Impacts and Countermeasures of Climate Change on Food Supply

Kim Chang-gil,Jeong Hak-kyun,Han Suk-ho,Kim Jeong-seung,Moon Dong-hyun 한국농촌경제연구원 2013 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

Climate change has become a megatrend that will lead to significant changes in future society. Korean and overseas agencies specializing in climate forecasts predict that average global temperatures will continue to rise. While climate change may potentially have certain positive impacts for crop yields, the overall impact is predicted to be negative for environment and food security. In this context, our study aims to suggest a plan for systematically establishing a stable food supply system in Korea in respose to climate change. Various analytical models were employed, including: a response analysis based on questionnaire for farmers, panel-based analysis of the causes of pests and diseases in rice production, a random-effects model for panel data of extreme weather impact, and an analysis of food supply effects using the Simulation Model for Climate-Agriculture Relations (SIMCAR) integrated model in conjunction with the Crop Estimation through Resource and Environment Synthesis (CERES) model of the Korea Agricultural Simulation Model (KASMO). An analysis was made of major grain yields by means of the KREI-KASMO. This revealed reduced yields and area in comparison with the baseline in 2050, resulting in a reduction of rice production by 17.8%p in the RCP8.5 scenario, and reduction of soybean by 21.2%p and reduction of barley by 13.7%p in the A2 scenario. Self-sufficiency ratio of major grains in 2050 drawn from the SIMCAR revealed that the climate change scenario for rice showed 55.0% to be reduced by 18.3% in comparison with the baseline. It is predicted that selfsufficiency ratio in rice will drop to 50% which means a half of consumed rice should be imported. Key tasks for building a stable food supply system to cope with climate change were developed based on the domestic production capacity, the buffering capacity to climate change, import capacity from other countries, and policy performance capacity with reference to the empirical analysis. First, the suggested key tasks for improving the domestic production capacity include developing and disseminating adaptation technology, conserving farmland and expanding arable land, practicing climate-smart agriculture by using fusion technology, and modernizing infrastructure for agriculture. Second, key tasks for improving buffering capacity to climate change are improving resilience and biodiversity, building a risk management system, and further improving storage of food in Korea and other countries. Third, major tasks for improving the import capacity from other countries are constructing overseas food bases, effectively using the international grain market, and enhancing international cooperation with relevant countries. Finally, key tasks for improving policy performance capacity are refining and applying the climate change impact analysis model with respect to policies, expanding investments in research and development, building a vulnerability assessment system, enhancing education and training, and installing Climate Change Response Center for Agriculture (tentative). In this study, several key challenges were presented in the four different areas related to building a stable food supply system which can help overcome the challenges of climate change. It is expected that the nature of the policies that need to be prioritized and promoted, given the constraints of budget, organization and information will be addressed in future research. Also, in order for the solutions for key challenges to work properly in the field such that policy outcomes will be maximized, a consortium of research bodies in the related fields of agriculture, agricultural meteorology and agricultural economics should be created. As preparation for specific action programs. Furthermore, follow-up studies should be conducted to verify the expenses required for developing reliable climate change impact assessment models and the effectiveness of the enforced policies. Such fie

Dipyridamole 부하 심근 SPECT에서 Dipyridamole의 작용과 부작용

고창순(Chang Soon Koh),이명철(Myung Chul Lee),정준기(June Key Chung),이동수(Dong Soo Lee),최창운(Chang Woon Choi),배상균(Sang Kyun Bae),양형인(Hyung In Yang),여정석(Jeong Suk Yeo) 대한핵의학회 1993 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.27 No.2

N/A Dipyridamole is an agent that may be used to noninvasively evaluate coronary artery disease. The effect of dipyridamole infusion its generally related to its induced peripheral vasodilatory effect. In normal person, heart rate is generally increased slightly while blood pressure decrease, but the achieved double product and related myocardial oxygen consumption have no significant change. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect and side effect of dipyridamole, and to compare different response to dipyridamole among the patients. We evaluated 847 patients who underwent dipyridamole stress myocardial SPECT. 93.6% of them had induced hypotension 0.9% showed no change of blood pressure, 5.5% had increased blood pressure 8.3% had no change of pulse rate more than 10% of basal pulse rate. Among diabetes, 16.9% was not change of pulse rate, 6.7% in non-diabetes. There was no significant correlation between age and rate pressure product rest(RPPr), in patients without perfusion defects on SPECT(y=7.1x+48.4r=0.13 p>0.01). As increasing age, RPPs/RPPr was declined(y=-11.6x+68.9 r=0.17 p〈0.01), similar results were obtained in patients with perfusion defect. The size of perfusion defect on myocardial SPECT have no correlation between RPPr and RPPs/RPPr. The side effects of dipyridamole included chest pain and chest tightness, headache, abdominal pain, dizzness, nausea, and dyspnea. As increasing age, dipyridamole-induced cardiac work at rest was increased, cardiac response to dipyridamole was decreased.

