중고제 판소리 명창 방만춘, 방진관 연구

박성환(Park Seong-hwan) 고려대학교 한국학연구소 2010 한국학연구 Vol.35 No.-

동편제, 서편제와 함께 판소리 세 가지 유파 중 하나인 중고제 판소리는 충남 논산 강경의 김성옥을 위시로 한 금강유역권과 서산 해미의 고수관, 방만춘, 방진관 등을 위시로 한 내포문화권에서 크게 발달하였는데, 주로 양반상류층의 애호 속에 담담하고 고아古雅한 가곡풍으로 발전해온 것으로 보인다. 극도의 노력으로 성가를 이뤄 심청가를 완성한 방만춘은 조선 전기8명창 중 한사람으로 판소리사에 큰 업적을 세운 인물이며 가계를 이은 손자 방진관은 방응교와 동일인으로 일제강점기 신제판소리가 유행할 때에도 끝까지 중고제 전통을 지켰고, 그 정통성이 음반과 방송을 통해 확인되고 있다. 음반에 전하는 방진관의 소리 〈군사설움〉 대목의 악조 분석을 통해 현행 민속악이나 동, 서편제 소리와 다른 계면조의 평조적 표출, 구성음의 차이, 붙임새와 선율의 단조로움과 반복, 가곡풍의 창법 등의 특징을 확인할 수 있으며 이러한 사실들은 방진관의 판소리가 다른 중고제 명창들의 소리와 유사성이 많으며 이는 동, 서편제에 비해 보다 앞선 시기 고제판소리의 특성으로 볼 수 있다. 허흥식 소장본 심청가 소리책은 내포제의 고장 서산지역에서 전해진 것으로 방진관의 SP음반에 남겨진 판소리 사설 부분과 일치함을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 이 소리책이 조선창극사에 기록된 방만춘의 심청가 사설로 방진관을 거쳐 가계에 전해지던 필사본이 아닌가 면밀히 연구해볼 가치가 있다. 판소리의 古調를 고수해온 방진관의 중고제 판소리는 이제 전승이 끊긴 매우 희귀한 소리가 되었다. 통속성의 결과로 갈수록 설움조로 계면화되고, 유파나 바디를 떠나 하나같이 소리의 깊이와 다양성이 사라지고 있는 현실에서 방진관의 소리는 판소리 미학의 다양성을 보여주는 매우 귀중한 자료이다. 이제 방진관, 이동백, 김창룡, 심상건, 조학진등 중고제 명창들의 이채로운 소리제에 대한 학술적 연구와 함께 실기인들의 활발한 복원 작업을 체계화해야 한다. 이를 통해 단순한 복원을 넘어, 대동소이하기만한 현대 판소리의 음악관을 더 폭넓게 하고 장차 새로운 현재적 전통을 창조하고 수립하는데 확고한 내적 근거와 자산으로 삼아야 할 것이기에 중고제 판소리의 부활은 매우 긴요하다. Junggoje as one of three pansori schools, along with Dongpyeonje and Seopyeonje has been much developed in the Qeum River Basin with Kim seong-ok in Ganggyeong-eup, Nonsan-si, Chungcheongnam-do and in the aepo cultural area with Go su-gwan, Bang man-chun, and Bang jin-gwan, Haemi-eup, Seosan-si, Chungcheongnam-do. It seems that it has been loved by the upper class of yangban, aristocrat and developed into calm and graceful aria style. Bang man-chun, one of 8 great singers in the Joseon Dynasty who had collected hymns ? and completed Simcheongga with great efforts, performing a feat in the history of pansori. His grandson Bang jin-gwan, an identical person to Bang eung-gyo took over the family business and protected the tradition of Junggoje to the end even under the popularity of new pansori. Its legitimacy has been verified via albums and broadcasting. Through the tone analysis on Bang jin-gwan's pansori, 'A Soldier's Lamentation' from an album, we can identify the characteristics such as an expression like Pyungjo of Gyemeonjo different from the present folk music, Dongpyeonje, and Seopyeonje, differences of composing notes, monotonous and repetitive Buchimsea (attachment for effectiveness in drumming method) and melodies, and a singing method with an aria style. These kinds of facts have made us justify that Bang jin-gwan's pansori has lots of similarities to other master singers' songs of Junggoje and that it shows properties of old pansori earlier than Seopyeonje. Heo heung-sik's collection of a sori book Simcheongga has been handed down in the region of Seosan, the hometown of aepoje and checked as it is identical to the story part of the pansori left in Bang jin-gwan's SP album. Based on this information, it is worthwhile to research in detail if the sori book as Bang man-chun's story of Simcheongga recorded in the history of changgeuk of the Joseon Dynasty is the manuscript succeeded in his family by Bang jin-gwan or not. Bang jin-gwan's Junggoje pansori which has adhered to the old tone? of pansori has become a precious sori, without handed down more. His sori is a very valuable material showing the diversity of aesthetics of pansori under the present situation when it has become Gyemyeonjo as the tone of sadness as a result of the popularity, and when the depth and diversity of sori are disappearing regardless of schools or Bodi. Now, it is time to research on the diverse Junggoje master singers including Bang jin-gwan, Lee dong-baek, Kim chang-ryong, Sim sang-geon, and Jo hak-jin and also systematize performers' activities for the enthusiastic restoration. By doing that, we will be able to widen the viewpoint of the pansori music which is not at present, leading to consider it as the solid internal basis and property in creating and establishing the new present tradition. Therefore, it is very essential to resurrect Junggoje pansori.

