coronary stent had been placed. Various stents were implanted and assessed a relation between restenosis and many factors. Results : Of 58 lesions were target stenotic studies, there were 22 of restenotic lesions(37.9%), and the restenosis rate wes statistically significant difference in the relation with diabetes mellitus(p<0.05), group of acute myocardial infarction(p<0.05) among clinical diagnosis of ischemic heart disease(stable angina, unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction) in clinical factors and with high dilation pressure of stent(p<0.05) in procedural factors. When the rate of restenosis was evaluated among implanted stents, it was lowest in the Multilink^(®) stent and highest in the Nir Royal^(®) stent(60%). Conclusion : In this study of restenosis and various factors after placement of stents in the coronary artety disease, factors such as diabetes mellitus, group of acute myocardial infarction and a dilation pressure of stent were significant related with restenosis and the restenosis rate of Multilink^(®) stent was lowest and the highest restenosis rate was of Nir Royal^(®) stent.

벼의 혹명나방의 성 유인 물질의 합성과 생물활성시험

강석구,박정민,이정운,고현관 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1983 論文集 Vol.34 No.2

벼의 혹명나방의 성 유인 물질인 (Z)-13-옥타데센-1-올 아세테이트를 새로운 방법으로 합성하였다. 즉, 1-헥신의 리튬 음이온을 보호된 12-브로모-1-도데칸을 THP 에테르와 반응시켜, 13-옥타데신-1-올 THP에테르를 만든후 Lindlar 촉매에 의한 수소화 반응을 시켜 (Z)-13-옥타데센-1-올 THP에테르를 얻는다. 산촉매하에서 보호기를 제거한 후 피리딘 용매하에서 무수아세트산을 반응시켜 최종 생성물인 (Z)-13-옥타데센-1-올 아세테이트를 좋은 수율로 얻었다. 농촌진흥청의 곤충과와 공동으로 상기에서 합성된 성 유인 물질을 이용하여 혹명 나방의 숫컷에 대한 성 유인 효과를 실험해본 결과 성 유인 작용이 있는 것으로 나타났다. A new method is described for the synthesis of (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol acetate(1), the sex pheromone of the Rice Leaf Folder moth. Lithium acetylide of 1-hexyne was alkylated with 12-bromo-1-dodecanol THP ether. 13-Octadecyn-1-ol THP ether was stereoselectively reduced over Lindlar catalyst(Pd/BaSO_4) to give (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol THP ether. (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol THP ether was deprotected and acetylated with acetic anhydride and pyridine to afford the final product, (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol acetate. Biological activity test of the synthetic compound, (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol acetate was tested in the field using polyethylene capsules as containers. The numbers of moths trapped with pheromone vials were counted.

만성 심부전환자의 혈액에서 측정한 Tumor necrosis factor-α 및 Interleukin-6의 임상적 의의

김명구,김성구,박상호,한대희,강진환,변정득,심규혁,최병조,방덕원,온영근,현민수,권영주 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background and objectives: Many conditions are responsible for the pathophysiology and progressive mechanisms of congestive heart failure. More recently, it has also become evidence that another class of biologycally activated molecules generically reffered to as cytokine these are also over expressed in congestive heart failure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6) in mild to severe symptoms of heart failure and compare their values with those found in normal control and analysed correlation relationship between cytokine level, clinical findings and hemodynamic indicies. Subjects and Methodology: Levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured on pulmonary artery during cardiac catheterization in heart failure patients(n=32) and normal subjects(n=8) as well as physical examination and echocardiogram. Cytokines assay were performed on plasma using commercially available ELISA(Enazyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kits. Results: Although the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 tend to increase in congestive heart failure group, the cytokines level was not made significantly statistical difference between congestive heart failure group and controls. When analyzing the correlation between the levels of PCWP(pulmonary capillary wedge pressure) and cytokines(TNF-α, IL-6), respectively, there were statistically significant correlation coefficient 0.32,(p<0.05), 0.39(p<0.01). The cytokine IL-6 and pressure of pulmonary artery were significant correlation.(correlation coefficient 0.36, p<0.02) More significantly, there was correlated with TNF-α and IL-6.(correlation coefficient 0.57, p<0.001) Conclusions: There was tended toward high concentration of TNF-α & IL-6 in congestive heart failure and significant difference for PCWP between TNF-α & IL-6, thus may be correlated with development and progression in congestive heart failure.

