Craves병 환자에서 백혈구와 갑상선 조직의 HLA-DR β 유전자 부위의 비교

양인명,우정택,팽정령,서광식,김성운,김영설,김광원,최영길 경희대학교 유전공학연구소 1989 遺傳工學論文集 Vol.1 No.-

정상 갑상선세포에서는 HLA-DR 항원이 발현되지 않았으나, 그레이브스병 환자의 갑상선세포 표면에는 HLA-DR 항원이 발현됨이 보고되어, 이러한 현상은 이 질환의 자가면역 기전에 중요한 역할을 하고 있을 것으로 생각되고 있다. 한편 최근 DR이나 DQ 유전자의 상부 159kb 이내에는 이들의 발현을 조절하는 유전자가 존재함이 알려져 있고, 이 부위의 구조적인 변화로 인하여 DR DQ 유전자의 발현을 유도하는 여러 가지 핵내 인자들과 interferon-r 와 같은 외부인 자들이 보고되고 있다. 그러나 그레이브스병에서 이들 유전자 부위의 구조적인 변화에 관해서는 아직 보고가 없다. 이에 본 연구자 등은 이러한 가능성 여부를 규명하고자 2명의 전형적인 그레이브스병 환자의 수술 우 얻어낸 갑상선 조직에서 RNA를 분리한 우 DR β유전자를 소식자로 northem blotting을 하여 mRNA의 발현을 관찰하였으며, 말초혈액 백혈구와 갑상선 조직으로부터 분리된 DNA를 EcoRI BamHI. HindⅢ PvuⅡ TaqI, PstI등의 6가지 제한효소로 소화한 후 DR β유전자를 소식자로 하여 RFLP 양상을 비교한 결과, 환자 모두에서 mRNA의 발현이 관찰되었으나, 환자 모두에서 6가지 제한효소에 의한 RFLP 양상이 동일하였다. 이러한 결과는 Graves병 환자의 DR 유전자의 발현에 있어서 이 유전자 부위의 구조적인 변화가 관여할 가능성이 적음을 시사하는 사실이라고 사료되나 향후 더 많은 예와 더 많은 제한효소를 이용한 주시가 필요할 것이다. The requirement for major histocompatibility antigen class Ⅱ molecules in the recognition of antigen by helper T cells suggests that the expression of class Ⅱ antigen may be important in the initiation and prolongation of immunopathology. HLA class Ⅱ antigenes are expressed on the surface of thyrocytes of the patients with graves disease. The increased expression of class Ⅱgene can be induced by trans acting factor such as interferon However the possibility of rearrangement of their regulatory genes has not been explored so far. We studied the mRNA expression in the thyrocytes of 2 patients with Graves' disease and compared the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) between thyroid and peripheral leukocyte DNA. The prominent expression of mRNA was observed in the thyroid tissues of all the two patients. But we did not find any difference in RFLP pattern in both patients. These results suggest the possibility that the rearrangement of the regulatory gene located in the upstream of DR- β gene can be a role in expression of DR antigen is less likely.

카라기난 분해효소 생산균의 분리, 동정, 및 효소생산 최적 조건

양승택,주동식,박중제,이정석,김명식,이응호 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.6

해양 동식물, 토양 등으로부터 분리한 카라기난 분해능이 확인되었던 80여 균중에서 환원당 생성능이 가장 높았던 strain no.43 균주를 최종 시험균주로 선택하여 이 균주의 최적 효소 생산 조건을 실험하였다. 질소원으로는 nutrient broth 0.7% 농도가 가장 적절한 조건이었고, 탄소원의 농도는 카라기난 0.2%가 가장 높은 효소활성을 나타내었다. NaCl 농도는 1.5%, pH, 온도는 각각 7.0, 30℃로 이 조건에서 96시간 배양하는 것이 가장 적절한 효소 생산 조건이었음이 확인되었다. 각종 생화학 실험을 통해 동정을 행한 결과 그람음성 간균으로 oxidase, catalase 생성의 호기성균, indole 비생성, proline, arginine, serine, citrate, lactate 이용성, gelatin 액화, glucose, fructose, maltose 비이용, mannitol 이용 등의 특성으로부터 Pseudomonas alcaligenes로 동정할 수 있었고 Pseudomonas alcaligenes JCL-43으로 명명하였다. The 80 strains which produce carrageenan degrading enzyme were isolated from soils, mud, seaweed, marine moluscus and echonodermata samples. Among them, one isolated strain, which showed the highest activity to produced carrageenan degrading enzyme, was used for this study. The isolated strain was identified as Pseudomonas alcaligenes through its morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics. The best conditions for enzyme production were 0.7% nutrient broth and 0.2% carrageenan as nitrogen and carbon source, respectively. The optimal pH, NaCl, temperature and culture time for carrageenan degrading enzyme were 7.0, 1.5%, 30* and 96hrs, respectively.

Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzyme의 Cellulose Acetate Microzone 電氣泳動 및 組織化學的 檢索

楊聖基,金在植,金重明 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1979 慶北醫大誌 Vol.20 No.2

正常 成人의 血淸 ALP 活性은 主 分劃이 α_2 肝分劃이었고, 副 分劃은 α_2 /β骨分劃을 나타내었고 發育期의 小兒에서는 骨分劃이 主 分劃으로 나타났고, 肝分劃은 副 分劃이었으며, 新生兒 臍帶血淸에서는 骨分劃만을 主로 나타내었으며, 胎兒에서는 骨分劃과 가장 移動度가 바른 Alb分劃을 나타내었고, 姙婦의 血淸에서는 骨分劃과 같은 移動度를 보였으나 熱에 安定한 胎盤分劃을 나타내었다. 各種 病患別로 ALP CAM 血淸電氣泳動像에서 肝癌은 主로 肝分劃, 骨分劃 및 α_1分劃을 보였고 急性바이러스性肝炎은 主로 肝分劃, 骨分劃 및 Alb分劃을 나타내었고, Choloangioma는 主로 肝分劃과 骨分劃에 α_1과 Alb分劃을 同時에 나타내어 比較的을 特異하였고, 骨病患에서는 거의 特徵的으로 骨分劃을 나타내었고, 胃腸病患과 肺硬化症에서 드물게 特異的 腸分劃을 타타내었다. L+α_1分劃像을 나타낸 肝癌 69例中 原發性肝癌의 從來의 診斷手段을 통하여 cold area만 시행되었던 例가 35例(50.7%), 符合되었던 例中 cold area에 肝針生檢 또는 肝針吸引細胞診 供行例가 15例(21.7%) 細胞診만 施行된 例가 2例(2.9%)이었으며, 이것은 肝癌에 特異하다고 보았다. 各種 臟器組織의 抽出液에 對한 ALP CAM 電氣泳動像에서 肝臟은 血淸의 肝分劃에 該當되는 肝分劃을, 骨은 骨分劃을, 胎盤은 胎盤分劃을, 腸은 腸分劃을, 그리고 腎臟은 腎分劃을 보여 주었고 腎分劃은 血淸에서 아주 드물게 나타나는 것 같았다. 名種 臟器組織에 있어서 ALPI의 活性度는 凍結簿切標本의 肉眠的 所見으로 胎盤, 肝, 腎, 腸, 脾의 順으로 낮았고, 肉筋은 陰性이었으며, 腎臟은 皮質에만 陽性이었고, 鏡檢으로 肝은 主로 bile canaliculi에 極度의 活性을 보였고 肝細胞內에도 若干 認定되었고, 腎臟은 皮質의 近位曲細尿管上皮細胞屬에 ALP活性을 極度로 나타내었으며, 胎盤은 syncytial troplast에 ALP活性을 極度로 나타내었고, 脾臟은 red pulp의 sinusoid에, 그리고 腸은 粘膜屬에만 中等度로 活性을 나타내었고, 空腸에서는 極度로 ALP活性을 보였다. 白血球增加症 例의 미소백혈구 에는 細胞質內에 多樣하게 顆粒狀의 ALP活性을 보였다. 姙娠週數에 胎盤組織과 姙婦血淸에 對한 ALP CAM 電氣泳動 및 組織化學的 檢索에서 ALP 活性은 共히 姙娠週數에 比例하여 增加하였고 末期에 極度에 達하였다. The cellulose acetate microzone electrophoreses of CAME (ALPI) were performed on the sera and various organ tissues, to estimate the source of ALP in the serum of normal physiological and pathological conditions. On the ALP CAME finding, normal adult serum revealed α_2 fraction(liver)as the major fraction and α_2/βfaction (bone) as minor, However, opposite results were obtained from sera of growing child and newborn infant. Sera of premature infants revealed the fastest moving albumin fraction (Alb) and α_2βfraction, and sera of pregnant women, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy revealed heat stable α_2βfraction (placenta) as the major ones and trace of α_2 fraction as the minor. On the ALPI CAME finding in various diseases, liver and α_1 pattern(L+α_1) mainly confined to hepatoma in 94.0 percent, followed by liver abscess in 88.9%, liver and Alb pattern (L+Alb )to acute viral hepatitis and extrahepatic obstructive jaundice in 100% respectively, liver, Alb and α_1 pattern (L+Alb+α_1)to cholangioma in 87.5% liver and β/γ(intestine) pattern(L+I) only to liver cirrhosis, and liver and bone pattern (L+B) to bone diseases only. Therefore these patterns seemed to be specific in the clinical diagnosis. On the ALP CAME findings of various organ-tissue extracts, liver revealed liver fraction, bone and spleen bone fraction, kidney γ/ fraction (kidney) as well as liver fraction as a minor fraction, placenta heat stable α_2/β(placenta) as a major fraction, intestine of fraction, the lung broad fraction from liver to intestineal fraction. However hepatoma and brain tissues did not showed any fraction at all. On the gross inspection of stained slides of ALP from various organ-tissues, such as placenta of the third thrimester pregnancy, kidney, liver, spleen and lymph node, revealed diffuse and strong activity, lung and thyroid revealed diffuse and moderately strong activities, the mucosa of jejunum and the lobule of the breast, revealed strong activities, the mucosa of stomach, colon, rectum, gall bladder and endometrium moderate activities, muscle did not showed any visible activity. Microscopically the organ-tissue ALP were observed mainly in bile canaliculi and portal triad, syncycial bud and sprout of placenta, mucosal cell of jejunum and around the mucosal cells of stomach, colon, rectum, proximal convoluted tubule of renal cortex, osteoblast, sinusoid of splenic red pulp, around the germinalcenter in lymph node, intima of blood vessel, alreolar cell in lung, colloidal follicle of thyroid gland, and endometriu in. Along with progression of gestational weeks, ALP activities of both serum and placental tissue were increased gradually and reached maximum at 40 weeks gestation. The source of elevation of serum ALP activity seemed to be originated mainly from diseased liver and bone, infrequently from kidney and intestine, and possibly from the other tissues.