커뮤니티공간으로서의 어린이공원 조성에 관한 연구

김연금,김성주,박환지,유다희,최성용,홍승모,Kim, Yun-Geum,Kim, Seong-Joo,Park, Hwan-Ji,Yu, Da-Hee,Choi, Sung-Young,Hong, Seung-Mo 한국조경학회 2008 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.35 No.6

This study deals with the participatory design process of renovating a children's park. The process should proceed with two major elements. Firstly, the children's park should be designed from the perspective of children. Secondly, it should be designed in consideration of the context of the community. This study is divided into two parts. First is the review of theory concerning the meaning and roles of the children's park as a community space, the importance of children's participation in the design and the participatory method of the children. The second is the case study. The site for the case study is Ssial Park in Nowon-Gu, Seoul. The entire process of the case study is with community participation, from identifying the park's problems to the actual construction. At every step, through the participatory programs, the community participates in the decision making. In addition, mutual understanding among participants is pursued through diverse means of communication. The following results of the case study were found. Firstly, diverse participatory programs and the active trial to enable the community to communicate contribute to the sense of ownership and responsibility concerning the park Secondly, the community can negotiate the differences in opinions without needing the help of experts. Of course, there are limits in the case study, such as the fact that the community organization, which is the core of communication and maintenance concerning the park, is not organized through the process of a case study. Another is that more diverse methods, which inform all community members of the participatory process, should have been used.

Repetitive Compensation Control for AGC System By Using Pre-Pass Rolling Data

Hwan?Seong KIM,Jin?Seon PARK,Sang?Dol LEE,Keum?Jae LEE,Sung?Kwan PARK 제어로봇시스템학회 2001 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2001 No.10

졸-겔법으로 합성된 폴리이미드/실리카 복합체의 환경적 물성에 관한 연구

박성수,홍성수,이성환,김성완,박재현,김지경,박희찬 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Two types of polyimide/silica composite films were prepared using sol-gel method through hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethoxsilane(TEOS) with the polyamic acid(PAA) and end-capped PAA solution. Sample were characterized by the means of differential thermogravimetry, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, universal test, impedance analyzer, chemical resistance test, etc. All of the PAA/silanol solutions heat-treated at 300℃ for 6h were transformed to polyimide/silica composites. It has been demonstrated that the properties of polyimide/silica composites were affected by the amount of silica addition and the bond type existed between polyimide and silica.

