우리나라의 農作業 災害實態에 관한 考察

송경환,양재성 順天大學校 1997 論文集 人文社會科學篇 Vol.16 No.-

ABSTRACT The main focus this study is the countermeasure of after agricultural work disaster. In this study, The countermeasure of after agricultural work disaster is to present the extension of industrial disaster insurance Many factory works accept the benefit of social insurance, industrial insurance, medical care insurace, national pension, employment insurance etc. But Agricultural business works accept only medical care insurance and national pension, in spite of lower income then their. Actually, Agricultural work disaster is to happen work course considerably. In order to solve such problem, the govenment must extend social insurance to agricultural work disaster.

VP-16으로 성공적으로 치료된 위 Kaposi 육종 1예

양웅석,송근암,조몽,이재승,송철수,김형욱,김영민,이수봉,김태오,이성훈 대한소화기내시경학회 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.4

The skin is an uncommon site of distant metastasis from any internal malignancy, and the incidence of metastatic skin lesions as the first symptom of disease is only 0.8% in patients with all systemic malignancies. Furthermore, cutaneous metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the stomach has been found to be extremely rare. A 35-year-old female patient was admitted due to multiple cutaneous nodules in her chest, abdomen, and back. A gastroendoscopic examination and biopsy was made according to the results of skin pathologic findings. Stomach and skin biopsy results revealed a signet ring cell type of adenocarcinoma. A case of gastric adenocarcinoma in which metastatic skin nodules appeared as the first sign of disease, is here in reported with a review of related literature.

해남지역 하천에서의 비점오염원에 관한 연구

송재준,천지훈,서지양 木浦大學校 沿岸環境硏究所 1999 沿岸環境硏究 Vol.16 No.1

It is so difficult to know about the course of non-point source that only few people studying. This is the reason why we did not get good result in water-treatment frequently. Point and non-point source study must be balanced. This report have this intention. Summer is rain season in Korea so we have many problem in water quality. Bad quality originated from agricultural field, non-point source, that flow nutrients, agricultural chemicals, weed chemicals and etc. In this report provide the basic data of non-point source study on river of Haenam Area. Three point that we research is near Bok-pyoung, Kil-ho and Eo-seong bridge at 1999. 7. 5 ∼ 7. 12. Resulted: BOD, COD, SS, T-N, NH₃-N, NO₃-N, T-P, PO₄-P, Alkalinity decrease afterraining, dilution, much amount of water quantity made it. Agricultural section that major non-point source effluent high waste concentration at first stage, but dilution made lower at last. so it is needed that non-point source water storage for improve first stage wastewater at the lower part of a river. And continuous study about non-point source outbreak reason by waste effluent quantity data that made water quality and quantity research after division of the land useness near the river is needed, too.

