심근경색 모델 흰쥐에서 스트레스가 B-type Natriuretic Peptide 발현 및 심박변이율 변화에 미치는 영향

이삼윤(Sam Youn Lee),이미경(Mi Kyoung Lee),김남호(Nam-ho Kim),주민철(Min Cheol Joo),조항정(Hyang Jeong Jo),강지숙(Ji Sook Kang),김병숙(Byung Sook Kim),윤선식(Sun Sik Yoon),최을식(Eul Sig Choi),이문영(Moon Young Lee) 대한스트레스학회 2010 스트레스硏究 Vol.18 No.3

심박변이율의 감소는 심근 경색 환자에서 예후의 악화와 관련되어 있다. 심박변이율 중 very low frequency가 심부전환자의 예후를 판단할 수 있는 독립적 인자로서 사용이 가능하다고 보고된 바 있으며, 심실의 압력 증가에 반응해서 생성되는 B-type natriuretic peptide가 심근 경색의 예후 인자로서 사용할 수 있음 역시 보고된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 심근경색 모델을 제작하여 일정의 회복 기간을 거친 다음 다시 일정 기간의 스트레스를 겪게 한 후 심박변이율의 변화 및 심실 조직에서의 BNP 발현 정도를 비교하여 스트레스에 의한 영향을 관찰하고자 하였다. Sprague-Dawley계 수컷 흰쥐 15마리를 대상으로 하였다. 실험동물은 인위적 스트레스 및 수술을 받지 않은 대조군(CON, n=5), 심근경색 수술을 받은 후 restraint stress를 받지 않은 군(MI+No Stress, n=5), 심근경색 수술을 받은 후 1주일 동안 restraint stress를 받은 군(MI+Stress, n=5)으로 분류하였다. 심근경색 모델 제작 직후 15분 이상 심전도의 변화를 기록하였으며, 2개월 정도 후 심근경색 수술을 받은 동물을 두 군으로 나누어 그 중 한 군에는 1주일 동안 restraint stress를 가한 후 restraint stress를 가하지 않은 동물과 심박변이율을 비교 분석하였다. 심실 조직은 좌심실 전벽 부위의 위축을 관찰할 수 있었고, 대식세포에 의하여 응고, 괴사된 심근세포의 탐식과 혈관이 풍부한 육아조직 및 섬유 변화를 볼 수 있었다. 심박변이율은 심근경색 수술을 받은 직후 심박수는 유의한 증가를 보였고, standard deviation of the normal to normal intervals (SDNN), very low frequency (VLF) 및 low frequency (LF)의 유의한 감소를 보였다. 심근경색 수술을 받았던 동물에서 두 달 정도의 회복 기간을 거친 후 스트레스를 받지 않은 군은 심박수 및 기타 심박변이율 분석에서 SDNN 값을 제외하고는 정상군과 유의한 차이를 관찰할 수 없었던 반면 1주일 동안 스트레스를 받은 군에서는 심박수가 다시 유의하게 증가했을 뿐만 아니라 SDNN, VLF 및 LF 역시 정상군과 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 심근경색 동물에 대해 1주일 동안 스트레스를 가한 결과 심박변이율이 감소하고 심실에서의 BNP 발현은 더욱 증가하여 악화함을 보여주고 있다. Diminished heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with less favorable prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI). It has been reported that very low frequency (VLF) power in HRV analysis is an independent risk predictor in patients with congestive heart failure and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) can be used as a prognostic factor of MI. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether stress has an effect to the changes of BNP expression and/or heart rate variability in MI model in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: control group (CON), MI group (MI+No Stress), and MI followed by stress group (MI+Stress). MI+Stress group rats were raised for a two month recovery period after the operation, followed by being exposed to restraint stress for 2 hours per day for 1 week. Electrocardiogram was recorded after the operation and the last day after 1 week of stress. The frequency components of HRV were calculated in the frequency domain such as VLF, low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and so on. In HRV analysis, standard deviation of the normal to normal intervals (SDNN) was significantly reduced in both groups compared to the control group. VLF and LF also were significantly reduced in MI+Stress group compared to the control groups. In addition, BNP expression in western blotting was shown the strongest bands in MI+ Stress group among experimental groups. These results suggest that BNP and HRV were aggravated by stress in MI rat model. (Korean J Str Res 2010;18:275∼285)

