도시 노숙자의 주요 정신장애에 관한 역학 연구

안준호,홍진표,유제춘,박종익,이철,한오수 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.2

외환위기 이후 대도시를 중심으로 노숙자들이 급증하여 이들이 심각한 사회문제로 등장하였다. 외국의 연구에 의하면 노숙자 중 상당수가 만성 정신질환을 앓고 있으며, 정신질환이 노숙의 원인 및 예후와 밀접한 관련이 있다고 한다. 그러나 국내에서는 아직 노숙자의 정신장애의 유병률에 관하여 알려진 바 없으므로 이에 대하여 조사하였다. 방법: 1998년 말부터 1999년 초까지 부산지역의 쉼터 두 곳에 거주하는 노숙자 216명을 대상으로 인구학적 자료에 대한 설문조사를 한 뒤 Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅳ(SCID)을 이용하여 Axis Ⅰ의 주요 정신장애를 진단하였다. 이들의 정신장애의 평생유병률 및 현재유병률을 국내 일반인구 및 외국 노숙자의 정신장애의 유병률과 비교하였다. 결과: DSM-Ⅳ Axis Ⅰ의 정신장애 중 기분장애, 정신병적 장애, 물질사용장애에 대한 진단 평가 결과 상기 정신장애의 전체 평생유병률은 60.1%, 현재유병률은 35.7%이었다. 그 중 주요우울장애의 평생유병률 이 22.5%로서 외국의 노숙자에 대한 역학연구 결과와 비교해 볼 때 높은 수준이었고 알코올 사용 장애의 평생유병률은 47.4%이었다. 정신병적 장애의 평생유병률은 3.8%이었고, 그 중에서도 정신분열병의 평생유병률은 1.9%이어서 외국의 노숙자에 대한 연구결과보다 낮은 편이었다. 결론: 국내 노숙자에서 기분장애와 물질사용장애가 주된 정신장애였으며 정신분열병 등 정신병적 장애의 유병률은 외국에 비해 낮은편이었다. 이러한 정신장애를 가지고 있는 노숙자에 대하여 접근하고 치료하기 위한 대책이 마련되어야 할 것이다. Objective:As homeless people increased in urban areas after the economic crisis in Korea, they became a serious social problem. Foreign research showed that many homeless people had chronic mental illnesses which were closely related with the cause and prognosis of homelessness. But very little was known about the prevalence of mental disorders in Korean homeless people. This study tried to capture the overall picture of mental disorders in homeless people. Method:The study subjects were 216 homeless people who stayed at two Pusan shelters between late 1998 and early 1999. Questionnaires on sociodemographic data were administered to the subjects, and then diagnoses of major DSM-IV Axis I mental disorders were made using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders(SCID). The lifetime and current prevalence of mental disorders in this study were compared to those from other studies in Korean general population and in foreign homeless people. Results:The lifetime prevalence of major DSM-IV mental disorders(mood disorders, psy-chotic disorders, and substance use disorders) of 216 homeless people was 60.1%, and current prevalence was 35.7%. The lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorders was 22.5% which was higher than that of foreign studies. The lifetime prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 47. 4%. The lifetime prevalence of psychotic disorders was 3.8%, and among them the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia was 1.9% which was lower than that of foreign studies. Conclusions: In Korean homeless people, mood disorders and substance use disorders were the main mental disorders and psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia were less than in foreign homeless people. The plans to approach and treat homeless people with mental disorders should be made.

