발달장애 발생요인의 예측과 장애아 가족의 복지모형 개발연구(2) : 발달지체아동의 위험차원과 가족적 대처방안 Family Coping Strategies for At - Risk Children

정영숙,이상복,정보인,홍강의 한국정서학습장애아교육학회 2001 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to identify potential risk dimensions for at-risk children and to find family copying strategies based on family stress, perception of the situation, and coping strategies. This study assumes that the presence of children at risk may be considered a potential stress factor for the families, and the family's perception of their situation influences the degree of distress experienced by the family. Data were factor analyzed, and the results revealed four different risk dimension types : impulse-aggressive, physical-immature, cognitive-immature, social-immature dimension. Risk dimension types are likely to correlated with family stress, perception of the situation, and coping strategies. Similarities and differences in risk dimension types are discussed, and implications for family copying strategies are provided.

발달장애 발생요인의 예측과 장애아동의 복지모형 개발연구 : 위험요인차원 및 유형을 중심으로 Focused on Risk Pattern Dimensions and Types

정영숙,이상복,정보인,홍강의 한국정서학습장애아교육학회 2000 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.16 No.2

The main purpose of this study was to analyze specific risk factor types through examining the group characteristics of children with developmental disabilities and risk factor structure for the children. The result showed that children with developmental disabilities have diversely structured heterogeneous groups based on the characteristics of risk factors. It also showed that the risk factor for children was determined by three dimensions which include impulsivity-aggression, immaturity, and neurosis. The critical factor in forming risk factor types depends on how much the child lacks coordinating ability, self-intensity, intelligent ability, and physical strength, compared to his/her impulsivity, self-injury, and lack in feeling of reality and identity. Also, the degree of the child's anxiety and guilty conscience was a critical factor in determining structural dimensions of risk types compared to the degree of the child's dependency and/or withdrawal. The risk factor types were classified into three groups: mild-withdrawal type, impulsive-aggressive type, and immature-neurotic type. The probability that each child was exposed to each of the risk factor types was dependent on the parents' psychological stress, family function, birth weight of the child, parents' educational level, family income level, mother's maternity age for the child, time of diagnosis for developmental disability.

Dieulafoy 양 병변에 의한 십이지장게실 출혈 1 예

김상현,김경환,이동현,송철수,정노원,박상제,김은규,하홍성,나일환,황윤이,성은영,최익수,신영기 대한소화기내시경학회 2001 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.23 No.1

Duodenal diverticula are first reported by Chomel in 1710. Duodenal diverticula are relatively common in adults with a prevalence of 23% in SRCP. The most duodenal diverticulum is asymptomatic. Complications such as obstruction, cholangitis, blliary stones, ulceration, perforation and hemorrhage can occur in approximately 10%. However, relatively few cases of bleeding from a duodenal diverticulum have been reported. The cause of bleeding from a duodenal diverticulum is uncertain and various suspected etiologies were suggested, such as ectopic gastric mucosa, stasis-induced ulceration, erosion into major vessels, aortoenteric fistuias, intradiverticujar polyp, aspirin-induced erosion. We report a case of a bleeding duodenal diverticulum by a Dieulafoy-like lesion and suggest this 1esion as one of posslble causes of blee4ng in duodenal diverticulum.

