<개문인시폐문인(開門人是閉門人)> 유형 설화에서 문과 환생의 의미

김민수 ( Kim Min-su ) 온지학회 2023 溫知論叢 Vol.- No.76

본 논문은 <개문인시폐문인>유형 설화에 대한 새로운 해석을 시도하였다. 그간 다양한 설화에 등장하는 환생 모티프는 현실에서 불가능한 것들을 가능하게 하는 서사적 당위성을 확보하기 위한 장치로 활용되어 왔다. 그러나 <개문인시폐문인>유형 설화는 그간 본격적으로 분석되지 않았으며 환생의 의미가 기존과 다르다는 점에서 연구대상으로 가치가 있다. 본 논문에서는 해당 유형 설화에 주인공으로 왕수인이 반복적으로 등장한다는 사실에 집중하여 그 이유를 규명하고자 했다. 이를 위해 당시 왕수인이라는 인물이 불교에 관대한 경향을 가진 인물로서 갖는 위상을 확인하고 불교에 우호적이라는 속성이 어떻게 환생 모티프가 사용된 설화에 주인공으로 정착하는 이유가 되었는지를 설명했다. 이후 <개문인시폐문인>유형 설화의 의미 분석을 위해 구조주의적 분석 방식인 순차구조와 대립구조를 중첩하여 적용했다. 순차구조 분석을 통해 서사의 진행 과정이 형성하는 의미와 그 과정에서 ‘문’이라는 화소가 갖는 중요성을 파악했다. 그리고 이를 통해 고립에서 확장을 거쳐 통합에 이르는 왕수인의 상태 변화를 확인했다. 문을 기점으로 자연스럽게 형성된 대립구조를 통해서는 문을 중심으로 나뉜 방 안과 밖의 의미가 개인의 심리적 공간 내/외부를 의미한다는 사실을 밝혀냈다. 또 왕수인의 상태가 환생을 매개로 죽음과 삶을 연결하고 있다는 구조를 파악했다. 밝혀진 구조를 중심으로 문을 닫고 들어선 왕수인과 밖에서 열 수 없던 문이 원님에 의해 열리는 것이 의미하는 바 역시 분석했다. 결과적으로 <개문인시폐문인>유형 설화는 문제해결 과정에서 발생하는 심리학적 자기성장과 문제해결에서 주체의 해결의지가 갖는 중요성을 의미화하고 있다. 이를 통해 <개문인시폐문인>유형이 어떤 의미를 갖는지 새로운 해석을 제시할 수 있게 되었으며, 그 의미가 현대인들에게 존재 변화를 위한 고민의 가치와 지향점에 대해 시사하는 바를 확인할 수 있었다. This study attempts a new interpretation of the < Gaemuninsipyemunin >-type folktales. So far, the reincarnation motif that appears in many tales has been used as a device to secure narrative rightfulness that makes something impossible possible in reality. However, < Gaemuninsipyemunin >-type folktales have not been analyzed in earnest up until now, and they are valuable as a research subject in that the meaning of reincarnation is different from the previous one. In addition, focusing on the fact that Wang Su-in appears repeatedly as the main character in the type folktales, this study attempts to find out the reason. This researcher has figured the status of Wang Su-in as a person with a tendency to be generous about Buddhism within the social context then and explained how the attribute of being favorable to Buddhism was the reason for settling him as the main character in the folktales employing the reincarnation motif. Through that, this study has analyzed how Wang Su-in settled as the main character in the tales and was accepted by the class enjoying them. Next, to analyze the meaning of < Gaemuninsipyemunin >-type folktales, the sequential structure and confrontational structure which are the methods of structuralist analysis are applied in combination. Through sequential structure analysis, this study has figured the meaning that the narrative progress forms and the importance of the theme called ‘Mun (the door)’. Through that, the change in Wang Su-in’s state from isolation to extension and to integration has been observed. Through the confrontational structure naturally formed with the door, the fact that the meaning of the inside and outside of the room separated by the door refers to the meaning of the inside and outside psychological space of an individual has been revealed. Also, the structure that Wang Su-in’s state connects death and life with the mediation of reincarnation has been identified. Based on the structure revealed, this author has analyzed the meaning of Wang Su-in entering the room closing the door and the door opened by Wonnim although it had not been able to be opened outside. < Gaemuninsipyemunin >-type folktales signify psychological self-growth that occurs in the process of solving problems and the importance of the subject’s willingness to solve problems. This study is significant in that it has presented a new interpretation about the meaning of < Gaemuninsipyemunin >-type folktales loved by various classes through oral and written transmissions and figured what they imply for contemporaries about the value and direction of concerns for change in existence.

