Streptozotocin-당뇨병 백서에서 당뇨병 이환기간에 따른 대동맥의 이완능 저하 및 Oxygen-Free Radical에 의한 이완능의 손상정도

김정국,김신우,김수동,서예경,하승우,김보완,백운이,권삼,강승완 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

목적: 당뇨병의 이환기간이 혈관의 내피세포 의존성 및 비의존성 이완능의 저하에 미치는 영향과 이환기간에 따라 oxygen-free radical(OFR)에 의한 동맥이완능의 손상정도에 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: Streptozotocin(STZ)으로 당뇨병이 유도된 3 주 및 10주째의 백서군과 연령이 비슷한 정상 대조백서군의 적출 대동맥환을 norepinephrine으로 수축시킨 상태에서 내피세포 의존성 이완제인 acetylcholine(ACh) 및 비의존성 이완제인 nitroglycerine(NTG)에 대한 이완능을 즉정하여 비교 관찬하였다. 또한 xanthine과 xanthine oxidase의 혼합으로 생성된 H₂O₂에 대동맥환을 노출시킨뒤 역시 ACh과 NTG에 대한 이완능의 손상정도를 비교하였다. 결과: 3주및 10주째 당뇨병 백서의 대동맥환은 모두 대조군 백서의 대동맥환에 비해 ACh에 대한 이완능이 유의하게 감소하였으며 10주째 당뇨병 백서군에서의 ACh에대한 이완능의 저하는 3 주째 당뇨병 백서군에 비해 유의하게 심하였다.H₂O₂에 노출시킨 뒤 ACh에대한 이완능은 3주 및 10주 째 당뇨병 백서군에서 모두 대조군에 비해 유의하게 심한 손상을 보였으나 3주와 10주째 당뇨병 백서군 사이의 손상정도의 차이가 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 한편 3주 및 10주째 당뇨병 백서군 모두 NTH에 대한 대동맥환의 이완능은 대조 백서군과 별다른 차이가 없었으며 또 H₂O₂에 노출시킨 뒤에도 NTG에 대한 이완능의 손상은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론: STZ-당뇨병백서에서 대동맥의 이완능은 당뇨병에 이환된지 3 주째에 이미 ACh에 대한 내피세포 의존성 이완능이 선택적으로 저하되며 당뇨병의 이환기간이 길수록 이완능의 저하가 심하였고, OFR에 의한 동맥 이완능의 손상도 내피세포 의존성 이완능에만 선택적으로 나타나나 이환기간에 따라 OFR에 의한 이완능 손상정도에는 뚜렷한 차이가 없음을 시사하고 있다. Objectives: Diabetes mellitus produces histological evidence of endothelial as well as changes in vascular function in experimental animal. Oxygen free radicals interfere with of destroy endothelium-dependent relaxation in normal and diabetic blood vessels. The present study was investigated whether the duration of diabetic state can affect the severity of impairment in endothelium-dependent and/or independent relaxation and the sensitivity to oxygen free fadical (OFR)-induced damage in diabetic rat vasculature. Methods: The relaxative responses of aortic ring precontracted with norepinephrine in vitro to cumulative concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) and nitroglycerine (NTG) were conducted in 3- and 10- week streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats and agematched controls. After exposure to H₂O₂generated by mixing xanthine and xanthine oxidase, the degree of impairment in relaxative responses to ACh and NTG were also compared between 3- and 10-week diabetic rats. Results: The relaxative responses of aortic rings produced by cumulative concentrations of ACh were significantly lower in both 3- and 10-week diabetic rats than in the age-matched controls. The impairments of relaxative responses to ACh in 10-week diabetic rats were significantly greater than those in 3-week ones. After H₂O₂ exposure, the impairments of relaxative responses to ACh in 3- and 10-week diabetic aortas was also significantly greater than those in the control in the control ones. However, the severity of H₂O₂-induced damage in 10-week diabetic aortas was not significantly different than that in 3-week ones. In contrast, aortic rings of 3- and 10-week diabetic rats could still be fully relaxed by NTG, even after exposure to H₂O₂. Conclusion: These findings suggest that in SRZ-diabetic rat aortas selective impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation to Ach can be found early even over a 3-week period after the induction of diabetes and the impairment may be greater in those with the longer duration of the diabetic state and that the impairment of the vascular relaxation by OFR is also selective to endothelium-dependent response but the sensitivity of OFR-induced damage may not be related to the duration of the diabetic state.

