Elderly kidney transplant recipients have favorable outcomes but increased infection-related mortality

임정훈,Lee Ga Young,Jeon Yena,Jung Hee-Yeon,Choi Ji Young,CHO, JANG-HEE,Park Sun Hee,김용림,Kim Hyung-Kee,Huh Seung,유은상,Won Dong Il,Kim Chan-Duck 대한신장학회 2022 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.41 No.3

Background: The number of elderly patients with end-stage kidney disease has been increasing, but the outcomes of kidney transplants (KT) remain poorly understood in elderly patients. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of elderly KT recipients and analyzed the impact of elderly donors. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent KT between 2000 and 2019. KT recipients were divided into four groups according to a combination of recipient and donor age (≥60 or <60 years); elderly recipients: old-to-old (n = 46) and young-to-old (n = 83); young recipients: old-to-young (n = 98) and young-to-young (n = 796). We compared the risks of mortality, graft failure, and acute rejection between groups using Cox regression analysis. Results: The incidence of delayed graft function, graft failure, and acute rejection was not different among groups. Annual mean tacrolimus trough level was not lower in elderly recipients than young recipients during 10-year follow-up. Mortality was significantly higher in elderly recipients (p = 0.001), particularly infection-related mortality (p < 0.001). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, old-toold and young-to-old groups had increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14– 7.32; p = 0.03; aHR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.51–6.20; p = 0.002). However, graft failure and acute rejection risks were not increased in elderly recipients. Conclusion: In elderly recipients, graft survival and acute rejection-free survival were not inferior to those of young recipients. However, mortality, especially risk of infection-related death, was increased in elderly recipients. Thus, low immunosuppression intensity might help decrease mortality in elderly recipients.

진양호의 어류생산 개발에 관한 연구 : 제1보 진양호내에 서식하고있는 담수어류 분포상태 조사 Effect The investigation about the distribution state of inhabited fishes in Lake Jin-yang

조영래,진찬현 진주산업대학교 1973 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The distrbution state of inhabited fishes in Lake Jin-yang Iocated in the west of Chinju city was investigated from marchl, 1972 to Octoben 31, 1972, and the resultu are follows. 1. In this investigation, 30 species, 23 Genus, 10 Family, 5 Order, I class, I phylum of fish are inhabited in Lake Jin-yang, order eyprinida of Family cyprinidae is dominant species with 60%. Fram the assumption of oxygen Consumption of the fish, about 5,000 tons per year of the common carp can be Produced in Lake Jin-yang. 2. Concerning the fish production in Lake Jin-yang. Carassius carassias ranked 57.3% and Gobiobotia naktongensis ranked 0.13% The main fishes are carassius carassius and cyprints-carpio if we make the use of the water temperatures in the bottom can be developed, trouts carp can be produced 3. Total lenth of inhabited fishes is 89,238 cm and the average lenth is 16.05 cm

MSGC형 센서를 위한 제어시스템 및 영상 획득 S/W 개발

조진호,진경찬,채승표,박영식,김명남 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1997 연차보고서 Vol.1997 No.-

산발성 장형 위선암 환자의 Microsatellite Instability와 병리학적 양상

조창희,홍유찬,안지현,최경현,이상호,신영명,윤기영,정민정,장희경 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Background : Through many researches, microsatellite is expected to be a good diagnositic and prognostic factor in colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, gastric cancer, and the others. The prevalence of microsatellite instability (MSI) in gastric carcinoma has reported variously, 13~44%. Purpose : We aimed to determine the prevalence of MSI-high and the relationship between MSI and pathological characteristics of sporadic intestinal type adenocarcinoma of stomach. Material and Methods : We analyzed 106 sporadic intestinal type adenocarcinoma specimens excised from patients who were over thirty-five years old to determine the statue of microsatellite by DNA sequencing. The tissues were formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded. DNA were extracted and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). MSI was determined using five markers recommended by National Cancer Institute (NCI). Specimens were also studied with five patholical factors-differenciation of tumor cells, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, vessel invasion, and perineural invasion- to determine pathological state. Result : The microsatellite statue was determined as MSI-High in 5 cases (4.7%), no MSI-low, and MSS (microsatellite stable) in 101 cases (95.3%). Within the frequency, there was no large gap in the distinction of gender in MSI cases, but in MSS cases, there was three-times more cases in male. MSI cases had moderate-to-poor differenciation and trend to invade toward serosa. All MSI cases showed no perineural invasion. But we could not find any statistical significance between MSI and pathological characteristics of sporadic intestinal type adenocarcinoma. Conclusion : Results suggest that MSI can not make any certain pathological significance in sporadic intestinal type adenocarcinoma. Even though less than 5% of sporadic intestinal type adenocarcinoma patients showed MSI, it can be used as a influential prediagnostic factor of gastric cancer. Further study with large scale of cases will be followed to verify these results.

