Comparison of trophic factors changes in the hippocampal CA1 region between the young and adult gerbil induced by transient cerebral ischemia.

Yan, Bing Chun,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, Sung Koo,Choi, Jung Hoon,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Kwon, Young-Geun,Kim, Young-Myeong,Kim, Jong-Dai,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.32 No.8

<P>In the present study, we investigated neuronal death/damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and compared changes in some trophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the CA1 between the adult and young gerbils after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. Most of pyramidal neurons (89%) were damaged 4 days after ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) in the adult; however, in the young, about 59% of pyramidal neurons were damaged 7 days after I-R. The immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF, not GDNF, in the CA1 of the normal young were lower than those in the normal adult. Four days after I-R in the adult group, the immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF were distinctively decreased, and the immunoreactivity and level of GDNF were increased. However, in the young group, all of their immunoreactivities and levels were much higher than those in the normal young group. From 7 days after I-R, all the immunoreactivities and levels were apparently decreased compared to those of the normal adult and young. In brief, we confirmed our recent finding: more delayed and less neuronal death occurred in the young following I-R, and we newly found that the immunoreactivities of trophic factors, such as BDNF, GDNF, and VEGF, in the stratum pyramidale of the CA1 in the young gerbil were much higher than those in the adult gerbil 4 days after transient cerebral ischemia.</P>

철계 소결부품의 사출성형에 관한 연구

김영홍,권영순,김환태,김충식 울산대학교 1994 공학연구논문집 Vol.25 No.2

P가 첨가된 미세한 Fe 분말을 사용하여 Fe 및 Fe-Mo-Ni계에 대해 금속사출 성형방법에 의한 소결부품의 제조 가능성에 대해 조사한 결과, 바닝더로 사용한 Methylcellulos의 부피분율이 11vol%, 용매인 뭉의 양이 12wt%일때 우수한 성형성 및 소결특성을 보였다. 사출성형 조건은 다이의 예열온도가 110℃, 다이내의 유지시간이 3분일때 우수한 성형성을 보였으며, 650℃의 온도에서 1시간 유지하였을때 바인더는 완전히 제거되었다. Fe계 사출성형체의 소결시 얻어진 소결밀도는 이론밀도의 90%였으며, 활성제인 P가 소량 첨가됨으로써 소결성이 개선되어 95%정도의 소결밀도를 나타내었다. Using fine powders, the possiblity for the Metal Injection Moulding of the Fe and Fe-Mo-Ni steel with addition phosphours was investigated. The experimental results were obtained as follow; 1. The relative good molding and sintering behavior were obtained by using the binder constituted of 11 vol% methylcellulose and 12w% water solvent. 2. The preheated mould temperature and residence time were 110℃ and 240 sec for the optimal moulding condition. The binder could be fully removed by debinding at 650℃ for 1 hour. 3. The injection moulded Fe-parts could be obtained the relative sintered density about 90%. By addition of the small amount of phosphorus the more densification and then the relative sintered density could be obtained about 95%.

부산, 울산, 경남지역 직업병감시체계에서 나타난 수지진동증후근의 역학적 특성

최영희,유철인,이지호,이충렬,이헌,김영욱,채창호,고상백,김은아,이유진,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 2003 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.15 No.3

