Inhibition of oxidative stress induced‑cytotoxicity by coptisine in V79‑4 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts through the induction of Nrf‑2 mediated HO‑1 expression

Hyeon‑Gyun Jo,Cheol Park,이혜숙,Gi‑Young Kim,Young‑Sam Keum,Jin Won Hyun,Taeg Kyu Kwon,Yung Hyun Choi,Su Hyun Hong 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.1

Background Coptisine is a natural alkaloid compound and is known to have multiple benefcial efects including antioxidant activity. However, whether it can protect lung fbroblasts from oxidative damage has not been studied yet. Objectives To investigate the potential inhibitory efect of coptisine against oxidative stress in V79-4 lung fbroblast cells. Methods V79-4 cells were treated with H2O2 (1 mM) in the presence or absence of coptisine (50 µg/ml), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, 10 mM) or zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP, 10 µM) for the indicated times. The alleviating efects of coptisine on cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage, mitochondrial dynamics, and inhibition of ATP production against H2O2 were investigated. Western blot analysis was used to analyze the expression levels of specifc proteins. Results Coptisine inhibited H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage by blocking abnormal ROS generation. H2O2 treatment caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase accompanied by increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 and decreased expression of cyclin B1 and cyclin A. However, these efects were attenuated in the presence of coptisine or NAC. Coptisine also prevented apoptosis by decreasing the rate of Bax/Bcl-2 expression in H2O2-stimulated cells and suppressing the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the cytosolic release of cytochrome c. In addition, the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was markedly promoted by coptisine in the presence of H2O2. However, zinc protoporphyrin IX, a potent inhibitor of HO-1, attenuated the ROS scavenging and anti-apoptotic efects of coptisine. Conclusions Based on current data, we suggest that coptisine can be used as a potential treatment for oxidative stress-related lung disease.

Strain Distributions of Plane-Strained and Simple-Sheared Al–Mg Alloy

Hyeon‑Woo Son,Jae‑Cheol Lee,Hyun Soon Park,Soong‑Keun Hyun 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.11

Strain distribution in plane-strained (rolling) and simple-sheared (torsion) Al–Mg alloy has been estimated using both X-rayline profile analysis and electron backscatter technique. The strain analyses under unified texture distribution by orientationrotation showed that torsion has relatively homogeneous strain distribution regardless of texture component in contrast toinhomogeneous strain in rolling. In addition, annealing texture of torsion has more random texture than inhomogeneousrolling texture. Lower texture difference index in annealed torsion specimens suggest homogeneous strain distribution insimple shear has a higher resistance to strain-induced boundary migration, which has been known to be main reason forstrong development of ND||⟨100⟩ component during annealing of rolled Al sheet.

行政改革을 中心으로 한 美國의 公務員制度

權哲賢 東亞大學校 1981 東亞論叢 Vol.18 No.1

The United States Civil Service System was overall reformed by the President Carter in 1978 after the Civil Service Law of 1883. Throughout the American Civil Service Reform history-and especially since 1883-there has been a tension between protections established to insure that employees are hired and fired solely on the basis of their ability, and the need of managers and policy makers to have flexibility to perform their jobs. Frequently, this tension is expressed as the "Rights of Employees" versus the "Need for Management Flexibility." Carter Reform is a result of the Civil Service Reform Movement which was continued after the Pendleton Act. This study serves two purposes. The first purpose is to describe the process of U.S.Civil Service Reform in terms of the age classification as follows. The second is to analyze especially the contents and the characteristic of the Cater Reform. <Age Classification> The firstperiod (1789-1829); The first six presidents all tended to stress individual fitness for office as a very important concern in making appointments. The second period(1829-1865)are the maturation of the spoils system. Increasingly during this period, partisan activities became major qualification for public office. The period of 1865 to 1883 witnessed the beginning of a reform movement, culminating in the passage of the Pendleton Act which provided the framework for a merit system in federal public employment. In the period, from 1883 to 1932 considerable expansion occured until around 80 percent of federal employees were under the merit system. The period of 1933 to 1978 traced the emergence and development of modern public personnel administration, culminating in the passage of the Civil Service Reform Act. The years from 1978 to the present; The Civil Service Reform Act established the Office of Personnel Management instead of U.S. Civil Service Commission which was created in 1883 to deal with the Federal Personnel Administration and The Senior Executive Service, which embodies a new structure for selecting, doveloping, and managing top level Federal Executives. The Bill provides for an independent Merit System Protection Board and Special Counsel to adjudicate employee appeals and protect the merit system and creates a statutory base for the improvement of labor-management relations, including the establishment in law of the Federal Labor Relations Authority.