뇌졸중 환자에서 한양방협진과 양방단독 재활치료의 기능 회복 비교

김민수,윤종민,Kim, Min-su,Yun, Jong-min 대한한방내과학회 2016 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.37 No.4

Objectives: To compare the effects of Eastern-Western integrative medical care (EWIM) and Western single rehabilitation therapy (WSRT) on the functional recovery of stroke patients.Methods: Seventy-six stroke patients were recruited retrospectively. The participants were divided into two groups: EWIM and WSRT. Data on age, sex, stroke-related risk factors, stroke type, neurological deficits according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), elapsed time to the initiation of rehabilitation, duration from the onset to follow up, initial functional status, and function after therapy for 3 mon were obtained from a review of the patients’ medical records. Between-group differences in functional outcomes were analyzed before and after treatment using the functional ambulation category (FAC), Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), modified Barthel Index-Korean version (K-MBI), and Euro-Quality of Life-5 Dimension (EQ-5D).Results: At 3-mon poststroke, all the functional outcome measures had improved in both groups (P<0.05). However, the improvements were greater in the EWIM group, and the improvement was statistically significant in the K-MBI (P=0.048) and EQ-5D (P=0.042).Conclusions: With respect to activities of daily living and health-related quality of life, EWIM is a more effective stroke therapy than WSRT.

Electrical Properties of Mg-Doped AlxGa1-xAs Epitaxial Layers Grown by Using Molecular Beam Epitaxy

김민수,Do Yeob Kim,Tae Hoon Kim,김건식,Hyun Young Choi,Min Young Cho,Su Min Jeon,H. H. Ryu,W. W. Park,김종수,김진수,D. Y. Lee,손정식,J. Y. Leem 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.54 No.2

Magnesium (Mg)-doped AlxGa1-xAs epitaxial layers were grown by using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on (100) GaAs substrates under different growth conditions, such as Mg cell temperature, Al mole fraction, substrate temperature and As/Ga beam equivalent pressure (BEP) ratio. The epitaxially-grown Mg-doped AlxGa1-xAs layers were characterized using Hall measurements to investigate their electrical properties. The carrier concentration of the Al0:13Ga0:87As layers decreased from 1.86 × 1017 × 4.87 × 1014 cm-3 when the substrate temperature was increased. This variance in carrier concentration is attributed to a dramatic decrease in Mg concentration in the III-V epilayers with increasing substrate temperature. The mobility and the carrier concentration of the Mg-doped AlxGa1-xAs layers also depended on the Al mole fraction and As/Ga BEP ratio. Finally, the Hilsum estimates were found to be in good agreement with the experimental points in the extrapolated curve.

