10 V 이하의 프로그래밍 전압을 갖는 Ta2O5/SiO2 로 구성된 안티휴즈 소자

이재성,오세철,류창명,이용수,이용현 ( Jae Sung Lee,Seh Chul Oh,Chang Myung Ryu,Yong Soo Lee,Yong Hyun Lee ) 한국센서학회 1995 센서학회지 Vol.4 No.3

This paper presents the fabrication of ametal-insulator-metal(MIM) antifuse structure consisting of insulators sandwiched between top electrode, Al, and bottom electrode, TiW and additionally studies on antifuse properties depending on the condition of insulator. The intermetallic insulators, prepared by means of sputter, comprised of silicon oxide and tantalum oxide. In such an antifuse structure, silicon oxide layer is utilized to decrease the leakage current and tantalum oxide layer, of which the dielectric strength is lower than that of silicon oxide, is also utilized to lower the breakdown voltage near 10V. Finally sufficient low leakage current, below InA, and low programming voltage, about 9V; could be obtained in antifuse device comprising Al/Ta₂O₃(10nm)/SiO₂=(10nm)/TiW structure and OFF resistance of 3.65㏁ and ON resistance of 7.26Ω could be also obtained. This Ta₂O₃/ SiO₂= based antifuse structures will be promising for highly reliable programmable device.

해상 어류가두리양식장의 환경영향 평가: II. 가두리 양식장 퇴적물의 산소-황화수소 경계면에서 황화수소의 산화율 및 무산소 퇴적층에서 황산염 환원율 추정

이재성,김기현,유준,이필용,정래홍,이원찬,한정희,이용화,Lee, Jae-Seong,Kim, Kee-Hyun,Yu, Jun,Lee, Pil-Yong,Jung, Rae-Hong,Lee, Wong-Chan,Han, Jung-Jee,Lee, Yong-Hwa 한국해양학회 2004 바다 Vol.9 No.2

We measured the vertical profiles of $O_2$, H$_2$S, and pH in sediment pore water beneath marine cage fish farms using a microsensor with a 25 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ sensor tip size. The sediments are characterized by high organic material load. The oxygen consumption, hydrogen sulfide oxidation, and sulfate reduction rates in the microzonations (derived from the vertical distribution of chemical species concentration) were estimated by adapting a simple one-dimensional diffusion-reaction model. The oxygen penetration depth was 0.75 mm. The oxic microzonations were divided into upper and lower layers. Due to hydrogen sulfide oxidation within the oxic zone, the oxygen consumption rate was higher in the lower layer. The total oxygen consumption rate integrated with reaction zone depth was estimated to be 0.092 $\mu$mol $O_2$cm$^{-2}$ hr$^{-1}$ . The total hydrogen sulfide oxidation rate occurring within 0.7 mm thickness was estimated to be 0.030 $\mu$mo1 H$_2$S cm$^{-2}$ hr$^{-1}$ , and its turnover time in the oxic sediment layer was estimated to be about 2 minutes. This suggests that hydrogen sulfide was oxidized by both chemical and microbial processes in this zone. The molar consumption ratio, calculated to be 0.84, indicates that either other electron accepters exit on hydrogen sulfide oxidation, or elemental sulfur precipitation occurs near the $O_2$- H$_2$S interface. Total sulfate reduction flux was estimated to be 0.029 $\mu$mol cm$^{-2}$ hr$^{-1}$ , which accounted for more than 60% of total $O_2$ consumption flux. This result implied that the degradation of organic matter in the anoxic layer was larger than in the oxic layer. 유기물이 많이 유입되는 해상어류가두리 양식장 퇴적물에서 전극 크기가 25$mu extrm{m}$인 미세전극을 이용하여 공극수의 산소, 황화수소, pH의 미세연직 농도를 측정하였다. 산소와 황화수소의 연직분포에서 얻어진 미세구간에 1차 확산ㆍ반응모델을 적용하여 각 구간에서의 산소 소모율, 황화수소 산화율, 황산염의 환원율을 추정하였다. 산소투과깊이는 0.75 mm였으며, 미세구간은 상부와 하부층 2개로 나누어졌다. 산소소모는 황화수소의 산화 영향으로 상부층에 비해 하부층에서 높았고 총산소소모플럭스는 0.092 $\mu$mol $O_2$$cm^{-2}$ $hr^{-1}$였다. 산화층에서 황화수소 산화는 0.7 mm 두께에서 0.030$\mu$mo1 H$_2$S $cm^{-2}$ $hr^{-1}$의 결과를 나타냈으며, 이 곳에서 황화수소의 turnover time은 약 2분으로 화학적 산화와 생물학적 산화가 동시에 일어나고 있었다. 황화수소와 산소의 소모율 비는 0.84로 황화수소 산화에 산소 이외의 다른 전자수용체가 사용되거나 산소-황화수소 경계면 주변에서 황 침전의 가능성을 시사하고 있었다. 추정된 총 황산염 환원 플럭스는 0.029$\mu$mol $cm^{-2}$ $hr^{-1}$로서 총산소소모플럭스의 60% 이상을 차지하고 있어 무산소 환경에서 유기물 분해가 산화환경에서보다 큰 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다.