NGS_SNPAnalyzer: a desktop software supporting genome projects by identifying and visualizing sequence variations from next-generation sequencing data

Dong‑Jun Lee,Taesoo Kwon,Chang‑Kug Kim,Young‑Joo Seol,Dong‑Suk Park,Tae‑Ho Lee,Byung‑Ohg Ahn 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.11

Background Sequence variations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms are markers for genetic diseases and breeding. Therefore, identifying sequence variations is one of the main objectives of several genome projects. Although most genomeproject consortiums provide standard operation procedures for sequence variation detection methods, there may be differencesin the results because of human selection or error. Objective To standardize the procedure for sequence variation detection and help researchers who are not formally trainedin bioinformatics, we developed the NGS_SNPAnalyzer, a desktop software and fully automated graphical pipeline. Methods The NGS_SNPAnalyzer is implemented using JavaFX (version 1.8); therefore, it is not limited to any operatingsystem (OS). The tools employed in the NGS_SNPAnalyzer were compiled on Microsoft Windows (version 7, 10) andUbuntu Linux (version 16.04, 17.0.4). Results The NGS_SNPAnalyzer not only includes the functionalities for variant calling and annotation but also providesquality control, mapping, and filtering details to support all procedures from next-generation sequencing (NGS) data to variantvisualization. It can be executed using pre-set pipelines and options and customized via user-specified options. Additionally,the NGS_SNPAnalyzer provides a user-friendly graphical interface and can be installed on any OS that supports JAVA. Conclusions Although there are several pipelines and visualization tools available for NGS data analysis, we developedthe NGS_SNPAnalyzer to provide the user with an easy-to-use interface. The benchmark test results indicate that theNGS_SNPAnayzer achieves better performance than other open source tools.

난치성 만성정신분열증 환자의 생활의 질에 미치는 정신사회치료 프로그램의 효과에 대한 예비연구

송동호,배민진,이종호,이홍식,김선경,서호석,김찬형,전지용 大韓神經精神醫學會 1995 신경정신의학 Vol.34 No.4

Objects : Recent studies of psychosocial adjustment after hospitalization have found that the combination of maintenance antipsychotic drug treatment and psychosocial treatment including psychoeducational program are highly predictive of social rehabilitation and reduction of subsequent relapse. Two groups of patients with refractory chronic schizophrenia were preliminarily compared to determine the effect of a psychosocial treatment program on the quality of life in refractory chronic schizophrenics in an open comparative trial. Methods : One group(N=11) was assigned to approximately six months of the psychosocial treatment program(including psychoeducation program and activity program such as interpersonal relationship program, social skill training, self management program, outings, etc), in a group format, twice a week and a fixed maintenance dosage of clozapine ; while scale(QLS) was used to provide an objective measure of changes in patient's psychosocial functioning and a general assessment of psychopathology was made using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS). Results : Both BPRS total positive score and the QLS total score, especially in the intrapsychic foundation factor of the scale showed a statistically significant improvement in the psychosocial treatment group. But there was no significant change in both BPRS and QLS scores over a 6-month period in the non-psychosocial treatment group. A significant negative correlation was found between the negative symptom and changes of QLS total, instrumental role and common object and activities scores respectively after receiving a 6-month of the psychosocial treatment program. Conclusion : These results suggest that a psychosocial treatment program including the integration of psychoeducation and a skill training oriented activity program serve as an outpatient treatment modality to improve the quality of the life in refractory chronic schizophrenia. To further clarify the effect of psychosocial treatment in chronic schizophrenia, a randomized trial should be done.

