생활관리사의 공감능력이 독거노인의 우울에 미치는 영향

황춘화(Chun-Hwa Hwang),정영아(Young-A Jeong),이수천(Soo-Cheon Yi) 한국보건복지학회 2018 보건과 복지 Vol.20 No.2

본 연구는 독거노인의 외적 보호요인인 생활관리사의 공감능력과 내적 보호요인인 독거노인의 자아존중감이 우울에 어떤 관계로 영향을 미치는지를 검증하였다. 이를 위하여 Y시와 I시에 거주하는 독거노인과 생활관리사를 대상으로 조사하였으며 분석은 구조방정식 모형으로 검증하였다. 검증결과, 생활관리사의 정서적 공감과 인지적 공감은 모두 독거노인의 자아존중감을 매개로 하여 독거노인의 우울에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 정서적 공감은 자아존중감에 정적인 영향을 미치는 반면 인지적 공감은 자아존중감에 부적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 바탕으로 독거노인의 우울을 줄이기 위하여 생활관리사의 정서적 공감을 담보한 돌봄서비스가 더욱 개발되어야 함을 제언하였다. 본 연구는 독거노인과 생활관리사를 함께 연구하였다는 점에서 연구의 지평을 넓힌 이론적 기여가 있으며, 실천적인 면에서도 독거노인의 우울을 감소할 수 있는 실질적인 방안을 도출하였다는 의미가 있다. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the empathy of the life-manager affects depression by mediating the self-esteem of the elderly living alone. The empathy of the life-manager is the external protection factor of the elderly, and the self-esteem of the elderly the internal protection factor. For this purpose, the elderly people living in Y and I cities and their living care workers were selected for the survey and the structural equation model was used for the analysis. The results showed that the emotional empathy and cognitive empathy of the life-managers affected depression by mediated self-esteem of the elderly people living alone. However, emotional empathy of the life-manager has a positive effect on the self-esteem of the elderly, and the cognitive empathy of the life-manager has negatively influenced the elderly`s self-esteem. Based on the results, it was suggested that the emotional empathy of the life-manager should be increased to reduce the depression of the elderly living alone. This study is meaningful in that the elderly living alone and the life-manager are grouped together and studied. It is also important to suggest a practical plan to reduce the depression of elderly living alone.

제언 - 최근 불산 사고로 본 산재예방정책의 새로운 패러다임

정춘화,Jeong, Chun-Hwa 대한산업보건협회 2013 산업보건 Vol.304 No.-

랫드 일차 배양 간세포에서 에탄올의 독성에 대한 헛개나무 물추출물의 보호효과

김종호,서영민,김주현,현선희,이상규,김춘화,강미정,전태원,윤수홍,정태천,Kim, Jong-Ho,Seo, Young-Min,Kim, Ju-Hyun,Hyun, Sun-Hee,Lee, Sang-Kyu,Kim, Chun-Hwa,Kang, Mi-Jeong,Jeon, Tae-Won,Yoon, Soo-Hong,Jeong, Tae-Cheon 대한약학회 2008 약학회지 Vol.52 No.1

The hepatoprotective effects of the water extracts of Hovenia dulcis Thunb (HD) were investigated in vitro. Following the induction of hepatotoxicity by ethanol in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, the protective effects of four different water extracts of HD were determined through serial dose-response and time-dependent studies. The individual extracts used in these studies were prepared from fruits, seeds, leaves and tubes. Treatment of hepatocyte cultures with the water extracts of HD provided a significant protection from the increased lactate dehydrogenase activity induced by ethanol. Particularly, the fruits extract was the most effective against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in the primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. The results demonstrated that the extracts might have the protective effect against ethanol-induced toxicity in hepatocyte cultures.

