FC 1-4 : A survey of attitudes, knowledge, and behavior regarding sun exposure and sunscreen use

( Sih Yeok Jang ),( Hyeong Ho Ryu ),( Eun Jung Hwang ),( Hyun Sun Park ),( So Yun Cho ),( Hyun Sun Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: Although sunscreen is used as a primary strategy to prevent sunburn, photoaging and skin cancer, only a few people regularly use sunscreen. Objectives: To investigate the awareness of effects of sunlight, the extent of sun exposure, and the behaviors about sunscreen uses in Korean. Methods: A questionnaire was administered 255 adult patients visited Dermatology Department at Seoul National University Boramae Hospital. It included questions about the awareness of benefit or harm of sunlight, perceived and actual extent of sun exposure, the use of sun-protective methods including sunscreen. Results: Sun exposure was chosen as the major cause of dyschromia (61.2%), skin cancer (62.8%) and wrinkle (28.6%). Respondents were likely to underestimate the extent of sun exposure. On average, quite a few respondents stated that they were exposed to sunlight more than one hour per day (23.1% on weekdays, 53.4% on weekends). But, only 8.7% thought that their sun exposures were problematic and 62.2% of respondents considered moderate sunlight exposure good for health. People`s sun protective behaviors were inadequate: only 30.8% used sunscreen regularly; 18.4% have never used sunscreen. SPF was the most important factor choosing sunscreen and 86.0% used sunscreen labeled SPF over 30. In contrast, only 40.3% used PA+++ sunscreen. Conclusion: Despite a fairly good knowledge about harmful effects of sunlight, people underestimated the risks of their sun exposure and behaviors were suboptimal.

한국인에서 일광노출과 자외선차단제에 대한 인식과 사용 행태 연구

장시혁 ( Si Hyeok Jang ),박현선 ( Hyun Sun Park ),조소연 ( So Yun Cho ),윤현선 ( Hyun Sun Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회지 Vol.53 No.1

Background: Although sunscreen is used as a primary strategy for the prevention of sunburn, photoaging, and skincancer, few people regularly use sunscreen. Objective: To investigate awareness regarding the effects of sunlight, the extent of sun exposure, and sunscreen usebehaviors in Korean subjects. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 467 adult patients who visited the Dermatology Department at SeoulNational University Boramae Hospital. The questionnaire covered demographic characteristics, causes of wrinkles,sunspots, and skin cancer, awareness of the harmful effects of sun exposure, perceived and actual extent of sunexposure, and the use of sun-protective methods including sunscreen. Results: Sun exposure was selected as the major cause of age spots (60.6%), skin cancer (60.9%), and wrinkles(25.9%). Respondents were likely to underestimate the extent of sun exposure. On average, quite a few respondentsstated that they were exposed to sunlight for more than one hour per day (22.7% on weekdays, 52.4% onweekends). However, only 9.4% of respondents thought that their sun exposure was problematic and 62.7% ofrespondents considered moderate sunlight exposure healthy. Respondents`` sun-protective behaviors were inadequate:only 29.8% used sunscreen regularly, and 16.5% have never used sunscreen. SPF was the most important factor inchoosing sunscreen, and 83.3% used a sunscreen with a labeled SPF over 30. By contrast, only 34.6% ofrespondents used PA+++ sunscreen. Conclusion: Despite fairly good knowledge regarding the harmful effects of sunlight, subjects underestimated therisks of their sun exposure and sun-protective behaviors were suboptimal. Education on the risk of UV exposure andeffects of sunscreen is still needed. (Korean J Dermatol 2015;53(1):16∼22)

Comparison of Melanoma Subtypes among Korean Patients by Morphologic Features and Ultraviolet Exposure

( Hong Sun Jang ),( Jee Hung Kim ),( Kyu Hyun Park ),( Jae Seok Lee ),( Jung Min Bae ),( Byung Ho Oh ),( Sun Young Rha ),( Mi Ryung Roh ),( Kee Yang Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.4

