한국인 알코올의존환자에서의 제1형 부신피질자극 호르몬 분비 촉진 호르몬수용체의 유전자 다형성에 관한 연구

김철민,김성곤,김지훈,김현경,김미경,유정현,민은정 대한생물치료정신의학회 2011 생물치료정신의학 Vol.17 No.2

스트레스 반응에 중요한 역할을 하고 있는 CRHR1 유전자 SNP와 알코올 의존과의 연관성에 관한 선행 연구들이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 백인을 대상으로 조사했던 기존연구와는 달리 한국인 남녀를 대상으로 하여 알코올 의존군과 정상 대조군의 CRHR1 유전자형 빈도 및 대립유전자형 빈도를 비교하였다. 본 연구의 연구대상자들은 알코올 의존군 268명(남자 218명, 여자 50명)과 정상 대조군 137명(남자 78명, 여자 59명)이었다. CRHR1 유전자 SNP를 SNP database와 선행연구를 근거로 선정한 후, 연구 대상자들의 이러한 SNP 유전자형을 PCRRFLP방법으로 조사하였다. 그 결과, 한국인의 CRHR1 유전자 SNPs로 7개(rs242938, rs404623, rs28364027, rs16940686, rs937, rs878886, rs878887)가 분석되었다. 이중 rs28364027의 A 대립 유전자의 빈도는 남녀 각각에서 알코올 의존군이 대조군보다 유의하게 높았다. 그리고 rs28364027의 AA 유전자형 및 A 대립 유전자와 rs878886의 CC유전자형 및 C 대립유전자의 빈도는 알코올 의존군내에서 여성이 남성보다 유의하게 높았다. 이러한 결과를 종합해 보면 CRHR1 유전자 SNP가 알코올 의존의 유전적 원인의 중요한 요인일 가능성을 제시하고 있다. 또 이러한 CRHR1 유전자 SNP가 알코올 의존의 유전적 원인에서 남녀간 차이를 설명할 수 있을 가능성도 시사하고 있다. Objectives:There were several preceding studies investigating the association between alcohol dependence and corticotropine releasing hormone receptor1(CRHR1) gene SNPs that play an important role in response to stress. The frequencies of CRHR1 genotypes and alleles were compared between alcohol-dependent patients and normal control subjects. Methods:The subjects were 268 alcohol-dependent patients(218 males, 50 females) and 137 normal controls(78 male, 59 female). CRHR1 gene SNPs were investigated according to the SNP database and the results from previous studies, and their genotypes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP). Results:Seven CRHR1 gene SNPs(rs242938, rs404623, rs28364027, rs16940686, rs937, rs878886, rs878887) were found in Korean subjects. The frequency of rs28364027 A allele was significantly higher in alcohol-dependent patients than normal controls in both genders. In alcohol-dependent patients, the frequencies of AA genotype and A allele of rs28364027, and of CC genotype and C allele of rs878886 were higher in female than male. Conclusion:These results suggest that CRHR1 gene SNP is one of the important genetic factors in the etiology of alcohol dependence. And also it is supposed that the different frequency of SNP genotype could explain stress-related gender difference in the genetic etiology of alcohol dependence.

High-performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis for Quantitation of Marker Compounds of Artemisia capillaris Thunb

( Kyung Min Park ),( Ying Li ),( Bora Kim ),( Haiyan Zhang ),( Kyong Hwangbo ),( Dong Gen Piao ),( Mei Juan Chi ),( Mi Hee Woo ),( Jae Sue Choi ),( Je Hyun Lee ),( Dong Cheul Moon ),( Hyeun Wook Chang 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2013 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.23 No.0