보험회사 리스크관리 감독정책에 관한 연구 : 보험회사를 대상으로 한 설문조사분석을 중심으로

류건식,정석영 한국보험학회 2001 保險學會誌 Vol.60 No.-

본 연구는 보험회사의 입장을 고려하여 향후 리스크관리 감독체제의 방향 설정을 주목적으로 하고 있으며 이를 위하여 보험회사를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시·통계분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 금융감독원에서 작성한 리스크관리 체크리스트 활용미흡, 회사내의 공감대를 형성할 수 있는 리스크관리 실행전략 수립이 미흡, 전문인력의 양성 및 확보가 미진한 점으로 지적되었다. 리스크관리 정책 및 경영의 중요성에 대한 전문가 의견은 리스크관리의 인식의 중요성, 회사 실정에 맞는 자체적 실천방안, 독립적인 리스크관리조직의 필요성, 최고경영자의 리스크관리 인식전환, 전문인력확보 등이 시급한 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 이러한 의견들은 보험회사의 특성에 기인하여 몇 가지의 문항에서 보험회사간 중요성의 정도 차이가 존재하였지만 대부분 생/손/외국계 보험회사의 전문가가 판단한 중요도는 일치하고 있었다. 향후 보험회사 리스크관리 감독규정은 이러한 점을 감안하여 방향설정이 이루어져야 할 것이다. This paper aims to suggest the risk management (RM) regulation policies by focusing on the insurance corporations. Our results are based on the extensive survey among 35 insurance corporations. The analysis of survey with respect to the current circumstances of RM among insurance corporations reveals as follows; the absence of practice in checklist provided by Financial Supervisory Service, lack of risk RM strategy planning, lack of in-house RM professionals and their training programs. The survey of the RM specialists reveal that the most imminent probiems are as follows; insufficient understanding of top management, absence of practical RM strategy planning and not independent RM organization, lack of RM experts, and so on. Also our statistical results indicate that there is no difference among Life/Property and Liability/Foreign insurance corporations even though only a few opinions are different from each other because of the unique characteristics of their businesses. These results could provide some suggestions and implications for RM regulation policies.

신장이식에 대한 마취경험

김종래,박광원,문영삼,정인석,손영은 대한마취과학회 1982 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.15 No.1

전,후기 노인의 건강행위, 건강상태와 건강관련 삶의 질

정영해 ( Young Hae Chung ),조유향 ( Yoo Hyang Cho ) 대한보건협회 2014 대한보건연구 Vol.40 No.1

연구목적 : 본 연구는 노년 전기와 후기 노인의 건강행위, 건강상태와 건강관련 삶의 질 수준을 파악하고, 관련요인을 파악 하고자 한 것이다. 연구방법 : 2010년 국민건강영양조사 제5기 1차년도 원자료를 사용하여 65세 이상 노인 1,339명을 대상으로 교육, 경제수준, 운동, 흡연, 음주, 만성질병, 성별, 거주지역, 동거인, 주관적건강상태, BMI 및 EQ-5D를 건강설문-검진조사가중치를 사례 수에 맞추어 활용하였으며 SPSS 20.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 노년전기군(<75세)과 노년후기군(≥75세)을 카이제곱검정과 t-검정으로 비교하였으며, 후진제거방식 회귀분석으로 두 군의 건강관련 삶의 질 관련요인을 비교하였다. 연구결과 : 여성노인이 58.4%로 많았으며, 교육수준은 초졸 이하가 3/4으로, 노년후기군은 여성노인과 초졸 이하가 더 많았고, 노년전기군에는 중졸, 고졸, 대졸이상 노인과 배우자와 함께하는 비율이 많았다. 흡연율 13.3%, 음주율 46.9%, 운동실천율 47.8%, 만성질환율 80.3%이었는데, 노년전기군의 경우 음주와 운동실천율 및 비만이 높았고, 노년후기군은 저체중, 우울증상, 자살을 생각해본 적과 주관적인 건강상태가 유의하게 높았다. 노년전기군의 삶의 질은 노년후기군에 비해 유의하게 높았으며, 삶의 질을 구성한 각 항목은 모두 노년전기군에서 유의하게 낮아 노년후기군보다 삶의 질이 더 좋았다. 노년전기군의 삶의 질 관련요인은 성별, 주관적 건강상태, BMI로 나타났고, 노년후기군에서는 경제수준, 만성질환 유무와 주관적 건강상태가 삶의 질과 관련되었다. 결론 : 노인의 삶의 질을 높이기 위하여, 노년 전기에는 체중관리에 초점을 맞추고 성별에 따라 차별화된 서비스를 제공하며 노년 후기에는 경제상태와 교육수준에 따른 서비스를 제공하고, 전·후기 노인 모두 만성질관관리, 건강관리, 및 일상생활능력 향상을 위한 서비스를 제공되어야 함을 제안한다. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in quality of life and related factors among the elderly by the young and the old-old. Methods: Elderly data of 1,339 case from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Korea Center for Disease Control, 2010) were analyzed with SPSS 20.0, using complex survey data analysis methods. Most of the instruments were used according to the original survey while some were re-categorized. Gender, education, living area, income status, factors considered to be related to quality of life such as exercise, smoking and drinking habits, existence of chronic diseases, perceived health, and BMI were explored for their relationship with quality of life. Significance level was set to .05. Results: In this study, 58.4% of the subject were female, and approximately 3/4 had education below elementary school. However, there were more female, more elementary school education, and fewer living with significant others among the old-old. Underweight, depression, and suicidal thoughts were more prevalent among the old-old. The old-old perceived their health worse. Quality of life scores were lower for the old-old. In terms of health behaviors, there were more drinking, exercising, and overweight among the young-old. Factors related to quality of life turned out to be gender, perceived health and BMI among the young-old and education, economic status, and perceived health among the old-old. Conclusion: We recommend differentiated health policy and health programs for the young- and the old-old.

