발열이 있는 호중구 감소증 환자에서의 위험도 예측인자

정중식,권운용,김규석,임용수,이중의,서길준,윤여규 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Background: Most febrile neutropenic patients are treated in an aggressive manner. However, identification of low-risk patients may enable clinicians to administer risk-based treatment. The object of this study is to certify the factors associated with increased risk at the time of visiting the emergency department. Methods: This is a retrospective study. We reviewed the medical records of 101 febrile neutropenic patients who had visited the emergency department of Seoul National University Hospital from January 1998 to August 1999. We assumed 22 risk prediction factors that could be assessed at admission to the emergency department and 5 factors that could be assessed during treatment course. To find independent risk-prediction factors, we analyzed these factors respectively by using multiple regression analysis. Results: Tachycardia(aOR=136.5), altered mentality(aOR=28.8), decreased renal function(aOR=20.1), and significant comorbidity(aOR=17,2) are the independent factors associated with higher mortality. Altered mentality(aOR=31.6) and decreased renal function(CCr < 75㎖/min, aOR=5.4) are those associated with a higher incidence of septic shock. Independent factors associated with persistent(more than 3 days) fever are the early(within 10 days) onset of fever after last chemotherapy(aOR=8.8) and the existence of new pulmonary infiltrates on a simple chest X-ray(aOR=4.3). Conclusion: The stability of vital signs, the change of mentality, the renal function, the existence of significant comorbidity, the existence of new pulmonary infiltrates, and the rate of neutropenia are clinically useful risk-prediction factors in febrile neutropenia at the time of visiting the emergency department.

강산 및 강알칼리 음독에서 냉각 용액을 사용한 희석 요법과 중화 요법의 가능성

이중의,송형곤,김동훈,권운용,곽영호,서길준,윤여규 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Background: There is no effective treatment modality for caustic agent ingestion. Dilution and neutralization are prohibited because of the risk of secondary thermal injury. This experiment is designed to evaluate the amount of dilution and neutralization heat and to gauge the applicability of dilution and neutralization therapy using cold solutions to suppress the peak temperature. Methods: This is an in-vitro chemical experiment. HCl, CH3COOH, NaOH, and NH4OH are selected as representatives of strong and weak acids and strong and weak alkali, respectively. 20℃, 11.6M, 5.8M, and 2.9M solutions of each acid and alkali are made and mixed using a magnetic stirrer at a room air temperature of 28℃. The peak temperature, the duration above 40℃, and the heat amount are measured or calculated. Results: When a 11.6M HCl or NaOH solution is diluted with same amount of water, 32 or 18cal. per mL of HCl or NaOH is produced, respectively. HCl produces a significant peak temperature, but NaOH does not. The lower the concentration, the lower the amount of heat production. 11.6M CH3COOH and NH4OH solutions don't produce dilution heat.11.6M and 5.8M solutions of all acids and alkali produce destructive neutralization heat. However, 2.9M solutions produce neutralization heat which might be controllable. When a 11.6M HCl or NaOH solution is neutralized with a -10℃ 2.9 M NaOH or HCl solution, respectively, the peak temperature produced is below 40℃ and seems to add little thermal damage to viable tissue. Conclusion: Dilution and neutralization with a cold solution in cases of strong acid or alkali ingestion is a promising method to avoid thermal injury.