Background: Genetic alterations have been identified in melanomas according to different levels of sun exposure. Whereas the conventional morphology-based classification provides a clue for tumor growth and prognosis, the new classification by genetic alterations offers a basis for targeted therapy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the biological behavior of melanoma subtypes and compare the two classifications in the Korean population. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients found to have malignant melanoma in Severance Hospital from 2005 to 2012. Age, sex, location of the tumor, histologic subtype, tumor depth, ulceration, lymph node invasion, visceral organ metastasis, and overall survival were evaluated. Results: Of the 206 cases, the most common type was acral melanoma (n=94, 45.6%), followed by nonchronic sun damage-induced melanoma (n=43, 20.9%), and mucosal melanoma (n=40, 19.4%). Twenty-one patients (10.2%) had the chronic sun-damaged type, whereas eight patients (3.9%) had tumors of unknown primary origin. Lentigo maligna melanoma was newly classified as the chronic sun-damaged type, and acral lentiginous melanoma as the acral type. More than half of the superficial spreading melanomas were newly grouped as nonchronic sun-damaged melanomas, whereas nodular melanoma was rather evenly distributed. Conclusion: The distribution of melanomas was largely similar in both the morphology-based and sun exposure-based classifications, and in both classifications, mucosal melanoma had the worst 5-year survival owing to its tumor thickness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. (Ann Dermatol 26(4) 485~490, 2014)

Novel Trials to Control Harmful Algal Blooms in Seawater

Hyun?Jae Shin,Hoon Cho,Un?Sun Jin,Yun?Kyung Park,Si Wouk Kim 한국생물공학회 2010 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.10

Case Report : A Case of Epstein-Barr Virus-associated Hydroa Vacciniforme

Sun Young Huh,Mira Choi,Kwang Hyun Cho 대한피부과학회 2009 Annals of Dermatology Vol.21 No.2

Hydroa vacciniforme (HV) is a photosensitivity disorder characterized by recurrent necrotic vesiculopapules on sun-exposed areas, which heal spontaneously during adolescence. Recently, an association has been reported between latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and atypical HV-like eruption and malignant potential. However, latent EBV infection has also been reported in the setting of typical HV. An 11-year-old girl presented with recurrent, scattered, discrete vesicular eruptions with scarring on the face and the extensor surfaces of both forearms. In-situ hybridization was carried out to detect latent EBV infection. Based on the clinical and histopathological findings, typical EBV-associated HV was suspected. (Ann Dermatol 21(2) 209~212, 2009)

Long-term treatment of topical estrogen to the sun-exposed facial skin of postmenopausal women induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression, leading to facial wrinkles aggravation: 24-week results from a double-blind, vehicle-controlled, randomized study

( Hyun Sun Yoon ),( Se Rah Lee ),( Soyun Cho ),( Jin Ho Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2012 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.64 No.3

웹 카메라를 이용한 시설 내 국화생산 광 환경 원격 모니터링

정선옥(Sun-Ok Chung),김용주(Yong-Joo Kim),이규호(Kyu-Ho Lee),성남석(Nam-Seok Sung),이철휘(Cheol-Hwi Lee),노현권(Hyun-Kwon Noh) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2015 농업과학연구 Vol.42 No.4

Increase of national family income improved demand of high-quality and year-round horticultural products including chrysanthemum. To meet these demand, farmers have introduced protected facilities, such as greenhouses, of which environmental conditions could be monitored and controlled. Environment management up to three weeks after transplanting is critical for chrysanthemum quality. Artificial lighting and light-blocking screen are especially important for long-day (day period > 13 hours) and short-day (night period > 13 hours) treatments. In this study, a web-camera was installed, and the image was obtained and transmitted to mobile phones to monitor the status of 3-wavelength(RGB) lighting environments. RGB pixel values were used to determine malfunctioning of the lighting lamps, and leaking out and incoming illumination status during short-day and long-day treatment periods. Normal lighting lamps provided RGB pixel values of 240~255. During long-day treatment period, G pixel values were useful to detect abnormal lighting conditions (e.g., leaking). During short-day treatment period, R pixel values were useful to determine incoming light (e.g., sun-light). Results of this study would provide useful information for remote monitoring of light conditions for protected chrysanthemum production under artificial lights.