Hepatic Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck(Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus(WHV)

Kyu-shik Jeong,정원일,Jae-yong Chung,Mi-young An,Chae-yong Jung,Gyoung-jae Lee,Jong-soo Kang,Byeong-cheol Kang,Young-heun Jee,Bruce H Williams,Young-oh Kwon,Da-hee Jeong 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck (Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus (WHV)Da-hee Jeong, Won-il Jeong, Jae-yong Chung, Mi-young An, Chae-yong Jung, Gyoung-jae Lee1, Jong-soo Kang1, Byeong-cheol Kang2, Young-heun Jee3, Bruce H Williams4, Young-oh Kwon5 and Kyu-shik Jeong*College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea1Shinwon Scientific Co., LTD, Research Institute, Suwon, Korea2Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea

複合 韓藥劑 淸籬滋坎湯의 抗癌效果 및 作用機轉 糾明

Cho, Kyung-Sam,Kim, Si-Young,Park, Jai-Kyung,Choi, Seung-Hoon,Chung, Se-Young,Yoon, Hwi-Joong 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Kyung Sam Cho¹Si Young Kim¹, Jai Kyung Park²,Seung Hoon Choi³,Se Young Chung⁴, Hwi Joong Yoon¹¹College of Medicine, ²East-West Medical Research Institute, ³College of Oriental Medicine, ⁴College of Pharmacology, Kyung Hee University,Seoul, Korea. The Anti-cancer Effect of Oriental Medicine Chung-Ri-Ja-Gam-Tang in the Mouse with Metastatic Lung Cancer. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 231-243, 1999.-The oriental medicine Chung-Ri-Ja-Gam-Tang is an herbal medicine which has been used for pulmonary diseases and known as having immune stimulatory effects. It has been known effective in lung cancer. So we studied the effects and the mechanisms of this herbal medicine it the mouse with metastatic lung cancer. The metastatic lung cancer of the mouse was produced with melnoma cell line(B16BL/6).5×10□/mouse tumor cells were injected intravenously to the CDF1 mouse via tail vein. The mice were divided 4 groups. The first group was treated with 50mg/kg extract of Chung-Ri-Ja-Gam-Tang per oral for 10 days after cancer cell injection, second group treated with saline after cancer cell injection, the third group with medicine without cancer cell, and the last group with saline only. After 10 days treatments some of the mice were scarificed and the lung and spleen was removed. The survival duration, weight change, the number of metastatic cancer nodule of the lung, the NK cell activity, the capacity of cytokines(INF-γ,INF-α,IL-2) production and the proliferation activities of mouse lymphocytes were measured. The surival times of the group 1 mice were longer and the weight loss was less than the group 2 significantly. The number of the metastatic nodule of the lung were decresed in the group 1 than the group 2. The production of INF-γ,was increase in group 2 than group 3 and 4, IL-2 production was increased in group 1 than group 2,3,4 significantly. There was no difference in TNF- α production and proliferation activity of lymphocyte in each group. The NK cell activity was significantly increased in group 1 than group 2,3,4. We conclude that the Chung-Ri-Ja-Gam-Tang has the effect of increasing the NK cell activity of the CDF1 mouse with metastatic lung cancer(B16BL/6). And it is suggested that the increased production of the IL-2 is the mechanisms of enhanced NK cell activity.