허혈성 심질환에서 염증지표에 관한 연구

번정득,권영주,박상호,한대희,이상철,강진환,김명구,심규혁,최병조,온영근,현민수,김성구 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background : Atherosclerosis is the chief underlying cause of ischemic heart disease and there is increasing evidence that inflammation is an important determinant of the development of atherosclerosis. We assessed the levels of inflammatory markers in patients with ischemic heart disease and normal group who has normal coronary angiograms. Materials and Methods : Coronary angiography was performed in 142 patients. 107 patients of ischemic heart disease(stable angina pectoris 58, unstable angina pectoris 30, Acute myocardial infarction 19) and 38 normal control subjects. We assessed the level of inflammatory markers, such as CRP, ESR, fibrinogen and leukocyte. Results : CRP, ESR and fibrinogen values of the patients with stable angina pectoris and unstable angina pectoris were higher than that of normal control group, but there were no statistical significance. Leukocyte value of the patients with unstable angina pectoris(9003.3±701.5/mm^(3)) was significantly higher than that of the patients with stable angina pectoris(6685.5±245.8/mm^(3)) and normal control subjects(6394.3±235.1/mm^(3)). CRP, ESR and fibrinogen values of the patients with acute myocardial infarction were also higher than that of normal control subjects. CRP was 3.88±2.05 mg/dL in acute mocardial infarction group, and 0.29±0.15 mg/dL in normal control subject group(p<0.05). Fibrinogen was 541.6±45.1 mg/dL in acute myocardial infarction group, 321.4±25.6 mg/dL in normal control subject group(p<0.05). Leukocyte was 10942.1±737.6/mm^(3) in acute myocardial infarction group, 6394.3±235.1/mm^(3) in normal control subject group(p<0.05). Conclusions : This study demonstrate that CRP, fibrinogen and leukocyte values of acute myocardial infarction group were significantly higher than that of control group and stable, unstable argina pectoris group. Leucokyte values were significantly elevated in unstable angina group, but CRP values were not in unstable angina group.

특수교육실무원의 직무스트레스와 직무만족의 관계에서 사회적지지의 매개효과 연구

강석임 ( Seok-im¸ Kang ),구자정 ( Ja-jeong¸ Ku ) 한국지적장애교육학회(구 한국정신지체아교육학회) 2020 지적장애연구 Vol.22 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 특수교육실무원의 직무스트레스가 직무만족에 미치는 영향에서 사회적지지의 매개효과를 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 충청도 지역 내 특수학교에서 장애학생을 돌보는 특수교육실무원 318명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 기술통계, 상관관계분석, 회귀분석을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 주요 변수의 집단 간 차이를 알아본 결과 특수교육실무원의 경력이 높을수록, 돌보는 장애아동의 유형이 지적장애아동을 돌보는 경우 직무만족도가 낮게 나타났고, 돌보는 아동 장애유형이 지적장애일 경우 다른 장애유형을 돌보는 특수교육실무원의 직무스트레스가 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 지원하는 학생 수가 적을수록 사회적지지가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 직무스트레스의 세 하위요인이 직무만족에 모두 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 직무스트레스 세 하위요인은 사회적지지 하위요인인 정서적지지에 모두 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 물리적지지에는 스트레스증상만이 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 평가적지지에는 직무자체 및 직무여건 스트레스와 스트레스증상이 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 직무스트레스의 하위요인 중 인간관계스트레스가 직무만족에 미치는 영향에서 정서적지지가 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났고, 직무자체 및 직무여건 스트레스는 정서적지지와 평가적지지가 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 스트레스증상은 정서적지지, 물리적지지, 평가적지지가 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 특수교육실무원의 직무만족을 높이기 위한 방안을 제언하고, 향후 특수교육실무원의 직무만족을 통한 특수교육의 질 제고 및 실천적 지원전략을 모색하였다. The purpose of this study is to verify the mediating effects of social support in the influence of job stress upon job satisfaction in special education workers. For this, a questionnaire survey was conducted targeting 318 special education workers who take care of disabled students at a special school within Chungcheongdo region. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The findings are as follows. First, as a result of examining a group-based difference in major variables, it was indicated that the higher career in special education workers leads to the lower job satisfaction in case of taking care of intellectually disabled children in a type of disabled children who are taken care. Given being the intellectual disability in a disability type of children who are taken care, the job stress in special education workers, who take care of other disability type, appeared to be high. It was shown that the fewer number of students who are supported leads to the higher social support. Second, all the three sub-factors of job stress were indicated to have a significant influence upon job satisfaction. Third, all the three sub-factors of job stress were shown to have a significant impact on emotional support, which is sub-variable of social support. Only the stress symptom appeared to have a significant effect on physical support. The evaluative support was indicated to be affected significantly by job itself, job condition stress, and stress symptom. Finally, in the influence of human-relation stress out of sub-factors in job stress upon job satisfaction, the emotional support was shown to have a mediating effect. In job itself and job condition stress, the emotional support and the evaluative support appeared to have a mediating effect. In stress symptom, the emotional support, physical support and evaluative support were indicated to have a mediating effect. Based on the outcomes of this study, a plan was proposed for increasing job satisfaction in special education workers. There was a pursuit for the quality improvement in special education and for the practical support strategy through job satisfaction in special education workers henceforth.

