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초내열합금분말에 의한 PTA 오버레이부의 연삭 마모 특성 연구
김영식,최영국,임창훈,김종도,Kim, Young-Sik,Choi, Young-Gook,Lim, Chang-Hoon,Kim, Jong-Do 대한용접접합학회 2009 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.27 No.3
The Plasma Transferred Arc (PTA) overlay welding method is lately introduced as one of the most useful surface overlay method of the engine component. In this paper, the overlay welding on the SNCrW heat resisting alloy was conducted by the PTA overlay welding process using the super alloy powder. The characteristics of the overlay layers were investigated through the metallurgical and abrasive test. Experimental results showed that the overlay on the SNCrW heat resisting alloy surface was successfully made without hot cracking. The friction wear characteristics of the Co-base Stellite 6 overlayer were most superior. However the abrasive wear characteristics were most inferior in the Co-base Stellite 6 overlayer.
레토르트 및 감마선 조사에 의한 화닭 덮밥 소스의 미생물 제어 효과 비교
김영식,김현주,윤요한,신명곤,김천제,신미혜,이주운,Kim, Young-Sik,Kim, Hyun-Joo,Yoon, Yo-Han,Shin, Myung-Gon,Kim, Cheon-Jei,Shin, Mee-Hye,Lee, Ju-Woon 한국축산식품학회 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.1
This study evaluated the antimicrobial effects of retort process and gamma irradiation on reduction of total bacterial populations in spicy chicken sauce, which is served on top of the steamed rice. Commercial spicy chicken sauce was treated with retort and gamma ray at 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 kGy. Total aerobic bacterial populations were then enumerated on plate count agar and isolated bacteria from the test samples were identified using PCR analysis. Moreover, gamma ray sensitivity of identified bacteria was evaluated by $D_{10}$ values, and genotoxicity of gamma-irradiated samples was examined. Gamma irradiation at 3 kGy reduced total aerobic bacterial cell counts in spicy chicken sauce below detection limit, but total aerobic bacterial cell counts in test samples treated with retort were 2.1 log CFU/g. Identified bacteria from the samples were Bacillus subtilis, B. amyloiquefaciense, and B. pumils, and the $D_{10}$ values for B. subtilis and B. cereus were 0.39 ($R^2\;=\;0.921$) and 0.28 log CFU/g ($R^2\;=\;0.904$), respectively. The SOS chromotest showed that the gamma-irradiated spicy chicken sauce did not cause mutagenicity. These results indicate that gamma irradiation of spicy chicken sauce could be useful in ensuring microbial safety.
가정의학과 외래 우울증환자에서 moclobemide의 안전성 및 유효성 평가를 위한 시판후조사
김영식,이근미,김병성,신호철,성은주,이상엽,문유선,송상욱,김철환,선우성,Kim, Young-Sik,Lee, Keun-Mi,Kim, Byung-Sung,Shin, Ho-Cheol,Sung, Eun-Ju,Lee, Sang-Yeoup,Moon, Yoo-Sun,Song, Sang-Wook,Kim, Cheol-Hwan,Sunwoo, Sung 대한임상약리학회 2002 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.10 No.1
Background : Depression is quite a common disease in primary care however, studies for the safety and effectiveness of antidepressants in primary care setting are rare in Korea. Objectives : This multi-centered post-marketing study was performed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Moclobemide and to find out the factors related to the adherence among patients with depression in family practice. Methods : A total of 386 patients were enrolled from July 1999 to January 2000 by twenty family doctors from fifteen family practice centers. They were prescribed Moclobemide and were reevaluated at the 4th, 8th, and l2th week. Evaluation of compliance, safety and effectiveness were performed with pre-made, structured self-reported questionnaires. Evaluation of effectiveness was also performed utilizing self-rating depression scale (SDS). Results : Among 386 patients, safety was evaluated in 310 patients and effectiveness was evaluated in 239 patients. During the first 12 weeks, the number of subjects continuing with Mocclobemide was 136(37.1%). 141 subjects (38.4%) discontinued taking the drug and 90 subjects (24.5%) dropped out at the 12th week. Considering drop-out patients as ineffective cases, overall effectiveness was estimated to be 84.5%. Symptoms improved with time in patients whose follow-up were completed (P<0.01). The SDS score decreased by an average of ${6.8{\pm}9.1(12.2{\pm}19.1%)}$ after 12 weeks(p<0.01). During the study, 33(10.6%) subjects reported adverse events. The most commonly reported adverse events, in descending order, were dizziness(2.3%), headache(1.6%), insomnia(1.3%), facial edema(1.3%), constipation(1.0%), nausea(1.0%) and tremor(1.0%). The main reasons for discontinuing antidepressants were attributed to improvement of symptoms and manifestation of adverse events. Conclusion : The percentage of adherence at 12th week of Moclobemire among patients suffering from depression in the family practice outpatient clinic was shown to be 49%. The antidepressant effect and safety of Moclobemide was relatively superior.