인삼엽에서 superoxide dismutase Activity 측정 및 Isozyme pattern 검정

양덕조, 김명식, 이성종 忠北大學校部設基礎科學硏究所 1987 自然科學硏究 Vol.1 No.1

-본문참고-

어린이에서 안검봉합시 흡수봉합사의 이용

김상덕,양연식,김재덕 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1995 圓光醫科學 Vol.11 No.1

This prospective clinical study was conducted to observe the outcome of surgical skin wound closure in the lower eyelid using absorbable suture material in young children. We operated 30 eyes of 15 patients for entropion and epiblepharon using 6-0 chromic catgut. The patients were carefully examed 1 day, 7 days, 10 days, and 3 months postoperatively for inflammation, wound infection and grossly visible scar. During the follow-up, 6-0 chromic catgut was absorbed and spontaneously disappeared between 7 days and 10 days. There were no inflammation and wound infection in all cases. But the partial visible scar by wound dehiscences was noted in one case. Considering these finding, we think that skin closure with chromic catgut has the advantages of the avoidance of patient discomfort, suture removal, and time spared for the surgeon. Especially, this is extremely helpful in young children.

총담관 결찰후 집토끼 소엽사이담관의 미세구조적 연구

이상은,박경호,양남길,안의태,고정식 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.2

담소관은 담즙의 성분중 수분과 무기전해질의 분비 및 흡수기능을 가지고 있는데, 총담관을 결찰하여 인위적으로 담즙울체를 일으킨 후 담소관상피세포의 미세구조적변화를 알아보기 위하여 본 실험을 시행하였다. 집토끼의 총담관을 결찰하고 1일, 3일, 5일, 7일, 및 14일이 경과된 후 간조직을 떼어 전자현미경관찰을 위한 통상적인 방법에 따라 고정, 탈수, 포매의 과정을 거친 다음 전자현미경관찰용 절편을 만들어 JEM 100CX Ⅱ 투과전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 정상 담소관상피세포는 입방형이며, 내강이 커질수록 원주상으로 변하며, 가끔 전자밀도가 높은 세포가 나타났다. 2. 담소관담상피세포의 자유면은 미세융모가 돌출되어 있으며, 드물게 섬모도 관찰되었다. 세포의 위쪽 측면은 폐쇄띠, 부착띠, 부착반을 가진 연접을 이루었으며, 아래 쪽은 미세주름이 나타났고, 기저면은 기저막으로 둘러 싸여 있었다. 3. 총담관결찰 후 담소관은 그 내강이 확장되면서 상피세포의 미세융모의 수는 줄었으며 팽대되었고, 미세사의 증식이 현저하였다. 4. 총담관결찰 후 담소관상피세포 사이의 부착띠가 더욱 발달되는 경향을 보였다. 5. 총담관결찰 후 담소관상피의 기저막은 부분적인 파괴가 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과에서 미세융모의 감소, 내강의 확장 및 기저막의 부분적인 파괴등은 담즙울체로 인하여 담관내의 압력이 증가하므로 나타나는 담소관상피세포의 형태적 변화라 생각된다. The bile ductule is known to have the function of and the secretion and the reabsorption of the bile juice, especially water and inorganic electrolytes. This experiments was performed to study the ultra sturctural changes of the bile ductule of the rabbit liver after common bile duct ligation. Common bilt duct ligation was performed under ether anesthesia. The rabbits were sacrificed on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 14th day after the operation. Small blocs of livers were fixed 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde solution, followed by 1% osmium tetroxide, embedded in araldite mixture, cut with LKB-V ultratome, stained with uranyl acetate- lead citrate, and observed with JEM 100CX II electron microscope. The results were as follows: 1. The cytoplasm of normal bile ductular epithelial cell shows lighter density as compared with that of the of the hepatocyte. Occasional dark cells can be seen between the light ductular cells. 2. On the apical free surface of the normal ductular cells, numerous microvilli project into the lumen, and occasional cilia have been observed. The apical pole of lateral surface exhibits junctional complex, including tight junction, intermediate junction and desmosmes, whereas basal pole have a complex interdigitations. Ductular cell rests on a basal lamina. 