허실변증(虛實辨證)과 가미청상보하탕(加味淸上補下湯)의 임상효과

이재성,정승연,이건영,이경기,정희재,이형구,정승기,최준용,Lee, Jae-Sung,Jeong, Seung-Yeon,Lee, Kun-Young,Lee, Kyung-Ki,Jung, Hee-Jae,Rhee, Hyung-Koo,Jung, Sung-Ki,Choi, Jun-Yong 대한한방내과학회 2004 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.25 No.3

Objectives: The aim was to compare and analyse the clinical effects between excess syndrome and deficiency syndrome in asthmatics through treatment with herbal dicoction, Gamichuongsangboha-tang. Materials and Methods: The subjects consisted of 30 patients with asthma and were treated with Gamichuongsangbohatang for four weeks. All patients were divided into three groups as Excess Syndrome Group(ESG), Deficiency Syndrome Group(DSG) and Coexistence Syndrome Group(CSG). PHs were checked before and 4 weeks after treatments, and QLQAKAs were checked three times; before treatments, 2 and 4 weeks after treatments. The results of QLQAKA and PH were compared and analysed between ESG, DSG and CSG. Results: Treatment of Gamichuongsangboha-tang resulted in a significant increase of QLQAKA during the first two weeks in DSG and during the last two weeks in ESG. FEV1% and PEFR% significantly increased in both DSG and ESG. There were no significanctly changes of QLQAKA and PH in CSG. Conclusions: Observations suggest that asthma in DSG was more immediately and effectively managed through treatment with Gamichuongsangboha-tang than in ESG and CSG in ease of breading and pulmonary function.

Becoming Other, Becoming Imperceptible : A Philosophical Reading of A Gesture Life

Lee Jae-Seong(이재성) 새한영어영문학회 2010 새한영어영문학 Vol.52 No.4

This paper explores Chang-rae Lee’s A Gesture Life mainly from the perspective of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari’s postmodern ethics. Also employed are the ideas of Emmanuel Levinas’s most profoundly ethical insight and Buddhist-Taoist thought, which shows how we can directly access to the fundamental self by abandoning egotism. The protagonist Hata’s spiritual journey and the aesthetic experience of the reader are both processes of “becoming other,” or “becoming imperceptible,” which is fundamentally an operation of pure difference in the self and thus which is becoming what is other than the self, the outside of the subjectivity. The reader’s becoming other is possible through affects or the sensible as such, through which the reader comes to glimpse the outside of both her comprehension of the story and her fundamentally egotistic subjectivity. “Body without Organs” is the result of the becoming process through which the reader is drawn close to the point of no-self. Therefore, this paper is an essentially philosophical reading of A Gesture Life.