혈행차단에 따른 두개골외판 이식의 생존 차이

박관규,박성근,한기환,강진성 大韓成形外科學會 1993 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.20 No.1

Difficulties arise in prediction of maintenance of the graft volume and viability of graft over time when a bone graft used for facial reconstruction. A bone-to-bone contact between the graft and the recipient bone is imporant for creeping substitution and survial of the recipient bone is important for creeping substitution and of the grafted bone. An adequate blood supply is also essential to ensure the survival of any live cells of the surface of the graft. Our study was designed to determine which one is an important factor viability of the grafted bone in Korean adult dogs : a bone-to-bone contact or overlying soft tissue. Blocks of outer table of the parietal bone were placed at the maxillae subperiostially in 4 different ways : bone-to-bone contact groups(groups Ⅰand Ⅱ)with placing a silicone membrane over the grafted bone and soft tissue contact groups(groups Ⅲand Ⅳ)with placing a silicone sheet between the grafted bone and the recipient. In groups Ⅰand Ⅲ, the cancellous surfaces of the parietal bone was placed on the recipient and the cortical surfaces were placed on the recipient in groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ. Caliper techniques were used to study the rates of volume maintenance of the grafts at 6, 12, and 20 weeks after bone grafting. The volumes of the living bone were quantified microscopically using a modified point-countiong technique. The volume is reduced in a similar rate with time in all groups. At 6 week, living bone cells increased in soft tissue contact groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ however, and increased in bone to bone contact groups Ⅰand Ⅱ at 12 and 20 weeks. there were osteoblastic proliferation and laminated mature bones in group Ⅰand Ⅱ. But osteoclasts and their associated osteolytic changes were still seen near the silicone membrane in group Ⅲ and Ⅳ, which may imply a continuing resorptive process with time. In summary, revascularization from the overlying soft tissue is important for the graft survival in early stage of the bone grafting while bone-to-bone contact may be essential in a later stage.

부산의 해안지역 초고층 건물이 도시 풍환경에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

박수진, 윤성환 신라대학교 부산학연구센터 2010 부산연구 Vol.8 No.1

본 연구는 우리나라의 대표적인 해안도시인 부산에 최근 등장한 해안지역의 초고층 건물들에 의한 도시의 풍환경의 영향을 검토하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 해운대구 마린시티 일대를 대상으로 CFD 시뮬레이션을 실시하였으며, 현재의 고층 저밀도로 가정한 모델을 비교 분석하였다. 계산 결과는 수평분포와 수직분포로 구분하여 그 영향을 검토했으며, 해안지역 초고층 건물에 의한 풍환경의 영향은 다음과 같다. 1) 풍환경은 건폐율보다 건물의 높이에 의한 영향이 더 크다. 기류의 수평분포와 수직분포 모두에서 고층건물에 의해 기류가 정체하는 영역이 넓어짐을 볼 수 있다. 2) 건물이 높을수록 도시 캐노피가 형성되는 지점이 높아진다. 저층건물 단지의 경우 건물높이의 약 1.5배 지점에서 도시 캐노피가 형성되었으나, 고층건물 단지의 경우 건물높이의 약 2.5배 지점에서 캐노피가 형성되었다. 도시 캐노피의 높이가 낮을수록 해풍도입을 통한 대류현열확산 효과가 높아지며, 이를 통한 도시 고온화 및 열섬현상 발생 억제에도 유리하다. 이러한 결과를 통해 해안에 인접한 지역에 초고층 단지를 계획할 때에는 이로 인한 도시 풍환경의 변화를 반드시 사전에 고려한 필요가 있음을 제고한다.

개에서 피지선 과형성의 진단 및 치료 증례

박희서,손화영,정성목,송근호,조종기,이영원,신상태,김명철,김덕환,박성준 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2004 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.12 No.-

An eleven year old castrated male Maltese was presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University. In physical examination, approximately 0.5 cm round mass was observed on tail base. This small elevated mass has also shown alopecic and firm configuration. It was differentially diagnosed as sebaceous adenoma and hyperplasia by fine needle aspiration. After surgical removal, the sample was diagnosed as sebaceous hyperplasia by histopathological examination. It has not yet shown any signs of recurrence and prognosis has teen good.