효모에서 분리한 단백 메틸레스의 특성에 관한 연구

김보경,백운기,조만희,김창세 순천향의학연구소 1997 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.3 No.2

A cytochrome C - specific protein methylase Ⅲ was purified approximately 63 - fold from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The unmethylated cytochrome C served as substrate for the enzyme. Horse heart apocytochrome C was found to be a better substrate than the native horse heart cytochrome C. This observation suggests that the in vivo methylation of cytochrome C in the yeast probably occurs before cytochrome C become attached to the mitochondria. In partly purified protein methylase Ⅲ the optimun pH is about 9.0, the enzyme activity is linearly proportional to the amount of enzyme protein up to about 30㎍ and also to time up to 15min. The Km values for horse heart cytochrome C and S - adenosyl - L- methionine were 1.33mM and 40㎛, respectively. S - adenosyl - L - homocysteine was found to be a competitive inhibitor for S - adenosyl - L - methionine, and the Ki value was 2.7 μM. The molecular weight of the enzyme was approximately 97,000, determined on sephadex S- 200 gel filtration. The regulation of cellular cytochrome C and the protein methylase Ⅲ are not coordinately related in a parallel manner.

엔진구동형 NiTi 파일의 근관성형능력 비교

김보혜,최경규,박상혁,최기운 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare the root canal shaping ability of 4 rotary NiTi instruments in simulated root canals. For the preparation of thirty two curved root canals, Mtwo instruments using “single length”technique, and Profile, ProTaper Universal, and K3 using crown-down technique (N = 8) were used. All canal samples were prepared by reaching an apical canal size of #30. Pre- and post-instrumentation digital images were recorded and an assessment of canal shape was determined using a computer image analysis program SigmaScan Pro (Systat Software Inc., San Jose, CA, USA). The changes of the dimension of inner walls of canals, (2) the changes of the dimension of outer walls of canals, and (3) the centering ratio were measured at 7 measuring points, and then data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan’s test. The results were as below; 1. The root canal shaping ability of Profile was significantly faster than that of other rotary NiTi instruments (p < 0.05). 2. The deformation and fracture of all instruments used for this study were not experienced. 3. In the degree of changes of the dimension of inner walls of canals, Profile demonstrated the lowest changes of the dimension of inner walls of canals except at the measuring points of the 1 and 2 mm (p < 0.05). However, the ProTaper Universal showed the highest changes of the dimension of inner walls of canals at all measuring points (p < 0.05). 4. In the degree of changes of the dimension of outer walls of canals, Mtwo demonstrated the lowest changse of the dimension of outer walls of canals except at the measuring point of the 1 mm (p < 0.05). However, Profile exhibited the highest changes of the dimension of outer walls of canals at the measuring points of 3 and 4 mm and ProTaper Universal and K3 showed the largest changes of the dimension of outer walls of canals at the measuring points of 1, 2, 6, and 7 mm (p < 0.05). 5. In degree of centering ratio, Profile demonstrated the least centering ratio comparing with the centering ratio shown by other NiTi instruments at the measuring points of 1, 4, 5, and 6 mm. Results suggest that in the coronal part of canal preparation, active cutting files such as ProTaper Universal may efficiently flare the canal orifice and form a better taper, and in the apical part of the canal, files which have a better centering ability such as Profile may maintain the original canal curvature and reduce the shaping time. 이 연구의 목적은 4가지 엔진구동형 NiTi 기구의 근관성형력을 비교하는 것이다. 32개의 투명레진모형을 사용하여 파일의 단면도가 S자 형태이고“single length”방법으로 근관성형을 시행하는 Mtwo와 crown-down 방법으로 근관성형을 하는 Profile, ProTaper Universal 및 K3로 근관성형을 하였다 (n = 8). 모든 근관은 한사람의 술자가 근단공 크기가 #30이 될때까지 성형하였다. 기구 사용 전과 후 근관 모양을 디지털 영상을 기록하였고, 컴퓨터 영상 분석 프로그램(Expression Scanner와 Adobe Photoshop CS)으로 평가하였다. 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 근첨으로부터 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 mm 떨어진 부위의 내측과 외측으로 삭제된 레진 양을 측정하였고, 자료는 SPSS법으로 비교 분석하였다. 1. 근관형성 시간은 Mtwo가 84.50초로 가장 짧았으며, 총 작업시간은 K3가 269.37초로 가장 길었다(p < 0.05). 2. 기구의 변형과 파절은 모든 구동형 NiTi 파일에서 발생하지 않았다. 3. 근관 내측 폭경의 변화는 Profile이 1, 2 mm 부위를 제외한 다른 부위에서 가장 적었으며, ProTaper Universal은 모든 부위에서 가장 많았다(p < 0.05). 4. 근관 외측 폭경의 변화는 Mtwo이 1 mm 부위를 제외한 모든 부위에서 가장 적었으며, Profile은 3, 4 mm 부위에서 가장 많았다(p < 0.05). ProTaper Universal와 K3는 1, 2, 6, 7 mm 부위에서 가장 많았다(p < 0.05). 5. 근관중심변위율(centering ratio)은 Profile이 1, 4, 5, 6 mm 부위에서 가장 적었다(p < 0.05). 이상의 결과, 구동성 NiTi 파일을 이용한 만곡 근관의 근관형성은 치경부는 ProTaper와 같은 삭제력이 높은 파일을 사용하는 것이 근관 입구를 효과적으로 넓히고 더 나은 taper를 형성하며, 근단부는 Profile과 같은 근관 중심 변위가 적은 파일을 사용하는 것이 근관형성 시간을 단축하고 근단부의 근관 변형(transportation)을 줄일 수 있다고 판단된다.