코크스 제조 및 사용 공정에서의 코크스오븐 배출물질 연구

이종천,안규동,조광성,이병국 한국산업위생학회 2001 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.11 No.2

This study was performed to evaluate the coke oven emissions (COE) and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon levels in coke manu- facturing industry, secondary lead smelting industry and glass bottle manufacturing industry. 1. There were no significant difference between the means of personal samples and area samples by the types of industry(p>0.05). The levels of airborne total particulates of the secondary lead smelting industry was the highest(2.30㎎/㎥), and those of the coke manu- facturing industry and glass bottle manufacturing industry were 1.95 ㎎/㎥ and 1.37 ㎎/㎥. The concentration of COE was the highest in the glass bottle manufacturing industry(0.79 ㎎/㎥), and in order of 0.19㎎/㎥ in the coke manufacturing industry and 0.05 ㎎/㎥ in the secondary lead smelting industry. COE/total particulates(%) was highest in the glass bottle manufacturing industry(58.1%) and in order of 10.3% in the coke manufacturing industry and 3.1% in secondary lead smelting industry. There were significant differences in the total particle concentration and Coe by the types of industry(p<0.05) 2. The levels of airborne total particulates was the highest at the smelting process of secondary lead smelting industry(2.30±0.72 ㎎/㎥), and the lowest at the smelting process of glass bottle manufacturing industry (0.99±1.22㎎/㎥) Concentration of COE was the highest at the casting process of glass bottle manufacturing industry (1.09±1.15㎎/㎥), the lowest at the smelting process of secondary lead smelting industry(0.06±0,03 ㎎/㎥). The COE/total particulates(%) was the highest at the casting process of glass bottle manufacturing industry(65.9±20.5%), and the lowest at the smelting process of secondary lead smelting industry(3.1±2.7%). 3. There were positive correlations between level of The airborne total particulates and concentration of COE in COKE manufacturing industry and glass bottle manufacturing industry(p<0.05), but negative correlation in secondary lead smelting industry. 4. The numbers of case and rates that over the Threshold Limit Values(TLVs) were 24 (77.4%)cases in glass bottle manufacture, 14(23.7%) cases in the coke manufacturing industry and no one case in secondary lead smelting industry. Total numbers of case and rates that over TLVs were 38(35.5%) cases. 5. The limit of detection(LOD) for PAH was 10 ㎍/㎖) in standard sample. All PAH levels of the cokes manufacturing industry and the secondary lead smelting industry and the glass bottle manufacturing industry were trace or not to detect.

휘발성 미량유기오염물질의 광분해에 관한 연구

이춘식,최장승,안종수,박현건,성낙창,박승조 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 硏究報告 Vol.21 No.1

This study was carried out photolysis of Trace Volitile Organic Pollutants(BTEX) in the water. The experiment results were summarized as follows : 1. Benzene of removal efficiency were revealed 90% on illumination time of 20minute for bezene concentration range 0.01ppm-0.06ppm by 450W medium pressure mecury lamp of photon energy photolysis reaction, and were revealed 93% phomoxidaton on illumination time 30minute in 0.lppm of reactant benzene. Toluene of removal efficiency were revealed each 97.7%, 98.3%. 97.7%, 87.396 on illumination time of 20minute for toluene each of concentration 0.0lppm, 0.03ppm, 0.06ppm. 0.1ppm by 450W low pressure mecury lamp of photon energy photolysis reaction, and reactant toluene was disappeared on illumination time 30minute. 2. Ethylbenzene of removal efficiency get the better photolysis on the treatment contrast ethylbenzene with benzene and photolysis removal efficiency was above 90% in ethylbenzene concentration range 0.0lppm-0.lppm on illumination time l0minute. 3. Photolysis removal efficiency of m, p-Xylene were researched better result 93% on the about l0minute of illumination time m, p-Xylene concentration range 0.01ppm-0.06ppm, removal efficiency was 97% in higher concentration of 0.2ppm and illumination time 20minute. 4. Photolysis removal efficiency of o-Xylene were researched better result 95% on the about l0minute of illumination time m, p-Xylene concentration range 0.0lppm-0.lppm, and reactant o-Xylene was disappeared on illumination time about 20minute by 450W m d u m pressure mecury lamp.