${H_2}^{15}O$ PET을 이용한 뇌혈류 파라메트릭 영상 구성을 위한 알고리즘 비교

이재성,이동수,박광석,정준기,이명철,Lee, Jae-Sung,Lee, Dong-Soo,Park, Kwang-Suk,Chung, June-Key,Lee, Myung-Chul 대한핵의학회 2003 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.37 No.5

목적: ${H_2}^{15}O$ PET의 정량화를 위하여 1-조직 구획모델이 쓰이며, 뇌혈류와 조직/혈액 분배계수를 구하기 위하여 nonlinear least squares (NLS) 방법이 사용되나 계산 시간이 긴 등의 문제로 파라미터를 각화소마다 구해야 하는 파라메트릭 영상 구성에는 적합하지 않다. 이 연구에서는 이와 같은 NLS 문제점을 극복하여 파라메트릭 영상을 빠르게 구성하기 위하여 제안된 파라미터 추정 알고리즘들을 구현하고, 이 방법들의 통계적 신뢰도와 계산의 효율성을 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법: 이 연구에서 이용한 방법들은 linear least squares (LLS), linear weighted least squares (LWLS), linear generalized least squares (GLS), linear generalized weighted least squares (GWLS), weighted integration (WI), 그리고 model-based clustering method (CAKS)이다. 노이즈 정도에 따른 각 파라메트릭 영상법의 정확성 및 통계적 신뢰성을 알아보기 위하여 Zubal 뇌모형(brain phantom)으로부터 동적 PET 영상을 모사하고 포아송노이즈를 더한 후 각 파라메트릭 영상 구성 방법을 적용하였다. 또한 정상인 16명에 대하여 얻은 실제 자료에 대하여 이 방법들을 적용하고 결과를 비교하였다. 결과: 뇌혈류와 분배계수에 대한 평균 오차는 방법에 따라 크게 다르지 않았으며 모든 방법이 뇌혈류 및 분배계수 추정에 있어 무시할 만한 바이어스를 보였다. 파라메트릭 영상의 정성적 특성 또한 유사하였으나 CAKS 방법의 계산 속도가 월등하여 NLS 방법의 약 1/500, LLS 방법의 약 1/25의 계산시간을 보였다. 결론: 뇌혈류 파라메트릭 영상 구성을 위한 빠른 파라미터 추정 알고리즘들 중에 보다 개선되어 제안된 LWS, GLS, GLWS, CAKS 방법들이 단순하고 빠른 LLS, WI 방법들에 비하여 통계적 신뢰성을 크게 향상시키지는 못하나 CAKS 방법은 계산 시간을 유의하게 단축시키므로 가장 적합한 파라메트릭 영상 구성방법이라 할 수 있을 것이다. Purpose: To obtain regional blood flow and tissue-blood partition coefficient with time-activity curves from ${H_2}^{15}O$ PET, fitting of some parameters in the Kety model is conventionally accomplished by nonlinear least squares (NLS) analysis. However, NLS requires considerable compuation time then is impractical for pixel-by-pixel analysis to generate parametric images of these parameters. In this study, we investigated several fast parameter estimation methods for the parametric image generation and compared their statistical reliability and computational efficiency. Materials and Methods: These methods included linear least squres (LLS), linear weighted least squares (LWLS), linear generalized least squares (GLS), linear generalized weighted least squares (GWLS), weighted Integration (WI), and model-based clustering method (CAKS). ${H_2}^{15}O$ dynamic brain PET with Poisson noise component was simulated using numerical Zubal brain phantom. Error and bias in the estimation of rCBF and partition coefficient, and computation time in various noise environments was estimated and compared. In audition, parametric images from ${H_2}^{15}O$ dynamic brain PET data peformed on 16 healthy volunteers under various physiological conditions was compared to examine the utility of these methods for real human data. Results: These fast algorithms produced parametric images with similar image qualify and statistical reliability. When CAKS and LLS methods were used combinedly, computation time was significantly reduced and less than 30 seconds for $128{\times}128{\times}46$ images on Pentium III processor. Conclusion: Parametric images of rCBF and partition coefficient with good statistical properties can be generated with short computation time which is acceptable in clinical situation.