CV黑鉛鑄鐵의 黑鉛型態 및 機械的 性質에 미치는 Ni첨가 효과에 관한 연구

許甫寧,金水泳,南泰運,徐弘三,金學權 慶尙大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.24 No.1

In this study, an easy production method of CV (Compacted/vermicular) graphite cast iron with small addition of a Ni which is known as the element of the graphitization was investigated. And so, the effects of fading (holding) time and of Ni addition after the treatments with spheroidizer (Fe-Si-Mg-Ca-Al-Ti-Ce) were also investigated. The results obtained are as follows. 1. According as Ni contents in CV molten cast iron increase, the graphite No. and CV radio were increased. And so, graphite form and the distribution of the graphite were homogenized. 2. When the addition treated with Ni, the tensile strength were increased, and the effect of fading time were decreased.

Copper indium selenide water splitting photoanodes with artificially designed heterophasic blended structure and their high photoelectrochemical performances

Kim, Joo Sung,Baek, Seung Ki,Kim, Young Been,Do, Hyun Woo,Kwon, Yong Hun,Cho, Sung Woon,Yun, Young Dae,Yoon, Jae Hong,Lee, Han-Bo-Ram,Kim, Sang-Woo,Cho, Hyung Koun Elsevier 2018 Nano energy Vol.46 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Conventional <I>p-</I>CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> absorbers for solar cells have been homogenously synthesized using multi-step process despite a narrow crystal phase region in the phase diagram and the existence of various secondary phases. In contrast, here we propose artificially-designed heterophasic blended copper indium selenide compounds for water splitting photoanodes using a simple one-step annealing synthetic process where the electrodeposited metal precursors were directly annealed with Se vapor injection and without additional intermediate steps. The resultant product is revealed to possess a novel “<I>phase-blended structure</I>” comprising two phases of <I>p-</I>type CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> and <I>n-</I>type CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> crystals. The CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles with a higher Cu fraction are three-dimensionally (3D) embedded in the <I>n-</I>type CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> matrix, which has been verified by various analysis methods such as X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and capacitance-voltage curve. The average diameter of the CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles is 66.8nm and the interval between the nanoparticles in the CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> matrix is 67.6nm. Consequently, the phase-blended structure photoabsorber exhibits a remarkably enhanced anodic photocurrent of 12.7mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at 1.23V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode. The considerably enhanced photocurrent gain of the phase-blended structure photoanode is attributed to the excellent charge separation facilitated by the built-in potential generated from the 3D <I>p-n</I> junction.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Inorganic heterophasic blended structure was synthesized via one-step annealing process of electrodeposited Cu/In bilayers. </LI> <LI> We designed inorganic heterophasic blended structure consisting of <I>p</I>-type CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles and <I>n</I>-type CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> matrix. </LI> <LI> The nanoscale CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles with a higher Cu fraction were three-dimensionally embedded in <I>n</I>-type CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> matrix. </LI> <LI> Phase-blended structure resulted in sufficient depletion and efficiently separated photo-generated electron-hole pairs. </LI> <LI> Phase-blended structure CIS showed remarkably enhanced photocurrent and good stability with an ultra-thin Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> layer. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>We report an inorganic heterophasic blended structure with remarkably enhanced photocurrent performance via built-in potential between <I>p</I>-type CuInSe<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles and <I>n</I>-type CuIn<SUB>3</SUB>Se<SUB>5</SUB> matrix.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Estimation of In-plant Source Term Release Behaviors from Fukushima Daiichi Reactor Cores by Forward Method and Comparison with Reverse Method

