집적화된 실리콘 압력센서의 출력전압 보상파라미터 추출 및 그 특성

이보나,김건년,박효덕,신상모,이경탁,김찬,권혁채,이상조,박현주 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

An integrated silicon pressure sensor has been designed, fabricated and tested. The signal conditioning circuits were designed to include calibration and temperature compensation of output voltage through trimming of diffusion and ion-implanted resistors. Before trimming of resistors, the compensation parameters such as pressure sensitivity, temperature coefficient of pressure sensitivity, temperature coefficient of piezoresistors and pressure sensitivity of piezoresistors were measured. Then offset voltage, span, and temperature coefficients of offset voltage and span were calibrated by trimming of resistors. The measured output voltage met our design specification and simulation value above room temperature. But, the measured output voltage at -30°C deviated from our design specification and simulation value because the offset voltages were found to vary randomly as a function of temperature.

住宅政策의 改善方向에 관한 硏究

李成浩,蔡鐘卓 釜山大學校 都市問題硏究所 1997 都市硏究報 Vol.5 No.-

This study will compare our country's housing policy with that of foreign countries by referring to documentary records and analyzing related systems and preceding statistical data. Through the housing problem which was found by analyzing the present housing system, this finding suggested the directional housing policy and important problems which the government confronts. The following points sum up the present housing problem: First, An increase in Quantity. Even though our government provides a good quantity of housing, according to the house-providing policy, The housing problem is still serious, especially in a metropolis. Second, Quality Level and Imbalance of Housing. Because of increasing income, the general housing service level has increased. However, the gap between people of every walk of life is deepening, and the supply of housing doesn't satisfy the demand. Third, Lack of Stability, Inequality of Housing. There are low and high housing expenses in every income level. The housing shortage poses a big social problem. The cost of housing has gone up more rapidly than consumer prices, the people are given much weight in society to rent. Fourth, Deepening in the Lack of Stability and Inequality in Housing. The house shortage exists in highly developed cities. This is unbecoming to a society. It seriously threatens the right of residence(a basic human right) which is prescribed in the UN. The Korean people achieved local autonomy after a long fight and faced internationalization and the policy of free trading. Therefore, the direction of housing policy should be like this: First, The housing market must be liberalized. That is the way to improve democracy, efficiency and equality. Second, A rental house policy should be developed and supported. It is necessary to develop rental houses and empower that culture to take root. The government should support not only individual ownership, but also the rental of dwellings. Third, The roles between the central government and local government should be redistributed and tuned. The central government should strengthen motivation, cooperation, guidance, control, technology and financial support for the local government to establish and to execute a locally-supported housing policy. Also, the central government should prepare a concrete plan to expand local finances for asolid local autonomy. Fourth, Strengthen a certain device for the protection of the consumer. The function that provides protection for the consumer should strengthen. For example, readjusting the housing management system, such as quality guranteed, maintenance of housing, the proper housing supplies of demand. Fifth, housing policy as an aspect of social welfare should stand firmly. The right of residence should work well for the poor and for the distribution of wealth and social security. We should try to avoid clearing slums for the purpose of development without considering a counterplan to relocate residents of the slum. Sixth, the government must set up a policy to prepare an open market of housing. Also, it must try to find a solution against foreign capital and technology. A certain program which improves competitive power must show up. Finally, we must prepare the housing policy in case of the future reunification of Korea. Political research and investigation which minimizes the expected problem should precede the reunification of Korea.

洪水流出 Simulation모델의 媒介變數 變化特性에 따른 流出特性 硏究

李舜鐸,安勝燮 嶺南大學校工業技術硏究所 1992 연구보고 Vol.20 No.2

The application of the SSARR model to any particular watershed depends largely on the development of parameter relationships. Parameter relationships are usually established by reconstituting historical streamflow records often with sparse input data. In this study, it has been estimated model parameters which required to flood runoff analysis using the SSARR Model. As it has been examined runoff characteristic through the variety of runoff simulation model parameter, it will be determined optimal parameters required to the runoff analysis of riber basin. The major results of this reserch can be summarized as follows; 1) As the results of the watershed runoff parameters, SMI-ROP, RGS-RS and BII-BFP are sensitive to the runoff hydrograph shape and peak time. But KE-RI relationship curve is not affected to it. 2) As the results of the streamflow parameters, Phase No., KTS and n are sensitive to the peak time, different from watershed runoff parameters.

