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Plant‐expressed Fc‐fusion protein tetravalent dengue vaccine with inherent adjuvant properties
Kim, Mi Young,Copland, Alastair,Nayak, Kaustuv,Chandele, Anmol,Ahmed, Muhammad S.,Zhang, Qibo,Diogo, Gil R.,Paul, Matthew J.,Hofmann, Sven,Yang, Moonx2010,Sik,Jang, Yongx2010,Suk,Ma, Julian Kx20 BLACKWELL 2018 PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL Vol.16 No.7
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Dengue is a major global disease requiring improved treatment and prevention strategies. The recently licensed Sanofi Pasteur Dengvaxia vaccine does not protect children under the age of nine, and additional vaccine strategies are thus needed to halt this expanding global epidemic. Here, we employed a molecular engineering approach and plant expression to produce a humanized and highly immunogenic poly‐immunoglobulin G scaffold (PIGS) fused to the consensus dengue envelope protein III domain (cEDIII). The immunogenicity of this IgG Fc receptor‐targeted vaccine candidate was demonstrated in transgenic mice expressing human FcγRI/CD64, by induction of neutralizing antibodies and evidence of cell‐mediated immunity. Furthermore, these molecules were able to prime immune cells from human adenoid/tonsillar tissue <I>ex vivo</I> as evidenced by antigen‐specific CD4<SUP>+</SUP> and CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T‐cell proliferation, IFN‐γ and antibody production. The purified polymeric fraction of dengue PIGS (D‐PIGS) induced stronger immune activation than the monomeric form, suggesting a more efficient interaction with the low‐affinity Fcγ receptors on antigen‐presenting cells. These results show that the plant‐expressed D‐PIGS have the potential for translation towards a safe and easily scalable single antigen‐based tetravalent dengue vaccine.</P>
Zhao, W.x2010,G.,Chung, J.x2010,W.,Lee, G.x2010,A.,Ma, K.x2010,H.,Kim, H.x2010,H.,Kim, K.x2010,T.,Chung, I.x2010,M.,Lee, J.x2010,K.,Kim, N.x2010,S.,Kim, S.x2010,M.,Park, Y.x2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Plant breeding Vol.130 No.1
<P> <I>With 7 figures and 6 tables</I> </P><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Garlic is widely consumed for its culinary and medical benefits. Six hundred and thirteen accessions of garlic and its relatives with diverse origin were evaluated for genetic diversity at eight recently novel simple sequence repeat loci in this study. A total of 113 alleles were detected, the average allelic richness was 14.1 alleles per locus. Using a heuristic approach, a core set of 95 accessions was successfully developed, which showed 100% coverage of alleles with minimum redundancy. The model‐based structure analysis here revealed the presence of four subpopulations in the selected core set, which was basically consistent with clustering based on the genetic distance. The analysis of molecular variance based on this core set showed that between‐population component of genetic variance is <15.6% in contrast to 84.4% for the within population component. Overall <I>F</I><SUB>ST</SUB> value was 0.1560, indicating a moderate differentiation among the four groups. These results will provide an effective aid for future allele mining, association genetics, mapping and cloning gene(s), germplasm conservation, and improvement programs.</P>
Neural Network‐Based Analysis of Thiol Proteomics Data in Identifying Potential Selenium Targets
Lee, Jongx2010,Sik,Ma, Yongx2010,Beom,Choi, Kyoungx2010,Soo,Park, Soox2010,Yeon,Baek, Sunx2010,Hee,Park, Youngx2010,Mee,Zu, Ke,Zhang, Haitao,Ip, Clement,Hong Kim, Yeul,Park, Eunx2010,Mi MARCEL DEKKER, INC 2006 PREPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.1
<P>Generation of a monomethylated selenium metabolite is critical for the anticancer activity of selenium. Because of its strong nucleophilicity, the metabolite can react directly with protein thiols to cause redox modification. Here, we report a neural network-based analysis to identify potential selenium targets. A reactive thiol specific reagent, BIAM, was used to monitor thiol proteome changes on 2D gel. We constructed a dynamic model and evaluated the relative importance of proteins mediating the cellular responses to selenium. Information from this study will provide new clues to unravel mechanisms of anticancer action of selenium. High impact selenium targets could also serve as biomarkers to gauge the efficacy of selenium chemoprevention.</P>