목적: 국내에서도 국소진동에 의한 수지진동증후군이 다수 있을 것으로 추정하나 최근에 이에 대한 보고가 적어 부·울·경 직업병감시체계를 통하여 수지진동증후군에 대한 환례를 수집하여 이의 역학적 특성을 밝히고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방법: 2001년 44월부터 2002년 12월까지 부산, 울산, 경남지역에 있는 종합병원 9곳을 통하여 특수 건강진단과 산업의학과 외래를 방문한 근로자를 대상으로 진동폭로에 대한 설문조사를 실시하고 이들중에서 수지진동으로 인한 증상을 호소하는 근로자는 이학적 검사와 Stockholm workshop scale을 이용하여 수지진동증후군이 있는지 평가하였다. 결과: 남자 188명, 여자 4명 등 총 192례의 수진진동증후군이 의심되는 환례를 수집하였으며, 업종별로는 조선업에 종사하는 근로자들이 가장 많았다. 국소진동의 주된 폭로원은 그라인더가 가장 많았으며, 혈관장해로 인한 증상보다 감각신경성 장해로 인한 증상을 많이 호소하였다. 결론: 전국적으로 조선업종의 그라인더 사용자를 중심으로 많은 수의 수지진동증후군의 환자가 있을 것으로 추정되며, 이들에 대한 예방대책을 마련하기 위하여 전국규모의 정확한 유병률 조사 및 실태파악이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. Objects: The objectives of this study were to estimate the epidemiologic characteristics of hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) due to occupational exposure of hand transmitted vibration and to identify the occupations and industries where such exposures arises, and the main sources of exposure. Methods: In April 2001 the Busan, Ulsan, and Kyung-Nam Province occupational disease surveillance system was established to measure the incidence and prevalence of work-relatd HAVS and other occipational diseases in these Korean provinces. Occupational physicians of nine hospitals in Busan, Ulsan, and Kyung-nam Province were involved in this project between April 2001 and November 2002. Physicians collected information through questionnaires and interviews. Information gathered included age, occupation, types of vibration tools used and presence of subkective symptoms such as vibration-induced white finger (VWF), numbness and tingling. Results: A total 192 cases were reported with 188 males and 4 females. The shipbuilding industry was the most common type of industry and grinders were the most common source of exposire. Symptoms of neurological disorder were more common than those of vascular disprder. Conclusions: The authors concluded that exposure to hand transmitted vibration is common and that HAVS is one of the most common occupational diseases in Korea. However, the range and extent of hand transmitted vibration and the overall prevalence of HAVS in Korea is still unknown. More extensive research on this syndrome in order to priorite necessary preventive measures is required.

열공형과 비열공형 피질하 혈관성 치매에서 위험인자의 차이에 관한 비교 연구

배희준,정지향,유경호,나덕렬,김상윤,최경규,양동원,손의주,이상도,김재우,박경원,김응규,이재홍,박미영,한일우,함동석,최문성,하충건,최성혜,이애영,이병철,한설희 대한치매학회 2003 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.2 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: Vascular dementia is a group of dementing disoders arising from various stroke syndrome. Among these. subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is regarded as a relatively distinct clinical entity. However, MRI patterns of SIVD are not homogenous. In some patients, lacunes are dominant, and in others, subcortical white matter changes are. This study was designed to compare risk factor profiles between SIVD with and without multiple lacunes. Methods: We divided 47 subjects (22 males, mean age. 68 years) recruited from VADAPET (Multicenter Trial For Evaluation Of The Changes In the PET Images Of Subcortical Vascular Dementia Patient) study into two groups one with more than 5 lacunes in deep gray matter (lacune group) and the other with 5 or less(non-lacune group) Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of two groups were compared. Results: Nineteen of 47 patients (40%) belonged to the lacune group. The lacune and non-lacune groups d d not differ in the following variables: age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, history of trauma or major surgery, family history of hypertension stroke, or dementia, age at diagnosis of dementia, body mass index, white blood cell count, ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, hemoglobin A1C, total cholesterol. LDL cholesterol creatinine, proteinuria, glucosuria, and microhematuria. However, male sex, smoking alcohol. hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were possibly associated more with lacune group SIVD than with non-lacune group (p<0 1) Multivariate analyses revealed that smoking, hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol were independent predictors of SIVD with multiple lacunes Conclusion: Our study suggests that SIVD with multiple lacunes may be significantly different in smoking habits hemoglobin, and HDL cholesterol from SIVD without multiple lacunes.

pH低下에 依한 Negative inotropic action에 미치는 Glucose 및 CaCl_2의 影響

金重暎,李聲鎭,徐大圭,金吉喆 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1972 慶北醫大誌 Vol.13 No.2

