수직자기기록용 박막의 제작

김경환,김명호,손인환,김재환 ( Kyung Hwan Kim,Myung Ho Kim,In Hwan Son,Jae Hwan Kim ) 한국전기전자재료학회 1997 한국전기전자재료학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.1997 No.1

베체트씨병에 의한 대동맥판 폐쇄부전의 수술적 치료

김경환,김기봉,김원곤,김주현,안혁,Kim, Kyung-Hwan,Kim, Ki-Bong,Kim, Won-Gon,Kim, Joo-Hyun,Ahn, Hyuk 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 2000 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.33 No.5

Background: Cardiac involvement of Behcets disease is very rate, however, the prognosis of Behcet disease depends on cardiovascular complications. In this article, we described surgical treatment of aortic insufficiency with Behcets disease. Material and Method: From March 1986 to February 1998, we operated on 10 patients of aortic insufficiency with Behcets disease. Male to female ratio was 8 to 2, and age ranged from 21 to 40 years(mean 32.8 years). There were 8 patients with evidence of Behcets disease and another 2 patients had some suspicious findings of Behcets disease(i.e., prosthetic value dehiscence, hypertrophied aortic wall). Adequate preoperative medical treatment for Behcets disease was done in 3 patients. Result: We performed 24 open heart surgeries in 10 patients. Redo value replacements using prosthetic valves were done in 4 patients. Among them, 2 patients were operated on for a second redo valve replacement and one of them operated on for a 4th and 5th operation because of recurrent paravalvular leakage. These 4 patients expired. 1 patient who had undergons tissue value replacement is alive. 1 patient who underwent Cabrol operation expired dut to rupture of graft anastomosis site. We used homografts in 3 patients. In 2 of them, we performed aortic root replacement and subcoronary valve replacement in another patient. The patient who underwent subcoronary valve insertion had remnant aortic insufficiency, so we are closely observing him. We also performed Ross operation in a 24 year old female who suffered severs aortic insufficiency and endocarditis after aortic valvuloplasty. 5 patients are alive and mean follow up duration is 49.0 months. Among them, we used homografts or sutografts in 4 patients. We could observe excellent clinical results in the patients who underwent aortic root replacement using homograft and they were treated medically for Behcets disease. Conclusion: We concluded that adequate preporative diagnosis, clinical suspicion, and periopertive medical treatment for Behcets disease are very important for the result of surgical management of aortic insufficiency with Behcets disease. The use of homograft or autograft was helpful for the healing of anastomosis site and we should carefully observe the long term follow up results.

앉고 일어서기 동작에서 점진적 체중 이동을 이용한 시각적 되먹임 훈련이 만성 편마비 환자의 균형 및 보행능력에 미치는 영향

김경환,박성훈,김형민,박노욱,김다연,Kim, Kyung-hwan,Park, Sung-hoon,Kim, Hyung-min,Pak, Noh-wook,Kim, Da-yeon 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2017 PNF and Movement Vol.15 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of visual feedback training-for gradual weight shift in sit-to-stand training-on the balance and walking abilities of chronic hemiplegia patients. Methods: Twenty patients with chronic hemiplegia volunteered to participate in this study. The experimental group received visual feedback for gradual weight shift in the sit-to-stand training, while the contrast group followed the standard process for the sit-to-stand training. The evaluation of the balance and walking ability was conducted with the functional reach test (FRT), Berg balance scale (BBS), five time sit-to-stand (FTSTS) test, timed up and go (TUG) test, 10 m walk test (10MWT), balancia, activities-specific balance confidence (ABC) scale, and falls efficacy scale (FES). Results: In the results before and after intervention, there was a significant difference in TUG, 10MWT, ABC, and FES in the visual feedback training group (p < 0.05). In the control group, there was a significant difference in the 10MWT and ABC (p < 0.05). Also, in the evaluation of the postural fluctuations, the control group data showed a significant increase in Covar. The visual feedback group showed a significant difference in the W average. Conclusion: The visual feedback training group showed some improvement in terms balance and walking ability and on the ABC scale and FES. Therefore, if the diagonal progressive weight bearing exercise is combined with the various patterns and basic principles of PNF, it may be a more efficient intervention method.

