차량용 교류발전기의 소음 특성에 관한 연구

송찬일,송상기,송각기 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2002 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.24 No.2

Automobile alternator noises are composed of mechanical noise, ventilation noise and magnetic noise. The design of magnetic parts, fans, bearing, and the rotor has an effect on these noises. In running automobile alternator, these elements can generate noises and vibrations. To know the noise sources of the various alternator, the characteristics of noises are analyzed as rotating speed is increased. Also, this study analyze the harmonics of the noise for the various alternators. The results of this study can lead the instruction t o the noise reduction on the automobile alternator.

한국 젊은이의 顔面美 選好傾向에 관한 연구 : 얼굴의 側貌評價를 중심으로

宋世津,崔益燦 대한치과교정학회 1992 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.22 No.4

This study was designed to assess profile preferences among Korean youths in the year 1992. Facial esthetics was evaluated by means of silhouette profiles, eliminating the influence of a number of aspects that may affect judgment when normal lateral photographs are used. The main points of preference to be clarified here are as follows: First, on facial convexity, Second, on nasion depth, Third, on mentolabial sulcus depth. Fourth, on the position of upper and lower lips, Fifth, on facial type according to Angle's classification of malocclusion, Sixty, on Song's tangents. The 54 subjects printed in questionnaire as black and white silhouettes were selected from 300 tracings from cephalometric radiographs of people whose age ranging from 11 to 20 years. Photographs of six female subjects were retouched by computer graphic software and printed in color and black/white photographs which were used for adaptation of eyes of participants in selecting profiles in silhouette. They constitute 2 questions. The 54 subjects were grouped as 22 questions, each of them composed of 6 subjects, according to the aspects to be clarified. Twenty four questions in total were asked to assess profile preferences. For the assessment, the profile line, the facial esthetic triangle, Song's tangents, and Angle's classification of malocclusion were introduced. The profile line is composed of 11 component points which are Trichion, Glabella, Nasion, Pronasale, Subnasale, Labrale superius, Stomion, Labrale inferius, Supramentale, Pogonion, and Gnathion. The facial esthetic triangle is composed of 3 tangents: A-tangent which is the tangent of dorsum of nose, B-tangent which is the line passing through Sn and Ls, and C-tangent which is drawn on the turning point of the curve which lies between mentolabial sulcus (Sm) and pogonion(Pg). Angle's classification has 3 types of malocclusion which are Class Ⅰ, Class Ⅱ, and Class Ⅲ. Class Ⅱ malocclusion is subdivided into Division 1 and Division 2. The participants of the survey were composed of 861 college students (448 male students, 413 female students) whose majors grouped as Fine Arts Liberal Arts, and Natural Sciences, and whose mean age 21.8 years. The statistics program SPSS/PC + of SPSS Inc. was used to analyze answers of participants. Crosstabulation, Chi-square test, and Kendall test were done. The conclusions are as follows: First, Korean youths have a tendency to prefer the slightly convex face to the flat or concave face. Second, they prefer a moderately deep nasion. Third, they prefer a moderately deep mentolabial sulcus. Fourth, they prefer the position of lips which are near to Ricketts' E-line. The position of the upper lip which is slightly posterior to E-line is preferred. The upper lip which lies too far anterior or posterior to the lower lip is not perferred. Fifth, they prefer most, according to Angle's Classification of Malocclusion, Class I facial profile which has a slight inclination to Class Ⅱ division2. The order of preference is Class Ⅰ, Class Ⅱ division 2, Class Ⅲ, and Class Ⅱ division 1. Sixth, they prefer the type 2 and 3 of Song's tangents. The facial profile within which A-and B-tangent meet is preferred. The facial profile which has C-tangent that meets with A-tangent slightly posterior to the crossing point of A-and B-tangent or that parallels with B-tangent is preferred.

차량용 교류발전기의 소음 특성에 관한 연구

송찬일,송상기,송각기 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2000 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.22 No.2

Automobile alternator noises are composed of mechanical noise, ventilation noise and magnetic noise. The design of magnetic parts, fans, bearing, and the rotor has an effect on these noises. In running automobile alternator, these elements can generate noises and vibrations. To know the noise sources of the various alternator, the characteristics of noises are analyzed as rotating speed is increased. Also, this study analyze the harmonics of the noise for the various alternators. The results of this study can lead the instruction to the noise reduction on the automobile alternator.