On the Rotational Barrier of Organic Molecules (I). Role of Axial Carbon in Ethane
김영식,김호징,Young Sik Kim,Hojing Kim Korean Chemical Society 1982 대한화학회지 Vol.26 No.3
에탄의 회전 장벽에 미치는 두개의 탄소 원자의 영향을 알아보기 위해 6개의 수소만으로 이루어진 탄소가 없는 에탄올 모델로 택하여 이 모델 분자의 Staggered 및 eclipsed꼴의 에너지를 McWeeny의 open-shell RHF-SCF방법으로 계산하고,staggred에서 eclipsed로 꼴이 변할때의 천이밀도를 조사 하였다. 예상대로 모델 분자에서는 ecliped꼴이 staggered꼴보다 안정하였다. 이 탄소없는 에탄의 천이 밀도와 실제 에탄의 천이 밀도를 비교 분석하여, 에탄의 회전 장벽은 중심축 위치에 있는 두개의 탄소 원자로 인해 staggered에서 eclipsed꼴로 변함에 따라 수소 원자 주위의 전자 밀도가 희석되고, 탄소 원자 주위와 탄소-탄소 결합 공간으로 끌리므로 해서, 전자 에너지 감소가 핵간 반발 에너지의 증가를 상쇄하지 못하는데 기인한다는 것을 알게 되었다. In order to analyze the role of axial carbon atoms in rotational barrier of ethane, we take the carbonless ethane, as a model, which is made of six hydrogens in coordinates of ethane. The energy of the system is calculated by McWeeny's open-shell restricted Hartree-Foch selfconsistent-field (RHF-SCF) method, and the transition density on the staggered-to-eclipsed rotation is examined. As being expected, the eclipsed form of the model is more stable than the staggered one. Through the transition density comparison of this model and real ethane, it is found that the existence of the axial carbon atoms induces the electronic density to be diluted in the vicinity of protonic sites and to be attracted to the region of carbon atoms or further to C-C bond region as the barrier is traversed. This migration of electronic charge tell us that the barrier to the internal rotation of ethane originates from the fact that the magnitude of electronic energy depression is not large enough to offset the increased nuclear-nuclear repulsion on the staggered-to-eclipsed rotation.
플라즈마 표면 처리가 $BaTa_2O_6$박막의 전기적 특성에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구
김영식,이윤희,주병권,성만영,오명환,Kim, Young-Sik,Lee, Yun-Hi,Ju, Byeong-Kwon,Sung, Mang-Young,Oh, Myung-Hwan 대한전기학회 1999 전기학회논문지C Vol.48 No.5
Direct current(d.c.)leakage current voltage characteristics of radio-frequencymagnetron sputtered BaTa\sub 2\O\sub 6\ film capacitors with aluminum(A1) top and indium tin oxide (ITO) bottom electrodes have been investigatedas a function of applied field and temperature. In order to study surfacetreatment effect on the electrical characteristics of as-deposited film weperformed exposure of oxygen plasma on $BaTa_2O_6$ surface. d. c.current-voltage (I-V), bipolar pulse charge-voltage (Q-V), d. c. current-time (I-t) andcapacitance-frequency (C-f) analysis were performed on films. All ofthe films exhibita low leakage current, a high breakdown field strength (3MV/cm-4.5MV/cm), and high dielectric constant (20-30). From the temperature dependence of leakage current,we can conclude that the dominant conduction mechanism is ascribed toSchottky emission at high electric field (>1MV/cm) and hopping conduction at lowelectric field (<1MV/cm). According to our results, the oxide plasma surfacetreatmenton as-deposited $BaTa_2O_6$ resulted in lowering interfacebarrier height and thus, leakage current when a negative voltage applied to the A1 electrode. This can be explained by reduction of surface contamination via etching surface and filling defects such as oxygen vacancies.