이익형태별 주가반응의 차이

박성환 大田産業大學校 1996 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.13 No.1

This paper provides evidences whether there are the differences of price income on various income change patterns (unexpected earnings patterns) classified by using consolidated earnings and individual earnings data for the extended research period (1993~1994). The results are as follow: 1) The price behaviors for testing period support the results of prier researches showing the usefulness of audited consolidated earnings. 2) There are significant differences among income change Patterns. These results show that according to change patterns, even though the unexpected consolidated earnigs are same, they can have a different effect on investors' belief.

접합면의 차이에 따른 두개골 외판의 생존

박성근,송중원,한기환,강진성,박관규 大韓成形外科學會 1991 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.18 No.3

Onlay graft of the calvarial bone has been popularized in craniofacial surgery because absorption of the calvarial bone is less than that of the endochondral bone. But the problems with using the calvarial bone are its rigidity and difficulty in setting a precise apposition. When the outer tables of the calvarial bone are used for augmentation and reconstruction of the convex zygoma, forehead, or chin, it is better to place the cancellous surface over the convex recipient bone to get a precise apposition. Whereas, it is better to place the cortical surface over the concave nose or orbital cavity to achieve a good apposition. Therfore, our study was designed to determine the differences of bone absorption and regeneration between cancellous and cortial bone contact to facial bone, and between preserved periosteum and detached periosteum in autograft of calvarial bone in dog models. Outer tables of the calvarial bone were placed in subperiosteal pockets of the upper and lower maxilla in four different ways : Group I ; The cancellous surface was placed in contact with the bare recipient bone, and the cortical surface attached with periosteum was accordingly contacted with the elevated periosteum of the recipient bone. Group Ⅱ ; The corical surface attached with periosteum was placed in contact with the bare recipient bone and the cancellous surface was contacted with the elevated periosteum of the recipient bone, Group Ⅲ ; The arrangenent was similar to Group Ⅰ except that the periosteum of the graft was deprived. Group Ⅳ ; The arrangement was similar to Group Ⅱ except that the periosteum of the graft was deprived. Volume measurements using a caliper technique and histological study were made 20 weeks postoperatively. The volume of maintenance is as follows ; Group Ⅰ, 84.2% ; Group Ⅱ, 77.6% ; Group Ⅲ, 77.0%, and Group Ⅳ, 69.5%. The histolgical contribution of living bone was assessed by a modified point counting technique : Group Ⅰ, 86.6%, Group Ⅱ, 83.8% ; Group Ⅲ, 79.6% and Group Ⅳ, 77.6%. Greater volume maintenance and histological contribution of living bone were found when cancelllous surface rather that the cortical were placed in contact with the recipient bone and the grafts from their periosteum were preserved. We concluded that in order to expect better survival of a grafted bone, the cancellous surface of the graft should contact with the recipient bone and that the periosteum of the graft should be preserved.

골든 리트리버 종의 전지 원위부에서 발생한 지방종의 수술적 치료 1례

박정희,신영지,김영실,조성환,정성목 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 動物醫科學硏究所 2005 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.13 No.-

A 3-year-old intact female Golden retriever dog with a history of increasing mass on the cranial surface of the left distal forelimb was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University. On the physical examination, the patient had normal gait and no pain associated with the mass. The mass was a little fluctuant and multilobulated on palpation. On fine needle aspiration cytology examination, it was revealed clear lipid droplets, few peripheral blood cells and large number of well-differentiated adipocytes. The mass was surgically removed beneath redial nerve and superficial cephalic vein. During surgical resection, there was no evidence of invasion into muscles or fascia. On the basis of histopathological examination, it was diagnosed as lipoma. There has no evidence of recurrence of lipoma for six months.