Two stable high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods were developed that could quantitatively analyze 10 major marker compounds of Artemisia capillaris Thunb and could also distinguish among `Injinho` and `Myeon-injin` and `Haninjin`--A. capillaris collected in autumn, A. capillaris collected in spring and A. iwayomogi, which can be misused as `Injinho` in Korean herbal drug markets. The first HPLC method was a reversed-phase chromatography using a C18 column with an isocratic solvent system of phosphoric acid (0.05%) and acetonitrile at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, ultraviolet (UV) detection wavelength at 254 nm and column temperature at 40°C. Calibration andquantitation were made by using acetaminophen as an internal standard (I.S-A) and chlorogenic acid (1) was determined within 20 min. The second HPLC method was a reversed-phase chromatography using a C18 column with a gradient solvent system of phosphate buffer (0.015 M, pH 6) and acetonitrile at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, UV detection wavelength at 254 nm and column temperature at 40°C. Calibration and quantitation were made by using ethylparaben as an internal standard (I.S-B) and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3), 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), hyperoside (5), isoquercitrin (6), isorhamnetin 3-O-robinobioside (7), isorhamnetin-3-O-galactoside (8), isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside (9) and scoparone (10) were determined within 60 min. Pattern recognitionanalysis of data from the 60 samples classified them clearly into three groups. These assay methods could be applied for QA/QC of A. capillaris and Artemisia iwayomogi.

학교구강보건실 운영 평가에 관한 연구

민희홍,신승철,서현석,김은주,김호선 대한구강보건학회 2003 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

School dental clinic programs is the most active and effective programs to prevent the oral disease for school-children and it is one of the recommended programs by the advanced and welfare countries. In Korea, 15 primary schools have been established the school dental clinics in 1999 as one of the public oral health programs supported by the Ministry of Health and Welfares, and expanded more every year. 11 school dental clinics among 15 were participated for 2-years evaluation project. Such items as the structure, the process, the supply of dental services, the promotion of the health level and the community supports were evaluated through the standardization by governmental suggestions. Average score for 2-years evaluation was estimated as 81.35% as considerably good remark. In detail, score 4.74 for the structure, 22.10 for the process, 19.77 for supply of dental services, 26.22 for promotion of the oral health level and 8.53 for the community supports were calculated. In conclusion, school dental clinic programs in Korea were evaluated considerably good and they should be extended to all primary schools as possible.

석이로부터 분리한 페놀성 화합물의 phospholipase A_2 저해활성

김진우,송경식,유익동,장현욱,유승현,배강규,민태진 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1997 생물공학연구지 Vol.5 No.-

호알카리성 진균 Cephalosporium sp. RYM-202가 생산하는 alkaline xylanase (CX-III)의 작용에 의해 xylan 기질로부터 생성되는 주요 가수분해 산물은 xylobiose와 중합도가 4 이상인 xylooligosaccharides이었다. 이 효소는 xylobiose에 대한 분해능을 가지고 있지 않지만 xylotriose로부터는 xylobiose를, xylotetraose로부터는 xylobiose와 xylotriose를 주산물로 형성하였다. 이러한 결과들은 CX-III가 transglycosidase 활성을 소유하는 전형적인 endo-type xylanase임을 보여준다. N-bromosuccinimide에 의한 CX-III의 화학적 변화 실험 결과 효소 1분자 당 2개의 tryptophan 잔기가 활성에 관여하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 iodoacetamide 및 diethylpyrocarbonate에 의한 효소활성의 저해효과는 나타나지 않음으로써 이 효소의 활성부위에 cysteine과 histidine 잔기가 필수적이지 않음이 확인되었다. The hydrolysis products formed from birchwood xylan by the action of an alkaline xylanase (CX-III) from alkalophilic Cephalosporium sp. RYM-202 were xylobiose and xylooligosaccharides polymerized with more than 4 sugar molecules. This enzyme was not active on xylobiose but readily attacked xylotriose accumulating xylobiose as a major product. The predominant end-products from xylotetraose by CX-III were xylobiose and xylotriose. These results indicate that the enzyme is typically endo-type xylanase possessing transglycosidase activity. Chemaical modification of CX-III with N-bromosuccinimide revealed that two tryptophan residues per molecule of CX-III were essential for its catalytic activity on xylan. On the other hand, iodoacetamide and diethylpyrocarbonate did not influence the activity of the enzyme, suggesting that cysteine and histidine residues are not involved in the active site of this alkaline xylanase.

신발산업용 모바일 포탈 서비스 구현

이양민,이병문,임장수,김창민,강동우,심현숙,이재기 동아대학교 정보기술연구소 2003 情報技術硏究所論文誌 Vol.11 No.1

Cases that apply mobile technology in own company's business processing in various industry area are increasing. In this paper, we propose a Mobile Portal constructin method accepting that flowing these age. Analyze instance that is applying mobile service in another industry to achieve Mobile Portal service and we chose core technology with this result. As focus of research, we implemented interaction interface between web page and database, conversion skill between wire and wireless contents, communicatin method between web page and contents conversion server, and application technology on Mobile service target Business and implemented Mobile service that applicable.