마우스 및 랫드에서 botulinum toxin type A의 단회 및 28일 반복투여 독성시험

전태원,김지영,현선희,김남희,이상규,김춘화,우희동,양기혁,정현호,정태천,Jeon, Tae-Won,Kim, Ji-Young,Hyun, Sun-Hee,Kim, Nam-Hee,Lee, Sang-Kyu,Kim, Chun-Hwa,Woo, Hee-Dong,Yang, Gi-Hyeok,Jung, Hyun-Ho,Jeong, Tae-Cheon 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.1

Single and 28-day repeated dose toxicity studies of botulimnn toxin type A were carried out in ICR mice and Sprague-Dawley rats, respectively. In the single dose toxicity study, botulinwn toxin was injected intraperitoneally to male and female mice at a single dose of 40, 59, 89 133 and 200 ng/10 ml saline/kg. All animals died from 59 ng/kg group. Some clinical signs, such as decrease in locomotor activity, dyspnea, prone position and ptosis, were observed in most of both sexes from 59 ng/kg group, but no signs were seen in all animals at 40 ng/kg group. The results showed that the median lethal dose of botulinum toxin might be in the range of 40-59 ng/kg in both sexes. In the repeated dose toxicity study, the test material was administered intradermally for 28 days at doses of 0 (vehicle-treated control), 1.25, 2.5, 5.0 and $10.0ng/head/50{\mu}{\ell}$ saline in male and female rats. No test material-related changes were noted in survivals, clinical signs, food and water consumptions and gross finding in any group. Botulinum toxin treatment significantly decreased the body weight gain rate in male of 5.0 ng/head group and over and in female of 10.0 ng/head group compared to vehicle-treated control. One or more relative organ weights (i.e., spleen, thymus, liver and kidney) were increased significantly from 5.0 ng/head group compared to vehicle-treated control in both sexes. Serum biochemistry revealed increases in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine phosphokinase, total protein and albumin in male, and increases in AST and ALT and decreases in $K^+$ and $Cl^-$ in female without dose-pendent manners. In the histopathological study, physical stimulation by needle caused slight inflammations of dennis. In addition, botulinum toxin treatment induced denervation of nerve cell and disuse of muscle, resulting in atrophy of skeletal muscle in both sexes from 2.5 ng/head group. When the antibodies to toxin were determined in all animals, a significant increase in serum antibodies was observed from 5.0 ng/head group. The results showed that the NOAEL of botulinum toxin might be 1.25 ng/head for 28-day repeated dose toxicity in rats.

연구논문 : 생명과학 ; 다환 방향족 탄화수소류가 마우스 간 및 폐 약물대사효소에 미치는 영향

김지영 ( Ji Young Kim ),이상규 ( Sang Kyu Lee ),김춘화 ( Chun Hwa Kim ),전태원 ( Tae Won Jeon ),문창규 ( Chang Kiu Moon ),이혜숙 ( Hye Sook Lee ),유선동 ( Sun Dong Yoo ),이응석 ( Eung Seok Lee ),정태천 ( Tae Cheon Jeong ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2003 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.13 No.-

일부 공공 및 학교시설에서의 석면 분포특성 조사

노영만(Young-Man Roh),박화미(Wha Me Park),이철민(Choel Min Lee),김윤신(Yoon Shin Kim),이상운(Sang Woon Lee),석미희(Mi Hee Suk),정춘화(Chun Hwa Jeong) 한국실내환경학회 2007 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.4 No.3·4

This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of asbestos distribution in 6 public and 6 school buildings from August to September in 2006. The bulk samples were analysed by PLM(polarized light microscope). Also the airborne samples were analysed PCM(phase contrast microscope) and confirmed by SEM-EDX(scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive using X-ray analysis) method. The 6 public buildings included the ACM(asbestos containing material) ranged 2-7 % of chrysotile in 70 % of samples from ceiling, floor tile, and wall board and has 20 % tremolite in 2 ceiling plaster. The 6 school buildings were identified 1.5 % tremolite in one sample and showed the similar asbestos distribution with the public building. The airborne concentrations of fiber materials were ranged with 0.000-0.017 f/cc in public places and 0.000-0.012 f/cc in school building by PCM. However, the asbestos fibers could not be found by SEM-EDX. In the result of physical assessment of ACM in each buildings, it is considered that there is no chance of a hazardous situation because the ACM is not friable. Its suggested that the asbestos control plan should be established to prevent asbestos exposure to occupants from damaged ACM by repairing and custodial work.

