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이지은,장혜경,오지영,유윤경,김현지,임숙인,연숙희,강진숙,최귀령 한국병원약사회 2003 병원약사회지 Vol.20 No.1
In an aging society, there is an increasing possibility of the duplication of the drugs given to patients because they take many kinds of drugs. Among the prescriptions given to the patients who was treated at multiple ambulatory clinics in St. Mary's hospital for one month of September, 2002, in which drugs that has identical or similar effects are prescribed, we analysed and evaluated them by patients' characteristics, kinds of medication, severity of side effects on a case by case basis. More, we assessed the potential additional costs. As a result of this study, the duplication rate turned out to be 6.69% and it was shown that the proportion of the elderly patients over 60 was high. The gastro-intestinal medications took up a large part and most of the cases showed that the danger caused by double taking of medicine was slight, but there were some examples in which the serious side effects were predicted. Expected additional costs were the average 11.349 won and it ranges from the minimum of 56 won to the maximum of 135,720 won. In conclusion, the management of drug histories of the patients who need the plural treatments is very important and the necessity of the individual and professional guidance of taking medicines for the elderly patients is emerged, too.
You chan Bae,Seong joon Joh,Seok chan Park,Hyuk man Kwon,Youn jeong Lee,Eun kyoung Lee,Byung min Song,Yu na Lee,Gyeong beom Heo,Hee soo Lee,Yong kuk Kwon,Kyung hyun Lee,Ji hyeon Kim 한국예방수의학회 2018 예방수의학회지 Vol.42 No.3
Epizootic HPAIV, H5N6, and H5N8 infections produced severe loss in poultry and wild birds in the Republic of Korea from 2016 to 2017. But pathological lesions and antigen distribution of the novel HPAIV H5N6 clade 2.3.4.4 in natural cases have been rarely reported. Herein, we describe the pathological lesions and antigen localization in chickens (layer and Korean native), ducks, and Japanese quail naturally infected by HPAIV H5N6. Grossly, severe reddening, swelling, and some necrotic foci, which were similar to septicemia or viremia, were observed in skin and many visceral organs including trachea, lung, liver, spleen, and pancreas. Histopathologically, pulmonary congestion and edema, as well as necrotizing hepatitis, splenitis, pancreatitis, myocarditis, and encephalitis were observed. Immunohistochemically, numerous HPAIV antigens were detected in necrotic parenchymal cells and in blood vessels of the respiratory, lymphoid, digestive, urinary, nervous, and cardiovascular systems. The results indicate that HPAIV H5N6 spread to the entire body via blood and caused severe damage throughout the entire body. The HPAI H5N6 clade 2.3.4.4 virus was isolated from samples of all four cases.
Lee, You Kyoung,Jin, Na Young,Kim, Yu Seop,Kim, Hee Ji,Hur, Young A.,Kim, Young Shin,Lim, Chi Hwan,Youn, Young Nam,Yasunaga-Aoki, Chisa,Yu, Yong Man FACULTY OF AGRIC PUBLICATIONS-KYUSHU UNIV 2017 Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu Univ Vol. No.
<P>In this study, the spraying effects of unmanned controllers for the efficient control and safe use of pesticides in protected paprika cultivation facilities were reviewed. Whether or not pesticides were deposited and the quantities of active components and pest control effects of the pesticides according to the plant length and locations of paprika were examined. Experimental plots consisting of nine sections (comprising three repetitions of three different experimental chemical treatments) were arranged in a 13,500 m(2) wide test field to conducts experiments with Leveillula taurica, Bemisia tabaci, and Aphis gossypii that occurred in protected paprika cultivation facilities. Deposit degrees following pesticide spraying with unmanned fogging type controllers were measured; according to the results, water-sensitive papers showed a deposit rate of 100% in all experimental plots. With regard to pest control, when Pyrifluquinazon 6.5% SC was sprayed, 93.5% of Bemisia tabaci was controlled and 93.9% of Aphis gossypii was controlled. In the case of Leveillula taurica, diseased leaf rates were examined 7 days after the final treatment with Fluopyram 40% SC; the results showed that, as chemical control effects, diseased leaf rates were 52.2% in untreated plots while being approximately 8.8% in the treated plots, indicating that the control value was at least 83.2%. According to the results of examination of the quantities of active components on the front and rear of the leaves, chemical effects persisted when the quantities of active components on the front and rear of the leaves were on average 1.30 (mu g/50 cm(2)) and 1.05 (mu g/50 cm(2)) respectively, in the case of spraying of Fluopyram 40% SC; when the quantities of active components on the front and rear of the leaves were on average 0.62 (mu g/50 cm(2)), 0.49 (mu g/50 cm(2)), respectively, in the case of spraying of Pyrifluquinazon 6.5% SC; the overall deposit amounts on the front and rear were not considerably different.</P>
원경풍,황인균,박건상,최동미,최윤주,이강봉,서정혁,허수정,최영내,최영미,심유신 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-
본 연구는 국민이 식사를 통하여 식품에 잔류하는 농약을 어느 정도 섭취하는지 파악하기 위해 Darket basket 방식'fT 따라 농약의 1일 섭취량 조사를 실시하였다. 대상식품은 국민건강·영양조사 ('98) 자료를 기초로 한 농산물 이외 육류, 가공식품 등 국민 다소비식품 18개군 110종을 전국 4개 도시에서 구입하였다. 조리가 필요한 식품에 대해서는 통상의 방법에 준하여 조리하고 동일식품별로 균일하게 몬합한 후 농약 잔류량을 분석하였다. 대상농약은 국내외쩍으로 괌범위하게 사용되고 동시분석 가능한 100종의 농약을 선택하였다. 각 농약의 분석은 식품공전의 잔류농약 시험법 등에 따라 분석하고 GCAfSD로 할인하였다. 분석결과 18개 식품군중 채소류 및 곡류에서 ethoprophos와 chlorpyrifos-methyl이 각각 0-151과 0,077m9/ 긷출되었다. 검출된 ethoprophos와 chloTyrifos-methyl의 1일 추정 섭취량(EDI : Estimated D쏘Iy Intake)은 0.54와 0.64r노person/day이었으며, 이들 농악의 1인 1일 섭취허용량과 비교하였을 때 각각 2.47과 0.01% 수준으로 안전성에는 문제가 없는 것으로 평가되었다. In order to estimate the intake of pesticide residues through food that is read? to eat, Total Diet Studt·(TBS) was carried. The food list for the TDS Ivas established throughthe nationwide food consumption survey('98) conducted by ministry of health & welfare. afeatsand meat products. Dr·3cessed foods as we13 as arricultural eroducts were nurcha,)ff a# #Hrgrocerl'stores af 4 large cities(Seoul, Busan, Gwangju, Daejon) in Korea. The collected samples from 4 cities were treate(t in a similar cooking rrlethod that was used at home and mixed intoene sample. For thls stLldy, 100 pesticides corrunonly used were selected ard samples werefollowed by multiclass multiresidues anall·sis methods for nonfatty foods or fatty foods.Ethoprophos and chlofyrifos-nlethyl were detected in 1 of cereals and 1 of vegetables with0.151 and 0.077mg/kg and these vaBues were corresponded to 0.54 and 0-64#a/person/day of theestimfted daill· intake(Ef)I) values. Compared with acceptable daily intake(ADf), EDI valueswere 2.47 and 0.01% of trle respective ADI.