SD Rats를 이용 1-hexene의 흡입독성 연구

김현영,임철홍,정용현,이권섭,이성배,이준연,한정희,전윤석,이용묵 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute (4 hours) and repeated-dose (6 hours a day, 5 days a week, 4 weeks) toxic effects of I -hexene on Sprague- Dawley (SD) rats which were treated by inhalation. The results were as follows; I. The median lethal concentration (LC_(50)) was estimated 52,694 ppm (confidence limit 95%; 49,494~55,447 ppm) in acute inhalation. Abnormal clinical signs related to the l-Hexene were not observed with the acute inhalation dose. Gross findings of necropsy revealed on evidence of specific toxicity related to the 1-hexene, II. By repeated inhalation exposure the body weight of male were more or less reduced by the dose of 2,500 ppm and 5,000 ppm compared with control group. However there were no significant variation hematology and blood biochemistry for the exposed rats compared with the control rats. Abnormal clinical signs and gross findings of necropsy related to the 1-hexene were not shown. In conclusion when we exposed I-hexene to SD rats for 4 weeks, 5 days per week, 6 hours per day, the Lowest observed effect level (LOEL) was over 2,500 ppm and Non observed effect level (NOEL) was below 500 ppm.

크롬(Ⅵ)의 체내 흡수와 소실속도에 관한 연구

김현영,이성배,임철홍,이권섭,정용현,이종성,한정희,전윤석,황호순,이용묵 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The CrO3 mostly used in plating. metal surface disposal, leather, cosmetic manufacturing, as an experiment material by repeatedly inhaling and exposure the male S.D. rats at a 0.00, 0.2., 0.50, 1.25 mg/㎡ concentration(particle size: 0.5-0.5 aerosol)6hours a day, 5day a week in 13weeks comparing with 2weeks, 8weeks of recovery group about the noxiousness of the experiment animal and the reduce scale of the CrO3 in the internal organ especially in blook and respiratory organ with the period of convalescent and clearance. The experiment results which we received are as follows. 1. In blood the RBC, HGB and HCT experiment, rats with 0.20, 0.50 mg/㎡ concentration showed that there were some decreases but not dependent. The kidneys absolute weight compared with control group was reduced intentionally(p〈0.05) and the lungs absolute weight compared with control group showed intentional increase(p〉0.05). 2. After the exposure of the experiment material, the whole blook, l\blood plasma and red blood cell in blood by (x): the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr concentration, was y=66.51 e -0.057x, y=67.2 e-0.101x, y=70.01 e-0.030 in 0.50 mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life (day)was estimated 12.0, 6086, 23.0 each. 3, After the exposure of the experiment material, the experiment animals lung, liver and kidneys by(x); the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr conentration, was y=1808 e-0.00493x, y=12.02e-0.0297x, y=67.61 e-0.0292x in 0.50mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life(day)was estimated 140.6, 23.3, 23.7, each, and including lung, liver with all of the experiment internal organs, the Cr clearance decreased as the exposure concentration increased.

사회정의의 개념과 의의

김현철 이화여자대학교 2004 法學論集 Vol.9 No.1

The reason why the concept of social justice is ambiguous that Because the concept of 'social' is ambiguous. Moreover the concept of 'justice' is ambiguous, too. The concept of 'social' is relevant to 'social problems'. Social problems such as unemployment, aging, disease, hunger, poverty and so forth were occurred since 19th century, because of classical capitalism. The concept of 'justic' is developed in historical context. Through ancient greece, roman empire, medieval period and modern period, the concept of justice entails the property of supremacy over the other values. This supremacy of justice is the strong reason that the give-up of the concept of justice is unpermissible. Thus social justice has the property of supremacy. And contemporary social justice is relevant to contemporary social problems. Furthermore, social justice considers particular issues in Korea, such as discrimination, gap of economic position, human rights, poverty and so forth. In this meaning, equality in law and human rights are the important elements to understand social justice.

