Relationship of serum lymphocyte with outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

( Sung Woo Moon ),( Ah Young Leem ),( Young Sam Kim ),( Ji-hyun Lee ),( Tae-hyung Kim ),( Yeon Mok Oh ),( Sang Do Lee ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Kold Study Group ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Background: The role of lymphocyte in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the serum lymphocyte on several clinical parameters, such as lung function, exercise capacity, QOL, exacerbation and mortality in a Korean COPD cohort by repeated and simultaneous measurement of the serum lymphocyte and these clinical parameters. Methods: The study population comprised 451 patients with COPD from the KOLD cohort. Serum lymphocyte percentage (%) were measured every year along with various clinical parameters such as lung function, 6-min walking (6MW) distance, quality of life (CAT and SGRQ score), exacerbations and survival. Serum lymphocyte percentage less than 20% is considered as low lymphocyte. Follow-up data up to 9 years was used for analysis. Results: Among the 451 patients, 409 (90.7%) and 42 (9.3%) were the normal lymphocyte group and low lymphocyte groups at the time of enrollment, respectively. Clustered analysis showed that low lymphocyte group showed lower post-bronchodilator FEV1 (estimated mean=-5.70 % predicted; P=0.001), lower FVC (estimated mean=-5.63 % predicted; P=0.005), shorter 6MW distance (estimated mean=-41.31m; P<0.001), higher CAT score (estimated mean=2.62; P=0.013), and higher SGRQ score (estimated mean=10.10; P<0.001). However, serum lymphocyte % was not associated with frequent acute exacerbation and mortality. Conclusions: Patients with low serum lymphocyte showed low pulmonary function, low 6MW distance, and worse quality of life. Lymphocyte may be related with various conditions in COPD.

베체트병 환자의 말초혈액에서 T 림프구의 아형과 T 림프구의 혈관 내피세포에 대한 유착

김희성,방동식,이광훈 ( Hee Sung Kim,Dong Sik Bang,Kwang Hoon Lee ) 대한피부과학회 1997 대한피부과학회지 Vol.35 No.5

Background: Behcets disease represents a polysymptomatic, recurrent vasculitis' with a chronic course. Its etiology and pathogenesis still remains unclear. Several immunological abnormalities have been described in this disease and altered cell mediated immunity especially has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis. Recently, suppressor-inducer (naive, CD4-CD45RA+ ) and helper-inducer (memory, CD4-CD45RO+) human T cell subsets have been identified by their relevant monoclonal antibodies. It has heen suspected that human dermal microvascular endothelial cells(HDMEC) are an important part in the pathogenesis of Behcets disease. However, there was no report for HDMEC-T lymphocyte adhesion in Behcets disease, Objective : We have investigated the subpopulation differences in CD4- T lymphocytes and the adhesiveness of T lymphocytes to cultured HDMEC in the presence of IL-1a, or TNF-a using T lymphocytes isolated from normal human subjects and Behcets disease patients respectively. Methods : T lymphocyte subsets were evaluated by the two-color immuno-fluorescence flow cytometric analysis using anti CD4-, CD8-, CD45RA- and CD45RO monoclonal antibodies. The binding assay of T lymphocytes to HDMEC was performed before and after stimulating HDMEC with IL-la or TNF-a. Results : 1. The number of CD4- T cells and the CD4+ to CD8+ ratio decreased in patients with Behcets disease compared to normal controls. 2. In the CD4+ T cell subpopulation, there was a significant decrease in the CD4+CD45RA+cell number with a slight increase in the CD4+ CD45RO+ cell number. 3. After stimulating HDMEC with IL-la and TNF-a, the degree of T lymphocyte-HDMEC adhesion generally increased in an E:T ratio dependent, manner in patients with Behcets disease compared to normal controls. 4. Increased binding of CD4+ CD45RA+ naive T lymphocytes and CD4+CD45RO+ memory T lymphocytes to HDMEC was induced after stimulation with IL-1a and TNF-a in both patients and normal controls. The increasing rate was higher in Behcets disease patients than in normal controls. There was no difference in T lymphocyte-HDMEC adhesion between memory and naive T lymphocytes. Conclusion : From these findings it can be postulated that the decrease in the CD4+CD45RA+ count may lead to the inactivation of CD8 suppressor cells resulting in abnormal immune suppression shown in Behcets disease. Proinflammatory cytokines may also play an integral role in the pathogenesis of Behcet's disease by activating endothelial cells increasing the interaction between T lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Increasing the interaction between T lymphocytes and HDMEC may be indirect evidence of activation of cell-mediated immunity. (Korean J Dermatol 1997;35(5): 883-892)

