정상 한국인에서 연령증가에 따른 혈장 Dehydroepiandrosteronesulfate ( DHEA-S ) 농도 및 DHEA - S / cortisol 비의 변화

박성우,유형준,임성희,최문기,유재명,박민숙,이권엽,박철수,김철홍,김현규,김두만,박규용 대한내분비학회 1997 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.12 No.2

Backgroud: DHEA-S is the most abundant steroid hormone in circulation, and primarily secreted from the adrenal cortex, but its physiological role is little known. One of the characteristic features of DHEA-S is progressive decrement of plasma DHEA-S level with advancing age, in contrast, plasma levels of other adrenal hormones are not chaging or littie decreasing. To grasp the trends of plasma DHEA-S level and DHEA-S/cortisol ratio by age in healthy Korean, we measured the plasma DHEA-S levels and DHEA-S/cortisol ratios in healthy Korean. Methods: Healthy Korean(men: 99, women: 102, age range: 15-97 year old)were studied. Subjects were not taking drugs(such as glucocorticoid or androgenic medication) or cigarettes known to modify the plasma level of DHEA-S and cortisol, and had no evidence of hepatic, renal disease or hyperlipidemia as determined by serum lipid, bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, BUN, creatinine. Data were analyzed by 10-year age group for men and women: i.e, 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40- 49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, 80-89 and 90 year or more. Plasma DHEA-S levels were measured by using a commercially available RIA kit with 125I labeled-DHEA-SO4(Coat-A Count DHEA-SO4), and for the measurement of plasma cortisol levels, commercial Gamma Coat TM[125I] Cortisol Radioimmunassay Kit was used. Results:. 1) In both men and women, plasma DHEA-S level showed high interindividual variation within the same age group. 2) There were individual sex differences in plasma levels of DHEA-S, in all age groups, plasma DHEA-S levels were significantly higher values for men than for women. 3) Maximum plasma DHEA-S levels(men; 237+-3.35 ug/dL, women; 108+-17.5 ug/dL) were at third decade in both men and women. 4) Both men and women showed the continuous decline in plasma DHEA-S level with age. These age-related decline was more prominent in men than in women(men; y= -3.152 * +292.6, r2= 0.8459, P$lt;0.05, women; y= -1.417 * +143.3, r2 = 0.7278, P$lt; 0.05). 5) As an index of aging, there was no stastical difference between DHEA-S and DHEA- S/cortisol ratio. Conclusion: In healthy Korean, there were high interindividual variation of plasrna DHEA-S levels. In both men and women plasma DHEA-S level was peak at third decade, and from when it declined progressively with age. These results suggest that although the reliability of single plasma DHEA-S measurement are limited, the decline of DHEA-S with advancing age might be a specific marker of endocrinologic hormonal milieu(aging index). Also, concerning to individual adrenal secreting capacity, we measured DHEA-S/cortisol ratio. But we did not found that plasma DHEA-S/cortisol ratio is superior to the plasma DHEA-S level as an aging index. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 12:245-254, 1997)

Presenting a new defamilization and familization framework for investigating the residualization of old‐age income security measures—The case study of Hong Kong

Yu Sam Wai Kam,Chau Ruby Chui Man,정민아 한국사회복지학회 2020 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.14 No.1

Familization and defamilization studies are increasingly seen as an important component of welfare research. They are concerned with the threats to the welfare of individuals caused by involuntary participation in the unwanted family relationship. Moreover, they address the idea that governments have the potential to reduce these threats through the provision of welfare measures. This article contributes to the familization and defamilizaion studies with the focus on the link between these studies and the studies of residualization strategies. It carries out three analytical tasks. The first is to present a new defamilization and familization framework. The second is to demonstrate the usefulness of this framework in analyzing the problem of employing the residualization strategies to reform the old-age income security system. Our focus is particularly on the insufficient sensitivity of these strategies to women's (and men's) diverse preferences relating to ways of organizing their family life. The third is to demonstrate the empirical significance of this framework. To meet this objective, we apply the framework to the investigation of two old-age income security measures in Hong Kong—the Mandatory Provident Fund and the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance scheme.