기능성 소화불량증환자에서 Winstal® 투여에 관한 임상경험

이창형,김영탁,금민수,권중구,안병철,윤영미,권영오,김성국,최용환,정준모 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1994 慶北醫大誌 Vol.35 No.3

목적 : 기능성 소화불량증은 소화, 흡수등 장관의 기능적인 이상과 관련되어 있을 것으로 생각되며 복합소화효소제(Winstal®)를 투여하여 그 임상효과를 평가하고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1994년 3월 부터 6월까지 경북대학교병원 내과를 방문한 기능성 소화불량증을 호소하는 환자 20명을 대상으로 Winstal®을 1회 1정씩, 1일 3회 식후 30분내에 경구로 2주간 투여하였다. 결과 : 소화불량증의 증상은 복부불쾌감, 복부팽만감, 식욕부진 및 오심, 복부동통, 공기연하증, 고창 및 구토순이었으며, 증상의 개선은 복부불쾌감이 76.4%(13/17)로 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로 복부팽만감 및 공기연하증이 66.5%(10/15, 6/9)이었고, 오심 61.5%(8/13), 식욕부진 53.8%(7/13), 복부동통 41.6%(5/12), 고창 37.5%(3/8)이었다. 각 환자별 종합적인 증상의 개선도는 현저한 개선이 2예(10%), 중등도 개선이 3예(15%), 약간개선이 11예(55%), 불변이 4예(20%)이었으며 종합적인 유효율은 80%(16/20)이었다. 부작용은 한 예에서도 관찰되지 않았다. 결론 : 본 제제는 기능성 소화불량증 환자의 증상개선에 추천할 만한 유효한 약제로 생각된다. Dyspepsia is a common symptom in gastroenterologic practice and trigger for numerous consultations with physician. The treatment of chronic functional dyspesia is unsatisfactory. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the digestive compound (Winstal®) on 20 functional dyspepsia patients. On open trial, all patients were given 6 tablets daily for 2 weeks and we evaluated the efficacy of this preparation according to the degree of the improvement. The improvement of symptoms was 76.4%(13/17) in abdominal discomfort, 66.5%(10/15, 6/9) in abdominal distension and aerophagia, 61.5%(8/13) in nausea, 53.8%(7/13) in abdominal pain, and 37.5% (5/12) in flatulence, respectively. Overall effectiveness of subjective symptoms was 80% (16/20) and there were no untoward effects of the preparations during this study. As a result, We think that this preparation is an effective one to relieve symptoms of functional dyspepsia.

熱帶豆科作物 Winged Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus(L.) DC.)의 定植期와 收量

李龍三,尹晟鐸 濟州大學校 亞熱帶農業硏究所 1989 亞熱帶農業硏究 Vol.6 No.-

本 試驗은 TPT-8, UPS-63을 공시하여 定植時期에 따른 winged bean의 種實收量과 green pod 收量 그리고 이들의 수량구성요소를 조사하여 적정 정식기를 구명코자 시험하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 種實收穫區 및 green pod 收穫區 모두 開花所要日數는 정식일이 늦을수록 단축되는 경향이었으나 開花期는 거의 비슷하여 長日性植物로 판단되었다. 2. 定植期間 種實收量을 보면 5월 30일 定植期가 가장 수량이 많았으며 같은 정식기의 UPS-63이 185kg/10a로 가장 수량이 많았다. 3. 定植期間 green pod 收量은 5월 30일 定植期가 가장 수량이 많았으며 가장 수량이 많았던 구는 5월 30일 정식구의 TPT-8로 1834.3kg/10a이었다. Two varieties, TPT-8 and UPS-63 with three transplanting date of May 1, May 15 and May 30 were tested to determine optimum transplanting date of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) in relation to seed yield and green pod yield. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Days from planting to flowering were shorter as transplanting date got later in both seed harvest trial and green pod harvest trial. But flowering date was about the same time, indicating that winged bean is long-day plant. 2. Among transplanting dates, May 30 transplanting date yielded the highest seed yield and UPS-63 in the same transplanting date showed the highest seed yield by 185.0kg/10a. 3. Among transplanting date, May 30 transplanting date also yielded the highest green pod yield and TPT-8 in the same transplanting date obtained the highest yield by 1,834.3kg/10a.