Roles of White Blood Cells and Subtypes as Inflammatory Markers in Skin Cancer

Baykan, Halit,Cihan, Yasemin Benderli,Ozyurt, Kemal Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.6

Objective: Skin tumors are the most commonly seen cancer type worldwide. Regarding pathogenesis, it is thought that disruption of kinetics through T lymphocyte-mediated development of chronic inflammation may be involved. The present study was intended to identify role of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes in the determination of risk for skin cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed charts of 569 cases diagnosed as having primary skin tumors. Data regarding age, gender and histopathological subtype were recorded. Blood parameters studied on the day before surgery including WBCs, neutrophils, and lymphocyte counts, neutrophil:lymphocyte and neutrophil:monocyte ratios were also recorded. Two-hundred and two healthy individuals presented for check-up in an outpatient clinic were selected as the control group. Parameters studied in cases with skin cancer were compared to those healthy individuals. Findings: Of the cases with skin cancer, 401 were basal cell carcinoma (BCC) while 144 were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 13 were malignant melanoma (MM). WBC, neutrophil and monocyte counts and the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio were found to be lower in the patient group than in the healthy control group (p<0.001) while no significant difference was found in other parameters reviewed (p>0.05). No significant difference was found in WBC, neutrophil, neutrophil: monocyte ratio according to gender (p>0.05). Monocyte count was found to be $0.68{\pm}0.61$ in men and $0.55{\pm}0.25$ in women, indicating strong statistical significance (p<0.001). WBC, neutrophil and monocyte values were highest in control group while lowest in BCC. When BCC and SCC groups were compared to controls, significant differences found (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in lymphocyte counts among groups (p=0.976). Neutrophil:lymphocyte ratios were 3.24 in BCC, 3.59 in SCC, 3.44 in MM and 5.06 in control group (p<0.001). Conclusions: In our study, it was found that there were significant differences in complete blood count, neutrophil, monocyte and neutrophil:lymphocyte levels among groups. Neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio was found to be lowest in BCC among skin cancers.

정신분열증 환자의 면역기능에 관한 연구 : T 및 B 임파구 아형의 갯수 및 백분율을 중심으로 Focused on Number & Percentage of T & B Lymphocytes

곽동일,남민,조숙행 大韓神經精神醫學會 1992 신경정신의학 Vol.31 No.3

This study was designed to investigate the relationship of immune function in schizophrenia focusing on number & percentage of T & B lymphocytes. The subjects consist of 44male schizophrenics by DSM-III-R who admitted to the Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University and Samyoung Mental Hospital from March 1, 1989 to May 31, 1990. The 18 normal controls were healthy volunteers and were selected age matching to schizophrenic patient. The results were as follows : 1) There were statistically significant differences between normal controls and naive or drugwash out schizophrenics in percentage of B lymphocyte and T8 cell(P〈0.05). 2) There were statistically significant differences among normal controls, below 2 years durations chronic schizophrenics, above 2 below 5 years durations schizophrenics and more than 5 years durations chronic schizophrenics in number of T lymphocyte, percentage of T lymphocyte or B lymphocyte or number of T8 cells or T4/T8 ratio (p〈0.05). 3) There were statistically significant differences among normal controls, schizophrenics with positive symptoms and schizophrenics with negative symptoms in percentage of T lymphocyte or B lymphocyte or number of T8 cells or T4/T8 ratio(p〈0.05). 4) There were no significant differences on the basis of administrative antipsychotics durations in lymphocyte pupulations(P〉0.05). 5) There were statistically significant differences on the basis of dosage of administrative antipsychotics in T4/T8 ratio(p〈0.05). 6) There were no significant differences on the basis of description of administrative antipsychotics(P〉0.05). 7) There were statistically significant differences between admitted schizophrenic patients and ambulatory schizophrenic patients in percentage of T lymphocyte, number of T8 cells(P〈0.05) and number & percentage of B lymphocyte(P〈0.001).