김영식,정정수,노종선,정하봉,김경아,Kim Young-Sik,Chung Jung-Soo,No Jong-Seon,Chung Habong,Kim Kyung-ah 한국통신학회 2005 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.30 No.8C
이 논문에서는 Sidel`nikoc 수열의 자기상관 분포, 다시 말해 자기상관 함수 각각의 값들의 발생 회수를 유도하였다. M-진 Sidel`nikov 수열의 각각의 상관 값들의 발생 회수는 M차의 원분수를 이용하서 표현된다. 또한 서로 다른 자기 상관 값들의 총 개수는 알파벳 크기 M뿐만 아니라 수열의 주기에도 의존하지만 언제나 ($\frac{M}{2}$)+1보다 작거나 같다는 사실을 보였다. In this paper, we derived the autocorrelation distributions, i.e., the values and the number of occurrences of each value of the autocorrelation function of Sidel'nikov sequences. The frequency of each autocorrelation value of an M-ary Sidel'nikov sequence is expressed in terms of the cyclotomic numbers of order M. It is also pointed out that the total number of distinct autocorrelation values is dependent not oかy on M but also on the sequence, but always less than or equal to ($\frac{M}{2}$)+1.
유연한 LCZ와 집합 크기를 갖는 새로운 이진 LCZ 수열 집합의 생성
김영식,장지웅,노종선,정하봉,Kim, Young-Sik,Jang, Ji-Woong,No, Jong-Seon,Chung, Ha-Bong 한국통신학회 2007 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.32 No.3C
이 논문에서는 파라미터 $(2^{n+1}-2,M,L,2)$를 갖는 새로운 낮은 상관 구역 수열을 생성한다. 이 방식에서는 자유롭게 낮은 상관 구간의 길이 L을 선택할 수 있으며, 이에 따라서 집합의 크기 M이 결정이 된다. 그리고 이 생성방식을 사용하게 되면 선택된 낮은 상관 구간의 길이 L과 집합의 크기 M이 Tang, Fan, 그리고 Matsufuji 한계를 기준으로 최적에 가까운 집합을 생성할 수가 있다. In this paper, we construct new LCZ sequence sets with parameters $(2^{n+1}-2,M,L,2)$. In this scheme, we can relatively freely choose the LCZ length L and the resulting LCZ sequence set has the size in which is nearly optimal with respect to Tang, Fan, and Matsufuji bound.
김영식,Kim Young-Sik 한국환경보건학회 2004 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.30 No.5
In this study, lots of methods have been studing to utilize energy and decrease contaminated effluents. There has been great progress on IGCC (Integrated gasification combined cycle) to reduce thermal energy losses. The following results have been conducted from desulfurization experiments using waste shell to remove $H_{2}S$. Unreacted core model ior desulfuriration rate prediction of sorbent was indicated. These were linear relationship between time and conversion. So co-current diffusion resistance was conducted reaction rate controlling step. The sulfidation rate is likely to be controlled primarily by countercurrent diffusion through the product layer of calcium sulfide(CaS) formed. Maximum desulfurization capacity was observed at 0.631 mm for lime, oyster and hard-shelled mussel. The kinetics of the sorption of $H_{2}S$ by CaO is sensitive to the reaction temperature and particle size at $800^{\circ}C$, and the reaction rate of oyster was faster than the calcined limestone at $700^{\circ}C$.