국내 분리 폐렴 구균의 항균제 내성 현황 및 분자역학 조사를 통한 내성 전파의 규명

양지원,이남용,백경란,김성민,송재훈,배직현 대한감염학회 1996 감염 Vol.28 No.5

목 적 : 최근 폐렴구균의 항균제 내성은 전 세계적인 문제가 되고 있다. 국내에서도 폐렴구균의 페니실린 내성율이 70%를 넘어 세계 최고 수준의 내성을 나타내고 있다. 본 연구는 국내 분리 폐렴 구균의 페니실린 내성 및 다제 내성 현황을 확인하고, 국내의 내성율이 외국에 비하여 지나치게 높은 원인으로서 내성 전파의 가능성을 규명하고자 항균제 감수성 검사 및 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)와 penicillin-binding protein(PBP) profile을 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 국내 2개의 3차 병원에서 1989년부터 1995년까지 153명의 환자 검체에서 분리된 173균주의 폐렴 구균을 대상으로 하였다. 항균제 감수성 검사는 oxacillin disk로 페니실린 내성 여부를 검색한 후, 한천희석법을 이용하여 11개 항균제의 성장억제최소농도를 구하였다. 항균제 감수성 검사 결과 모든 β-lactam 제제에 동시 내성을 보인 다제 내성 균주 42 균주를 대상으로 PFGE 와 PBP profile 분석을 시행하였다. PFGE는 SmaI과 ApaI을 제한효소로 사용하였으며, CHEF DR-Ⅱ system을 이용하여 전기영동하였다. PBP profile은 ³H-benzylpeniclillin으로 균주를 label하여 분석하였다. 결 과 : 항균제 감수성 결과 전체의 67.8%가 중등도 이상의 내성을 보였으며 (중등도 8.2%, 내성 59.6%), 3가지 종류 이상의 항균제에 동시 내성을 보이는 다제 내성율은 25.4%였다. 페니실린에 내성을 보이는 균주는 대부분 다른 항균제 특히 cephalosporin 제제에 내성을 보였다. 시험 균주의 혈청균은 19와 23이 가장 많았다. PFGE의 결과 35개의 다제 내성 균주 및 29 균주 (83%)가 동일한 제한 절편 양상을 보였으며, 총 5가지의 PFGE pattern 을 나타내었다. PBP profile 분석에서도 PFGE상 동일한 양상을 보인 다제내성 균주들은 PBP profile이 동일하였다. 결 론 : 본 연구는 기존의 국내 보고와 마찬가지로 폐렴구균의 페니실린 내성율이 세계 최고 수준임을 확인하였고, 아울러 다제 내성율도 현저히 증가하여 있음을 확인하였다. PFGE를 통한 유전자 절편 분석과 PBP의 변화 양상 분석을 통하여 다제 내성 균주의 80% 이상이 유전적 상관성이 있음을 확인함으로써, 내성의 전파가 국내에서 일어나고 있으며, 이 현상이 비교적 단기간에 국내에서 폐렴구균의 내성율을 급증하게 한 원인의 일부일 것으로 생각하였다. 향후 내성전파의 기전 및 근원에 대한 후속 연구가 내성 문제에 대한 장기적인 대책 마련에 필수적일 것으로 사료된다. Background : During recent three decades, the resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin has been rapidly increasing in many parts of the world. To characterize the epidemiology of multidrug-resistant S. pneunoniae as well as to investigate the possible spread of multiresistant clones which could partly explain the unusually high resistance rate in Korea, we conducted the antimicrobial susceptibility tests of pneumococcal isolates and performed pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and penicillin-binding protein (PBP) profile analysis of multiresistant strains from Korea. Methods : A total of 174 pneumococcal isolates obtained from 153 patients who visited or were admitted to two tertiary care hospitals during the period from 1989 to 1995 were studied. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for 173 isolates were performed using agar dilution method to determine minimal inhibitory concentrations of 11 antimicrobial agents. A total of 42 isolates with multidrug-resistance were subjected to PFGE and PBP profile analysis to investigate the genetic relatedness between multiresistant strains, SmaI and ApaI were used to digest the genomic DNAs in PFGE. For PBP profile analysis, 5 mCi³H-benzylpenicillin were used to label PBPs of pneumococci. Results : Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for 173 isolates showed that 67.8% of isolates were not susceptible to penicillin, exhibiting either intermediate (8.2%) of resistance (59.6%). Multidrug-resistance to three or more classes of antibiotics was observed in 25.4% of the isolates. Almost all isolates with resistance to penicillin were resistant to cephalosporins. PFGE showed that 29 of 35 Korean isolates with multidrug-resistance had an identical PFGE pattern. These strains also shared a common PBP profiles with decreased affinity of PBPs 1a, 2x, and 2b. Conclusion : These data demonstrated the extremely high rates of penicillin- and multidrug-resistance in pneumococcal isolates in Korea. Molecular epidemiologic studies suggest the spread of a single epidemic clone of resistant pneumococci within Korea, which could partly explain the unusually high rate of resistance in Korea. Future investigation with regards to source and mode of transmission is warranted.

유한요소법에 의한 콘크리트의 파괴진행해석

송하원,변근주,양재성 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1994 논문집 Vol.26 No.2

Fracture machines does work for concrete, provided that one uses a proper, nonlinear form of fracture mechanics in which a finite nonlinear zone at fracture front is being considered. The fracture process zone is a region ahead of a traction-free crack, in which two major mechanisms, microcraking and bridging, play important rules. The development of model of fracture process zone is most important to describe fracture phenomena in concrete. The toughness due to bridging is dominant compared to the toughness induced by the microcracking, so that the bridging is the dominant mechanism governing the fracture process of concrete. In this paper the bridging zone, which is a part of extended macrocrack with stresses transmitted by aggregates in concrete, is modelled by a Dugdale-Barenblatt type model with linear tension-softening curve. Finite element techniques are shown for implementation of the model for the analyses of crack growth in concrete.