LC/MS/MS 분석법을 이용한 Amlodipine의 약물동태연구

서정원,윤민혁,강원구,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2007 藥學論文集 Vol.22 No.-

The aim of this study were to confirm the analysis method and also to estimate the pharmacokinetic parameters of amlodipine in human volunteers. In an open-label single-dose pharmacokinetic study, a group, consisting of 24 healthy volunteers, received single oral dose of 5mg amlodipine. Blood sample were taken for up to 120 hours. The concentration of amlodipine in these body fluids was determinated using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method with tandem mass spectrometry. Amlodipine and ketoconazole, an internal standard, were extracted from plasma using ethyl acetate in the presence of 0.1M sodium carbonate. After drying the organic layer, the residue was reconstituted in mobile phase(acetonitrile : water = 70 : 30 v/v (0.1% formic acid)) and injected onto a Zorvax C18 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 3.5 ㎛ particles). The isocratic mobile phase was eluted at 0.2ml/min. The ion transitions monitored in multiple reaction-monitoring mode were m/z 410.10 → 294.95 and 532.11 → 81.95, respectively. The coefficient of variance of the assay precision was less than 12%, and the accuracy exceeded 99.1%. The limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/ml. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with non-compartmental(AUC, C_(max), T_(max), CL_(t), V/F) and compartmental(K_(el), K_(a), t_(lag)) pharmacokinetic analysis using WinNonlin program. The estimated means of AUC_(0-120hr), C_(max) and T_(max) were 196.90 ± 5.02 ng·hr/ml, 3.36 ± 0.09 ng/ml and 10.44 ± 0.61 hr, respectively. The means of other pharmacokinetic parameters(V/F, CL_(t), K_(el), K_(a) and t_(lag)) were 1208.06 ± 50.61 L, 25.39 ± 0.65 L/hr, 0.2806 ± 0.0294 hr^(-1), 0.0210 ± 0.0008 hr-1 and 0.4574 ± 0.0635 hours, respectively.

파이온 비임 요법의 물리에 관한 연구

金承坤,姜正求,李延玉 全北大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.38 No.-

Monte Carlo calculations were performed for the transport of the photon, electron, and pion in the water phantom in an effort to quantify the effects of the three ionizing radiations for cancer therapy. Comparison of energy deposited by the three particles as a function of penetration shows that in the case of the negative pion, the normal Bragg peak is greatly enhanced by the energy deposited due to nuclear capture of the pion by a nucleus and the subsequent nuclear reaction. The results clearly indicate that a preferred method of radiation therapy is to use energetic negative pions which has a number of advantages over the other two particles.

UO_2 핵연료봉에 대한 감마선의 투과율 측정

金承坤,姜正求,李延玉 全北大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.36 No.-

A depleted uranium dioxide pellet(φ=12.1nun, l=4.4mm) irradiated in KAERI TRIGA Mark-Ⅲ Reactor was measured with a HPGe detector to determine the product of transmission factor of gamma rays within the source itself and the detector efficiency as a function of energy using gamma rays emitted by fission products ^140L_a, and ^144P_r. The results appear markedly different from the detector efficiency, and the reasons for the deviation were contemplated by extracting a transmission curve as a function of gamma ray energy.