Thermocouple을 이용한 Buchanan Plugger 표면의 온도상승 분석

조진숙,황윤찬,김선호,황인남,최보영,정영진,정우남,오원만 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.4

This study was performed to confirm the actual temperature rise on the surface of Buchanan plugger by evaluating the temperature rise on the surface of it, the peak temperature of pluggers of various size using thermocouple. The heat carrier system 'System B Heatsource' (Model 1005, Analytic Technologies, USA) and the Buchanan pluggers of F, FM, M and ML sizes are used for this study. The temperature was set to 200 which Dr. Buchanan's "Continuous wave of condensation" technique recommended on digital display and the power level on it was set to 10. The touch mode was used. Five thermocouples were placed in direct contact with the surface of each size of Buchanan's pluggers at 1 ㎜ increments from the tip to the 4 ㎜ length of shank. Each thermocouple was secured with cyanoacrylate adhesive and orthodontic resin block. The two wire leads of each thermocouple were connected to the appropriate channels of Data Logger. This was configured to simultaneously record input from the five thermocouples. The heat control spring was touched for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 seconds, and the temperature rise on the surface of the pluggers were measured at 1 sec intervals for more than 5 seconds with an accuracy of 0.01. Ten trials was determined for each plugger. The average of temperature rise and standard deviation was calculated for each size of plugger. The data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA to determine their significance. The results as follows. 1. The position at which the temperature peaked was approximately at 1∼2㎜ far from the tip of Buchanan plugger (p<0.01). 2. The peak temperature was 215.25±2.28℃ in F plugger, 185.94±2.19℃ in FM plugger, 169.51±9.12℃ in M plugger, and 160.79±1.27℃ in ML plugger and the peak temperature was highest in F type and followed by, in descending order, FM type, M type. ML type showed the lowest peak temperature (p<0.01). This results suggest that the actual temperature on the surface of the pluggers does not correlate well with the temperature set on digital display. Heat concentrates around the tip. The larger plugger reveals lower temperature rise relatively.

도로포장시공시 세립분 함유량변화에 따른 입상재료의 적용성 연구

조규태,서영찬 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 2002 工學技術論文集 Vol.11 No.-

도로포장재료중 보조기충과 동상방지층 재료로 강자갈등의 천연재료 사용이 일반적이었으나 90년대이후 하천골재의 고갈로 인하여 석산에서 채취한 파쇄골재를 사용하고있다. 골재 생산과정에서 세립분의 혼입은 보조기층 및 동상방지층 재료의 역학적 특성과 동상에 많은 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 연구에서는 보조기층 및 동상방지층 재료의 중량비로 세립분 함유중량을 10%, 20%로 변화시키고 소성지수갑(pl)을 6, 10, 15로 변화시켜 재료의 물성시험, 다짐시험, 실내CBR시험, 투수시험, 동결융해시험을 하였다. 실내시험을 통하여 얻은 결론은 지지력, 투수성, 동결융해저항성을 만족한 보조기층은 소성지수 10, 세립분 함유량 10%까지 적용이 가능하며, 동상방지층은 소성지수 15, 세립분 함유량 10%까지 사용이 가능한 것으로 판단되었다. Generally natural materials such as river gravel are used for the subbase and non-frostsusceptible base of the pavement. However, site substitute of the crushed stone for natural materials, due to the shortage of aggregate resources has been prevail since 1990_s. The clayey soil mingles with crushed stone during the process of production, and this affects on the mechanical characteristics and the freezing of pavements. Lab tests conducted includes materials test, compaction test, CBR test, permeabillity test, and freezing & thawing test. The ratio of clay content of the specimens were 10% and 20%. the plastic index values were 6, 10, and 15. Considering the bearing capacity, permeability, and the resistance of freezing & thawing, the plastic index of 10 and the clay content of 10% for the subbase and the plastic index of 15, the day content of 10% for non-frost layer showed satisfactory results, respectively.