H2 15O 양전자단층촬영술을 이용한 뇌기능 지도 작성 ( II ) - 작업 기억의 지도 작성

이재성,이동수,이상건,남현우,김석기,박광석,정재민,정준기,이명철 ( Jae Sung Lee,Dong Soo Lee,Sang Kun Lee,Hyun Woo Nam,Seok Ki Kim,Kwang Suk Park,Jae Min Jeong,June Key Chung,Myung Chul Lee ) 대한핵의학회 1998 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.32 No.3

Purpose: To localize and compare the neural basis of verbal and visual human working memory, we erforrned functional activation study using H2O PET. Materials and MethoDs: Repeated H213O PET scans with one control and three different activation tasks were performed on six right-handed narmal volunteers. Each activation task was composed of 13 matching trials. On each trial, four targets, a fixation dot and a probe were presented sequentially and subjects task was to press a response button to indicate whether or nat the probe was one of the previous targets. Short meaningful Korean words, simple drawings and monochromic pictures of human faces were used as matching objects for verbal or visual memory. All the images were spatially normalized and the differences between control and activation states were statistically analyzed using SPM96. Results: Statistical analysis of verbal memory activation with short words showed activation in the left Broca's area, premotor cortex, cerebellum and right cingulate gyrus. In verbal memory with simple drawings, activation was shown in the larger regions including where activated with short words and left superior temporal cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, prefrontal cortex, anterior portion of right superior temporal gyrus and right infero-lateral frontal cortex. On the other hand, the visual memory task activated predominantly right-sided structures, especially inferior frontal cortex, supplementary motor cortex and superior parietal cortex. Conclusion: The results are :consistent with the hypothesis of the laterality and dissociation of the verbal and visual workmg memory from the invasive electrophysiological studies and emphasize the pivotal role of frontal cortex and cingulate gyrus in working memory system. (Korean J Nucl Med 1998;32:238-49)

水性가스 轉換反應觸媒의 流動化에 關하여

이재성,김영우,Lee, Chai-Sung,Kim, Yeong U. 대한화학회 1962 대한화학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The water gas shift conversion catalyst prepared by the American Cyanamide Co. was subjected to fluidization in a 2-in. Pyrex glass tube to obtain the basic fluidization characteristic data. The size of the catalyst charged ranged from 70 to 120 meshes and it was supported on a single layer 300-mesh wire gauze through which the fluidizing medium, the air, was passed. Following are some data and facts found by the authors: (1) The catalyst particles were porous, and their surfaces were trough and irregular. (2) The average effective particle density and the average shape factor of these particles were 152.2 lb/$ft^3$ and 0.865 respectively. (3) As the particle diameter of the catalyst increased, the minimum fluid voidage of the bed decreased slightly. (4) Just before the incipient fluidization, pressure drop suddenly fell and the bed expanded simultaneously. (5) After fluidization set in, the expansion characteristics of the catalyst bed were similar to those of sand and glass beads except intense bubbling in the catalyst bed.

MeSH 시소러스를 이용한 한영 교차언어 키워드 자동 부여

이재성,김미숙,오영순,이영성,Lee Jae-Sung,Kim Mi-Suk,Oh Yong-Soon,Lee Young-Sung 한국정보처리학회 2006 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.13 No.2

의학용 시소러스인 MeSH (Medical Subject Heading)는 영어 의학 논문 색인을 위한 통제어 시소러스로서 오랫동안 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 한국어 MeSH를 이용하여 한국어 의학 논문의 요약문에 자동으로 영문 MeSH 색인어를 부여하는 '교차언어 키워드 부여' 방법을 제안하고 색인 전문가 및 저자의 색인 효율과 비교한다. 이 색인어 부여 과정은 우선 한국어 MeSH 용어를 문장에서 인식하여 추출하고, 이 용어를 다시 영어 MeSH 용어로 바꾼 후, 용어의 중요도를 계산하여 상위의 용어를 색인어로 부여한다. 특히, 한국어 MeSH 용어 추출을 위해 효과적으로 띄어쓰기 변이를 처리할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다 실험 결과, 띄어쓰기 변이를 효과적으로 처리하여 한국어 MeSH의 크기를 약 42% 정도 줄였을 뿐만 아니라, 후보 색인어 추출의 효과도 높였다. 또 이 방법을 이용하여 색인어 자동 부여를 한 후, 색인 전문가 및 저자의 색인 결과를 비교한 결과, 이 자동 색인 방법이 전문가의 색인 능력보다는 부족했지만, 저자의 색인 능력과는 별 차이가 없음을 보였다. The medical thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Heading), has been used as a controlled vocabulary thesaurus for English medical paper indexing for a long time. In this paper, we propose an automatic cross language keyword assignment method, which assigns English MeSH index terms to the abstract of a Korean medical paper. We compare the performance with the indexing performance of human indexers and the authors. The procedure of index term assignment is that first extracting Korean MeSH terms from text, changing these terms into the corresponding English MeSH terms, and calculating the importance of the terms to find the highest rank terms as the keywords. For the process, an effective method to solve spacing variants problem is proposed. Experiment showed that the method solved the spacing variant problem and reduced the thesaurus space by about 42%. And the experiment also showed that the performance of automatic keyword assignment is much less than that of human indexers but is as good as that of authors.