고양지역 두 병원에서의 약물 중독 양상

김경환,박준석,신동운,노준영,김혜진,구홍두,조진경,김아진,Kim Kyung-Hwan,Park Jun-Soek,Shin Dong-Wun,Rho Jun-Young,Kim Hey-Jin,Gu Hong-Du,Cho Jin-Kyung,Kim Ah-Jin 대한임상독성학회 2006 대한임상독성학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Purpose: In the year of 2005, it enforced the basic study for establishing program of Poison Control Center by National Institute of Toxicologic Research. The object of our survey is to analyze the characteristics of intoxication from the City of Goyang by same protocol. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of medical records of the intoxication patient in the two hospitals of the Goyang from 2004 June 1st to 2005 May 31th. The investigation protocol applied the TESS report form which was used from the Basic study for establishing program of Poison Control Center. Results: The intoxication patients were total 269 persons, the patients of A hospital were 184 persons, B hospital were 185 persons. The most common intoxication materials were medicines, in afterwords it was an agricultural chemical. The most common place of intoxication was the home. The intentional suicidal attempts in the reason of intoxication were 51.2%. The rate of the patients who discharges from the emergency department was 50.4% and death rate was 4.3%. Conclusion: We concluded that the continuous and systemic report and analysis should be accomplished from the Goyang area.

CPM Bar Chart 기법을 활용한 일정계획

김경환,김수유,김재준,Kim Kyung-Hwan,Kim Soo-Yoo,Kim Jae-Jun 한국건설관리학회 2004 건설관리 : 한국건설관리학회 학회지 Vol.5 No.5

본 연구에서는 바차트(bar chart) 기법과 CPM 기법의 장점을 결합한 CPM bar chart(CBC) 기법을 제시한다. CBC는 기존의 fenced bar chart(FBC)의 장점을 유지하면서 단점을 보완한 것으로, 작업 관계를 나타내는 fence에 방향성을 부여함으로써, 기존 FBC에서 상당한 혼란을 유발하는 fence의 분리과정 없이 작업들의 관계를 표현할 수 있다. 또한, fence의 분리를 파악하기 위해 더미작업(dummy activity)을 확인하는 과정이 생략되어 보다 손쉽게 작성할 수 있는 장점도 있다. 바차트의 간결성을 유지하면서 CPM의 네트워크 논리 표현이 가능해짐에 따라, CBC는 다양한 프로젝트 참여자들 간의 원활한 의사소통에 기여하리라 예상된다. 또한, resource constrained scheduling, resource leveling, 작업 분리가 고려된 일정 조정, 공기 지연 분석 등의 CPM 기법에 기초한 다양한 일정 계획 및 관리에도 적용이 용이하여, 실무뿐만이 아니라 공정관리 교육과정에서도 활용성이 높으리라 기대된다. This paper proposes the CPM bar chart (CBC), a hybrid of the bar chart and the critical pad method (CPM). The CBC overcomes shortages of the fenced bar chart, while still keeping advantages. The fence with direction is applied instead of the broken fence, which triggers considerable problems to identify and apply in the fenced bar chart. In addition, the notorious task to find dummy activities is no longer required. Upon the benefits of simplicity in the bar chart and logical work sequence in the CPM network. the CBC provides a relatively easy way to create and understand a schedule, thus improving communication quality between project participants. With the advantages, the CBC can also be effectively applied to various scheduling techniques such as resource constrained scheduling, resource leveling, scheduling with activity split, delay impact analysis, etc.