경구면역을 통한 항원 특이적 IgA 항체 합성에 있어 Cholera Toxin과 Alginate-Microsphere의 효과

송민형,유진수,권명상,성승룡,김용희,권익찬,정서영,양재명,김평현 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.3

Secretory (S-IgA) isotype antibody (Ab) is known to play an essential role in the primary defense against various infectious agents in mucosal tissue. However, it has been mostly unsuccessful in the induction of antigen (Ag)-specific IgA Ab response in this site by peroral vaccination. In the present study, we investigated the effect of cholera toxin (CI) as a mucosal adjuvant and alginates-microspheres as a carrier on BSA-specific IgA Ab response in gut-associated lymphoid tissue`(GALT). Peroral immunization of BSA plus CT conferred a great BSA-specific IgA response but IgG response on intestinal fluid (IF). In contrast, intraperitoneal immunization of BSA with Freund's adjuvant readily induced BSA-specific IgG response but IgA response in IF. Further, number of CT specific IgA-secreting cells was substantially increased in mesenteric lymph node when CT-encapsulated-VI alginates-microspheres was administered perorally. Taken together, these results indicate that peroral immunization of soluble antigen in combination of CT or microspheres significantly enhances antigen-specific IgA response in GALT.

두개골 및 두개봉합부 초기발육과정에서의 전사조절인자인 Msx2와 DIx5의 역할

송민호,박미현,남순현,김영진,류현모,김현정 大韓小兒齒科學會 2003 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.30 No.3

두개봉합부의 조기융합으로 일컬어지는 craniosynostosis는 두개봉합부에서의 골아세포의 조기분화 및 석회화의 결과로 나타나는 선천성 발육이상이다. 최근 유전학적 연구에 의하면 homeobox gene인 Msx2의 변이에 의해 Boston-type craniosynostosis가 야기되며, 또한 Dlx5 homozygote mutant mouse의 표현형에서 두개골의 골화지연을 포함한 다양한 두개안면부위의 이상을 발견하였다는 보고가 있었다. 게다가 Msx2와 Dlx5 homeodomain protein의 상호작용에 의해 성숙골아세포의 표지자인 osteocalcin의 전사를 조절할 수 있다는 사실이 알려져 있다. 이러한 일련의 결과들은 Msx2, Dlx5 및 osteocalcin 유전자들이 두개골의 골화과정과 두개봉합부의 형태발생에 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있음을 제시해주고 있다. 두개골의 성장과 두개봉합부의 형태발생시 이러한 유전자들의 기능을 알아보기위해 mouse의 태생기 (E15-E18) 동안 osteocalcin, Msx2, 및 Dlx5 유전자들의 발현양상을 조사하였다. Osteocalcin은 E15부터 두정골의 골막에서 관찰되었으며, 발생시기가 후기일수록 강한 발현양상을 나타내었다. Msx2는 시상봉합부의 미분화간엽조직과 osteogenic front에서 강하게 발현되었으며 경막과 hair follicle에서도 관찰되었다. Dlx5는 osteogenic front를 포함한 두정골의 골막에서 강하게 발현되었으나 시상봉합부의 미분화간엽조직에서는 발현되지않아, Msx2와는 발현양상의 차이를 나타내었다. 이 결과들을 종합해볼 때, Msx2와 Dlx5 유전자는 두개골과 두개봉합부의 성장발육과정에 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있으며, BMP signaling은 두 전사조절인자들을 조절하므로써 두개골의 골화과정과 두개봉합부의 형태발생 및 유지에 관여하고 있음을 제시해주고 있다. 특히 BMP signaling에 specific downstream gene인 Msx2 및 Dlx5의 발현양상의 차이는 골아세포의 분화시 이들 유전자가 각각의 독특한 기능을 가지고 있음을 시사해주고 있다. Craniosynostosis, known as a premature fusion of cranial sutures, is a developmental disorder characterized by precocious differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts in the calvarial sutures. Recent genetic studies have demonstrated that mutation in the homeobox gene Msx2 causes Boston-type human craniosynostosis. Additionally, the phenotype of Dlx5 homozygote mutant mouse presents craniofacial abnormalities including a delayed ossification of calvarial bone. Furthemore transcription of osteocalcin, a mature osteoblast marker, is reciprocally regulated by the nomeodomain proteins Msx2 and Dlx5. These facts suggest important roles of osteocalcin, Msx2 and Dlx5 genes in the calvarial bone growth and suture morphogenesis. To elucidate the function of these molecules in the early morphogenesis of mouse cranial sutures, wer have first analyzed by in situ hybridization the expression of osteocalcin, Msx2 and Dlx5 genes in the developing parietal bone and sagittal suture of mouse calvaria during the embryonic (E15-E18) stage. Osteocalcin mRNA was found in the periosteum of parietal bones from E15, and gradually more highly expressed with aging. Msx2 mRNA was intensely expressed in the sutural mesenchyme, osteogenic fronts and midly expressed in the dura mater during the embryonic stage. Dlx5 mRNA was intensely expressed osteogenic fronts and the periostem of parietal bones. To further examine the upstream signaling molecules of transcription factor Msx2 and Dlx5, we have done in vitro experiments in E15.5 mouse calvarial explants. Interestingly, implantation of BMP2-, BMP4-soaked beads onto the osteogenic fronts after 48 hours organ culture induced etopic expressions of Msx2 and Dlx5 genes. On the other hand, overexpression of TGFβ1, GDF-6, -7, FGF-2, -4 and Shh did not induce the expression of Msx2 and Dlx5. Taken together, these data indicate that transcription factor Msx2 and Dlx5 play critical roles in the calvarial bone and suture development, and that BMP siganling is involved in the osteogenesis of calvarial bones and the maintenance of cranial sutures through these two transcriotpn factors. Furthermore, different expression patterns between Msx2 and Dlx5 suggest their specific functions in the osteoblast differentiation.