PCR-Select cDNA Subtraction을 이용한 Allomyces macrogynus의 팡이실의 성장 관련 유전자의 분리

박중규,구용범 인제대학교 1998 仁濟論叢 Vol.14 No.1

Allomyces macrogyuns의 이배체 꼬리홀씨들은, 공세포로 전환된 후, 실뿌리에 이어 팡이실을 형성하는데, 팡이실로 성장하는 과정에서 대기중의 산소의 고갈로 인하여 길이 성장이 급격히 촉진된다. 본 연구에서는, 길이 성장에 관련하는 유전자를 분리하기 위해서 보통의 대기 조건에서 자란 팡이실(Normoxia)과 하나의 탈산소제를 처리한 조건에서 자란 팡이실(Hypoxia)을 수확하여 PCR을 이용한 cDNA subtraction(PVR-select cDNA subtraction)을 수행하였다. PCR로 선택된 subtracted cDNA는 pGEM-T vector에 삽입 후, 대장균에 클로닝하여, 115개의 형질전환체를 무작위적으로 골라 slot blot hybridization을 하였다. 그 결과, 대부분의 클론이 Normoxic 조건에서 보다 Hypoxic 조건에서 다량 발현되는 유전자로나타났으며, 이들 중에서 60개의 클론을 DNA 염기 서열 분석하였더니 19가지의 서로 다른 염기 서열로 동정되었다. 이 유전자들을 Genbank Database와의 유사성을 조사했을 때, 염기 서열상 이미 알려진 유전자와의 유사성이 적었으나, 아미노산 서열상으로는 몇 가지 단백질들과 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 60개의 클론 중에서 높은 빈도로 나타나는 4가지 클론을 northern hybridization하였더니, 대략적으로 각각 0.9kb, 1.9kb, 1.9kb, 2.8kb의 mRNA로 전사되는 것으로, Hypoxic 조건의 팡이실에서 특이적으로 발현되는 것으로 나타났다. Diploid zoospore of Allomyces macrogynus form hyphae after encystment and rhizoid formation. It was the linear growth of hyphae that was stimulated on their growth by oxygen depletion in the atmosphere. In this study, CDNA subtraction with PCR(PCR-select cDNA subtraction) between hyphae incubated under normal atmosphere(Normoxia) and hyphae incubated with an oxygen absorbent(Hypoxia) were performed in order to isolate the genes related to the linear growth. PCR-select Subtracted cDNAs were cloned into E. coli JM 109 using pGEM-T vector. Total 115 transformants were randomly selected and analysed by slot blot hybridization. Most of them were found to be expressed in higher level in Hypoxic condition than in Normoxic condition. Of them, 60 clones were sequenced. They were identified as 19 clones, since nucleotide sequence of 60 clones was identical. Nucleotide homology search of these clones showed no significant homology with known genes, whereas amino acid sequence homology revealed that they had some homology with known proteins. Northern hybridization analysis of 4 frequently appeared clones among 60 clones confirmed that they were expressed in higher level in Hypoxic condition and their mRNA sizes were approximately 0.9kb, 1.9kb, 1.9kb, 2.8kb, respectively.

BA, NAA, 2,4-D 및 배지의 무기물 농도가 포도의 기내 생장에 미치는 영향

金善圭,全盛皓,李重燮 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1997 農業科學硏究 Vol.14 No.-

Shoot tip and node segments derived from cuttings of two grape cultivars (Aramon, Aligote) were cultured in vitro on full - and one half strength MS media supplemented with BA, NAA, and 2,4-D alone and in combination, and the growth was investigated. Full strength, shoot tip, and NAA enhanced the shoot growth. BA alone and/or in combination with NAA was favorable for shoot multiplication regardless of media strength and bud position. Varietal differences were recognized in callus formation in favor of Aramon, and all growth regu-lators, especially BA+ NAA+2,4-D, were effective for callus formation in Aramon. Bud position ef-fect was negligible but half stremgth media was more effective. In Aligote, 2,4-D was most effective for callus formation regardless of media strength.