고령자 (고령자) 십이지장 궤양 (궤양)

정준모(Joon Mo Chung),정극수(Keuk Soo Chung),최용환(Yong Hwan Choi),김인호(In Ho Kim),김효석(Hyo Seuk Kim),김영재(Young Jae Kim) 대한소화기학회 1982 대한소화기학회지 Vol.14 No.1

N/A Clinical studies on patients with duodenal ulcer who visited endoscopy room of Kyungpook National University Hospital since 1976 were performed. Among these patients, we compared the number of patients with gastric or duodenal ulcer yearly, and some aspects of difference between 57 cases of old age(above 60 years) and 129 cases of young age(under 30 years) patients with duodenal ulcer. The results obtained were as follows. 1) In examined cases, number of patients with duodenal ulcer was progressively increased year by year and number of gastric ulcer was more prevalent than that of duodenal ulcer unti11979 when the ratio of gastric and duodenal ulcer became nearly same, and thereafter duodenal ulcer cases were begun more predominant about 2 times that of gastric ulcer in 1981 2) Comparing the sex distribution of old and young age group, male was predominant about 12 times of female cases in young age group and about 2.5 times in old. 3) Overall complications including bleeding, perforation, obstruction and others were seen in 63. 2% of old age group and in 48.1% of young. 4) In 8 weeks follow up cases that was possible although it was least in number, 8 cases were improved or healed in old age group but 5 cases out of 18 cases in young revealed no improvement by ordinary regimen.

콩 단백 성분 및 연령이 암컷 흰쥐의 혈장 지질 농도와 인지질 지방산 패턴에 미치는 영향

정은정(Eun-Jung Chung),김수연(Soo-Yeon Kim),김지영(Ji-Young Kim),안지영(Ji-Young Ahn),박정화(Jung-Wha Park),차명화(Myung-Hwa Cha),이양자(Yang-Cha Lee Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2003 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.32 No.2