3. After the common bile duct ligation, bile ductule showed enlargement of lumen, swelling and reduction of microvilli and proliferation of microfilaments. 4. After the common bile duct ligation, bile ductule showed well developed junctional complex and focally duplicated and thickened basal lamina. From the above results, it was concluded that in the acute cholestasis induced by common bile duct ligation, bile ductular cell shows morphological changes, probably to keep the ductular wall from the increasing intraductular pressure.

구급일지를 통한 병원 전 환잔 분류 및 처치의 적절성 평가 연구

민순식,김재광,이근,박철완,양혁준,류일,현성열,이훈규,정환모,김윤 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Background: Recently, patients' demands for emergency medicine are increasing, and most of prehospital medical care, including basic life support, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and triage, are provided by paramedics or emergency medical technicians. Evaluation of the adequacy of prehospital management and triage has become important for improving the quality and the effectiveness of the emergency medical system. Methods: The 202 patients who were transferred by ambulance with paramedics, nurses, or emergency medical technicians to the Emergency Department in Gil Medical Center from July 1, 1999, to September 31, 1999, were enrolled. This study was conducted prospectively by using the emergency physician,s log and newly devised protocols recorded by paramedics or nurses. Results: 1) Male to female ratio was 1: 0.8, and the peak age of the patients were the 4th(18.8%) and 6th decade(15.3%). 2) Of the 202 patients, 84 patients were transferred for trauma and 118 for medical problems. The mean transfer time was 6±1.73 minutes. 3) The validities of prehospital triage and decisions using the trauma severity measure and the disease severity measure, were 33.3% in trauma patients and 57.6% in medical patients.4) The results for the adequacy rate in prehospital management analyzed by using the rate of necessity of treatment. performance of treatment, and adequate treatment were as follows: oxygen supply.38.1/41.6/93.8 ; wound dressing. 19.3/71.8/92.9 ; immobilization of the cervical spine, 15.8/56.3/92.9 ; application of a spinal board. 12.9/42.3/72.7 ; application of a splint, 9.9/50.0/60.0 ; manual maintenance of an airway. 9.9/55.0/63.6 ; and CPR, 4.5/66.7/0. 5) Kind of ALS(Advanced Life Support) were not conducted(peripheral IV, EKG. intubation, medical administration. defibrillation, pacing). The rates of necessity of treatment were as follows: peripheral IV, 40.6%; ECG monitoring, 23.3% ; endotracheal intubation, 8.9% ; medical administration, 8.9% ; defibrillation. 3.5%; and pacing. 1.5% Conclusion: The adequacy of prehospital triage and decisions using trauma and disease severity measures was relatively low. To improve the adequacy of BLS(Basic Life Support) and to increase the performance of ALS(Advanced Life Support), we must create challenges to develop new protocols and to supplement new equipment.