2차측 능동크램프 방식의 영전압 영전류 스위칭 풀브리지 DC-DC 컨버터

송찬일,이상일,김병철 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2001 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.23 No.2

The zero voltage switching(ZVS) full-bridge(FB) PWM dc-dc converter is characterized by high efficiency, low switching stress and simple topology. But because of primary current in the circulating period, conducting loss of the lagging leg device occur. In this paper, a novel zero voltage and zero current switching(ZVZCS) FB Phase-Shift(PS) PWM dc-dc converter was proposed. The converter has secondary auxiliary circuit using R, L, D. The proposed secondary auxiliary circuit is simple and lossless but removes the primary current for circulating period effectively. The 50 kHz, 300 W prototype converter was experimented for verification of the converter characteristics. The proposed converter has good Characteristics of ZVZCS and high efficiency of 91%.

도움닫기 거리가 멀리뛰기 기록에 미치는 영향 : 중학교 1학년 여학생을 중심으로 about the first-grade middle schoolgirls

宋順德,朴贊弘 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 1995 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.9

To know the record affected by Approach-distance, 135 first-grade Schoolgirls of Y-middle school were sampled at random, and divided into three groups of Approach-distance 10m, 15m, and 20m. And then the experiment through the lesson for eight weeks was done and the effect was this : 1. In the first-grade middle schoolgirls case, the record of Long-jump was seldom affected by Approach-distance 10m. 2. But Approach-distance 15m and 20m were effective and, the most suitable approach-distance was 15m.

레일리 페이딩 채널에서 길쌈부호를 채용한 16QAM/OFDM 시스템 성능에 관한 연구

송찬호,이용일,김언곤,강영흥 大田産業大學校 1999 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.16 No.1

In this paper, we simulated the performance of 16QAM/OFDM system with 1/2 convolutional coding technique in Rayleigh fading channel with COST-207 delay model. This system includes the Time/Frequency Interleaver, which is adapted EUREKA-147, and the 2-dimentional Pilot Symbol Assited Modulation(PSAM) method with or without low pass filter(LPF). In the simulation, we consider the coding effect according to channel decoding method and the performance of channel estimation with or without LPF. As a result of simulation, We obtained the result that the system using 4bit soft decision Viterbi decoding is required about 11dB -- 14.5dB to satify the BER 10^-3 in Rayleigh fading channel according to channel condition. And also the system performance of PSAM with LPF has thc better peformance of about 2dB than that of system without LPF. And the coding effect of this system is about 2 - 6dB according to channel decoding method.

정상 성인의 말초 혈액 림프구에 표현된 Humkv325-derived κ 경쇄에서의 N-region addition

송준현,이찬희,이지수,이수곤 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

Complementarity determining region(CDR3) of immunoglobulin is the center of antigen binding site. Changes in the number of amino acids of CDR3 may result in change in antigen binding specificity and affinity. The majority of immunoglobulin x chain has 9 or 10 amino acid co-dons in the CDR3 region. Immunoglobulin x chain containing CDR3 with 11 amino acid codons cannot be made without N-region addition. The aims of this study were to evaluate the presence of immunoglobulin x light chain with 11 amino acid codons in its CDR3 domain expressed in the peripheral blood lymphocytes(PBLs) of normal individuals and to correlate amino acid codon length in CDR3 region with age and sex. RNA was isolated from PBLs of normal individuals and x chain was PCR amplified. Amino acid length of CDR3 region was determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A low but constant expression of immunoglobulin x chain with 11 amino acid codons in CDR3 region in normal individuals was found (mean±SD=11.72±1.80%). Significant correlation was not found between amino acid length in CDR3 region of x chain and age or sex. These findings suggest that the concept that N-region addition in x light chain does not occur due to absence of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) needs to be reconsidered. The existence of long CDR3 K chain in PBLs of normal individuals may reflect that CDR diversity in is quite common. Amino acid length of x chain CDR3 is not regulated during development and there is no influence of sex on the expression of x chain containing CDR3 with 11 amino acids.

한국 및 러시아 한국계 청소년 우울증의 사회심리적 위험요인에 대한 횡문화 비교 연구

송동호,민성기,김지웅,김찬형,이홍식,Kim, Larissa 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.5