5-7세 유아들을 위한 영어노래의 분석적 연구

문미경 The English Linguistic Science Association of Kore 2000 English Linguistic Science Vol.4 No.-

Benzoyl peroxide의 환경에서의 초기 위해성 평가

김미경,배희경,김수현,송상환,구현주,박광식,이문순,전성환,나진균 한국환경독성학회 2004 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Benzoyl peroxide is a High Production Volume Chemical, which is produced about 1,375 tons/year in Korea as of 2001 survey. The substance is mainly used as initiators in polymerization, catalysts in hte plastics industry, bleaching agents for flour nad medication for acne vulgaris. In this study, quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships(QSAR) are used for getting adequate information on the physical-chemical properties of this chemical. And hydrolysis in water, acute toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial organisms for benzoyl peroxide were studied. The physical-chemical properties of benzoyl peroxide were estimated as followed; vapor pressure=0.00929 pa, Log K_(ow)=3.43, Henry's Law constant=3.54×10^(-6) atm-m³/mole at 25℃, the half-life of photodegradation=3days and bioconcentration factor(BCF)=92. Hydrolysis half-life of benzoyl peroxide in water was 5.2hr at pH 7 at 25℃ and according to the structure of this substance hydrolysis product was expected to benzoic acid. Benzoyl peroxide has toxic effects on the aquatic organisms. 72 hr-ErC_(50)(growth rate) for algae was 0.44mg/L, 48hr-EC_(50) for daphnia was 0.07mg/L and the 96hr-LC_(50) of acute toxicity to fish was 0.24mg/L. Acute toxicity to terrestrial organisms(earth worm) of benzoyl peroxide was low(14 day-LC_(50)=>1,000mg/kg). Although benzoyl peroxide is high toxic to aquatic organisms, the substance is not bioaccumulated because of the rapid removal by hydrolysis (half life=5.2hr at pH 7 at 25℃) and biodegradation(8.% by BOD after 21days). The toxicity observed is assumed to be due to benzoyl peroxide rather than benzoic acid, which shows much lower toxicity to aquatic organisms. One can assume that effects occur before hydrolysis takes place. From the acute toxicity value of algae, daphnia and fish, an assessment factor of 100 was used to determine the predicted no effect concentration(PNEC). The PNEC was calculated to be 0.7㎍/L based on the 48hr-EC_(50) daphnia(0.07mg/L). The substance shows high acute toxicity to aquatic organisms and some information indicates wide-dispersive use of this substance. So this substance is a candidate for further work, even if it hydrolysis rapidly and has a low bioaccumulation potential. This could lead to local concern for the aquatic environment and therefore environmental exposure assessment is recommended.