자유 표면이 존재하는 유체 유동 해석을 위한 VOF방법의 기반의 새로운 수치 기법(I)-새로운 자유 표면 추적 알고리즘 및 검증-

김민수,신수호,이우일,Kim, Min-Su,Sin, Su-Ho,Lee, U-Il 대한기계학회 2000 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.24 No.12

Numerical simulation of fluid flow with moving free surface has been carried out. For the free surface flow, a VOF(Volume of Fluid)-based algorithm utilizing a fixed grid system has been investigated. In order to reduce numerical smearing at the free surface represented on a fixed grid system, a new free surface tracking algorithm based on the donor-acceptor scheme has been presented. Novel features of the proposed algorithm are characterized as two numerical tools; the orientation vector to represent the free surface orientation in each cell and the baby-cell to determine the fluid volume flux at each cell boundary. The proposed algorithm can be easily implemented in any irregular non-uniform grid systems that are usual in finite element method (FEM). Moreover, the proposed algorithm can be extended and applied to the 3-D free surface flow problem without additional efforts. For computation of unsteady incompressible flow, a finite element approximation based on the explicit fractional step method has been adopted. In addition, the SUPG(streamline upwind/Petrov-Galerkin) method has been implemented to deal with convection dominated flows. Combination of the proposed free surface tracking scheme and explicit fractional step formulation resulted in an efficient solution algorithm. Validity of the present solution algorithm was demonstrated from its application to the broken dam and the solitary wave propagation problems.

오미자 열매 추출액의 염색을 통한 면과 견직물의 항미생물성 가공

김민수,신용진,장진호,Kim, Min-Su,Shin, Yong-Jin,Jang, Jinho 한국섬유공학회 2013 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.50 No.3

Cotton and silk fabrics were dyed with Schizandra chinensis fruit extract using the optimized extraction and dyeing conditions in order to impart functional properties such as deodorization and antimicrobial activity to the fabrics. The extracts were easily obtained from the dried Schizandra chinensis fruits by treating them with pure ethanol at $80^{\circ}C$ for 60 min. When dyed at $130^{\circ}C$ for 60 min under pH 3 with a 10% aqueous ethanol solution that contains the extract and salt concentrations of 5.5% and 20% owf, silk fabrics could be dyed to obtain a color depth (K/S) of 14.2. Cottons were dyed to a K/S of 13.4 under the same dyeing conditions except for a pH of 9. The poor color-fast properties of the dyed fabrics were improved by a combined treatment of citric acid crosslinking and post-mordanting with aluminum alum. Moreover, the dyed silk and cotton fabrics showed excellent ammonia deodorization performance and antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

상황버섯 균사체 추출물의 숙취해소 효과에 관한 연구

김민수,안유진,이재철,박가령,박동수,전남근,이영재,한창훈,Kim, Min-Su,An, Yoo-Jin,Lee, Jae-Chul,Park, Ga-Ryoung,Park, Dong Soo,Jeon, Nam Gen,Lee, Youngjae,Han, Chang-Hoon 대한수의학회 2016 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.56 No.4

This study was conducted to evaluate the hangover relieving effect of Sanghwang mushroom mycelium extract (SME). The extract showed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging effect in a concentration-dependent manner and high antioxidant capacity ($56.67{\pm}1.77%$) when administered at $120{\mu}g/mL$. In addition, SME significantly increased (p < 0.005) the aldehyde dehydronase (ALDH) activity ($126.03{\pm}9.11%$) when applied at 8 or $16{\mu}L/mL$. A locomotor activity test showed that the alcohol-water treated group showed significantly decreased motor activity at 90 min post-administration. However, the alcohol-SME treated group showed a 20-fold higher motor activity than that observed in the alcohol-water treated group at 90 min post-administration. Blood was harvested from each mouse at 90 min post-administration, and both alcohol and aldehyde concentrations were measured. The alcohol-SME treated group showed significantly lower (p < 0.5) alcohol ($120.13{\pm}12.83{\mu}g/mL$) and aldehyde ($7.26{\pm}1.22{\mu}g/mL$) concentrations than the values observed in the alcohol-water treated group. These results suggest that the hangover relieving effect of SME results from increased ALDH activity, which reduces the aldehyde concentration in the blood.