펀측 상지에 적용된 고유수용성 신경근 촉진법이 반대측 하지의 근 활성도에 미치는 영향

김경환,박지원,배성수,Kim, Kyung-Hwan,Park, Ji-Won,Bae, Sung-Soo 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2006 PNF and Movement Vol.4 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) applied to the unilateral upper extremity on the muscle activation of contralateral lower extremity. Twenty-two healthy subjects (mean age of 23.7 years) participated in this study. Method : PNF patterns applied on the unilateral upper extremity in all subjects were the flexion/abduction/external rotation and lifting pattern. The hold and appoximation techniques for the irradiation were applied to end range of both patterns. Muscle activations in four patterns were measured in vastus medialis, tibialis anterior, rectus femoris, and gastrocnemius medial muscles of contralateral lower extremity using surface EMG system. Each EMG value in individual muscle was normalized for maximal voluntary contraction. The data were analyzed by one factor analysis of variance with repeated measure test. Result : There were significant differences in the between-subject effect (muscles) and within-subject effect (patterns) in comparison of muscle activation by application of PNF patterns (p<.05). The irradiation led to higher activation in the flexion/abduction/external rotation pattern than that of lifting pattern in all muscles (p<.05). The approximation techniques revealed more activations than these of hold technique in all muscles (p<.05). Conclusion : These results suggest that the application of PNF patterns to the unilateral upper extremity affect on the muscle activation of contralateral lower extremity and increase according to the intensity of resistance. This mechanism of contralateral effect might provide a help to the development of treatment method for the affected side and functional improvement for the patients who have damages of central nervous system or musculoskeletal problems by orthopedic injury.

우회전 보정계수 산정기법

김경환,김영,Kim, Gyeong-Hwan,Kim, Yeong 대한교통학회 2001 대한교통학회지 Vol.19 No.4

Korean Highway Capacity Manual applies 7 adjustment factors to estimate saturation flows at signalized intersections. Among the adjustment factors, the right-turn adjustment factor uses equation hard to understand and requires complicated computing process comparing other adjustment factors. Thus. this study was conducted in order to suggest a new technique of estimating the right-turn adjustment factor which is easy to understand and simple to computer by having reasonable degree of accuracy. In this study the right-turn saturation flow ratios which are important in estimating the factor are suggested and the equation to estimate the volume of right-turn on red signal(RTOR) is developed based on observed data. The right-turn saturation flow rates can be estimated according to turning radius and number of lanes of crossing road dividing right-turn lanes into canalized and uncanalized lanes. The RTOR volume is estimated using the proportion of the time during which RTOR is possible to the whole time of red signal according to the through traffic volume per lane of the approach at signalized intersections. The technique of estimating the right-turn adjustment factor suggested in this study, which follows the HCM2000 of U.S. in principal, first judges the right-turn lane to be used exclusively for right-turn or not by employing the RTOR factor and the judging equation developed in this study. Next, if the right-turn lane is not exclusive right-turn lane, the shared right-turn lane is classified into single lane approach or multi lane approach. Thus, a total of three methods of estimating the right-turn adjustment factor to the three cases are suggested in this study. 현재 우리나라의 도로용량편람은 신호교차로에서의 한 차로군의 포화유율을 산정하기 위해서는 7개의 보정요소가 적용된다. 이들 보정계수 중에서 우회전보정계수는 타보정계수에 비하여 복잡한 계산과정과 이해하기도 매우 어려운 수식의 사용을 요한다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 소정의 정밀도를 가지면서 이해하기 쉬우며 계산이 단순한 신호교차로에서의 우회전보전계수 산정기법을 제시하기 위하여 수행되었다. 본 연구의 결과 현장 자료에 기초한 우회전 포화유율 및 적색신호 동안의 우회전교통량(RTOR교통량) 추정식이 제안되었다. 우회전 포화유율은 우회전차로를 도류화와 비도류화로 양분한 다음 곡선반경과 교차도로 편도 차로수에 따라 포화유율을 추정하였다. RTOR교통량은 접근로의 차로당 직진교통량에 따른 'RTOR이 가능한 시간의 적색시간에 대한 비'를 이용하여 추정되었다. 본 연구에서의 우회전보정계수 산정기법은, 전반적인 기법은 USHCM 2000의 기법을 수용하되 '한국 도로용량편람 개선 연구'의 결과를 일부 수용하여 본 연구에서 제안된 RTOR계수와 판별식에 의해 공용 우회전차로의 실질적 우회전차로로의 전용성을 판단하고 공용 우회전차로는 다시 단차로 접근로 여부에 따라 양분하여 총 3가지 경우로 구분하여 제시되었다.