Ayres의 감각통합중재 중심원리에 따른 치료사의 치료수행도 조사

홍은경,김경미,장문영 대한감각통합치료학회 2011 대한감각통합치료학회지 Vol.9 No.1

목적 : 본 연구에서는 자기-평가 방법을 이용하여 Ayres의 감각통합중재 중심 원리를 바탕으로 한 치료사의 치료적 수행 정도를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 연구기간은 2010년 5월부터 6월까지이었고, 연구대상은 감각통합중재를 하고 있는 치료사 66명이었 다. 자기 기입식 설문지를 이용하여 Ayres의 감각통합중재 중심원리에 따라 치료를 수행하는 정도를 자기-평가 하도록 하였다. 설문지는 감각의 기회제공, 적절한 도전의 과제 제공, 활동을 선택할 기회 제공 등 Ayres의 감각통 합중재 중심 원리에 대한 10가지 항목으로 구성하였다. 총 66부의 수거된 설문지는 기술통계를 이용하여 분석하 였고, T 값을 통해 퍼센타일을 알아보았다. 결과 : 모든 치료사들은 Ayres의 감각통합중재 중심 원리의 10가지를 모두 고려하여 치료하는 것으로 나타났다. 10가지 Ayres의 감각통합중재 중심 원리 중 자기 조직화 가이드 중심 원리를 제외하고 90%이상에서 종종, 자주, 항상 고려하여 치료하고 있었다. 감각의 기회제공, 적절한 과제제공, 활동 선택 기회제공, 아동의 성공을 최대화, 신체적 안전성 보장, 치료적 존중의 감정 조성은 T 값 50점 이상을 나타냈다. 자기 조직화 가이드, 적절한 각성 유 지, 놀이 환경의 조성, 아동이 치료실 정리에 참여는 T 값 50점 이하를 나타냈다. 결론 : 지속적인 Ayres의 감각통합중재 중심 원리에 따른 치료사의 자기 수행에 대한 평가를 통해 치료의 질을 점 검하고 높이는 것이 필요하다. Purpose : In this study, we tried to know that how the occupational therapists applied the core principles of Ayres's sensory integration(ASI) intervention for clients by using the method of self-assessment. Methods : The study period was from May 2010 to June 2010. The subjects were therapists who use a sensory integration intervention. We letted them to do self-assessment about degree of performing the treatment according to the core principles of ASI by using a questionnaire. Total 66 questionnaires were collected. SPSS for Windows version 15.0 was statistically analyzed. Results : There wasn't anybody without considering the 10 core principles of ASI interventions for children. Therapist's answer(more than 90%) was sometimes, often, always except for the guide self-organization in the 10 core principles of ASI intervention. On the basis of total average score of raw score of 10 core principles of ASI intervention, provide sensory opportunities, provide just-right challenges, collaborate on activity choice, maximize child's success, ensure physical safety, and foster therapeutic alliance showed more than 50 points(T value). The guide self-organization, support optimal arousal, create play context, and arrange room to engage child showed less than 50 points T value. Conclusion : The most effective interventions for sensory integration is the treatment based on the core principles of ASI intervention. According to core principle of ASI intervention, checking the quality of care and increasing the quality of care is needed through performing self-assessment.

율촌 LNG 발전소의 공냉식 복수기 사용에 따른 열확산 수치모의

김유근,이화운,문윤섭,황미경 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 環境硏究報 Vol.18 No.-

In this study, thermal diffusion caused by using air cooled condenser at LNG power plant in Yulchon was simulated through in numerical method (Matsuno scheme). The input data of model was used to seasonal wind components (u, v) of automatic weather system (AWS) and seasonal temperature ranges between inflow and outflow of opening air. The aim of this study was twofold : (1) to investigate sensibility analysis of thermal diffusion coefficient : (2) to simulate diffusion of heat source through the calculated effect height for season and stability variations. These sensibility analyses were performed in detail using two case studies one is to apply horizontal and vertical thermal diffusion coefficient as 50 m-ls-1 and 10 m-ls-1, the other is 30 m-ls-1 and 10 m-ls-1 respectively. It is well known that the sensibility for thermal diffusion coefficient is low owning to very similar results. Consequently, thermal diffusion for the first case is simulated by using effect height for season and stability variation. The temperature is under 1℃ at surface whereas that is high at near the center of effect height.

창원지역에서의 대기오염물질 배출량 산정

김유근,박상철,문윤섭,오인보,황미경 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2002 環境硏究報 Vol.20 No.-

Emissions of air pollutants (TSP, SO2, NO2, CO, and HC) was estimated in Changwon city that has the industrial complex and basin terrain. We found that the emissions of TSP, SO2, NO2, CO, and HC were 897 tons, 3,287 tons, 5,706 tons, 10,057 tons, and 1,470 tons for a year, respectively and the main source of air pollutants were vehicle. The ratios of vehicle emissions to total emissions ware TSP 63.8%, SO2 26.1%, NO2 65.5%, CO 91.0%, HC 94.4%. The ratios of industry emissions to total emissions were TSP 30.8%, SO2 60.2%, NO2 25.2%, CO 6.4%, HC 3.7%. The ratio of life emissions to total emissions are TSP 5.4%, SO2 13.7%, NO2 9.3%, CO 2.6%, HC 1.9%. The concentration distributions of air pollutants simulated by ISCST3 model were similar to its emission distributions, and relatively high concentrations of air pollutants occurred in the Palyong-dong (industrial area) and Banlim and Chungang (residual area).