Goldman's Algorithm을 이용한 비외상성 흉통 환자의 분석

조석진,유진현,김찬웅,어은경,정구영 대한응급의학회 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

Back ground : It is important to evaluate the patient presenting with non-traumatic chest pain in emergency department, and it is also difficult to classify appropriately. The purpose of this study is to predict probability of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and assess the group for low probability of AMI that is target for observation-unit of chest pain in emergency department. Methods : A prospective, clinical study was performed from March 1998 to August 1998 at the department of emergency medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong hospital. We classified high-probability group and low-probability group of AMI according to Goldman's algorithm and then compared with the final diagnosis. Results : The study included 218 patients. 84 patients(39%) was the high-probability group and 134 patients(61%) was the low-probability group of AMI. As compared with final diagnosis, AMI was 47 patients(56%) among the high-probability group and 1 patient(0.7%) among the low-probability group. We observed sensitivity of 98%, specificity of 78% in predicting AMI. Conclusion : The classification according to Goldman's algorithm may be useful predictor of AMI and improve triage for emergency department patients with chest pain. It is also helpful for management of observation-unit of chest pain in emergency department.

차아염소산나트륨 용액과 고압증기멸균이 근관치료용 니켈-타이타늄 파일의 주기적 피로 파절에 미치는 영향

조혜영,정일영,이찬영,김의성 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.1

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sodium hypochlorite and steam autoclaving on the cyclic fatigue of nickel-titanium endodontic files. Two types of files with a .06 taper and #30 were used, K3^(ⓡ) (SybronEndo, Glendora, California, USA) and Hero642^(ⓡ)(Micro-Mega, Besancon, France). The files were divided into 6 experimental groups containing 10 files each group depending the soaking time in 6% sodium hypochlorite solution and number of cycles of steam autoclave. After sterilization, a cyclic fatigue test was performed on each file, and the fracture time was recorded in seconds. The control group underwent the cyclic fatigue test only. After the test, the surface characteristics of the files were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All groups containing the Hero 642^(ⓡ) files showed a similar cyclic fatigue fracture time. However, the cyclic fatigue fracture time with the K3^(ⓡ) files was significantly shorter in groups which were treated with sodium hypochlorite than in the control group (P < 0.05). SEM revealed both Hero642^(ⓡ) and K3^(ⓡ) files to have significant corrosion on the file surface in groups treated with sodium hypochlorite, compared with the sharp and regular blades of the control group. K3^(ⓡ) files showed more corrosion than the Hero642^(ⓡ) files. Bluntness of the blades of the K3^(ⓡ) file was observed in groups treated with steam autoclave. Although there was no obvious destruction on the surface of steam autoclaved Hero642^(ⓡ) files, slight bluntness was observed. Sterilizing with a steam autoclave is much less destructive to K3^(ⓡ) files than sodium hypochlorite. The longer time exposed to sodium hypochlohte, the more destructive pattern was shown on the blades of the files. Therefore, when using sodium hypochlorite solution, the exposure time should be as short as possible in order to prevent corrosion and increase the cyclic fatigue fracture time. 