Kim, Tae-Woon,Rhee, Bo-Wook,Song, Jin-Ho,Kim, Sung-Il,Ha, Kwang-Soon The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2017 방사선방어학회지 Vol.42 No.2

Background: The purpose of this paper is to confirm the event timings and the magnitude of fission product aerosol release from the Fukushima accident. Over a few hundreds of technical papers have been published on the environmental impact of Fukushima Daiichi accident since the accident occurred on March 11, 2011. However, most of the research used reverse or inverse method based on the monitoring of activities in the remote places and only few papers attempted to estimate the release of fission products from individual reactor core or from individual spent fuel pool. Severe accident analysis code can be used to estimate the radioactive release from which reactor core and from which radionuclide the peaks in monitoring points can be generated. Materials and Methods: The basic material used for this study are the initial core inventory obtained from the report JAEA-Data/Code 2012-018 and the given accident scenarios provided by Japanese Government or Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) in official reports. In this research a forward method using severe accident progression code is used as it might be useful for justifying the results of reverse or inverse method or vice versa. Results and Discussion: The release timing and amounts to the environment are estimated for volatile radioactive fission products such as noble gases, cesium, iodine, and tellurium up to 184 hours (about 7.7 days) after earthquake occurs. The in-plant fission product behaviors and release characteristics to environment are estimated using the severe accident progression analysis code, MELCOR, for Fukushima Daiichi accident. These results are compared with other research results which are summarized in UNSCEAR 2013 Report and other technical papers. Also it may provide the physically based arguments for justifying or suspecting the rationale for the scenarios provided in open literature. Conclusion: The estimated results by MELCOR code simulation of this study indicate that the release amount of volatile fission products to environment from Units 1, 2, and 3 cores is well within the range estimated by the reverse or inverse method, which are summarized in UNSCEAR 2013 report. But this does not necessarily mean that these two approaches are consistent.

Original Article : The Simple Predictors of Pseudomembranous Colitis in Patients with Hospital-Acquired Diarrhea: A Prospective Observational Study

( Bo Kyung Yang ),( Byung Ju Do ),( Eun Jung Kim ),( Ji Un Lee ),( Mi Hee Kim ),( Jin Gu Kang ),( Hyoung Su Kim ),( Kyung Ho Kim ),( Myoung Kuk Jang ),( Jin Heon Lee ),( Hak Yang Kim ),( Woon Geon Shi The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.1

Background/Aims: As the incidence rate of and mortality from pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) are increasing worldwide, it is important to study the simple predictive risk factors for PMC among patients with hospital-acquired diarrhea (HAD). This study focused on identifying the clinical risk factors that can easily predict PMC. Methods: The presumed HAD patients were prospectively recruited at the Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital. Results: Age of 70 and older (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 0.75), use of proton pump inhibitors (adjusted OR, 4.07, 95% CI, 2.512 to 6.57), use of cephalosporins (adjusted OR, 2.99, 95% CI, 1.82 to 4.94), and underlying cancer (adjusted OR, 1.72, 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.82) were independent risk factors for PMC in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of PMC was very low in the patients with HAD who exhibited no risk factors. Conclusions: The risk factors for PMC in patients with HAD included cephalosporin use, proton pump inhibitor use, old age, and cancer. Considering the strongly negative predictive values of these risk factors, endoscopic evaluation can be delayed in patients with HAD without risk of developing PMC. (Gut Liver 2014,8:41-48)