낙동강 원수의 생물활성탄 및 오존처리공정에 따른 수질 변화 및 폴리오바이러스의 제거특성

정은영,박홍기,이유정,정종문,정미은,홍용기,장경립,Jung Eun-Young,Park Hong-Ki,Lee You-Jung,Jung Jong-moon,Jung Mi-Eun,Hong Yong-Ki,Jang Kyoung-Lib 한국생명과학회 2005 생명과학회지 Vol.15 No.5

오존처리는 음용수중의 유해한 미생물을 소독하는 처리기술로 주로 이용되고 있으며, 생물활성탄 처리기술 역시 오염물질 제거를 포함한 음용수 제조과정에 여러 가지 이점을 제공한다. 이글의 병행처리는 원수중의 여러 물질을 제거하는데 효과적인 공정으로 간주되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 낙동강 하류의 매리취수장 원수를 사용하여 생물활성탄 정수처리공정 및 오존에 의한 수질 변화와 함께 폴리오바이러스 제거 효율을 조사하였다. 수질인자들은 BAC 여과를 거치면서 $NH^{+}_{4}-N$등을 포함한 모든 항목들은 거의 제거되는 것으로 나타났다. Pilot-plant를 이용한 정수처리공정별 폴리오바이러스 제거실험에서는 전오존 접촉에 의해 $96.8\%$, 침전단계에서$99.3\%$, 여과단계에서 $99.6\%$의 바이러스가 제거되었으며, 후오존을 거친 BAC 여과수 시료에서는 세포배양법과 ICC-PCR 방법에서 바이러스가 $100\%$ 제거되어짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 오존농도에 의한 폴리오바이러스 제거실험 결과 0.4mg/1에서 5분간 접촉되었을 때는 약 $61.1\%$ 이상이, 0.8mg/1에서 10분 이상 접촉시킨 후에는 바이러스의 $100\% $가 불활성화 되어졌음을 알 수 있었다. Ozonation is a disinfection technique of harmful mi-crobes commonly used in the treatment of drinking water. And Biological Activated Carbon (BAC) treatment also provides numerous benefits for drinking water utilities, including removal of micro- pollutants, improved treatment processes. The multiful-stage ozonation and BAC play roles as effective methods for removing several materials in raw water. Water quality variation in Nak dong river and the removal efficiency of viruses by ozonation-BAC process were investigated on pilot scale. During the period of survey, most of water quality parameters including $NH_{4}^{+}-N$ were highly improved after passing through the BAC. The removal efficiency of poliovirus type III in water treatment process using pilot-plant,$ 99.6\% $ of viruses were removed by pre-ozonation, sedimentation and sand filteration process, $ 100\% $ were removed after in BAC filteration step. In the removal survey of viruses by ozonation, ap-proximately $ 61.1\% $ or polioviruses were inactivated by ozone of 0.4 mg/l within 5 min. and $ 100\% $ were inactivated by ozone of 0.8 mg/l over 10 min.

Free Communications : P6 ; (2RS,4R)-2-(2,3-Dihydroxyphenyl)Thiazolidine-4-Carboxylic acid (MHY384) Inhibits NO-induced Melanogenesis Via Regulation of cGMP Signaling Pathway

( Kyoung Mi Moon ),( Dae Hyun Kim ),( Hye Jin An ),( June Whoun Park ),( Seong Jin Kim ),( Hwi Young Yun ),( Su Jin Son ),( Hyung Ryong Moon ),( Hae Young Chung ) 한국피부장벽학회 2014 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.16 No.2