한국인의 아동학대에 대한 태도

박현선,이현정,안동현 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.4

목 적 : 아동학대에 관한 연구가 활발하게 진행되어 왔으나, 학대의 개념과 정의를 규정함에 있어서 혼란이 초래되고 있다. 이에 저자들은 일반 인구 집단과 전문가 집단을 광범위하게 표집하고, 학대 행위뿐 아니라 행위의 주체자, 피학자 특성, 동기, 결과, 행위의 정당성 등을 포함하는 사례를 개발하여 이들을 다차원적으로 고려한 구정을 마련하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 저자들이 고안한 사례를 제시하는 형태의 설문지를 405명의 일반 인구 집단, 125명의 전문가 집단을 대상으로 조사하였다. 사례는 6개의 신체학대, 3개의 방임, 5개의 정서 학대를 제시하였고, 각 사례에 대해 학대 여부, 허용 여부, 판단 근거의 세 차원을 측정하였다. 결 과 : 첫째, 대체적으로 학대로 규정하는 비율은 높았는데 전문가 집단이 좀 더 높은 비율을 나타내었다. 둘째, 혼육이 동기가 되었던 사례에서는 두 집단이 거의 동일하게 낮은 비율로 학대로 규정하였다. 세째, 허용도에 있어서는 덜 일관된 경향을 보이는데, 앞에서와 마찬가지로 훈육이 목적일 때는 비교적 허용적이었으며, 전문가 집단에서 일반 인구 집단보다 더 높게 허용되고 있다고 응답하였다. 네째, 방임과 정서적 학대가 비교적 높게 학대로 규정되고 있고, 또한 허용될 수 없다고 보는 견해가 매우 높았다. 토 의 : 기존의 연구들이 주로 신체 학대에 한정된 경향이 높았는데 앞으로는 적극적으로 방임과 정서 학대를 포함할 필요가 있다. 또한 신체 학대에서 훈육=체벌=학대의 관점에서 체벌 금지와 같은 주장은 더욱 설득력이 없을 것으로 여겨진다. 따라서 학대 행위를 규정함에 있어서 행위의 결과나 행위 자체뿐 아니라, 동기, 정당성 등이 매우 중요하게 고려되어야 할 것이다. 마지막으로 학대의 규정과 혀용적인 태도의 이중성인데, 이는 실제 학대의 예방과 대책에서 매우 중요한 문제가 되므로 이 같은 이중적인 태도에 대한 더 많은 연구와 이해가 필요하겠다. Objective : Child abuse is not an uncommon occurrence in Korea. Despite the significant progression the child abuse study suffers from methodological difficultes including that child abuse has never been adequately or reliably defined. Therefore, authors surveyed the attitudes toward child abuse and defined the concept of child abuse more reliably. Methods : We used the survey questionnaire with the vignette based on clinical cases. The survey included 405 persons in general population living in Seoul and 125 professional personnel engaged in child welfare business. The survey was done by trained university students of social welfare. Questionnaire composed of 14 vignettes(6 physical abuse cases ; 3 neglect cases ; five emotional abuse cases). Each vignette contained 3 items composed of decisiveness and permissiveness of child abuse and the rationale about the determination of the abuse. Results : First, the irrational rationale for parental behavior or very serious inflictions and injury on child were usually considered as abusive behavior. However, parents or teacher may be often allowed to inflict abuse upon the children for the correction or discipline. Second, neglect in considered as an unaccepatable serious child abuse at a high rate. Third, the most important factor determining the criteria of the abuse, was the motivation for discipline. At that times procedure or injury can be ignored. Fourth, some vignettes were considered as abusive but permissible. This discrepancy between concept and acceptance were not unpredictied but notable. Professional group had higher rates of abuse, but was permissive than general population group. Both of general population and professional groups showed similar patterns in other parts. Conclusion : We suggests that the definition of child abuse should include the neglect and emotional abuse as well as physical abuse or battering(or corporal punishment) despite of the methodological difficulties. Several factors including the motivation for discipline should be considered in the definition, and the discrepancy between concept and acceptance of child abuse also need to be considered.