개체-관계 모델에서 XML Schema의 생성

김창석(Chang Suk Kim),김대수(Dae Su Kim),손동철(Dong Cheul Son) 한국지능시스템학회 2004 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.14 No.6

본 XML이 웹 상에서 문서 교환의 표준으로 자리잡고 있으며 그 수요가 나날이 증가하고 있다. 그에 따라 XML 데이터나 문서 구조를 모델링하는 XML Schema(W3C XML Schema Spec) 또한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 XML Schema는 다양한 자료형과 풍부한 표현력을 제공하지만 그 복잡성으로 인해 모델링하기가 어려운 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 관계형 데이터베이스 설계의 기본적인 도구인 개체-관계 모델을 이용하여 XML Schema를 간단하게 생성하는 방법을 제시한다. 개체-관계 모델과 변환될 XML Schema의 구조는 서로 일대일로 매핑되지 않아 직접 변환할 수는 없다. 그래서 몇 가지 알고리즘을 이용하여 개체-관계 모델을 계층적 구조모델로 변환을 한다. 이렇게 변환된 계층적 구조 모델을 이용하여 최종적으로 XML Schema를 생성한다. 기존의 XML Schema 생성 방법은 개체 간의 애트리뷰트가 상위 혹은 하위로 이동하면서 최초 설계시의 개체가 사라지므로 XML Schema의 중요한 특성인 재사용을 이용할 수 없다는 단점을 가진다. 여기서 제시한 알고리즘은 XML Schema의 중요한 특성들인 재사용성, 전역 및 로컬 기능 등을 가진 문서를 생성한다는 것이다. The XML is emerging as standard language for data exchange on the Web. Therefore the demand of XML Schema(W3C XML Schema Spec.) that verifies XML document becomes increasing. However, XML Schema has a weak point for design because of its complication despite of various data and abundant expressiveness. This paper shows a simple way of design for XML Schema using a fundamental means for database design, the Entity-Relationship model. The conversion from the Entity-Relationship model to XML Schema can not be directly on account of discordance between the two models. So we present some algorithms to generate XML Schema from the Entity-Relationship model. The algorithms produce XML Schema codes using a hierarchical view representation. An important objective of this automatic generation is to preserve XML Schema's characteristics such as reusability, global and local ability, ability of expansion and various type changes.

제왕절개 수술반흔에서 점액성 변화와 탈락막 변 화가 일어난 자궁내막증 2 예 및 조직면역학적연구

김주현(Ju Hyun Kim),한치동(Chi Dong Han),허창규(Chang Kyu Huh),조창호(Chang Ho Cho),고석봉(Suk Bong Koh) 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.1

Decidualized cutaneous endometriosis infrequently arises in the absence of pelvic disease. It is described in which the histologic features included cytologic atypia, circumscription of endometrial epithelial cells with glandular or cystically dilated space, mononuclear cells within and around the endometrial nodules, and accompanied myxoid change. This histologic pseudomalignancy is not common and be misinterpreted as metastatic carcinoma or malignant tumors arising from soft tissue due to location of nodule and histologic feature. We have experienced two cases of myxoid change in decidualized cutaneous endometriosis in the abdominal scar following Cesarean section, which is presented with a brief review of the literature.

피로와 의료이용, 업무상 사고 및 질병결근

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,정진주,이철갑,강명근,현숙정,조정진,차봉석,박종구 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: This study examined the relationship of fatigue to medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project, 2002~2004). A total of 30,146 employees categorized within the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were recruited. A structured-questionnaire was used to assess the participants' sociodemo-graphics, job-related factors, health-related behaviors, personality trait, self=perceived fatigue (MFS) and the frequency of medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Data on medical utilization and occupational accident were confirmed from company health records. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to elucidate the relationship of self-perceived fatigue to medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence. Results: In logistic regression analyses, self-perceived fatigue was associated with medical utilization (outpatient), occupational accident and sickness absence although the strength of the associations was higher in the blue collar workers except for medical utilization. For medical utilization, the white collar worker's adjusted odds ratios of outpatient utilization for workers scoring in the third quartile and the highest quartile, compared to workers scoring in the lowest quartile were 1.50 (95% CI: 1.20-1.87) and 2.16 (95% CI: 1.69-2.75), respectively. The blue collar workers' adjusted odds ratios of outpatient utilization for workers scoring in the second (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06-1.43), third (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.22-1.66) and highest quartile (OR:1.83, 95% CI: 1.55-2.17), respectively, compared to workers scoring in the lowest quartile were statistically significant. However, no associations were found between fatigue and inpatient utilization for either the white or blue collar workers. The blue collar workers' adjusted odds ratios of being injured for workers scoring in the second, third and highest quartile were 1.41 (95% CI: 1.00-2.00), 1.57 (95% CI: 1.10-2.22) and 2.41 (95% CI: 1.69-3.44), respectively, compared to those scoring in the lowest quartile, but, those of the white collar workers were not significant. There was more likely to an increased risk of sickness absence in workers scoring in the second, third and highest quartile compared to those scoring in the lowest quartile in both white and blue collar workers, but the magnitudes of risk were higher in the blue collar workers than the white collars workers. Conclusion: This result suggests that fatigue is a determinant predictor of medical utilization, occupational accident and sickness absence, and that the pattern of risks for the three outcomes differs according to the occupational type. Some limitations of this study and considerations for future study were also discussed.