다이옥신 (2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) 의 건강위해성에 대한 고찰 : Review

신동천,안혜원,이종태,정용 한국환경독성학회 1996 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.11 No.2

There are numerous and evidential findings that TCDD (2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, or dioxin) is a potential carcinogen and general toxin in rodents. However, human risk assessment for dioxin exposure has been a topic of debate, owing in part to the large animal interspecies differences in its toxicity. We review dioxin-related reports indicating its toxicity, toxic effects in animal, and human epidemiologic findings. The intent of this paper does not provide a causal inference about chronic human diseases related to dioxin exposure. This summary would give a valuable clue for a researcher to conduct or design a further dioxin-related study.

배 ‘신고’에 GA3, A3+4+7 및 GA4+7 처리가 과실 형태 및 품질에 미치는 영향

이욱용, 최진호, 천종필, 안영직 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2017 自然科學論文集 Vol.28 No.1

우리나라에서 많이 사용되고 있는 숙기촉진용 식물생장조절제의 성분 차이에 따른 과실의 형태적 기형 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 수확기에 과실 무게를 측정한 결과, GA3, GA3+GA4+7 및 GA4+7의 모든 제제에서 과실비대가 유의하게 나타났으며 GA4+7 단용 제제가 가장 높은 비대율을 보였다. 과실의 형태적 이상은 종자생장과 관련이 있는데 GA4+7 제제를 사용한 과실에서 비정상종자발생 비율이 가장 높았다. 저온저장 후 과실의 품질변화에서 GA4+7 제제의 감모율이 가장 높았으며 과육경도의 경우, GA4+7 제제가 GA3+GA4+7 사용 과실에 비해 낮게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 고려하면 GA4+7의 단용처리구의 경우 과실의 비대효과는 크지만 수확기 이상비대 과실의 출현, 저장 중 경도 감소 등 전반적인 과실품위 유지가 어려울 것으로 판단되므로 지베렐린 이용 시 보다 주의가 필요하다고 판단된다. In this study, we tested the effects of registered or unregistered plant growth regulator gibberellin pastes on fruit shape and internal in 'Niitaka' pears. The treatment of the GA4+7 produced the most enlarged fruit and the fruits treated with unregistered GA paste showed lowest flesh weights among the treatments. Fruit shape of 'Niitaka' pears was closely associated with the formation of normal seeds. And the fruits treated with unregistered GA had the highest proportion of abnormal seed with severe occurrence of abnormal-shaped fruit. We also compared the quality indices after cold storage. The highest fruit weight loss and the lowest flesh firmness values were found in the fruits treated with unregistered GA treatment. Futhermore, the use of unregistered GA products possibly smuggled from other country may occur irregular fruit development through the deficiency of seed development. Consequently, it is recommended that the use of registered GA products such as mixture of GA3 and GA4+7 intensely important to the conformation of high quality fruit production in 'Niitaka' pears.

Ethephon 및 Aminoethoxyvinylglycine 처리가 ‘원황’ 배 모의 수출 환경에서의 품질 및 생리장해 발생에 미치는 영향

최진호,이욱용,안영직,황용수,천종필 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2013 농업과학연구 Vol.40 No.2

We investigate the effect of preharvest spray of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an inhibitor of ACC synthase activity, on fruit quality of ‘Wonhwang’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai). And the effects were compared with ethephon which releasing ethylene to elucidate treatment efficacy of ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor on Asian pears. Chemicals were sprayed on 30 days before harvest with AVG (75 and 150 mg/L) and ethephon (100 mg/L), respectively. Highest flesh firmness during 21 days of shelf-life at 25℃ after 30 days of cold storage was attained in the fruit treated with 150 mg/L AVG (26.5N) when compared with untreated control (16.7N), while the fruits treated with 100 mg/L ethephon completely lost their marketability within 14 days of shelf-life by mass drop of firmness down to 11.6N. Low incidence of physiological disorders including pithiness and core browning were attained at the fruits treated with 150 mg/L AVG when we compared with untreated control. No occurrence of mealiness found in the fruits treated with AVG but ethephon treated fruits showed 36.4% during 14 days of shelf-life. Consequently, AVG spray at the concentration of 150mg/L on Asian pear ‘Wonhwang’ fruit regarded as useful preharvest management approach for keeping quality during marketing period after simulated exportation.