뇌 해마가 제거된 흰쥐의 유두체 및 내후야에서 HPLC에 의한 아미노산 신경전달물질 분석

김종규,신중호 순천향대학교 1991 논문집 Vol.14 No.2

뇌 해마가 glutamic acid, aspartic acid 및 그외 amino acid를 흥분성 신경전달물질로 사용하는지를 알기 위하여 대뇌피질을 거쳐 양쪽 해마를 제거한 흰쥐(해마군, 11마리), 해마를 덮는 대뇌피질 부분만을 제거한 흰쥐(대뇌피질 대조군, 8마리) 및 정상대조군(10마리)을 마련한 다음, HPLC를 이용하여 OPA pre-column 유도체화법으로 유두체와 내후야 조직의 아미노산들을 측정하였다. 1. 유두체 조직의 aspartic acid는 두 대조군보다 해마군에서 유의하게 감소되었으나, 두 대조군 사이에는 이렇다 할 차이가 없었다. glutamic acid는 정상 대조군보다 해마군에서 유의하게 증가되었으며, 대뇌피질 대조군에 비해서는 증가된 경향은 보였으나, 유의성은 없었고, 두 대조군 사이에는 아무런 차이가 없었다. serine, glycine, threnonine 및 alanine은 세무리 사이에서 차이가 없었다. 2. 내후야 조직에서 aspartic acid 및 glutamic acid는 두 대조군보다 해마군에서 모두 유의하게 감소 되었으나, 두 대조군들 사이에는 차이가 없었다. glycine은 해마군이 정상 대조군보다 유의하게 감소되었으나, 대뇌피질 대조군보다는 감소된 경향을 보였을뿐 유의성은 없었고, 두 대조군 사이에서는 아무런 차이가 없었다. alanine은 정상 대조군보다 대뇌피질 대조군에서 유의한 감소를 보였으며, 해마군은 정상 대조군에 비하여 감소 경향만 보였고, 해마군과 대뇌피질 대조군 사이에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그리고 serine 및 threonine은 세 무리 사이에 아무런 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과들을 종합하건데 아미노산인 aspartic acid와 glutamic acid는 해마, 유두체 및 내후야의 많은 신경섬유들이 흥분성 전달물질로 작용할 것으로 추측되어진다. A study was planned to analyze amino acid in target structure of hippocampectomized rats by HPLC. Twenty nine male rats were divided into 3 groups, of which 11 rats had their hippocampal tissue on both sides removed through an opening in the parieto-occipital cortex (hippocampal group), 8 rats received damage to the parieto-occipital cortex only(cortical control group), and 10 rats served as normal control animals. One week later, the animals were sacrificed by decapitation in the cold room. 2-3mg of tissue was obtained from the mammillary body and entorhinal area in one side of the brain. The tissue samples were homogenized in 200ul of 0.5M perchlocric acid in 1mM EDTA with ground-glass homogenizers. After centrifugation at 3,500 rpm for 15 min, an aliquot of 80ul supernatant was neutralized with 20ul of 2M KHCO₃, and then centrifuged again at 3,500 rpm for 10 min. An aliquots of 20ul was taken and diluted with 350ul of β-mercaptopropionic acid in 10ml of 100mM sodium borate buffer(pH 9.1) and 350ul of OPA solved in ethanol which was diluted with 10ml of 100mM sodium borate buffer(pH 9.1). Then 200ul of the resulting sample was injected with SIL-6B auto injector. LC-9A liquid chromatograph, FLD-6A fluorescence detector, CTO-6A column oven and SCL-6B system controller was employed. We used OPA pre-column derivatization method. Peak areas were automatically integrated and calculated by CR6A chromatopac. 1. In mammillary body, aspartic acid decreased significantly in the hippocampal group than in the normal control group(t test, p<0.05) and the cortical control group(p<0.04), while there were no significant difference between the 2 control groups. Glutamic acid increased significantly in the hippocampal group compared with the value obtained from the normal control group(p<0.03), while the difference between the hippocampal group and cortical control group values and between the 2 control group values were nonsignificant. In serine, glycine, threonine and alanine, the differences among 3 group values were nonsignificant. 2. In entorhinal area, aspartic acid and glutamic acid reduced significantly in the hippocampal group than in the normal control group(p<0.02) and the cortical control group(p<0.04), while no significant difference existed between the 2 control groups. Glycine reduced significantly in the hippocampal group compared with the value obtained from the normal control group(p<0.01). while the difference between the hippocampal group and cortical control group values and between the 2 control group values were nonsignififcant. Alanine increased significantly in the normal control group compared with the value obtained from the cortical control group(p<0.05), while no significant difference existed between the normal control group and the hippocampal group. However, the difference between the hippocampal group and the 2 control group values was nonsignificant. In serine and threonine, the difference was nonsignificant among 3 groups. It is inferred from the above mentioned results that the amino acids aspartic acid and glutamic acid are excitatory transmitter substances used by a large number of neurons in hippocampus, mammillary body and entorhinal area.

이동량 보상 및 분류 벡터 양자화기

박규태,전중남,신태민,연창모 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1987 논문집 Vol.19 No.2

This study describes an interframe image coding method using motion compensated and classified vector quantization(MC-CVQ). In motion compensated vector quantization(MCVQ), it is very important to encode the significant block. Therefore, we propose the MC-CVQ which encodes the significant block in the motion compensated error image by the classified vector quantizer. We classify the significant blocks according to the positions of the significant vectors, and also classify the significant vectors into 15 classes according to the positions of the significant pels. The computer simulation shows that the signal-to-noise ratio and the average bits of MC-CVQ are 0.2-0.25 bits/pel and 35 to 37 dB, respectively.