일부 초등학교 교실의 실내공기오염물질 분포 조사에 관한 연구

노영만(Young-Man Roh),김종철(Jong Cheol Kim),이철민(Cheol Min Lee),김윤신(Yoon Shin Kim),하미나(Mina Ha),권호장(Ho-Jang Kwon),정춘화(Chun Hwa Jeong),백종민(Jong-Min Paik),권영규(Young Gyu Kwon) 한국실내환경학회 2007 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.4 No.3·4

This study was surveyed to evaluate and recognize the distribution characteristics of indoor air pollutants(IAPs) such as the total volatile organic compounds(VOCs), formaldehyde(HCHO), PM10, carbon dioxide(CO₂), nitrogen dioxide(NO₂), ozone(O₃) and radon in 10 elementary schools located in urban, rural, and industrial complex area from November 2005 to February 2006. The average concentration of IAPs were 117.9㎍/㎥ as in PM10, 1,971ppm as in CO₂, 486.6㎍/㎥ as in TVOC. These chemical"s concentration was exceeded the indoor air standards of the Department of Education in Korea. The indoor concentrations of ozone and toluene was lower than that of outdoor and other pollutants showed the opposite tendency. In schools located industrial complex area, the outdoor concentration of TVOC was higher than that of urban and rural area. Based on the results above, PM10, CO₂, TVOC have to be in the order of priority to improve the indoor environment in school. Also it should be performed in the detailed survey considered by the seasonal variation because this study showed cross-sectional results.

랫드 일차 배양 간세포에서 에탄올의 독성에 대한 헛개나무 물추출물의 보호효과

김종호 ( Jong Ho Kim ),서영민 ( Young Min Seo ),김주현 ( Ju Hyun Kim ),현선희 ( Sun Hee Hyun ),이상규 ( Sang Kyu Lee ),김춘화 ( Chun Hwa Kim ),강미정 ( Mi Jeong Kang ),전태원 ( Tae Won Jeon ),윤수홍 ( Soo Hong Yoon ),정태천 ( Tae 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2008 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.18 No.-

단순반복 작업자의 작업대 및 의자의 형태와 누적외상성질환 증상과의 관계

정현기,노영만,임현우,박정일,정춘화 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

목적 : 단순반복작업 생산직 근로자의 누적외상성질환에 대한 사업주의 건강관리규정 준수상태 및 근로자의 자각증상호소와 의자 및 작업대의 형태를 파악하고 크기를 측정하여 이들과 누적외상성질환 자각증상호소와의 관련요인을 알아보고 대책을 제공하고자 한다. 방법 : 서울 및 경기지역 일부 100인 미만 사업장중 전기, 전자부품 제조업체 7개를 선정하여 생산직 근로자 77명을 대상으로 누적외상성질환에 대한 사업주의 건강관리규정 준수상태와 및 근로자의 자각증상호소에 대한 설문조사를 실시하고 의자와 작업대의 크기를 측정하고 증상과의 관련요인을 알아보기 위하여 로지스틱회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과 : 의자와 작업대가 작업자세에 영향을 준다고 인식하는 작업자는 85.7 %이였으며 단순반복작업 근로자 작업관리지침에 의한 사업주의 근로자에 대한 관심은 매우 낮았다. 누적외상성질환 자각증상 호소율은 63.6 %이였으며 자각증상 부위는 어깨 37.9%, 목 15.2 %, 등 6.1 %, 팔/팔꿈치 4.6 % 순이였다. 입사 후 초기발생시기는 평균 16.5개월이며 자각증상 호소는 작업대 두께, 작업대높이, 작업대 밑무릎공간, 등받이 높이, 좌석면 높이, 좌석면의 앞뒤길이, 좌석면의 좌우길이, 작업대끝에서 어깨까지의 거리에서 유의한 관련이 있었다. 자각증상호소의 관련요인은 등받이 높이, 좌석면의 높이, 좌석면의 앞뒤길이 이였다. 결 론 : 이상의 결과로 보아 정부는 단순반복작업 작업자의 누적외상성질환 예방을 위하여 사업주에 대 한 철저한 교육 및 관리감독을 해야한다. 사업주는 작업대 및 의자를 작업자의 신체치수와 작업내용에 맞게 높이를 조절할 수 있는 제품을 사용하고 작업전, 후에 정기적인 건강체조 및 휴식을 갖도록 하며 근로자에 대한 실질적인 보건교육이 이루어져야 한다. Objectives : The main purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) and the types of workstation and chair in workers with repetitive motion tasks. Methods : The study subjects were 77 repetitive motion tasks workers at small manufacturing industries in Seoul and Gyung-gi district area. A questionnaire was used to obtain about health practice for prevention and prevalence of CTDs by worker. The type of Workstations and chairs in workers were measured and analyzed with prevalence of CTDs by logistic regression. Results : Eighty-six percent of workers recognized that work posture was related to workstation and chair, Most employers and employees didn't follow the work practice guidelines for workers with repetitive motion tasks. The prevalence of CTDs was 64% by questionnaire. The prevalence of pain in shoulder, neck, back, and arm were 38%, 15%, 6%, and 5%, respectively, and the pain started after working an average duration of 16.5 months. The CTDs symptoms were significantly related to thickness of workstation, height of workstation, length of knee depth under workstation, height of back rest, height of seat pan, depth of sitting surface, width of sitting surface, and length from workstation surface edge to shoulder. By multiple regression analysis of each risk factor, prevalence of CTDs was highly correlated with height of back rest, height of seat pan, and depth of sitting surface. Conclusions : This study suggests that workstations should be made adjustable for height and chairs should be equipped with seat pan height control, enough sitting surface for depth and width, back rest height and angle control. The workers should use the right working postures, exorcise for health, occupational health education, and rest breaks and the manager of company should be educated for the preventing of CTDs.