구개편도의 여포중심림프구에 대한 초미세형태계측학적 연구

이민철,신종한,김윤미 대한병리학회 1994 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.28 No.5

Association between gestational age at delivery and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio in the routine second trimester complete blood cell count

( Hyun-hwa Cha ),( Jong Mi Kim ),( Hyun Mi Kim ),( Mi Ju Kim ),( Gun Oh Chong ),( Won Joon Seong ) 영남대학교 의과대학 2021 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.38 No.1

Background: We aimed to determine whether routine second trimester complete blood cell (CBC) count parameters, including neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), could predict obstetric outcomes. Methods: We included singleton pregnancies for which the 50-g oral glucose tolerance test and CBC were routinely performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation in our outpatient clinic from January 2015 to December 2017. The subjects were divided into three groups according to their pregnancy outcomes as follows: group 1, spontaneous preterm births, including preterm labor and preterm premature rupture of membranes; group 2, indicated preterm birth due to maternal, fetal, or placental causes (hypertensive disorder, fetal growth restriction, or placental abruption); and group 3, term deliveries, regardless of the indication of delivery. We compared the CBC parameters using a bivariate correlation test. Results: The study included 356 pregnancies. Twenty-eight subjects were in group 1, 20 in group 2, and 308 in group 3. There were no significant differences between the three groups in neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, and platelet counts. Although there was no significant difference in NLR, LMR, and PLR between the three groups, LMR showed a negative correlation with gestational age at delivery (r=-0.126, p=0.016). Conclusion: We found that a higher LMR in the second trimester was associated with decreased gestational age at delivery. CBC parameters in the second trimester of pregnancy could be used to predict adverse obstetric outcomes.

Proliferation of CD4+CD25high+Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes in ex vivo expanded ascitic fluid from primary and recurrent ovarian carcinoma

이신화,김용만,이하영,김대연,김종혁,남주현,김영탁 대한부인종양학회 2010 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.21 No.1

Objective: Regulatory T lymphocytes evoke the immune tolerance by suppressing and inactivating cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The objective of this study was to compare the proportion of regulatory T lymphocytes, precisely defined as CD4+CD25high+Foxp3+ T lymphocytes, in primary and recurrent ovarian carcinoma before and after ex vivo expansion of ascites with interleukin-2 (IL-2). Methods: Ascitic fluid samples were obtained from 26 patients with ovarian carcinoma. Lymphocytes were isolated from ascites and cell markers were analyzed by flow cytometry using anti-CD3/CD4/CD8/CD16/CD56/CD25 and anti-Foxp3 antibodies. Lymphocytes were incubated for 2 to 3 weeks and expanded ex vivo by IL-2 stimulation and their phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: Following ex vivo expansion, ascitic fluid lymphocytes increased by a greater extent in the recurrent group than in the primary group. The proportion of ex vivo-expanded lymphocytes changed as follows; CD4+ T lymphocytes increased, CD8+ T lymphocytes decreased, and the proportion of CD3−CD16+56+ NK cells was unchanged. The proportion of CD4+CD25high+Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes in CD4+ T lymphocytes increased after ex vivo expansion in both groups, but to a greater degree in the recurrent group. Conclusion: This study showed that regulatory T lymphocytes, neither cytotoxic T lymphocytes nor NK cells, were extensively increased after ex vivo expansion, especially in recurrent ovarian carcinoma. These results may provide information that helps to guide the future development of adoptive immunotherapy against ovarian carcinoma.

정신분열병 환자의 면역기능에 관한 연구 : 임파구 및 그 아형, NK세포, Null세포를 중심으로 Focused on Lymphocyte, Its Subpopulations, NK cell and Null Cell

김임,은헌정,김미정 大韓神經精神醫學會 1991 신경정신의학 Vol.30 No.1

This study was done to study immune function in schizophrenia focusing on lymphocyte, its subpopulations, natural killer cell activity and null cell. The subjects were 30 schizophrenic patients(male 19, female 11) according to DSM-III-R criteria, diagnosed by two psychiatrists They were admitted to Department of Neuropsychiatry, Presbyterian Medical Center and Sinsaeng Mental Hospital from February 1, 1990 to September 30, 1990. The normal control group was 30 healthy volunteers(male 15, female 15) selected randomly. The results were as follows : 1) There was no significant difference between normal control and schizophrenic group in the number and percentage of lymphocytes(p〉0.05). 2) There was no significant difference between normal control and schizophrenic group in the number and percentage of T lymphocytes(p〉0.05). 3) The number and percentage of B lymphocytes(t=-2.67, p〉0.001) were statistically significant difference between normal control and schizophrenic group. 4) There was statistically significant difference between normal control and schizophrenic group in the number and percentage of null cells(t=2.59, p〉0.001). 5) There was no significant difference between normal control and schizophrenic group in helper to suppressor T cell ratio(p〉0.05). 6) There was statistically significant difference between normal control and schizophrenic group in natural killer cell activities(t= -2.88, p〉0.05). 7) Sex difference of the number of lymphocyte in schizophrenic group(t= -0.30, p〉0.05) was not statistically significant and that in normal control group (t= -2.04, p〉0.05) was also not significant. 8) Positive and negative symptoms were not related in any way to the percentages of lymphocyte subpopulations, null cell and natural killer cell activities.(p〉0.05). 9) There were inverse correlation between T and B lymphocytes and between T lymphocytes and null cells in both schizophrenic(N = 30) and normal control group(N = 30) (p〉0.001). In conclusion, there are significantly different in some kinds of immune cell of the schizophrenic patients such as elevation of null cell and reductions of NK cell activity and B lymphocyte. The reduction of natural-killer cell activities is considerable, so authors feel this could be a biological marker for schizophrenia. However, role of antipsychotic medication in producing these changes is not clear.