유산양에서 발정동기화 유도와 인공수정 효율

장석민,강재구,최기명,김홍래,진동일 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2007 농업과학연구 Vol.34 No.1

This study was conducted to evaluate the response of CIDR-S on estrus synchronization of dairy goats and the effect of artificial insemination on conception rate. Estrus synchronization of sexually matured Saanen goats was induced with insertion of CIDR-S into vagina for 15 days and injection of 500 IU PMSG before removal of CIDR-S. Artificial insemination was conducted using liquid or frozen semen by intra-cervical insemination with synchronized does. Estrus synchronization was 90% using CIDR-S insertion for 15 days. Conception rate of inseminated does was 20% - 25%, while that of natural mated does was 100%. These results suggested that synchronization of dairy goats can be successfully induced and artificial insemination method has to be improved for the practical use in dairy goats.

配電用 磁器材 懸垂碍子의 劣化珍斷에 關한 硏究

張錫九,李敏明,鄭東熙 大田産業大學校 1997 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.14 No.1

The insulation failure of distribution facilities Our: to aging for the suspension insulator makes it very difficult to detect the failure points and consequently give rise to the long time interruption of electric power, and then it brings on the great failure for the electric power supply in normal state. It has been reported that the Insulator failure occupied above 21% in the total accidents of distribution facilities and caused by the natural drgradation. In present time, the detection of poor insulator has been performed by manpower with the poor insulator detector but the conventional method for failure prevention, such as the poor insulator detector, requires the tremendous repairing time and manpower. This paper presents the possibility for poor insulator detector by observing the phenomena of heat generation of degraded suspention insulator under constant voltage application and during constant time with infrared imaging deagnosis which used in order to make a diagnosis for poor wire collector.

유산양 체세포를 이용한 돼지 난자의 이종간 핵이식 후 배발달에 관한 연구

장석민,나루세겐지,신영민,박창식,진동일 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2007 논문집 Vol. No.10

This study was conducted to investigate the developmental ability of interspecies cloned embryos after nuclear transfer of goat fetal fibroblast cells into porcien cocytes. Recipient porcine anc goat oocytes were obtained from slaughterhouse and matured III vitro according to established protocols Enucleation was accomplished by aspirating the first polar body and cytoplasm and a single doner cell was individually microinjected into vitelline space of the enucleated oocyte. The reconstructed oocytes were electrically fused WIth O.3M mannitol fusion medium. After electro-fusion, interspecies reconstituted embryos were cultured in PZM-3 for 7 days. In porcine interspecies nuclear transfer With goat fetal fibroblast cells, the cleavage rate of reconstituted ernbryos were 58.9% which was no significant different from that in porcine nuclear transfer embryos (67.4%). However, the developmental rate into blastocyst stage was 5.4% in interspecies nuclear transfer which was significantly lower than that in porcine intraspecies nuclear transfer (13.6%). When the developmental ability of porcine interspecies nuclear transfer with goat cells was compared with goal intraspecies nuclear transfer. the cleavage rate of embryos were 59.2% and the developmental rate into morular and blastocyst stage was 13.6% in intespecies nuclear transfer which were significantly lower than those in intraspecies nuclear transfer embryos. This result indicated that porcine interspecies nuclear transfer with goat fetal fibrobiast cells showed the developmental potential in vitro with lower cleavage and developmental rate compared with intraspecies nuclear transfer.