韓國産 十字花科 植物에 關한 本草學的 硏究

趙南俊,金台睍,宋昊埈,辛民敎 한국전통의학연구소 1999 한국전통의학지 Vol.9 No.1

For the purpose of developing Korean Herbalogy with the plants of Cruciferae which grow wild and is planted in Korea, the these and writings on herbalogy, from literature of successive generations, have been thoroughly investigative and the results obtained were as follows: 1. There were totaled to 23 genera and 74 species in Korea and among them medicinal plants are 13 genera, 29 species, some 39% in total but, the number of species may be added because of the similiar plants. 2. According to the oriental names which can be used for medical purpose, the medicinal plants belonging, to the Cruciferae family were classified as Herba 8,Semen 7,Radix 4,Foilum,Flos 3,Rhizoma 3,Fructus 1. Thus it was noticed that Herba was the main kind. 3. According to sum of 74 species in Cruciferae family, they were classified into Arabis genera 16, Brassica, Lepidium genera 5 each. Thus it was noticed that Arabis genera was the main kind, some 23% in total. 4. According to the number of species of the origin plants about each chinese materia medicals, they were classified into SEMEN LEPIDII 10,SEMEN SINAPIS 2. Thus the origin plants was not complexed reletively. 5. According to nature and flavour of medicinal plants, they were classified into warmth, heat; 4 each, cold, cool; 7 each, balance 14. Thus it was noticed that balance is the main in nature and flavour of medicinal plants. 6. According to the Properties and Principal curative action, they were classified into Drugs for remove toxic heat with febrifugal and detoxicant drugs, to removing evil heat and resolve dampness ,Drugs for reducing intense internal Heat Digestives and Evacuants 6 each, with promote or activate blood circulation by removing blood stasis ,to clear up heat and resolve phlegm, to remove toxic heat with febrifugal and detoxicant drugs such as 6 each, to regulate the flow of vital energy, to replenish vital essence with drugs 5 each, to dispel pathogenic factors from the exterior of the body with sudorifics pungent in flavor and warming in property, to stop diseases with drugs 3 each. Thus it wasnoticed that to promote or activite blood circuration by removing blood stasis drugs was the main kind. 7. Comparing to whole medicinal plants 89 kinds, toxic durgs include minor toxin were 8 kinds, 9% of the whole.Thus toxic durgs were rare. From this result, it was revealed that the plants for medical purpose in Liliaceae was 76% of the whole, in which Bulbus was mostly abundunt and toxic plants was so rare that it will be used for clinical treatments more easily. It is considered that many experiements and clinical approaches must be continued to use Liliaceae plants widely.