Acton, Orb,Dubey, Manish,Weidner, Tobias,O’Malley, Kevin M.,Kim, Taex2010,Wook,Ting, Guy G.,Hutchins, Daniel,Baio, J. E.,Lovejoy, Tracy C.,Gage, Alexander H.,Castner, David G.,Ma, Hong,Jen, Alex K.& WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Advanced functional materials Vol.21 No.8
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>An efficient process is developed by spin‐coating a single‐component, self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) to simultaneously modify the bottom‐contact electrode and dielectric surfaces of organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs). This effi cient interface modifi cation is achieved using <I>n</I>‐alkyl phosphonic acid based SAMs to prime silver bottom‐contacts and hafnium oxide (HfO<SUB>2</SUB>) dielectrics in low‐voltage OTFTs. Surface characterization using near edge X‐ray absorption fi ne structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and spectroscopic ellipsometry suggest this process yields structurally well‐defi ned phosphonate SAMs on both metal and oxide surfaces. Rational selection of the alkyl length of the SAM leads to greatly enhanced performance for both <I>n</I>‐channel (C<SUB>60</SUB>) and p‐channel (pentacene) based OTFTs. Specifi cally, SAMs of <I>n</I>‐octylphos‐phonic acid (OPA) provide both low‐contact resistance at the bottom‐contact electrodes and excellent interfacial properties for compact semiconductor grain growth with high carrier mobilities. OTFTs based on OPA modifi ed silver electrode/HfO<SUB>2</SUB> dielectric bottom‐contact structures can be operated using < 3V with low contact resistance (down to 700 Ohm‐cm), low subthreshold swing (as low as 75 mV dec<SUP>−1</SUP>), high on/off current ratios of 107, and charge carrier mobilities as high as 4.6 and 0.8 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>, for C60 and pentacene, respectively. These results demonstrate that this is a simple and efficient process for improving the performance of bottom‐contact OTFTs.</P>
A Multifunction Heterojunction Formed Between Pentacene and a Single‐Crystal Silicon Nanomembrane
Seo, Jungx2010,Hun,Oh, Taex2010,Yeon,Park, Jungho,Zhou, Weidong,Ju, Byeongx2010,Kwon,Ma, Zhenqiang WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Advanced functional materials Vol.23 No.27
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A mesh patterned n‐type single‐crystalline silicon nanomembrane (SiNM) created from a silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI) wafer is complementally combined with a p‐type pentacene layer to form a heterogeneous p‐n junction on a flexible plastic substrate. Excellent rectifying characteristics are obtained from the heterogeneous p‐n diode. The diode also exhibits photosensitivity at visible wavelengths with a photo‐to‐dark current ratio exceeding four orders, a responsivity of 0.7 A/W, and an external quantum efficiency of 21.9% at 633 nm. Over 60% average transmittance in the visible spectrum is measured from the heterogeneous multilayer junction on a plastic substrate. Outstanding mechanical bending characteristics are observed with up to 1.08% of strain applied to the diode. These results suggest that organic‐inorganic heterogeneous integration may be a viable strategy to build flexible organic‐inorganic heterojunction devices and thus enable a number of novel multifunctional applications.</P>
Ultrasensitive Near‐Infrared Raman Reporters for SERS‐Based In Vivo Cancer Detection
Samanta, Animesh,Maiti, Kaustabh Kumar,Soh, Kiatx2010,Seng,Liao, Xiaojun,Vendrell, Marc,Dinish, U. S.,Yun, Seongx2010,Wook,Bhuvaneswari, Ramaswamy,Kim, Hyori,Rautela, Shashi,Chung, Junho,Olivo, Ma WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Angewandte Chemie Vol.123 No.27
<P><B>Zuverlässige Berichterstattung</B>: Das Screening einer 80‐teiligen Tricarbocyanin‐Bibliothek lieferte CyNAMLA‐381 als Nahinfrarot‐SERS‐Reporter mit guter Signalstabilität und höherer Empfindlichkeit als der Standard (SERS=oberflächenverstärkte Raman‐Spektroskopie). Durch Verkapselung von CyNAMLA‐381 an der Oberfläche von Gold‐Nanopartikeln und Konjugation mit Antikörpern wurden SERS‐Nanomarker mit ausgezeichneter Empfindlichkeit, Stabilität und Tumorspezifität in Xenograft‐Modellen erhalten (siehe Bild).</P>
Does the recent warming hiatus exist over Northern Asia for winter wind chill temperature?