전침 자극이 정상 성인의 심박변동에 미치는 영향

김민수,곽민아,장우석,이기태,정기삼,정태영,서정철,서해경,안희덕,Kim, Min-su,Kwak, Min-ah,Jang, Woo-seok,Rhie, Ki-tae,Jeong, Kee-sam,Jung, Tae-young,Seo, Jung-chul,Seo, Hae-gyoung,An, Hee-duk 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Objective : The effects of electroacupuncture(EA) stimulation on heart rate variability(HRV) for healthy adults are investigated with power spectrum analysis(PSA) of HRV. Methods : The HRVs of every 10 minute for 22 healthy volunteers(13 men and 9 women) were measured for an hour with SA-3000P(Medicore Co., Ltd., Korea). The median age with arithmetic range of 13 men and 9 women was 26.00 years with 22.75~27.00 years. The initial 20 minutes were defined as baseline period(pre-EA period), the following 20 minutes as the EA period and the last 20 minutes as the post-EA period. In each EA periods, volunteers received EA(2Hz, 0.6~0.8ms duration, maximal tolerated stimulation without discomfort) on the right Zusanli(ST36), Shangjuxu(ST37) acupoints while supine, resting. Results : Heart rate of volunteers at post-EA period was significantly decreased compare to that of pre-EA period, while SDNN at post-EA period was significantly increased. Heart rate at EA period was significantly decreased compare to that of pre-EA period, but Ln(LF) and LF/HF at EA period were significantly increased. Ln(HF) at post-EA period was significantly decreased compare to that of EA period, while the other variables were not significantly changed. Conclusions : The results suggest that EA in healthy adults is associated with changed activity in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Further study is needed for investigating the effects of EA on HRV and autonomic nervous system.

스핀코팅 방법으로 제작된 ZnO 나노 섬유질 박막의 전구체 농도에 따른 표면 및 광학적 특성

김민수,김군식,임광국,조민영,전수민,최현영,이동율,김진수,김종수,이주인,임재영,Kim, Min-Su,Kim, Ghun-Sik,Yim, Kwang-Gug,Cho, Min-Young,Jeon, Su-Min,Choi, Hyun-Young,Lee, Dong-Yul,Kim, Jin-Soo,Kim, Jong-Su,Lee, Joo-In,Leem, Jae-Young 한국진공학회 2010 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.19 No.6

ZnO nano-fibrous thin films with various precursor concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 mol (M) were grown by spin-coating method and effects of the precursor concentration on surface and optical properties of the ZnO nano-ribrous thin films were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL). ZnO nuclei were formed at the precursor concentration below 0.4 M and the ZnO nano-fibrous thin films were grown at the precursor concentration above 0.6 M. Further increase in the precursor concentration, the thickness of the ZnO nano-fibrous thin films is gradually increased. The intensity and the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the near-band-edge emission (NBE) is increased as the precursor concentration is increased. The deep-level emission (DLE) is red-shifted as the precursor concentration is increased. 스핀코팅 방법을 이용하여 다양한 농도의 전구체로 ZnO 나노 섬유질 박막(ZnO nano-fibrous thin films)을 성장하였고, 그에 따른 표면 및 광학적 특성 변화를 scanning electron microscopy (SEM)와 photoluminescence (PL)을 이용하여 측정하였다. 전구체 농도가 0.4 mol (M) 이하 일 때는 성장률이 낮아 ZnO 핵생성만이 되었고, 0.6 M 이상일 때 ZnO 박막은 나노섬유질 구조가 되었다. 전구체 농도가 더욱 증가함에 따라 ZnO 나노 섬유질의 굵기가 굵어졌고 ZnO 박막의 두께도 단계적으로 두꺼워졌다. 전구체 농도가 증가함에 따라 ZnO 나노 섬유질 박막의 photoluminescence (PL)의 근밴드가장자리 광방출(near-band-edge emission) 피크 세기와 full-width at half-maximu (FWHM)이 증가하였고, 깊은 준위 광방출(deep-level mission) 피크는 적색편이(red-shift)하였다.