Fischer-Tropsch 觸媒試驗裝置의 試作

이재성,고광국,Lee, Chai-Sung,Koh, Kwang-Gook 대한화학회 1961 대한화학회지 Vol.5 No.1

A small size Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst testing apparatus, designed for an operating pressure of 150 psig, was test fabricated from ordinary schedule 40 iron pipes. The operability of the apparatus was tested by charging the reactor tube with the Lurgi Fischer-Tropsch iron Catalyst and passing through it the water gas obtained by gasifying the Korean anthracite using steam and oxygen. With the kind of catalyst charged, the apparatus was proven to daily produce about 50c.c. of synthetic greasy product, water and water soluble compounds, by running at a temperature of $250^{\circ}C$ and at a space velocity of 180 volume of gas per volume of catalyst/hr. About 20 consecutive days of operation is claimed to be sufficient for gathering an enough amount of synthetic products for such ordinary tests as distillation analysis, density measurement, iodine value determination etc. This trial fabrication of apparatus may be the first case of its kind in Korea in that the work has been conducted out in much a pilot plant scheme rather than a routine laboratory way which depends on small glass ware apparatus.

한영 혼용문에서 괄호 안 대역어구의 자동 인식

이재성,서영훈,Lee, Jae-Sung,Seo, Young-Hoon 한국정보처리학회 2002 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.9 No.4

한영 혼용문에서 번역된 전문용어 등을 사용할 때, 이해를 돕기 위해 그 뒤의 괄호 안에 원어 풀이를 함께 쓰는 경우가 많다. 본 논문에서는 괄호가 사용된 구가 대역어구 관계인지를 판단하고, 어느 범위까지 대역어구인지를 기본사전을 이용하여 확률적으로 계산하고 인식하는 방법을 제시한다. 특히, 사전에 표제어로서 혹은 대역어로서 존재하지 않는 단어들을 처리하기 위해 음운유사도 일치, 대역어 부분일치의 방법과 복합어 처리를 위해 부분일치 방법을 새로 제안하였다. 각 방법들을 단계별로 실험하여 0.4F값$(\alpha$를 0.4로 설정한 F값)으로 측정한 결과, 기본 실험 방법인 사전 대역어 완전일치방법의 경우 23.8%인데 비해, 대역어 부분일치와 음운유사도 일치를 흔합한 방법이 75.9%, 복합어 처리를 추가한 방법이 77.3%의 값을 보여 성능이 최고 3.25배 향상되었다. In Korean-English mixed documents, translated technical words are usually used with the attached full words or original words enclosed with parenthesis. In this paper, a collective method is presented to recognize and extract the translation phrases with using a base translation dictionary. In order to process the unregistered title words and translation words in the dictionary, a phonetic similarity matching method, a translation partial matching method, and a compound word matching method are newly proposed. The experiment result of each method was measured in F-measure(the alpha is set to 0.4) ; exact matching of dictionary terms as a baseline method showed 23.8%, the hybrid method of translation partial matching and phonetic similarity matching 75.9%, and the compound word matching method including the hybrid method 77.3%, which is 3.25 times better than the baseline method.