In recent years, it has been believed that the DNA synthetic time (S-phase) is between 7 and 9 hours, however, the reports on this subject were vastly variable and also variable on G_2-phase (postsynthetic time) We presumed that S-phase would not be constant but S+G_2 phase would be constant. And we estimated the percent of labeled mitosis with one day postnatal chick stomach, and calculated as followings: 1. The S-phase was 4.5 hours, G_2-phase was 8.8 hours. 2. Minimum S-phase was 3 hours. 3. The total generation time was 19.5 hours and similar with the other reports, and the second curve was irregular, so it was computed by means of a formula using the labeling index and S-phase. It could be concluded that there were some relations between shortened S-phase and prolonged G_2-phase, and S+G_2phase were constant, however, it is needed more consideration and further study.

배열형 전력 MOSFET의 설계 및 제작

김진형,최연익,정상구,박찬광,김충기,성만영 亞洲大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

In this paper, the design of the array type power MOSFETs is discussed in terms of on-resistance, breakdown voltage, placement of FLRs(field limiting ring) and threshold voltage. Also, 9-cell(square-on square grid) VDMOSs are fabricated to confirm the feasibility of the design method. Existence of optimum p-well spacing for minimum on-resistance, which is anticipated by the theoretical results is confirmed by the experiment of the fabricated power MOSFETs. Breakdown voltage of power MOSFET is upgraded by using two FLR's and their optimum placement is determined from the experimental results of the diodes with FLRs. The threshold voltage is controlled by the ion implantation within the design specification. Experimental results are in good agreement with the design specification. Experimental results are in good agreement with the design values. Characteristics of the fabricated power MOSFETs are 190Ω in on-resistance, 270V in breakdown voltage and 2.9V in thershold voltage.

유구치 조기상실로 인한 기능성 전치부 반대교합의 치료 증례

김영진,김현정,박충제,남순현 大韓小兒齒科學會 1994 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

The authors treated three patients who chiefly complained functional anterior crossbite due to premature loss of primary molars by using removable space maintainer and functional appliances. In orthodontic practice, the mandibular rest position and the possibility of taking construction bite have been as the criteria for evaluation of functional factors involved in anterior crossbite. Functional anterior crossbites, if left untreated, may have deleterious effects on the development and function of craniofacial complex and TMJ. Objectives of the treatment were as follows : 1) to recover vertical dimension 2) to eliminate functional disharmony 3) to correct anterior reversed occlusion 4) to attain good facial esthetics 5) to prevent unfavorable growth of jaw & dentition Characterized craniofacial morphology resulting from the premature loss of deciduous molars could be recovered following the correction of crossbite. Therefore, it is recommended that in orthodontic diagnosis of functional anterior crossbite due to premature loss of deciduous molars, the craniofacial abnormality affected by that should be considered.

인터넷 비즈니스에서 효과적인 소비자 관계관리(Customer Relationship Management)를 위한 데이터 마이닝 기법의 응용에 대한 연구