40세 이하 관상동맥 질환자에서 장기적 임상 관찰

이승욱,정명호,박종철,박형욱,조상희,김원,김계훈,이상현,강경태,조장현,김남호,김건형,안영근,조정관,박종춘,강정채 全南大醫大 2001 전남의대학술지 Vol.37 No.2

봉지종류 및 괘대시기가 ‘원황’ 및 ‘화산’ 배 과실의 수확기 품질에 미치는 영향

정억근,이욱용,안영직,이혁재,황용수,천종필 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2013 농업과학연구 Vol.40 No.2

We tested fruits quality and skin coloration of two pear cultivar ‘Wonhwang’ and ‘Whasan’ produced by bagging with different kinds of paper bags in the Cheonan area, Chungnam Province, Korea. The fruits were bagged at 35, 45, 55 or 65 days after full bloom (DAFB) with 3 kinds of double layer paper bag which consisted of grey color, yellow color and newspaper for outer layer. The great extent of light interruption was observed in grey colored outer paperbag among three kinds of paperbag which showed only 0.46% of lowest light transmittance when compared with 43.7% and 40.0% of yellow paper and newspaper, respectively. The development of skin redness (a*) increased with the delay of bagging time in two pear cultivars. But the fruits treated at 65 DAFB showed uneven coloration and excessive development of redness which represented low fruit external appearance value. Uniform flesh firmness was attained at the fruits bagged with grey outer color paperbag regardless of bagging time, although the fruit quality indices including soluble solids and titratable acidity did not change significantly by using different kind of fruit bags and bagging time in two pear cultivar. Based on our results, it was explained that the grey-colored fruit bag had positive effect on the development of skin coloration without any detrimental effect on fruit quality factors in ‘Wonhwang’ and ‘Whasan’ pears.

A comparative assessment of SWAT-model-based evapotranspiration against regional-scale estimates

Chun, Jong Ahn,Baik, Jongjin,Kim, Daeha,Choi, Minha Elsevier 2018 Ecological engineering Vol.122 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We attempted to assess the actual evapotranspiration (ET<SUB>a</SUB>) rates estimated by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in an arid region by comparing other regional-based ET<SUB>a</SUB> estimates: the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) products, the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Global Evapotranspiration product (MOD16), and the Generalized Complementary Relationship (GCR) model. The results by the SWAT model clearly showed that ET<SUB>a</SUB> rates in the SWAT model are limited by soil water availability. From the comparison of the annual ET<SUB>a</SUB> estimates, the GCR model among those ET<SUB>a</SUB> estimation methods simulated slightly higher values than the water-balance derived ET<SUB>a</SUB> rates (i.e., the difference between annual precipitation and annual stream flow rates). The annual ET<SUB>a</SUB> rates of the SSEBop products showed the closest slope of the regression line to 1.0, while the highest R<SUP>2</SUP> (coefficient of determination) value was found from the annual ET<SUB>a</SUB> estimates by the SWAT model. The monthly ET<SUB>a</SUB> by the GCR model had the highest linear relationship with those of the SSEBop products. However, the SWAT model did not have a strong linear relationship with the monthly ET<SUB>a</SUB> of the SSEBop products unlike the comparison against the MOD16 products. This study recommends a further study on more reliable ET<SUB>a</SUB> estimates in arid or semi-arid regions by the SWAT model.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Annual ET estimates of SWAT has a strong linear relationship with P-Q. </LI> <LI> The GCR model slightly overestimated the annual actual ET rates. </LI> <LI> A further study is recommended on the improvement of ET<SUB>a</SUB> estimates in the SWAT model. </LI> </UL> </P>

Improvement of a Land Surface Model through a better representation of hydrological states and fluxes on land surfaces

Jong Ahn Chun 한국기상학회 2022 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.10