혈중 지질농도는 식이단백질 종류보다는 연령의 영향을 많이 받아, young군보다 old군의 총 콜레스테롤, TG, HDL-콜레스테롤, LDL+VLDL-콜레스테롤 및 AI 모두 높았다. 한편 콩 단백질군에서 HDL-콜레스테롤 수준이 증가하고, LDL+VLDL-콜레스테롤와 AI는 감소하여, 심혈관질환에 대한 콩 단백질의 유익한 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 식이단백질에 의해 유의한 영향을 받은 혈장 인지질의 지방산조성중 22:0, 18:1ω9, ∑MUFA 조성은 카제인군에서 콩 단백질군 보다 높았으며, 반대로 ∑SFA 조성은 카제인군에서 낮았다. 연령에 의해 혈장 인지질 지방산 조성에 있어 유의한 차이를 보인 지방산 중 22:0, 18:1ω9, 22:1, 18:3ω3 및 22:4ω6는 young군에서 높은 반면에, 22:6ω3, ∑ω3, 18:2ω6, 20:4ω6, ∑ω6 및 ∑PUFA의 조성비율은 old군에서 높게 나타났다. 이와 같이 식이 단백질의 종류보다 연령의 영향력이 더 많이 나타난 것은 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 식이 단백질보다는 연령의 영향을 더 크게 받았기 때문으로 생각된다. 혈장 인지질 지방산의 대사지표 중 Δ7-desaturation index(16:0⇒16:1ω7)와 Δ9-desaturation index(18:0⇒18:1ω9)가 식이 단백질의 영향을 받아 카제인군에 비해 콩 단백질군에서 유의하게 낮았다. Δ7- 및 Δ9-desaturation index만이 식이 단백질의 영향을 받은 것은 식이 단백질보다 desaturase 활성에 더 큰 영향력을 미치는 콜레스테롤이 식이에 첨가되었기 때문이라 생각된다. Δ-4 desaturation index (22:4ω6⇒22:5ω6)는 young군에 비해 old군에서 높았으며, elongation index(20:4 ω6⇒22:4ω6)는 old군에서 낮았다. 대부분의 elongation과 desaturation 단계는 연령에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이지 못하였으나, ω3계 지방산의 전체적인 elongation-desaturation 단계를 나타내는 ∑products-fatty acid(ω3)/α-LNA(ω3) 비율이 old군에서 young군보다 유의하게 높아, 연령에 따른 PUFA 대사의 변화가 관찰되었다. 이상에서와 같이, 콩 단백질의 섭취로 흰쥐 혈장 인지질의 ∑MUFA 조성은 낮고 ∑SFA 조성은 높아 다른 지질 강화성분의 섭취와 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 혈중 콜레스테롤 수준이 높은 old군에서 체내 막조직의 유동성을 유지하기 위해 PUFA의 합성 특히 ω3계 지방산의 elongation-desaturation이 증가하여 총 PUFA 조성이 young군보다 높았다. 연구결과로 이소플라본을 포함한 콩 단백질의 혈중 지질저하 기전에 대해 체계적인 설명은할 수 없지만, 콩 단백질이 혈장 지방산의 조성을 변화시킴으로써 간접적으로 심혈관계 질환에 대해 유익한 효과를 미침을 알 수 있었다. 한편, 이러한 혈관의 건강과 관련된 콩의 유익한 효과는 이소플라본과 같은 콩의 특정 성분의 단독효과라기보다는 콩 단백질과의 복합효과에 의한 것이라는 주장은 매우 설득력 있다고 생각된다. Effects of soy protein concentrate (SPC) containing isoflavone and casein diets on plasma phospholipid (PLs)-fatty acid patterns were investigated in 7- & 40- wk old female rats. Diets containing 16% SPC (soy/young: SY, soy/old: SO) and casein (casein/young: CY, casein/ old: CO) supplemented with 0.5% cholesterol were fed for 4 wks. Fatty acid compositions of plasma PLs were determined by TLC and GLC. Compared to the dietary protein effects, age effects on serum lipids were more profound. The levels of total cholesterol (Chol.), triglyceride, HDL-Chol., (LDL+VLDL)-Chol. and atherogenic index (AI) were higher in older groups (OC & OS) than younger groups (YC & YS). Soy groups had higher HDL-Chol. level and lower (LDL+VLDL)-Chol. and AI, compared with casein groups. The compositions of C22:0, C18:1ω9 and sum of MUFA in plasma PLs were significantly higher in casein group (CY & CO) than soy group (SY & SO), but those of sum of SFA were higher in soy group. The compositions of C22:0, C18:1ω9, C22:1, C18:3ω3 and C22:4ω6 were higher and those of C22:6ω3, sum ofω3, C18:2ω6 C20:4ω6, sum ofω6 and sum of PUFA were lower in plasma PLs of younger rats. The average P/S and ω3/ω6 ratio in older group was higher. The Δ-7 desaturation index (16:0⇒16:1ω7) and Δ-9 desaturation index (18:0⇒18 : 1ω9) were lower in soy group than casein group, while Δ-6 and Δ-5 desaturation index were not affected by dietary protein. The Δ-4 desaturation index (22:4ω6⇒22:5ω6) were higher and, elongation index (20:4ω6⇒22:4ω6) were lower in older group. The ratio of the products of ω3 fatty acid series/precursor of ω3 fatty acid series (C18:3) was significantly higher in older group, which in- dicated that age affected the plasma PUFA metabolism. On the other hand, older rats had higher serum cholesterol level compared with younger rats. Taken together, these changes in fatty acid composition might cause minimal changes in the membrane fluidity induced by the increase serum cholesterol level.