본 연구에서는 차아염소산나트륨 용액 및 고압증기멸균이 근관 치료용 Ni-Ti 파일의 주기적 피로 파절에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 파일 첨단 크기가 #30이고 .06 taper를 가지는 Hero 642^(ⓡ)와 K3^(ⓡ)파일 70개를 10개씩 7개의 군으로 나누었으며, 6% 차아염소산나트륨 용액에 15분 (N15군), 30분 (N30군),고압증기멸균은 121 ℃의 온도, 0.12 ㎫의 압력에서 20 분간 시행하는 것을 일 회로 하여 5회 (H5군), 10회 (H10), 고압증기멸균 5회 후 차아염소산나트륨 용액 15분 (H5N15),고압증기멸균 10회 후 차아염소산나트륨 용액 30분 (H10N30) 처리 후 주기적 피로 파절 실험을 수행하여 파일이 파절될 때까지의 시간을 초 단위로 측정하였다. 대조군은 전처리를 하지 않고 주기적 피로 파절을 시행하였다. 95%의 신뢰도로 one-way analysis of variance를 이용하여 통계 처리하였으며 , 다중 비교는 Tukey방법으로 분석하였다. 파일의 표면을 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 주기적 피로 파절에 소요된 시간은 Hero 642^(ⓡ)는 각 군별로 유의할 만한 차이가 없었으며, K3^(ⓡ)는 N15, N30, H5N15군에서 대조군에 비해 짧은 시간이 소요된 것으로 나타났다 (p < 0.05). 주사전자 현미경에서 관찰했을 때 Hero 642^(ⓡ)와 K3^(ⓡ) 모두 N15, N30 군에서 파일의 표면과 날이 부식이 되어 대조군에서 관찰된 일정방향으로 배열된 정형화된 예리한 빗살무늬가 부분적으로 파괴된 형태가 관찰되었으며 ,N15군에 비해 N30군에서 파일의 형태가 파괴된 양상이 뚜렷했으며 ,Hero 642^(ⓡ)보다 K3^(ⓡ)가 심하게 부식된 양상이었다. H5군과 H10군에서는 K3^(ⓡ)파일은 날 부분이 무디어진 양상을 보였고, Hero 642^(ⓡ)는 형태 파괴가 뚜렷하지 않았으나 H10군에서 표면의 빗살무늬가 약간 무디어진 양상을 보였다. H5N15군과 H10N30군에서는 그다지 뚜렷한 형태변화는 없었다. 본 연구 결과 K3^(ⓡ)파일을 사용 시에는 가능한 한 차아염소산나트륨에 적은 시간 노출 시키는 것이 파일의 부식으로 인한 형태의 손상을 방지 할 수 있고, 주기적 피로 파절에 걸리는 시간도 감소시킬 수 있을 것이다.

정보통신산업 생산성 변화의 산업간 파급효과 분석

조영상,이정동,박찬수,김태유 한국생산성학회 2002 生産性論集 Vol.16 No.3

The Korean ICT industry is evolving at a dramatic speed, increasing its importance in the overall economy and producing numerous externalities on the other industries. The purpose of this srsearch is to investigate the productivity growth of Korean ICT industry and its effects on the other industries and to derive policy implications. For this purpose we perform inter-industry analysis. Inter-industry analysis is conducted to investigate how close co-relationship exist between ICT industry and other indrstries and to see how much ICT industry affects other industries. Our estimates of the productivity growth in the industry and its contribution to the overall korean Economy suggest the direct contribution of the ICT industry is significant, but its spillovers to the other industries are not so impressive. This implies that the link between ICT industry and other industries is weak and that most of the ICT products are used as final products and not as intermediate goods. We also find the high extent of import penetration in Korean ICT industry to be one of its major problems.

와전류검사에 의해 검출된 증기발생기 전열관의 균열 특성

조찬희,남민우,김영호,양승한,이희종 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

The flaws detected at the steam generator tube of the Nuclear Power Plant are the wear indications by anti-vibration bars and circumferential cracks at the top of the tubesheet. It is easy to detect and size wear indications. Also the wear indications are commonly found at the steam generator tubes. However, the steam generator tube which includes crack indication is plugged because it is very difficult to predict the growth rate and the sizing error is high. The motorized rotating pancake coil has been used for the detection of circumferential crack since it is not possible to detect using the conventional bobbin probe. This paper describes the characteristics for the circumferential crack at the steam generator tubes of the Korean Standard Nuclear Power Plants.