Molecular characterization of proton beam-induced mutations in soybean using genotyping-by-sequencing

Kim, Woon Ji,Ryu, Jaihyunk,Im, Juhyun,Kim, Sang Hun,Kang, Si-Yong,Lee, Jeong-Hee,Jo, Sung-Hwan,Ha, Bo-Keun Springer-Verlag 2018 Molecular genetics and genomics Vol.293 No.5

Incidence of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Carbapenemase- Producing Enterobacteriaceae Gene Distribution in Ulsan, Korea, 2018~2021

Bo-Woon Kim,Young-Kyung Jo,Gyeong-Nam Kim,Jung-Yun Hwang,Mi-Yeon Hong,Won-Dug Seo,Suk-Nam Hwang 대한미생물학회 2022 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.52 No.3

This study was conducted on the incidence of CRE infection and CPE gene distribution in Ulsan to prepare basic data for preventing the spread of CRE infection by confirming the regional characteristics of CRE infection. The results of the CRE infection test from 2018 to 2021 conducted by the Ulsan Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment in accordance with the experimental method of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency’s SOP on CRE infection test were analyzed for the study. Through the analysis, it was confirmed that the positive rate of ‘CRE or CPE’ in the samples surveyed increased from 92.83% in 2018 to 97.62% in 2021. In the analyzed ‘CRE (including CP-CRE)’ samples, Ertapenem resistance was the most common at 94.34%, Imipenem resistance 65.37%, Meropenem resistance 63.34%, and Doripenem resistance 52.70%. Regarding the average distribution of ‘CRE (including CP-CRE)’ by genus for the four years, the genus Klebsiella was isolated the most with an average of 72.04%, followed by the genus Escherichia (10.81%), the genus Enterobacter (9.54%), and the genus Citrobacter (1.27%.). From 2018 to 2021, the proportion of ‘CP-CRE’ increased significantly from 59.07% to 68.45% and the types of genus and species identified as ‘CP-CRE’ were diversified during the same period. The distribution of the detected CPE genes were highest in KPC (89.31%), and NDM (8.53%), and the distribution of CPE gene subtypes also varied. It is expected that this study can be used as basic data for preparing suitable countermeasures against CRE infection in the community in the future

A Pilot Clinical Study of Ocular Prosthesis Fabricated by Three-dimensional Printing and Sublimation Technique

Bo Ram Kim,So Hyun Kim,JaeSang Ko,Seung Woon Baek,Yung Kyung Park,Yoon Jung Kim,Jin Sook Yoon 대한안과학회 2021 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.35 No.1

Purpose: We sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of patient-specific ocular prostheses produced by three-dimensional(3D) printing and the sublimation technique. A comparison with prostheses produced using manual manufacturingmethods was then performed. Methods: To confirm the biological and physiochemical safety, cytotoxicity, systemic acute toxicity, intradermal reaction,and skin sensitization tests were conducted according to the International Organization for Standardization guidelines. Thecompressive strength of the prostheses was also tested. Further, a case series of three patients who wore the 3D printedprostheses for more than eight hours daily for 4 weeks was executed. Self-assessments by these individuals using a questionnaireand safety evaluations focusing on the occurrence of conjunctival inflammation or allergic reactions according to theCornea and Contact Lens Research Unit criteria by slit-lamp examination and similarity assessment were completed. Results: The 3D printed ocular prostheses met the necessary qualifications per the biological and physiochemical safety tests,showing the absence of cytotoxicity, acute systemic toxicity, intradermal reactivity, and skin-sensitizing potency. Also, therewas no difference in strength test results between previous ocular prostheses and the 3D printed ones. Self-assessment bythe patients yielded satisfactory results, with no significant difference in the level of satisfaction reported for the 3D printedand previous handmade ocular prostheses. The 3D printed prosthesis did not trigger any side effects in the conjunctival sacand showed similar objective findings with respect to the color of the iris, sclera, and vessel patterns. Conclusions: Our study confirms the biologic and physiochemical safety of 3D-printed ocular prostheses created using computer-aided design technology and a sublimation technique. The patients’ questionnaires and the judgment of the ophthalmologists/ocularists showed that the 3D printed ocular prosthesis was acceptable in function and appearance through a caseseries report.