백색잡음을 갖는 다변수 시스템의 최적감소

유인웅,한만춘 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1982 논문집 Vol.14 No.2

In this research, the optimal reduction of linear multivariable systems with white noise are studied. Performance indices are minimized by gradient technique and optimally reduced systems are obtained by digitalcomputer simulation. By changing initial values, the original systems of the fifth order are reduced to the systems of the fourth, third and second order, while preserving the properties of the original systems, which are stable, controllable and observable. The mean-errors of the output response in steady state are 0.97%, 6.36% and 2.52% for the reduced systems of fourth, third and second order, respectively. Therefore, by preserving the initial value with dominant eigenvalue, high order systems can be reduced to desired low order systems by optimal reduction.

부산지역 일부 종합병원의 컴퓨터 단말기 작업을 하는 여성 원무업무종사자들에 있어서 누적외상성장애에 대한 조사

전만중,유병철,고광욱,이용환 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

registration system were organized, computerized, and simplified. Especially the workers for the hospital registration desk were almost used computer all the working time. Therefore we assessed cumulative trauma disorder of registration desk workers related to computer use of general hospital. Methods: 62 women computer users who worked for registration desk of general hospitals in Busan were assessed from March to August, 2007. The workers were checked general characteristics(age, educational level, and marital status), work related characteristics, and symptoms by self-administered questionnaires. Results: Significantly decreased prevalences for cumulative trauma disorder were observed for subjects who had more educational level, the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorder was 69.2% among high school graduates, 38.2% among junior college graduates, and 20.0% among college graduates. Significantly increased prevalences for cumulative trauma disorder were observed for subjects who had more duration of computer use, the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorder was 56.5% for those who had used computer for more than 8 hours, 32.1% for those who had used computer for 4-7 hours, and 27.3% for those who had used computer for less than 3 hours. And Significantly increased prevalences for cumulative trauma disorder were observed for subjects who had more maximun daily computer use time without break, the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorder was 66.7% for those who had used computer for more than 7 hours, 38.1% for those who had used computer for 3-6 hours, and 21.7% for those who had used computer for less than 2 hours. Multiple logistic regression showed that subjects who had more maximum daily computer use time without break was more likely to report patient. Conclusion: Therefore these findings suggest that preventive interventions on hospital registration desk worker related to computer use were needed

法人稅平準化 測定에 관한 硏究

權義晩,韓永熙,鄭柔錫 군산대학교 산업개발연구소 1997 産業開發硏究 Vol.16 No.-

This paper investigates the problems in the measurement regarding corporate income tax smoothing. Past studies generalyy based conclusions on the degree or frequency of apparent tax smoothing behavior identified among sample firms. This investigated two problems in the past studies. The first problem is that much of what appears as tax smoothing may occur "naturally" i.e., without any conscious intent by management to regulate fluctuations in its exemption codes. The second problem lies in the measurement ration of tax smoothing, which may overestimate the fluctuations is corporate income tax. In sum, this study proposed a general methods which taked the possibilities naturally tax smoothing by management and provided the method exactly to measure the smoothness.

수도 단간 수수형 도입품종에 대한 시비량 및 시비방법에 관한 연구

문태만,이유식 진주산업대학교 1970 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

본 시험포장이 사양토로써 질소의 유실이 많았다고 생각되나 단간수수형인 시라누이는 보통수준의 시비보다는 다비재배에서 그 수량이 나았고 질소비료 시비방법으로서는 기비 20%, 분열비 30%, 출수전 25일 20%, 출수전 18일 15%, 수전기 15%로 분시한 것이 가장 높은 수량을 나타내었다. 본 품종은 줄무늬 잎마름병 및 오갈병등의 바이러스병에 약하므로 이의 방제에 철저를 기할 것이며, 수수형 품종으로서 수수확보가 용이하므로 분얼비까지의 시비량을 가급적 억제하여 유효경비율을 높이고 추비중점으로 시비하여 등숙율을 높이면 성숙안전한 본도 남부 해안도서 지대에서는 증수될 것으로 기대된다. This experiment was conducted to clear the amount of fertilizer and techniques of fertilization for a newly introduced short stemed and numorous panicled variety "Siranuii". The results obtained in this experiment were as follows: Short-stemed and numorous panicled variety "Siranuii" showed fairy higher harvested yield under the condition of heavy fertili er application than common fertilization. Nitrogen application for "Siranuii" should be practiced mainly on split application as follows: 20%, 30%, 20%, 15%, 15% of the total nitrogen for the basal application, accelerate effective tillers and at 25 days before heading. 18 days before heading and top dressing for heavy panicle, respectively, since that method contributed to the highest yield. "Siranuii" becomes susceptible to leaf-sheath blight and dwarf disease. On the other hand, this variety may be induced many sufficient effective tillers with low nitrogen fertilizer application untill top dressing for accelerate tillers. Practicing low basal nitrogen application and heavy top dressing for good ripening of grains, "Siranuii" may be recommended as a highly yielding variety for the diseases, Islands of southern part in Kyung-nam province.