김충영,장남식,김상욱 한국산학경영학회 2002 산학경영연구 Vol.15 No.-

본 연구에서는 고객 세분화를 위하여 고객프로필과 사이트 접속자료를 통합, 분석하는 분석적 CRM을 시도하였다. 실제 고객 데이터를 분석하여 고객의 특성과 기호, 방문행태 등을 이해할 수 있다면 이를 기반으로 고객 세분화(segmentation)가 가능할 것이다. 예를 들어 고객의 거주지, 재산정도, 교육수준, 연령 등 진적정보를 토대로 동일 사이트에 접속하는 고객의 공통점을 찾게 된다면 이들 고객에 접근할 수 있는 적절한 마케팅 미디어가 무엇인지, 어느 페이지에 홍보ㅜㄹ을 게재하는 것이 효과적일 것인가 등을 결정하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다. 한편 웹 기반 마이닝의 핵심은 웹으로 부터의 자료를 어떻게 하면 효율적으로 수집할 것인가, 또한 이렇게 수집된 자료를 다양한(multiple) DB와 어떻게 통합하고 분석하여 필요한 정보를 추출할 것인가 일 것이다. 본 연구에서는 실제 인터넷 사업자의 사용자 그룹의 비율에 따라 구성된 패널을 활용하여 효율적인 자료수집 방안을 모색하였다. 패널 구성원에 대한 웹 데이터를 수집함으로써 신뢰성과 대표성을 확보하면서 분석대상 자료의 양을 적절한 수준으로 유지할 수 있었다. 또한 고객자료 분석에서는 OLAP과 데이터 마이님 기법(의사결정나무)을 동시에 사용하여 그 분석 결과를 비교함으로써 각 기법의 결과를 상호 확인하고 보완할 수 있었다. 이 결과는 데이터 마이닝 기법에 의해서 발견된 패턴을 분석 하고 확인하는 작업에서 OLAP이 유용하게 사용될 수 있다는 과거 연구의 주장을 확인하였다. In this study, an analytical CRM for customer segmentation is exercised by integrating and analyzing the customer profile data and the access data to a particular web site. We believe that effective customer segmentation will be possible with a basis of the understanding of customer characteristics as well as behavior on the web. One of the critical tasks in the web data-mining is concerned with both ?how to collect the data from the web in an efficient manner??and ?how to integrate the data(mostly in a variety of types) effectively for the analysis??This study proposes a panel approach as an efficient data collection method in the web. For the customer data analysis, OLAP and a tree-structured algorithm are applied in this study. The results of the analysis with both techniques are compared, confirming the previous work which the two techniques are inter-complementary.

FeTaN 연자성 박막을 이용한 자기 평면 인덕터 소자의 고주파 특성에 관한 연구

金充植,南勝義,韓相龍 弘益大學校 科學基術硏究所 1999 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.2

In accordance with tendency to miniaturization and high frequency operation of electronic products, extensive efforts of miniaturizing magnetic devices such as inductors, transformers which can be applicable to the small scale power supply (DC-DC converter). To fabricate high performance inductors in small area, several important factors should be considered, such as magnetic films with good soft magnetism, induction coil with low resistance, and well-designed geometrical inductor structures. Usually, permalloy or Co-based amorphous films have been used for the soft magnetic films. However, in order to improve the inductor performance, especially for the high current applications such as DC-DC converters, a soft magnetic material with a higher saturation magnetization (4πMs) and extrinsic anisotropy field is needed. Inductor performance without any planarization process for the upper magnetic layers was far less than that expected from the theoretical calculation. Nevertheless, uniaxial magnetic anisotropy was induced to the magnetic flux direction, the soft magnetic properties and the inductor performance were degraded due to the grating topology of upper magnetic films. Glass bonding is a useful method for achieving a completely planar inductor structure. The planar inductor with glass bonding shows excellent performance: inductance(L)of 1.2 μH, figure of merit(Q) 7.5 (at 5 MHz), and the dc current capability up to 100 mA. In order to reveal the effect of anisotropy field on inductor performance, hard axis of magnetic layer was controlled as 0, 45 and 90 degree from magnetic field generated at rectangular spiral coil. Inductance is drastically decreased with increasing DC current over saturation current, and as increasing the angle miss match, the saturation current is appeared at low current.

위암 조직에서 발현되는 새로운 유전자 Reg Ⅳ

김수령,서은영,이웅희,이증훈,이충식 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.2

A search for the genes expressed only in gastric cancer may help to define molecular alterations or aid in diagnosis of gastric cancer. Recently, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) has been used as an effective technique for detection of differentially expressed genes. We discovered a noble gene which belongs to the Reg family in stomach cancer tissue using the SSH technique. We identified and named the Reg Ⅳ gene that is highly expressed only in gastric tumor tissue. The Reg family gene has a lot of functions of the growth factor and gene regulation. The cathepsin L-12 gene, which is known to exhibit increased expression in breast cancer and some inflammatory conditions, is also expressed in stomach cancer. Expressions were verified by reverse Northern blot analysis and Northern blot analysis. We expect these genes to be used as an important tool for the diagnosis and/or understanding of the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.