일부 소방공무원의 음주와 직무스트레스와의 관련성

강경화,이강숙,김석일,맹광호,홍현숙,정춘화 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.4

목적 : 소방공무원의 음주량과 직종별 직무 스트레스에 대해 알아보고 보다 나은 스트레스 관리방안과 문제성 음주예방을 위한 프로그램을 모색하기 위해 시도되었다. 대상 : 2000년 7월부터 8월까지 소방공무원 중 구조대원 97명, 구급대원 97명, 화재진압대원 179명,행정대원 116명, 기타대원 49명을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 수집된 자료를 분석하였다. 결과 : 소방공무원은 모든 직종에서 승진 및 임금제도의 스트레스 요인 점수가 가장 높았다. 직종별로 직무 내적 요인, 조직에서의 역할, 대인관계, 조직과 풍토, 직장환경과 스트레스 결과 점수에 있어 유의한 차이를 보였다 과음 주자인 경우 직무 내적요인, 직무 스트레스 수준, 개인적 특성, 대처방식의 점수가 높았으나 유의하지 알았다. 음주량은 직무내적 요인 중 업무 피드백과 음의 관련성을, 직무 스트레스 요인 중 역할 갈등은 음주량을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 소방공무원의 가장 높은 직무 스트레스 요인으로는 승진 및 임금제도인 것으로 나타났다. 음주량은 역할 갈등과 같은 직무 스트레스 요인과 관련이 있었으며, 향후 전향적인 음주행태조사를 통해 직무 스트레스 요인이 음주에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 연구가 필요하다고 생각된다. 따라서 본 연구결과를 기초로 소방공무원의 직무 스트레스 요인에 대한 적절한 관리와 정책이 필요한 것으로 사료된다. Objectives : To establish the relationship between alcohol use and job stress among firemen, and to develop a comprehensive health promotion program including stress management and the prevention of problem drinking. Methods : Data was collected from July to August, 2000. Study subjects included 97 rescue workers, 97 emergency medical personnel, 179 fire extinguishers, 116 administrators and 49 others. Results : The firemen displayed higher scores of stress due to promotion-related pres-sures and salary. We found significant differences in job internal factors, job role, inter-personal relationship, organizational norm, work environment and stress outcome among the various jobs. Job internal factors, job stress factors, personal characteristics, coping skills, and stress outcome were higher in heavy drinkers compared with the light and moderate drinkers. Job internal factors and smoking habit showed a positive correlation with the amount of drinking, although coping skill, exercise frequency and monthly income showed a negative relation with the amount consumed. Conclusion : This study suggested that alcohol drinking is associated with job stress. This suggests that a comprehensive health promotion program including stress management and problem drinking prevention and control should be developed.