Bong-Han Corpuscles as Possible Stem Cell Niches on the Organ-Surfaces

김민수,홍주영,홍수,이병천,남창훈,우희종,강대인,소광섭,Kim, Min-Su,Hong, Ju-Young,Hong, Su,Lee, Byung-Cheon,Nam, Chang-Hoon,Woo, Hee-Jong,Kang, Dae-In,Soh, Kwang-Sup KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2008 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.11 No.1

목적 : 봉한소체가 성체줄기세포의 원천이며, 봉한관이 줄기세포 수송로일 가능성을 확인함. 방법 : 쥐의 내부 장기표면에서 봉한소체와 봉한관을 채취했다. 다양한 줄기세포 표지항체를 써서 면역조직학적 분석을 했다. 결과 : mesenchymal 줄기세포에 관한 Integrin ${\beta}1$, Collagen type 1, Fibronectin의 강한 발현을 확인했다. CD54는 발현되지 않았다. 조혈줄기세포에 관련하여 Thy 1의 발현이 있었다. 결론 : 골수조직과 유사하게 mesenchymal과 조혈줄기세포의 표지가 BHC에서 확인되었고, 봉한관에서는 vWF가 발현되어 줄기세포 수송로 가능성을 확인했다. Objectives : Showing that Bong-Han corpuscles(BHC) are suppliers of the stem cells in adulthood, and the Bong-Han ducts(BHD) are transportation routes of stem cells. Methods : BHC and BHD were obtained from the internal organ-surfaces of rats. The sliced BHC and BHD were immunostained with various stem cell markers. Extracellular matrices were also analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Result : The presence of mesenchymal stem cells was confirmed by the expression of Integrin beta 1, Collagen type 1 and Fibronectin. But CD54 was not expressed. The hematopoietic stem cell marker, Thy 1 was strongly expressed. BHDs showed Collagen type 1, Fibronectin, and vWF expression. Conclusion : Both hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cell markers were expressed strongly in BHC similarly as in bone marrow. An endothelial cell marker(vWF) demonstrated the possibility of the stem cell transportation routes of BHD.

재긴장과 무선 모니터링이 가능한 유압식 케이블 접합부시스템의 실험에 대한 연구

김민수,이기학,김성범,이성민,백기열,Kim, Min-Su,Lee, Ki-Hak,Kim, Seong-Beom,Lee, Sung-Min,Baek, Ki-Youl 한국공간구조학회 2011 한국공간구조학회지 Vol.11 No.2

케이블 구조시스템의 경우 자기 평형 상태를 유지하기 때문에 장력이 손실된 특정 케이블을 재긴장을 하지 않으면 구조엔지니어가 요구한 하중보다 더 큰 하중이 다른 케이블에 전달되어 손상을 야기 할 수 있다. 또한, 턴버클을 이용한 재긴장 방법이 기존에 널리 적용되고 있지만 정확한 장력조절과 대구경 케이블에는 적절하지 못하고 인장재의 하중의 크기를 측정하는 것이 어렵다. 따라서 효과적으로 재긴장 할 수 있는 유압식 볼팅 접합부를 개발하고 인장력을 실시간으로 확인할 수 있는 모니터링 시스템을 적용하였다. 본 논문에서는 개발된 시스템의 현장 적용성 실험과 결과를 제시하였다. Due to the self-equilibrium status of the cable system, the loss of the tensioning in the cable system results in other cables carrying larger tension forces than those initially calculated by structural engineers. Also, turn-buckle systems, which have been widely used to pre-tension and/or re-tension the cables, are limited to use for small cables and to provide a rough estimation for tension forces. In this study, the re-tensioning cable connection systems were developed to overcome the problems mentioned above. The main objective of the proposed system is to re-tension large cables and measure the exact amount of tension forces of the cable systems. This connection system is also combined with the wireless signal monitoring module so that engineers are able to measure the tension forces any place where the internet is available. This paper presents the development of the re-tensioning cable connection systems and experiment using the real-scale cable systems to verify the fe-tensioning and signal monitoring systems.