품질이 보증되는 객체지향 시스템 개발을 위한 ISO-15504(SPICE) 프로세스 연구

정유진,방상원,방만원 木浦大學校 工業技術硏究所 1998 工業技術硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

ISO Quality standards increase S/W operating efficiency with standardization and quality assessment. And OO programming technologies increase S/W operating efficiency with natural development methodology. We propose OMT process', that is combined with ISO-15504(SPICE) and OMT, framework and lifecycle and planning phase's task. OMT process will help S/W development more easy.

생쥐 2-세포기 수정란의 초급속동결

강만종,이철상,한용만,유대열,이경광 제주대학교 농과대학 제주도축산문제연구소 1991 畜産論叢 Vol.6 No.1

This study was carried out in order to investigate eggects of cryoprotectant concentration and equilibration time on survival of ultrarapidly frozen 2-cell mouse embryos Mouse 2-cell embryos. fol-lowing dehydration by exposure to DMSO and sucrose. were directly immersed into liquid nitrogen and thawed in 37℃ water. Viability was defined by development rate to the blastocyst stage after in vitro culture for 72 hours. The results are summarized as follows ; 1. When 0.25M of sucrose was added into the freezing medium a t various concentrations of DMSO and dilution medium, higher development rate of embryo was obtained in 3.0M DMSO conentrations (82.6%). However, When sucrose concentrations of 0.25 and 0.5M were added to the freezing medium with 3.0M DMSO and dilution medium, development rate of embryos were 81.7% and 24.1%, respectively. 2. In the equilibration time at room temperature, higher development rate was attained after short period of time(2.5min) in 3.0M DMSO +0.25M sucrose(85.9%). 3. The development rate of embryos at in vitro 2-celL in vivo 2-celL solution control and untreated control was 84.6%, 90.9%, 89.9%. and 89.7%. respectively.

전동식 니켈 티타늄 파일의 표면 결함 및 단면 형태가 반복응력 하에서 피로 파절에 미치는 영향

신유미,김의성,김광만,금기연 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.3

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of surface defects and cross-sectional configuration of NiTi rotary files on the fatigue life under cyclic loading. Three NiTi rotary files (K3^(TM), ProFile®, and HERO 642®) with #30/.04 taper were evaluated. Each rotary file was divided into 2 subgroups: control (no surface defects) and experimental group (artificial surface defects). A total of six groups of each 10 were tested. The NiTi rotary files were rotated at 300rpm using the apparatus which simulated curved canal (40 degree of curvature) until they fracture. The number of cycles to fracture was calculated and the fractured surfaces were observed with a scanning electron microscope. The data were analyzed statistically. The results showed that experimental groups with surface defects had lower number of cycles to fracture than control group but there was only a statistical significance between control and experimental group in the K3^(TM) (p〈0.05). There was no strong correlation between the cross-sectional configuration area and fracture resistance under experimental conditions. Several of fractured files demonstrated characteristic patterns of brittle fracture consistent with the propagation of pre-existing cracks. This data indicate that surface defects of NiTi rotary files may significantly decrease fatigue life and it may be one possible factor for early fracture of NiTi rotary files in clinical practice.

CGI 프로그램에서 클라이언트와 서버의 자동화된 상태정보 전달

최준용,유진호,장종표,방만원 木浦大學校 情報産業硏究所 1997 情報産業硏究誌 Vol.5 No.-

The HTTP Protocol composed of WWW's client/server model is unconnected and not keep state, so, there is one connection for one request. In this condition, it has no guarantee to memory which is needed in sequential processing, and HTTP Protocol has no choices to transfer the information from client to server's CGI or the information exchange. This paper uses the word 'key' instead of this 'state information'. We studied the key which creates automatically the HTML document for data search hierarchically in WWW environment and to confirm applied this to multimedia order and sale system of agricultural and marine products.