During the process of melanogenesis, oxidative stress which is one of the main causes of melanocyte damage, is generated from various sources including reactive intermediates, such as NO, and melanin intermediates with oxidant properties. It has been found that NO and NO-induced cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway plays an important role in Ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced melanogenesis via induction of tyrosinase expression. In an attempt to find a novel compound reducing oxidative stress and melanogenesis, we evaluated anti-inflammatory and NO scavenging effects of (2RS,4R)-2-(2,3- dihydroxyphenyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (MHY384) in vitro and in vivo. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of MHY384 on NO mediated melanogenesis in vitro and in vivo, using B16F10 melanoma cell and melanin-possessing hairless mice, HRM2 models, respectively. The NO scavenging activity of MHY384 was evaluated in cell-free system. Our in vitro study determined that MHY384 inhibited melanogenesis via regulating tyrosinase activity by NO-induced cGMP signaling pathway in B16F10 melanoma cells. In vivo experiment was conducted in HRM2 hairless mouse mice which are pre-treated with MHY384 and then irradiated with UVB repeatedly. Expressions of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB), tyrosinase, and nuclear Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and NO, peroxynitrite and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by morphological, histological or biochemical analyses.MHY-384 was proved to be effective at scavenging nitric oxide (NO), which serves as an important modulator in the melanogenesis signaling pathway. MHY-384 significantly inhibited 200 μM sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor)-induced NO generation in dose dependent manner. In addition, MHY-384 suppressed tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis induced by SNP in B16F10 melanoma cells. The effect of MHY-384 on NO-mediated pathway was also investigated. The gene expressions of tyrosinase and MITF and the protein level of pCREB, which are normally increased by UVB and oxidative stress, were down-regulated by MHY-384. HRM2 hairless mice were used to evaluate anti-melanogenic effects of MHY384 in vivo. It was found that MHY-384 modulated UVB-induced morphological, histological and biochemical changes, such as expression of tyrosinase and nuclear MITF and production of NO, ONOO? and ROS. In conclusion, MHY-384 inhibited NO-mediated melanogenesis by direct NO scavenging as well as reducing the expression of tyrosinase via NO/cGMP signaling pathway. It might be utilized for the development of a new candidate for treatment of the hyper-pigmentation disorders.

Involvement of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Orexin-A-induced Angiogenesis in Vascular Endothelial Cells

Mi-Kyoung Kim,Hyun-Joo Park,Su-Ryun Kim,Yoon Kyung Choi,Soo-Kyung Bae,Moon-Kyoung Bae 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.19 No.4

The cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) influences endothelial cell survival, proliferation, inflammatory response, and angiogenesis in response to various angiogenic stimuli. In this study, we investigate the involvement of HO-1 in the angiogenic activity of orexin-A. We showed that orexin-A stimulates expression and activity of HO-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, we showed that inhibition of HO-1 by tin (Sn) protoporphryin-IX (SnPP) reduced orexin-A-induced angiogenesis <i>in vivo</i> and <i>ex vivo</i>. Orexin-A-stimulated endothelial tube formation and chemotactic activity were also blocked in SnPP-treated vascular endothelial cells. Orexin-A treatment increased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), and antioxidant response element (ARE) luciferase activity, leading to induction of HO-1. Collectively, these findings indicate that HO-1 plays a role as an important mediator of orexin-A-induced angiogenesis, and provide new possibilities for therapeutic approaches in pathophysiological conditions associated with angiogenesis.

Xanthone-related compounds as an anti-browning and antioxidant food additive

Mi Moon, Kyoung,Young Kim, Choon,Yeul Ma, Jin,Lee, Bonggi Elsevier 2019 Food chemistry Vol.274 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Although enzymatic browning is important for the beneficial coloration of some foods, it also causes negative effects on safety, quality, and nutritional values of fruit and vegetable. Thus, anti-browning natural compounds have gained attention in the food industry. Xanthone-related compounds have been well-known for its biological activities, but their roles in enzymatic browning are unclear. We screened xanthone-related natural compounds for their anti-polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and maclurin was selected for further experiments due to stronger PPO-inhibitory activity. Maclurin suppressed enzymatic browning in potato supernatant for long-term partly through direct binding to and inactivating PPO presumably by forming multiple hydrogen bonds and aromatic interactions with the binding pocket. In addition, maclurin elevated antioxidant capacity when added to potato supernatant. Considering the diverse health-promoting effects of antioxidants, maclurin can be applied as a functional food additive to block enzymatic browning and increase the antioxidant property of foods including beverages and soups.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Maclurin was treated in potato supernatant for 5 weeks. </LI> <LI> Maclurin inhibited enzymatic browning in potato supernatant. </LI> <LI> Maclurin may bind to and inactivate PPO. </LI> <LI> Maclurin increases antioxidant capacity in potato supernatant. </LI> </UL> </P>