Ma, Ying,Mao, Rui,Feng, Shengx2010,Hui,Gong, Daox2010,Yi,Kim, Seongx2010,Joong John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2017 International journal of climatology Vol.37 No.7
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Wind chill temperature (WCT) describes the joint effect of wind velocity and air temperature on exposed body skin and could support policymakers in designing plans to reduce the risks of notably cold and windy weather. This study examined winter WCT over Northern Asia during 1973–2013 by analysing <I>in situ</I> station data. The winter WCT warming rate over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) slowed during 1999–2013 (−0.04 °C decade<SUP>−1</SUP>) compared with that of during 1973–1998 (0.67 °C decade<SUP>−1</SUP>). The winter WCT warming hiatus has also been observed in the remainder of Northern Asia with trends of 1.11 °C decade<SUP>−1</SUP> during 1973–1998 but −1.02 °C decade<SUP>−1</SUP> during 1999–2013, except for the Far East (FE) of Russia, where the winter WCT has continued to heat up during both the earlier period of 1973–1998 (0.54 °C decade<SUP>−1</SUP>) and the recent period of 1999–2013 (0.75 °C decade<SUP>−1</SUP>). The results indicate that the influence of temperature on winter WCT is greater than that of wind speed over Northern Asia. Atmospheric circulation changes associated with air temperature and wind speed were analysed to identify the causes for the warming hiatus of winter WCT over Northern Asia. The distributions of sea‐level pressure and 500‐hPa height anomalies during 1999–2013 transported cold air from the high latitudes to middle latitudes, resulting in low air temperature over Northern Asia except for the FE of Russia. Over the TP, the increase in wind speed offset the increase in air temperature during 1999–2013. For the FE, the southerly wind from the Western Pacific drove the temperature up during the 1999–2013 period through warm advection.</P>
Rox308,nsberg, David,Debbab, Abdessamad,Max301,ndi, Attila,Vasylyeva, Vera,Box308,hler, Philip,Stork, Bjox308,rn,Engelke, Laura,Hamacher, Alexandra,Sawadogo, Richard,Diederich, Marc,Wray, Vict American Chemical Society 2013 Journal of organic chemistry Vol.78 No.24
<P>Four tetrahydroxanthone dimers (<B>1</B>–<B>4</B>) and four biogenetically related monomers (<B>5</B>–<B>8</B>), including the new derivatives <B>4</B>–<B>6</B>, were isolated from the endophyte Phomopsis longicolla. The absolute configurations of <B>2</B>–<B>4</B> were established for the first time by TDDFT electronic circular dichroism calculations, and that of phomoxanthone A (<B>1</B>) was revised by X-ray crystallography. Phomoxanthone A (<B>1</B>) showed the strongest pro-apoptotic activity when tested against a panel of human cancer cell lines, including cisplatin-resistant cells, whereas it was up to 100-fold less active against healthy blood cells. It was also the most potent activator of murine T lymphocytes, NK cells, and macrophages, suggesting an activation of the immune system in parallel to its pro-apoptotic activity. This dual effect in combating cancer cells could help in fighting resistance during chemotherapy. Preliminary structure–activity studies of isolated compounds and derivatives obtained by semisynthesis (<B>9a</B>–<B>11</B>) hinted at the location of the biaryl axis and the presence of acetyl groups as important structural elements for the biological activity of the studied tetrahydroxanthones.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/joceah/2013/joceah.2013.78.issue-24/jo402066b/production/images/medium/jo-2013-02066b_0011.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jo402066b'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Han, Mingu,Kim, Hyungsoo,Seo, Hyungtak,Ma, Biwu,Park, Jix2010,Woong WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Advanced Materials Vol.24 No.47
<P><B>A new approach to improve the power conversion efficiency</B> of polymer bulk‐heterojunction solar cells is demonstrated by generating a silica‐like passivation layer embedded along the three‐dimensionally intertwined interfaces between the nanoscopic domains of P3HT and PCBM by addition of an aymmetric block copolymer containing a short organo‐silica precursor.</P>