유도전동기의 자속제어형 Inverter에 의한 가변속 운전

이승환,우정인,이준탁 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1987 硏究報告 Vol.11 No.2

Many techniques for variable speed drives of induction motor had been introduced. Recently, all of them are replaced by PWM control techniques with transitor inverter. But the troublesome problems appeared in variable speed drives include the determination of PWM switching patterns, the generation of control signals, the minimization of torque pulsation, acoustical noises, mechnical vibrations, harmonics and etc.. Therefore, the pursuits of high performance drives and compactness in control circuits without the aids of micro-computer or micro-processor with the functions of control and simple calculations are impossible. In this paper, one technique for the digital and software processing of all control factors is introduced. The determinations of PWM switching patterns are based on the selection of flux vector equivalent to the integral value of applied voltage during every sampling period. And, the real flux vector is controlled so that the trajectory of it can be tracked to the circularform one of ideal flux vector. Also, introduction of the concept of g-u-w plane from d-p plane make digitization and quantization of all control factors convenient. Specially, the predicted control techniques in selection of differential flux vector, Δλ, have functions which can compensate the delay time due to the micro-processor processing, so the real time control system by 8086 micro-processor, simulation and experimental results are in detail compared each other.

農産物 마아케팅의 戰略的 要素에 關한 實證的 分析 : 韓ㆍ中 比較 分析을 中心으로 with special reference to the comparative analysis in Korea and Taiwan

李成鐸,殷載基,鄭鎭守,朴載錄,柳鵬植 圓光大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.14 No.1

We have so far studied make the establishment of efficient marketing strategy model, through the functional and sectional comparison and analysis of farm products marketing in Korea and Taiwan. The following purposes to be analyzed are set up in order to match our facing request. 1. Consumers' demand must be efficiently reflected on production with practical study of price relation by which is made the change in structure of consumption and expenditure and in consumption pattern being backed up by economic growth. 2. The price fluctuation factors of agricultural products in marketing bottlenecks are to find out, by analyzing agricultural price and marketing channels on the lines of distribution. 3. Agricultural products must be distributed with minimum marketing costs and to stabilize sharp fluctuation of agricultural price by the innovation of marketing organizations and channels. 4. The purpose is set up to find out what structructures in marketing margins are main factors of the fluctuation of agricultural products price, by calculating costs and profits of marketing to each marketing channel. Through time series data (1962-1977) on the comparison of consumption structure between Korea and Taiwan, the following facts were found out; 1. In expenditures, items of urban house hold such as food expenditures hold the first place and these food expenditures show a decreasing tendency. 2. It was found out that manipulation in distribution of main farm products has caused a sharp fluctuation of price. Especialy, the fact that the rising rate of agricultural prices are higher than the total wholesale price index, and is directly linked with gain and loss of products and consumers. In view of the results that go with marketing bottlenecks, the agricultural price index has continually been higher than the wholesale price index and Korea's rising rate is higher than the total price index or the other hand, the receiving price rising rate of farms are very low and the purchasing price of farms is higher than the former. Although the agricultural wholesale price index of Taiwan is lower than that of Korea, it is higher than the total price index, and also higher than the receiving price increase rate. 3. Total margins may be composed of Marketing costs and profits, and it has been found out that profits form much more weight than marketing costs. 4. Analyzing these margins and costs to each channel, the margins ratio of main agricultural products in marketing margins shows its component weight; final stage; the first place, transit market; the second, assembly market; the third. In other words, retail organization which are final markets show the highest rate of margins. The fact that the margins and costs of the first stage of marketing are higher than the last presents premodern retail organizations. We can infer that differences and fluctutions of agricultural products prices are due to the considerable profit margins of final organizations. On the basis of caculated results between Korea and Taiwan, the following is suggested for the improvement of farm products marketing system in Korea. 1. It is requested to be converted from the increment policy of yield volume into marketing policy of price orientation as a fundamental measure for the modernization of agricultural marketing. 2. By keeping the fresh of agricultural products through the adoption of cold chain systems, the commercialization of agricultural products must be reconsidered and the demand for agricultural products must be created by the enhancement of processing technique for edibles. 3. A reasonable price of farm products must be arranged for each marketing channel by calculating margins of marketing channels, marketing costs and profits.

