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강석재,김시용,이재현,곽철정,이경민,Min Zhuo,강봉균 대한약리학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.5
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is known for its role in perception of nociceptive signals and the associated emotional responses. Recent optogenetic studies, involving modulation of neuronal activity in the ACC, show that the ACC can modulate mechanical hyperalgesia. In the present study, we used optogenetic techniques to selectively modulate excitatory pyramidal neurons and inhibitory interneurons in the ACC in a model of chronic inflammatory pain to assess their motivational effect in the conditioned place preference (CPP) test. Selective inhibition of pyramidal neurons induced preference during the CPP test, while activation of parvalbumin (PV)-specific neurons did not. Moreover, chemogenetic inhibition of the excitatory pyramidal neurons alleviated mechanical hyperalgesia, consistent with our previous result. Our results provide evidence for the analgesic effect of inhibition of ACC excitatory pyramidal neurons and a prospective treatment for chronic pain.
Secondary Amyloidosis Associated with Multiple Sclerosis
강석재,이주학,홍현석,장시형,박문향,김호중,이규용,한상웅,고성호,이영주 대한신경과학회 2009 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.5 No.3
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Secondary amyloidosis can occur as a complication of chronic systemic inflammatory and infectious diseases. Until now there has been no report of secondary amyloidosis associated with MS. We report herein a case of renal biopsy-proven secondary amyloidosis in a patient with MS. Case Report A 41-year-old woman with MS was hospitalized due to aggravated quadriparesis and edema in both lower extremities. Laboratory findings showed nephrotic-range proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. A percutaneous renal biopsy procedure was performed, the results of which revealed secondary amyloid-A-type amyloidosis associated with MS. Conclusions This is the first report of secondary amyloidosis associated with MS.
강석재,김명훈,김미금,위원량,이진학,정의상 대한안과학회 2013 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.27 No.2
Purpose: To investigate effects of a new push-through insertion method for donor lenticules using an injector system on endothelial viability ex vivo and in a clinical case series of endothelial keratoplasty. Methods: An ex vivo delivery model was used with porcine corneoscleral rims. We compared the endothelial viability in a new push-through insertion method using the Visian Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) injector versus that of standard forceps-assisted insertion for lenticule delivery. Twenty porcine corneal lenticules were divided into four groups by insertion method and wound size. Vital dye staining was performed and devitalized areas were semi-quantitatively assessed by digital imaging. In the clinical case series, Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) using the push-through method was performed in seven patients and endothelial outcome was determined six months postoperatively. Results: Mean devitalized areas for the push-through method were significantly lower than for forceps-assisted insertion through 3.2 mm incision (23.99 ± 2.17% vs. 50.48 ± 5.07%, p = 0.009) in the ex vivo model. Average endothelial cell counts of donor tissues of patients who underwent DSEK were 26.4% lower six months postoperatively. Conclusions: Push-through delivery of donor lenticules using the Visian ICL injector system appears to be less harmful to endothelial cells than conventional forceps-assisted delivery.
강석재,배춘식,김휘율,장경진,Kang, Suk-jae,Bae, Chun-sik,Kim, Hwi-yool,Chang, Kyung-jin 대한수의학회 1999 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.39 No.1
Digital color doppler ultrasonographic system(DCDUS) has a lot of diagnostic functions. One of these is a detection of low velocity vessels in the organs of abdominal cavity. The purpose of study was to determine the clinical usefulness of DCDUS. Interlobar artery resistive index(RI), pulsatility index(PI) and systolic diastolic ratio(SDr) were measured for diagnosis of obstructed urinary tract. RI, PI and SDr were a measure of intrarenal blood flow impedance. This study was consisted of 2 groups. The normal group was studied in 16 normal adult dogs and the study group was studied 7 dogs with surgically induced, unilateral ureteral obstruction. In the study group, parameters were checked in normal condition and on 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10th day after ligation. The result were summarized as follows. In the normal group, RI, PI and SDr of the left kidney was $0.65{\pm}0.04$, $1.25{\pm}0.12$ and $292.45{\pm}29.40$, respectively. RI, PI and SDr of the right kidney were $0.64{\pm}0.05$, $1.28{\pm}0.20$ and $282.25{\pm}37.26$, respectively. In the study group, RI of the left kidney induced ligation was increased significantly on 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10th day. RI of the left kidney on 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10th day were $0.75{\pm}0.05$, $0.71{\pm}0.03$, $0.74{\pm}0.04$, $0.74{\pm}0.02$, $0.73{\pm}0.02$ and $0.73{\pm}0.04$, respectively. PI of the left kidney was increased significantly on 1, 3, 5 and 7th day. PI of the left kidney on 1, 3, 5 and 7th day were $1.57{\pm}0.21$, $1.54{\pm}0.24$, $1.60{\pm}0.15$ and $1.60{\pm}0.26$, respectively. SDr of the left kidney increased significantly on 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7th day. SDr of the left kidney on 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7th day were $412.18{\pm}86.69$, $352.14{\pm}47.05$, $399.77{\pm}65.54$, $369.43{\pm}48.34$ and $365.57{\pm}22.46$, respectively(p<0.05). In the study group, RI of the left kidney was more increased than that of the right kidney on 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10th day. PI of the left kidney was more increased than that of the right kidney on 1, 3, 5, and 7th day. SDr of the left kidney was more increased than that of the right kidney on 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7th day(p<0.05). RI was effective in the diagnosis of an acute unilateral ureteral obstruction. PI and SDr were insufficient in the diagnosis of an acute unilateral ureteral obstruction.
AL-Scan;을 이용한 술 전 안구생체계측과 백내장 수술 후 굴절력 예측의 정확성
김성인,강석재,오태훈,최진석,백남호,Sung In Kim,Sug Jae Kang,Tae Hoon Oh,Jin Seok Choi,Nam Ho Baek 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.11
Purpose: To compare the axial lengths, anterior chamber depths, and keratometric measurements and to predict postoperative refractions of AL-Scan<sup>®, IOL master<sup>®, and ultrasound. Methods: A total of 40 eyes in 30 patients who received cataract surgery were included in the present study. The axial length, anterior chamber depth, and keratometry were measured by 2 types of partial coherence interferometry (AL-Scan<sup>®and IOL master<sup>®) and ultrasound. The SRK/T formula was used to calculate IOL power, and the predictive error which subtracts predictive refraction from postoperative refraction was compared among the ocular biometry devices. Results: Axial lengths were 23.08 ± 0.62 mm, 23.09 ± 0.62 mm, and 22.99 ± 0.62 mm measured by AL scan<sup>®, IOL master<sup>®, and ultrasound, respectively. Axial length measured by ultrasound was statistically significantly shorter than AL scan<sup>® and IOL master<sup>® (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). The anterior chamber depth and keratometry were 3.11 ± 0.06 mm and 44.82 ± 1.34 D measured by AL scan<sup>®, and 3.13 ± 0.06 mm and 44.85 ± 1.26 D measured by IOL master<sup>®, respectively. The differences of anterior chamber depth and keratometry between the 2 devices were not statistically significant (p = 0.226, p = 0.331, respectively). The mean absolute prediction errors were 0.44 ± 0.35 D, 0.40 ± 0.34 D, and 0.39 ± 0.30 D in AL-Scan<sup>®, IOL master<sup>® and ultrasound, respectively, and were not statistically significantly different (p = 0.843, p = 0.847, p = 1.000, respectively). Conclusions: The ocular biometric measurements and prediction of postoperative refraction using AL-Scan<sup>® were as accurate as IOL master<sup>® and ultrasound. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2013;54(11):1688-1693