의미론적인 단순화된 그림 및 표의문자를 인지하는 과정에 대한 fMRI 연구

김경환,이성기,송명성,권민정,정준영,박현욱,윤효운,Kim Kyung Hwan,Lee Sung Ki,Song Myung Sung,Kwon Min Jung,Chung Jun Young,Park Hyun Wook,Yoon Hyo Woon 대한자기공명의과학회 2003 Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Vol.7 No.2

문자와 그림을 인식하는데 있어 인식패턴의 반구차이는 인지심리학적으로 널리 연구되어왔고 또 증명되어졌다. 일반적으로 그림을 인식하는 있어서는 우반구 우세를 문자를 인식하는 있어는 좌반구 우세를 이야기하는데 본 논문에서는 그 사실을 바탕으로 fMRI 연구를 진행하였다. 동양문화권에서 문자로 사용되고 있는 한자 역시 그림으로 인식한다는 견해가 있다는 것이다. 한자의 인지가 좌반구 또는 우반구 우세라는 엇갈린 견해들이 있다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 한자와 그림의 인식패턴에 대한 반구차이 및 활성화되는 두뇌의 영역을 규명하기 위해 비교 실험하였다. 자극으로 사용되어진 그림은 한자와 동일한 의미를 가진 단순화된 것이다. 실험 디자인은 일반적으로 사용되는 블록디자인을 사용하였고 SPM을 사용하여 분석하였다. 결론으로 한자와 그림 인식패턴 모두 반구우세성을 이야길 할 경우 시각영역인 후두엽 및 측두엽 부분에서는 우반구 우세가 보이지만 일반적으로 반구우세성을 이야기하기는 무리가 있는 것 같다. The different perceiving patterns of each picture, alphabetic words and Chinese characters, were widely investigated psychophysically. The more precise localisation can be done in terms of brain activity us-ing functional image technique such as PET and fMRI recently, Until now, there was no fMRI study to make direct comparison between perception of single Chinese character and simplified pictures (pictograph). We have made direct comparison of these two components using modern magnetic resonance techniques. We cannot confirm the right hemispheric dominance for perception of single Chinese character and pictographs. These two kinds of perceiving pattern can be underlying different mechanism.

자세변화에 따른 PNF 패턴이 체간 근육활성에 미치는 영향

김경환,윤혜진,박성훈,임진우,Kim, Kyung-Hwan,Youn, Hye-Jin,Park, Sung-Hun,Lim, Jin-Woo 대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회 2016 PNF and Movement Vol.14 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) patterns on electromyography (EMG) activity in the rectus abdominis, internal abdominal oblique, external abdominal oblique, and erector spinae according to position changes. Methods: Ten healthy adults volunteered to participate in the study. The subjects were required to complete exercises that followed two PNF extremity patterns, namely, an upper extremity extension-adduction-internal rotation pattern and a lower extremity flexion-adduction-external rotation pattern. The exercises were applied in the supine, side-lying, and sitting positions. Repeated measure one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni correction were used to determine the influence of the patterns on muscle activity for each muscle, and descriptive statistics were then used to determine the local/global muscle ratios. Results: The upper extremity pattern had a significant effect on the rectus abdominis and erector spinae in the supine position, and on the internal oblique and external oblique in the sitting position (p<0.05). The median value for the internal oblique/rectus abdominis showed a high ratio of 2.05, and a high ratio of 1.01 was shown for the internal oblique/external oblique in the sitting position. The lower extremity pattern had a significant effect on the rectus abdominis in the side-lying position and on the internal oblique, external oblique, and erector spinae in the sitting position (p<0.05). The median value for the internal oblique/rectus abdominis showed a high ratio of 2.83 in the sitting position and a high ratio of 1.30 for the internal oblique/external oblique in the side-lying position. Conclusion: The PNF pattern increases local muscle activation in an unstable position. Therefore, when the pattern is used for intervention purposes, trunk stability and varied position changes should be taken into account.

심장내 이물질: 선행 원인이 불분명한 환자에서 발견된 우심실내 봉합침

김경환,장지민,안혁,Kim, Kyung-Hwan,Chang, Ji-Min,Ahn, Hyuk 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 2000 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.33 No.8

A 34 year-old woman was hospitalized with anterior chest pain and indigestion. Chest radiograph and computed tomogram revealed a sewing needle in the cardiac cavity. She had no histories of surgical intervention, drug abuse, or acupuncture. We removed the needle from the right ventricle under cardiopulmonary bypass.