심첨부 비후 심근증에서 심근 내 미세 관상동맥의 혈류 예비력 평가 : 경흉부 도플러 심초음파를 이용한 연구 Study Using Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiography

윤호중,박철수,신재원,임상현,조은주,정해억,전희경,오용석,정욱성,김재형,최규보,홍순조 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.3

외과계 감염증에 대한 Sulperazon(Sulbactam/cefoperazone) 및 Cefoperazone의 임상효과 비교연구

박규주,노동영,김상준,권오중,정중기,홍인규 대한화학요법학회 1990 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.8 No.2

Despite recent advances in development of antibiotics and antiseptic techniques, infection still remains to be one of the major problems in the surgical field. Due to development of bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics, there is always a need to develop a new antimicrobial agent which would overcome such resistance. Sulperazon (Sulbactam/Cefoperazone) is a combination drug of potent β-lactamase inhigitor, sulbactam, and cefoperazone which has broad antibacterial spectrum, which was developed to combat against β-lactamase producing microorganisms. In an effort to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sulperazone, we have randomly divided 40 patients (12 with perforated appendicitis, 10 with peritionitis, 6 with GB empyema, 6 with periproctal abscess, 3 with wound infection, 1 liver abscess, 1 pancreatic abscess, and 1 acute cholangitis) into 2 groups (20 patients in each group). One group received daily dose of 2 to 3 grams of sulperazon and the other group received daily dose of 2 to 3 grams of cefoperazone. Following results were obtained : 1. Clinical effect of sulperazon was cure in 16 patients (80%), improvement in 3 patients (15%), compaired to cure in 14 patients (70%), improvement in 4 patients (20%) for the cefoperazone group. 2. Using disc diffusion method, sulperazon was sensitive to all of the isolated microorganisms except β-hemolytic streptococci, which was moderately sensitive. Cefoperazone was sensitive to only E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia. 3. Microbiological effect of sulperazon was eradication of offending microorganisms in 16 patients (80%), compared to 14 patients (70%) in Cefoperazone group. 4. Overall clinical efficacy of sulperazon was 95%, compared to 80% for cefoperazone. 5. Adverse effects due to sulperazon was nausea and diarrhea which occurred in 1 patient respectively. 2 patients receiving cefoperazone experienced diarrhea. It can be concluded that sulperazon is a safe and effective antibiotic agent which can be used in surgical infection patients.

대학볼링선수들의 경기력 수준과 성에 따른 경기전 심리요인 분석

김규석,남중웅 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.5

The questionnaire research was conducted on pre-game psychological factors such as intrinsic motivation, ego-orientation and task orientation, attentional focus for a total of 139 college Bowling players composed of 75 male and 64 female players in order to investigate the differences from psychological Factors that college Bowing players have in a reel competitive situation according to gender and performance levels, The followings are the result of this study. 1. In terms of attentional focus, the male players were higher in the factor of BET, NAR the female players were higher in the factor of OET, the superior players were higher in the factor of BIT, BET, NAR the inferior players were higher in the factor of OET, RED and there was a statistically significant difference. 2. In terms of ego-orientation and task-orientation, the inferior players had the higher level than the superior players had in the Factor of ego-orientation, there was a statistically significant difference. 3. In terms of intrinsic motivation, the male players were higher in a sense of ability than the female players, the female players had the higher interest and effort then the male players had and it was also Found that there was a statistically significant difference. The superior players were higher in the factor of a sense of ability, effort and the inferior players were higher in the factor of a sense of tension, there was a statistically significant difference.

탁구 선수의 경기력 수준과 성별에 따른 시합 시점별 대처 반응 변화에 관한 연구

김규석,남중웅 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.5

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of coping response for each point of time of a competition according to a performance level and gender. 154 high school table tennis players(male 81, female 73, superior 43, inferior 111) who participated in 20th President Flag table tennis tournament were selected for this study and KASCS(Korean Athlete Sport Coping Scale) questionnaires were used to measure problem focused, emotional focused, detached, avoidance coping factor. The results were as followings. 1. The change of coping response according to a performance level and the point of time of a competition statistically showed each significant difference by performance level, the point of time of a competition, interaction effect of a performance level and the point of time of a competition in problem focused coping factor and detached coping factor. Superior plays were higher than inferior players in problem and detached coping factor. 2. The change of coping response according to gender and the point of time of a competition statistically showed each significant difference by gander and the point of time of a competition in problem focused coping factor and emotional focused coping factor, and in terms of avoidance coping factor there was a statistical significant difference by the point of time of a competition Male players were higher than female players in problem and emotional coping factor.