XLPE/EDPM의 이층구조 절연체의 공간전하 분포와 전기전도 특성

박강식,한상옥,박양범 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1996 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.11 No.2

In order to investigate effects of interfacial condition affecting to electrical properties of double layered insulation materials, distribution of space charge at interface are investigated with electrode condition, treating condition of specimens, and that electrical breakdown voltage of that are measured as functions of temperature and pressure in thickness mode. It was shown that homo charges are formed in a pure EPDM crosslinked by dicumyl peroxide and decreased with increasing the fraction of filler ATH. treating EPDM with vacuum, homo charges are also decreased. This is probably due to the fact that vaporization of hydrate group by vacuum made traps increasing. Morever, increasing temperature, density of the space charges at interfacial layer were diminished. Conduction current of different kinds of insulation material XLPE/EPDM was lower than that of same kinds of insulation material XLPE/EPDM and XLPE/EPDM. On pressure, conduction current of same kinds of insulation meterials were almost shown steady state under the region of 65(N/㎡). Also, with increasing the pressure over the region, steep change were appeared. Different kinds of insulation material XLPE/EPDM, however, were the smallest of them and unchanged.

초음파 및 적외선 센서를 이용한 자율이동로봇의 확률지도 형성에 관한 연구

안양준,진광식,윤태성 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産技硏論文集 Vol.16 No.-

For the navigation of an autonomous mobile robot in complex environment, the map building of the environment is needed using sensors. The ultrasonic sensor is low cost, easy to install and has high-speed information processing persormance. Environment recognition using ultrasonic sensors, however, has two major problems: the uncertainty information of sensor and false readings caused by specular reflection and multipath effect. In order to resolve these problems, an map building method using Bayesian update model was proposed previously[5]. In this paper, we present an improved method of probability map building that uses infrared sonsors and shift division Gaussian probability distribution with the existed Bayesian update model using ultrasonic sensors. The validity and the persormance of the improved map building method are examined by simulation and experiment with real mobile robot.

생물학적 자극 통제 수단으로 활용하기 위한 돼지 페로몬성 냄새 물질의 탐색 III : 2-Cyclohexyloxytetrahydrofurane 유도체와 Porcine Odorant Binding Protein 사이의 결합 친화력에 관한 2D-QSAR 모델

박창식,최양석,성낙도 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2007 논문집 Vol. No.10

가축의 번식과 수요를 조절할 수 있는 생물학적 자극 통제 수단으로 새로운 돼지 페르몬성 냄새 물질를 탐색하고자,기질 분자로서 2-cyclohexyloxytetrahydrofurane(A), 2-phenoxytetrahydrofurane (B) 유도체들의 설명인자인 물리화학 파라미터와 돼지 페로몬의 수용체 (pOBP)에 대한 결합 친화력 상수(p[Od.]_(50)) 간의 2D-QSAR 모델을 유도하고 검토하였다. 2D-QSAR 모델은 결합 친화력 상수률 약 96.4% 설명하는 매우 양호한 모델(r²=O.964)로서 분자내 치환기의 소수성 (SL) 상수에 관한 적정값이 (SL)_(opt.)=1.418일 때 가장 높은 결합 친화력올 나타냄을 알았다. 그러므로 분자내 치환기의 소수성 인자가 결합 친화력 상수에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 중요한 요소이었다. To search of a new porcine pheromonal odorant for biostimulation control system technologies to offer a potentially useful and practical way to improve reproductive efficiency in livestock species, the two dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models between physicochemical parameters as descriptors of 2-cydohexyloxytetrahydrofurane (A), 2-phenoxytetrahydrofurane (8) analogues and binding affinity constants (p [Od.]_(50)) for porcine odorant-binding protein (pOBP) as receptor of pig pheromones were derived and disscused. The statistical quality of the opdmized 2D-QSAR model is good (r²=.964) and accounts for 96.4% of the variance in the binding affinity corstents, It was found that the binding affinity constants were dependent upon the optimal value, (SL)_(opt.)=1.418 of substituent lipole (SL) in molecules. Therefore, the SL constant was very important factor for binding affinity.