안전한 네크워크 환경을 위한 IP 역추적 시스템에 관한 연구

채철주,김재동,최병선,김지현,이재광 韓南大學校 2007 論文集 (인문·사회·자연과학·공학) Vol.37 No.-

컴퓨터 통신 네트워크의 급속한 발전은 사회 전반적인 부분에 많은 발전을 가지고 왔으나 이러한 통신 기술의 발전은 악의적인 목적을 가진 사용자들의 침입 증가라는 부작용을 초래하였다. 이로 인하여 좀 더 안전한 사이버 세상을 요구하는 많은 요구 사항들이 나타나고 있다. 이처럼 인터넷이 우리사회 전반의 지식 정보화 사회의 기반으로 발전하고 있는 반면, 정보통신망 역기능인 정보변조,해킹 등과 같은 불법적인 요소가 난무하는 장소로 변질되고 있는 것 또한 현실이다. 정보의 개방으로 인해 해킹 기술의 접근이 손쉬워진 현 상황에서 네트워크상에서 서비스를 제공하는 호스트들에 대한 보안 강화는 필수적인 요소로 대두되고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 본 논문에서는 능동적인 보안 시스템으로 IP 역추적 시스템을 제안하여 위와 같은 문제점들을 해결하고자 한다. There is a tremendous increase in the growth of Internet making people's life easy. The rapid growth in technology has caused misuse of the Internet such as cyber Crime. There are several vulnerabilities in current firewall and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) of the network computing resources. Automatic real time station chase techniques can track the Internet invader and reduce the probability of hacking. Due to the recent trends the station chase technique has become inevitable. In this paper, we design and implement lP traceback system using ICMP Traceback message. In this design there is no need to modify the router structure and we can deploy this technique in larger network. Our Implementation shows that ICMP Traceback system is safe to deploy and protect data in Internet from hackers and others.

Anodic Bonding할 때 생기는 소자 열화에 관한 연구

김현철,전국진 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1992 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.3 No.1

S.D. Rats를 이용 1, 1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane의 아민성 흡입독성 연구

김현영,이성배,임철홍,김철우,점용현,한정희,전윤석,최수영,강대봉,이용묵 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.1

There were no specific effects for test materials on Sprague-Dawley (S.D.) rats in clinical symptoms, amounts of food intakes, weight changes, laboratory findings, and pathology after whole body l, l-Dichloro-1 -fluoroethane (used as coolant, metal cleaner and solvents) exposure(0, 1,500, 3,000, and 6,000 ppm) for 13 weeks (6 hour/day, 5 days/week). However, the loss of capillary vessels in eyeball (pupil) was observed in a female rat among 6,000 ppm group. Though there was a tendency for MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) in rat to be decreased (p<0.05), it was not regarded as abnormal because the values were within normal limits. In asthma-stimulation related evaluations, there was also a tendency for inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavages to be increased. But it had no statistical significance, and also no dependency on sex and the exposed concentration. Based on this result, the non observed effect level (NOEL) induced by 1, 1-Dichloro-l -fluoroethene inhalation was evaluated in groups with 3,000 ppm below (S .D. Rats, 13 weeks). Finally, it was concluded that the short term exposal of 1, 1-Dichloro-l-fluoroethane is not considered as a asthma stimulant by inhalation despite of some study limitations such as test animals use and short-term exposure .

폴라로그래피법에 따른 各種 金屬의 電解還元 反應機構의 解析

張哲鉉,朴勝祚 大田工業大學 1992 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.9 No.1

Using the current-potential equation of the following two cases of E-E mechanism based on an expanding electrode model, were studied the reduction mechanisms of various metals. ◁그림 삽입▷ (원문을 참조하세요) And the logarithmic analysis of the average current-potential curves are carried out in the case of single wave being obtained. The results of this study showed that Lead(Ⅱ) is the case of both charge transfer steps being reversible(R-R CASE), Cadmium(Ⅱ) and Manganese(Ⅱ) are the case of first charge charge trasfer step being reversible while the second step being irrevers- ible(R-I CASE) and Hickel(Ⅱ) rlnd Cobalt(Ⅱ) are case of the first charge transfer step being irreversible and the second charge transfer step being reversible(I-R CASE ).