Lithium tantalate(LitaO₃) 單結晶 成長 條件에 관한 考察

李相南,許萬鐸 釜山工業大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.28 No.2

LataO₃단결정 성장을 위한 원료분말준비, 성장장치, 성장분위기, 결정회전비, 선형성장비와 중량성장비, 수직온도구내와 같은 성장조건들을 찾아보았다.

河川流域特性 因子의 單位流量圖에 미치는 영향

李舜鐸,安勝燮 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1987 연구보고 Vol.15 No.2

This study aims at the analyses of Flood runoff characteristics for small river basins by hydro-geomorphologic and storm parameters. In this paper, a study of the runoff characteristics of small river basins in Wi-Stream basin of Nak-Dong river is reported in which the variation of flood runoff volume and unit hydrograph shape is analysesed with respect to storm and basin characteristics. The results are based on the characteristics of rainfall, runoff hydrographs and basin conditions for storm enents between 1984 and 1986 on six basins in the Wi-Stream basin. Analysesed regration models in this study can be used to predict streamflow hydrographs on ungaged basins of similar types.

금속가공유 사용 근로자에서 발생한 과민성폐장염 1예

이선웅,고동희,진구원,박동욱,이정탁,송윤희,이상윤 大韓産業醫學會 2008 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

서론: 과민성폐장염의 원인물질로 금속가공유는 외국의 경우 작업장의 집단발병 사례들을 중심으로 많은 보고가 되어 왔으나 우리나라에서는 아직 보고되지 않았으며,저 자들은 금속가공유에 1년간 노출된 근로자에서 발생한 과민성폐장염 1예를 발견하였기에 작업환경측정을 시행한 후 작업관련성을 평가하여 보고하는 바이다. 증례: 64세 남자 환자가 1년간 강관을 절단하는 작업을 한 후 호흡곤란을 주소로 내원하였다 노출력,임상적 소견 및 방사선학적 소견을 토대로 과민성폐장염으로 진단되었다. 작업환경 측정결과 공기 중 금속가공유,엔도 톡신,총 세균 및 곰팡이는 각각 0.531 mg/m³, 6.33 EU/m³ 100 CFU/m³ 및 75 CFU/m³이었고,금속가 공유 내 엔도톡신,총세균 및 곰팡이는 각각 1.5x10⁴EU/mL,4.6x10^(5) CFU/mL 및 1.8×10^(5) CFU/mL이었다. 고찰: 금속가공유 내의 원인항원에 대한 침강항체를 검사하지 못했으나,작업환경 측정결과 금속가공유가 일반적인 허용가능 수준 이상으로 오염되었으며,기존의 과민성폐장염 발생 사례들과 비슷한 수준 또는 그 이상으로 오염되어 있었다. 공기 중 금속가공유 농도 역사 NIOSH의 REL과 ACGIH의 NIC를 초과하고,기존의 사례들에 비해서도 대체적으로 높은 수준 이었다. 금속가공유 이외의 다른 원인에 대한 감별과 기존의 발생사례들과의 노출수준 비교를 통하여,저자들은 환자가 금속가공유에 의한 미생물 항원에 노출되어 과민성폐장염이 발생한 것으로 판단하였다. Introduction: There have been no reports of hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by metal working fluids in Korea, despite their existence in other countries. Here, we report the first such case, along with an assessment of work-relatedness through exposure assessment. Case report: A 64-year old male patient visited the hospital with dyspnea after metal pipe cutting for about a year. He was diagnosed with hypersensitivity pneumonitis from the evidence of specific exposure history, clinical symptoms, and radiologic findings. The air exposure levels of the oil mist, endotoxin, total bacteria and fungus in the work environment was TWA(8-hr) 0.531 mg/m³, 6.33 EU/m³, 100 CFU/m₃ and 75 CFU/m³, respectively. The concentrations of the endotoxin, total bacteria and fungus within the metal working fluid was 1.5 X 10⁴EU/mL, 4.6 X 10^(5) CFU/mL and 1.8 X 10^(5) CFU/mL, respectively. Discussion: Although the patient did not receive a specific precipitating antibody test, the microbial concentration within the metal working fluid was higher than normal and similar to previous case reports, The oil mist level in the air exceeded the NIOSH REL and ACGIH NIC, and were similar or higher than previous cases. By excluding other causes of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, we concluded that the disease developed from exposure to microbial antigens in the metal working fluid.