Reference Values for a Panel of Cytokinergic and Regulatory Lymphocyte Subpopulations

Vincenzo Sorrenti,Bruno Marenda,Stefano Fortinguerra,Claudia Cecchetto,Roberta Quartesan,Giulia Zorzi,Morena Zusso,Pietro Giusti,Alessandro Buriani 대한면역학회 2016 Immune Network Vol.16 No.6

Lymphocyte subpopulations producing cytokines and exerting regulatory functions represent key immune elements. Given their reciprocal interdependency lymphocyte subpopulations are usually assayed as diagnostic panels, rather than single biomarkers for specialist clinical use. This retrospective analysis on lymphocyte subpopulations, analyzed over the last few years in an outpatient laboratory in Northeast Italy, contributes to the establishment of reference values for several regulatory lymphocytes currently lacking such reference ranges for the general population. Mean values and ranges in a sample of Caucasian patients (mean age 42±8,5 years), were provided for Th1, Th2, Th17, Th-reg, Tc-reg, Tc-CD57+ and B1 lymphocytes. The results are consistent with what is found in literature for the single subtypes and are: Th1 157.8±60.3/ml (7.3%±2.9); Th2 118.2±52.2/ml (5.4%±2.5); Th17 221.6±90.2/ml (10.5%±4.4); Th-reg 15.1±10.2/ml (0.7%±0.4); Tc-reg 5.8±4.7/ml (0.3%±0.2); Tc-CD57+ 103.7±114.1/ml (4.6%±4.7); B1 33.7±22.8/ml (1.5%±0.9); (Values are mean±SD). The results show that despite their variability, mean values are rather consistent in all age or sex groups and can be used as laboratory internal reference for this regulatory panel. Adding regulatory cells to lymphocyte subpopulations panels allows a more complete view of the state of the subject’s immune network balance, thus improving the personalization and the “actionability” of diagnostic data in a systems medicine perspective.

Lymphocyte-monocyte ratio at day 14 of first cisplatin-doxorubicin chemotherapy is associated with treatment outcome of pediatric patients with localized osteosarcoma

Jun Ah Lee,Hea Lin Oh,Dong Ho Kim,Jung Sub Lim 대한소아청소년과학회 2019 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.62 No.2

Purpose: We aimed to determine the prognostic significance of lymphocyte counts and the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) in pediatric patients with osteosarcoma. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 27 pediatric patients with localized extremity osteosarcoma, treated at the Korea Cancer Center Hospital between May 2002 and March 2016. Leukocyte counts and LMR before treatment and on day 14 (LMR14) of the first cisplatin-doxorubicin chemotherapy round were evaluated. Patients were dichotomized according to the median value of these parameters, and survival rates were compared. Results: The median age of the 27 patients was 9.9 years (range, 3.2–14.1 years) and tumor sites were: distal femur (n=14), proximal humerus (n=7), proximal tibia (n=2), proximal fibula (n=2), and elsewhere (n=2). Patients were followed up on for a median of 76.4 months (range, 4.5–174.7 months), and 5-year overall (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were 66.0%±9.8% and 60.9%±9.7%, respectively. Patients with a higher pretreatment lymphocyte count (≥2,320/μL) had better OS (90.9% vs. 46.2%, P=0.04) and EFS (83.9% vs. 38.5%, P=0.02). However, the day 14 lymphocyte count was not associated with survival. While no survival difference was observed between patients grouped according to pretreatment LMR (median value, 6.3), patients with a higher LMR14 (≥5) fared better than those with lower LMR14 (5-year OS: 83.3% vs. 46.3%, P=0.04). Conclusion: Pretreatment lymphocyte count and LMR during chemotherapy had prognostic significance in pediatric osteosarcoma patients. Further studies involving larger cohorts are necessary to validate our findings.