연구목적 : 본 연구는 사회문화적 배경이 다른 한국과 러시아, 두 나라의 한국인 청소년을 대상으로 우울증의 유병율을 비교 조사하고, 우울증과 관련된 사회심리적 위험요인들을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 연구도구의 한국어판을 제작하고 두 나라의 청소년 우울증 환자 40명씩을 대상으로 우울척도의 cut-off 점수를 산정하기 위한 예비연구를 본 연구에 앞서 시행하였다. 한국의 청소년 대상은 서울 소재의 중고등학생 838명이었고, 러시아의 청소년은 우즈베키스탄 공화국의 중고등학생 중 양부모가 모두 한국인인 652명이었다. 연구도구로는 우울증의 사회심리적 요인들과 횡문화적 요인들을 조사하기 위하여 기초자료 설문지 및 Beck 우울척도를 적용하였다. 결 과 : 우울증 환자를 대상으로 시행한 예비연구에서 얻은 Beck 우울척도의 cut-off 점수 19점 이상을 기준으로 하였을 때, 한국 청소년 집단에서 우울증의 유병률은 26.5%인데 반하여 러시아 청소년에서는 7.4%의 유병률을 보였다. 한국인 청소년들은 한국인-러시아 청소년에 비하여 염세주의(pessimism), 실패감(failure), 자살사고, 죄책감 등, 절망감(helplessness)과 관련된 증상들이 유의하게 많이 나타났다. 한국인 청소년과 한국인-러시아 청소년 간에 우울증의 유의한 사회심리적 위험요인들로서 여성, 낮은 학업성적, 부모와의 갈등이 공통적으로 나타났으며, 그외에 친구교제 요인, 만성 신체질환, 형제간이나 친구들과의 갈등이 한국인 청소년에서는 또 다른 위험요인으로 존재하였다. 결 론 : 본 연구를 통하여 한국인 청소년의 우울증 유병율이 한국인-러시아 청소년의 유병률에 비하여 유의하게 높았으며, 한국과 러시아의 한국인 청소년들 간에 우울증의 유의한 사회심리적 위험요인들이 차이가 있음을 시사한다. Objectives : In order to study a cross-cultural epidemiology of the adolescent depressives with Korean ethnicity in Korea and Russia, we compared psychosocial characteristics and risk factors of depressive disorder between two school-based populations in different sociocultural environments. Methods : We measured psychosocial variables of 838 subjects in Korea, and 652 in Russia(Uzbekitan) using Basic Questionnaires and Beck Depression Inventory(BDI). Results : The cut-off point of BDI for adolescent depression in Koreans was 19 points. Higher prevalence of depression was noted in Korean adolescents(26.5%) compared to Korean-Russian adolescents(7.4%). We found signicant risk factors of adolescent depression in two study samples : female, academic failure, meeting friends less frequently, presence of chronic physical illness, interpersonal problems with parents, and same-sex and opposite-sex friends. Conclusions : Our data will provide information on cross-cultural understanding of psychosocial characteristics and risk factors in adolescent depression compared between Koreans and Korean-Russians.

대망에 발생한 방선균증 1례

송상훈,심찬섭,이문성,김진오,조주영,김영석,문종호,이진우 순천향의학연구소 1999 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.5 No.1

Actinomycosis is an uncommon chronic suppurative disease characterized by multiple abscess, draining sinuses, abundant granulation, and dense fibrous tissue, caused by the actinomyces organisms. It occurs in three major sites: cervicofacial, abdominal, and thoracic. The abdomen is the second most common involved site in previous studies, and there are three ways this organism can affect the gastrointestinal tract: through a blood-borne infection, by swallowing, or by proliferation at a more distal intestinal area. Abdominal actinomycosis is an unusual disease but remains an important differential diagnosis in patients with abdominal mass. Obtaining the diagnosis is difficult and rarely made preoperatively, but provide the key to its management. Medical therapy is effetive in eradicating the disease; however, because of the large amount of reactive fibrosis formed by the infection, it requires long-term therapy. Surgical treatment may be essential in many cases, primarily when malignancy cannot be excluded or if extensive necrotic tissue exists. There are a few description for actinomycosis involving omentum. We report a case of patient with omental actinomycosis, suspected to have a malignancy requiring an exploratory laparotomy with resection.

TiN이 증착된 SiO/TiN 박막의 전압-전류 특성

송찬일,김창석,정천옥,김병인 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2002 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.24 No.2

In this study, the evaporation of SiO layers with different thickness on Si wafer(n-100) is conducted by using the RF sputtering method. Thin films are made with the structure of Si/SiO and Si/SiO/TiN by evaporating TIN which is used as a diffusion barrier of non-resistant superintegrated semiconductor circuit. The research is performed to increase the I-V characteristics depending upon the SiO thickness and the reliability and reproducibility of the TIN thin film. It is shown that, since the TIN is diffused into SiO surface and fosters the potential barrier highly in the SiO/TiN thin film, the saturation voltage appears after the SiO thin film does. The thicker the SiO film becomes, the weaker the current variation does and the less leakage current the TiN deposited thin film has. The leakage current variation with a little slope is found in the negative voltage zone due to the effect of the trap state density near the electrode. The spiking which occurs when the film is too very thin can be reduced by adding TiN. The stability can be obtained due to no pervasion of A1 into SiO. The experimental result matches the Ohm s law and satisfies the equation of current.