진행성 비소세포폐암의 이차항암화학요법으로서 Docetaxel 단독요법의 성적

강현모,이정은,장필순,이연선,권선중,안진영,정성수,김주옥,김선영 충남대학교 암연구소 2006 암연구소 업적집 Vol.5 No.-

Background : The survival benefit associated with first-line chemotherapy in lung cancer has led to the need for second -line chemotherapy, for which Docetaxel (Taxotere^(?)) has proven efficacy in both settings. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of docetaxel in patients with non-small cell lung cancer who had failed first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods : Thirty one patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, who had failed first line platinum-based chemotherapy, between March 1999 and August 2003, were enrolled in this study. Patients received intravenous docetaxel, either 75 mg/㎡ or 100 mg/㎡, with routine premedication every three weeks. Results : Fourteen patients (45.2%) had a partial response. The median survival and progression- free survival times were 12.5 months (95% CI 7.3-17.6) and 3.0 months (95% CI 1.6-4.5), respectively. This study showed 2 factors gave different survival benefits; the age (< 60 years: 20.1 months vs. > 60 years: 6.6 months, p=0.0105) and the histological type (adenocarcinoma: 25.6 months vs. others: 7.9 months, p=0.0055). The predominant toxicity was neutropenia, which occurred as WHO grade 3 or 4 in 38.7 % of patients. One treatment related death was also reported. Non-hematological toxicity was minor and easily controlled. There were no significant statistical differences in the survival benefit and toxicity between the two doses. Conclusion : Docetaxel, as second-line monotherapy, was well tolerated and effective in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who failed first line platinum -based chemotherapy. (Tuberc Respir DiS 2005: 58: 465-472)

Flurprimidol, Paclobutrazol, and Trinexapac-ethyl Increased Lateral Development of ‘Zenith’ Zoysiagrass in a Shade Environment

Ju Hyun Ryu(류주현),Ki Sun Kim(김기선) 한국잡초학회·한국잔디학회 2010 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.24 No.2

이번 실험은 차광조건하에서 생장조절제들이 한국잔디 ‘제니스’의 수평생장에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 실험포지 잔디를 무차광, 47%와 77%의 차광조건 하에 flurprimidol(FP), paclobutrazol(PB), trinexapac-ethyl(TE) 세가지의 생장조절제를 각각 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ FP, 0.16, 0.32, and 0.64 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ PB, 그리고 0.04, 0.08, and 0.16 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ (TE)씩 처리하였다. 한국잔디 ‘제니스’의 수평생장은 차광정도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 무차광조건에서 0.2, 0.4 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ FP, and 0.16 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ PB를 처리한 결과 포복경의 전체 길이와 수가 대조구에 비하여 2배 정도 증가하였다. 77% 차광조건에서는 0.8 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ FP를 처리하였을 경우 포복경의 수는 170%, 전체 포복경의 길이는 140%증가하였다. 분얼경수는 무차광조건에서는 0.08 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ TE를, 77% 차광조건에서는 0.16 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ TE를 처리하였을 경우 각각 40%, 72%의 증가를 보였다. 전체 당함량은 0.8 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ FP와 0.16 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ TE 처리구에서 대조구 대비 약 50%의 증가를 보였으며, 특이한 것은 비구조성 탄수화물이 잔디의 잎에서 기는 줄기로 이동하는 것으로 나타나, 이는 한국잔디의 수평생장을 증가시켜 회복속도를 높이는데 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 그늘상태에서의 한국잔디의 도장과 줄기밀도의 감소를 방지시키고, 또한 포복경의 발달을 촉진시켜 회복력을 높이기 위하여 생장조절제의 처리가 매우 효과적인 것인 것으로 판단되었다. This study was conducted to examine the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on the lateral stem growth, and the change of total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) status of ‘Zenith’ zoysiagrass under shaded conditions. Well-established turf was subjected to a full sun, 47%, and 77% shade in a field study. Three different rates of flurprimidol (FP: 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹), paclobutrazol (PB: 0.16, 0.32, and 0.64 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹), and trinexapac-ethyl (TE: 0.04, 0.08, and 0.16 ㎏ㆍ㏊-1) were applied. Lateral development of ‘Zenith’ zoysiagrass decreased with increasing shade levels. However, compared with control plots, total stolon length and stolon number increased two fold at 0.2, 0.4 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ FP, and 0.16 ㎏ㆍ㏊-1 PB under full sun. Under 77% shading, stolon number increased by 170% and total stolon length increased by 140% at 0.8 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ FP. Tiller number increased by 40% at 0.08 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ TE under full sun, and by 72% at 0.16 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ TE under 77% shading. The TNC contents of turfgrass treated with 0.8 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ FP and 0.16 ㎏ㆍ㏊?¹ TE increased by 50% as compared with control. Remarkably, nonstructural carbohydrates (NC) partitioning was enhanced by PGRs from leaf tissue to lateral stem tissue, which increased lateral development and may have contributed to recuperative rate. These results suggested that treatments of proper rate of PGRs could enhance the recuperative rate of ‘Zenith’ zoysiagrass by increasing lateral stem growth especially in shaded conditions.