韓國産 脣形(꿀풀)科 植物에 關한 本草學的 硏究

盧炳圭,金裕鎭,金台睍,宋昊埈,辛民敎 한국전통의학연구소 1999 한국전통의학지 Vol.9 No.1

A Herbalogical Study in the Plants of Labiatae in Korea. For the purpose of developing Korean Herbgalogy with the plants of Labiatae which grow wild and is planted in korea, the these and writings on herbalogy, from literature of successive generations, have been throughly investigative and the results obtained were as follows: 1. There were totaled to 27 genera and 86 species in Korea and among them medical plants are 24 genera, 59 species, some 68% in total but, the number of species may be added because of the similar plants. 2. According to the oriental names which can be used for medical purpose, the medical plants belonging to the Labiatae family were classified as Herba 29, Radix 4, Fructus 3, Folium 2, Lignum 2, Semen 1 and Flos 1. 3. According to sum of 86 species in Labiatae family, they were classified into Scutellaria genera 10, Salvia genera 6, Ajuga genera 5, Clinopodium genera 5, Elsholtzia genera 5 and Mosla 5. Thus it was noticed that Scutellaria genera was the main kind, some 12% in total. 4. According to the number of species of the original plants about each chinese materia medicals, they were classified into HERBA AGASTACHIS 5 and HERBA AJUGAE, HERBA SCUTELLARIAE, HERBA LYCOPI 3 each. 5. According to nature and flavour of medical plants, they were classified into warmth, heat: 20 each, cold, cool: 16 each, balance 4 and unidentified 2. Thus it was noticed that warmth and heat is the main in nature and flavour medicinal plants. 6. According to the Properties and Principal curative action, they were classified into drugs for clearing up heat and toxin 8, drugs for clearing up heat and dispelling pathogenic heat from blood, drugs for clearing up heat and heatstroke 3 each, drugs for activating the blood and removing blood stasis, drugs which is sudorific and pungent in nature and flavour for dispelling wind and cold in the treatment of exterior symptom complex 4 each. Thus it was noticed that drugs for clearing up heat was the main kind. 7. Comparing to whole medical plants 42 kinds, toxic drugs include minor toxin were 3 kinds, 7% of the whole. Thus toxic drugs were rare. From this result, it was revealed that the plants for medical purpose in Labiatae was 68% of the whole, in which HERBA was mostly abundunt and toxic plants was so rare that it will be used for clinical treatment more easily. It is considered that many experiements and clinical approches must be continued to use Labiatae plants widely.

韓國産 天南星科 植物에 關한 本草學的 硏究

황상욱,김태현,宋昊埈,辛民敎 한국전통의학연구소 1999 한국전통의학지 Vol.9 No.1

For the purpose of developing Korean Herbalogy with the plants of Araceae which grow wild and is planted in Korea, the these and writings on herbalogy, from literature of successive generations, have been thoroughly investigated and the results obtained were as follows: 1. There were totaled to 14 genera and 42 species in Korea and among them medicinal plants are 7 genera, 23 species, some 55% in total but, the number of species may be added because of the similiar plants. 2. According to the oriental names which can be used for medical purpose, the medicinal plants belonging to the Araceae family were classified as Rhizoma 20, Radix 10, Folium 4, Flos 3, Herba 1. Thus it was noticed that Rhizoma and Radix was the main kind. 3. According to sum of 42 species in Araceae family, they were classified into Arisaema genera 17, Acorus and Zantedeschia genera 4 each, Philodendron and Symplocarpus genera 3 each, Anthurium and Colocasia genera 2 each. Thus it was noticed that Arisaema genera was the main kind, some 40.5% in total. 4. According to nature and flavour of medicinal plants, they were classified into warmth and heat ; 25, cold and cool ; 3, balance 2 and unidentified 6. Thus it was noticed that warmth and heat is the main in nature and flavour of medicinal plants. 5. Comparing to whole medicinal plants 23 kinds, toxic drugs include minor toxin were 18 kinds, 78.3% of the whole. From this result, It was revealed that the plants for medical purpose in Araceae was 55% of the whole, in which RHIZOMA and RADIX was mostly abundunt. It is considered that many experiements and clinical approaches must be continued to use Araceae plants widely.