독시사이클린 나노입자가 함유된 치주용 키토산 스트럽의 제조 및 특성

송경숙,양재헌,김영일,정규호 한국약제학회 2001 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.31 No.4

Local drug delivery by using biocompatible polymers has been developed in the treatment of periodontitis for many years. In the field of dental therapy, doxycycline is usually a first choice because of its broad-spectrum antibiotic activity. The strip releases antibiotics for a week, and the polymer should be degradable after a week. In this study, we prepared and evaluated the chitosan strips and nanoparticle strips containing doxycycline hydrochloride, and studied their antiacterial activity, dissoultion, and degrability in vitro. The weight of cast strip containing a 5 mg of doxycycline hydrochloride and a 45 mg of chitosan polymer was 57.67±0.17 mg. The release rate of doxycycline hydrochloride from the strip was measured by HPLC. The drug released from chitosan strip and nanoparticle strip was shown to be 50 ㎍/ml, in first 24 hours. In antibacterial test showed growth inhibitory activity after 24 hrs anaerobic incubation. In vitro degradability showed demolished weight of 93.74±0.08% chitosan strip, 82.48±1.29% chitosan nanoparticle strip, 2.47±1.99% polycarprolactione strip (control). These results showed that, with this doxycycline hydrochloride strip, it is feasible to obtain a sustained release of the drug within the periodontal pocket for seven days which may be improve for local drug delivery system for treatment of periodontal disease.

절간 고구마를 이용한 RNA 생산에 관한 연구

송재철,이종임,양한철 울산대학교 1985 연구논문집 Vol.16 No.2

RNA생산을 위한 최적 당화조건을 이용하여 생산된절간 고구당화액을 탄소원으로 효모 RNA생산능력이 가장 양호한 Cryptococcus laurentii 균주를 분리하였다. 최적 배양조건을 검토한 결과 질소원으로 ammonium sulfate 0.6%, MnSO₄0.1% 그리고 ca-pantoth-enate 400㎍/l를 무기염류, 비타민류로 각각 첨가하였을 때 최대 RNA 생산능력을 나타내었다. 기본배지의 배양조건을 검토하여 얻은 최종배지에서의 효모 균체당 RNA 생산은 30.2% 증가하였다. During an extensive screening tests of yeast on their RNA formation it was found that Cryptococcus laurentii had especially high RNA content and high dry cell weight (D. C. W) in the case of using hydrolyzate of sliced and dried sweet potatoes as a carbon source. Under the above conditions, the RNA content and yield of dry cells were investigated changing the media composition. Ammonium sulfate 0.6% was appeared to be favorable as a nitrogen sources. The optional concentration of Mn?² was showed to be 0.1%. Ca-pantothenate, 400㎍/m1, showed relatively favorable effects as a growth factor. The maximum RNA content of dry cell weight was 16.8% when grown on the medium containing above supplements under the optimal conditions.

초음파 조사에 의한 트리암시놀론 아세토니드 겔의 피부투과

송경숙,김영일,양재헌 한국약제학회 2002 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.32 No.2

This study is to enhance drug penetration via skin and investigate anti-inflammation effect following adoption of ultrasound. For this goal gel containing triamcinolone was prepared and the skin penetration rate and the change effects of blood plasma ingredients and serum enzyme were investigated. Using Franz type diffusion cell and the skin of hairless mouse, the permeation enhancing effect of ultrasound was tested. After the injury by direct trauma, the blood test was performed by measuring WBC, lymphocyte, and neutrophyl, and by analyzing CPK and LDH. The ultrasound transducer whose technical specification is geometric area(GA) 1.4㎠, effective radiation area(ERA) 0.8㎠, and beam non-uniformity ratio(BNR) 6.0 max was used. The influence of frequency having an effect on skin permeation rate was higher in the case of using 1MHz and continuous treatment. The temperature of receptor phase was not influenced in skin permeation by phonophoresis. Skin permeation increase attended by intensity of ultrasound, the permeation of triamcinolone was accelerated at 2.5 w/㎠ than 1.0 w/㎠. Following muscle injury phonophoretic group the number of WBC, neutrophil and lympholyte were decreased significantly as compared with both control group and ultrasound group. The result of variation of serum CPK and LDH activity conformed to the phonophoretic effect as same pattern with the variation of WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte.

실증연구를 위한 주택용 태양열 온수기 모니터링 시스템 개발

양동조,김재열,한재호,송경석,김우진 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

The application of solar energy, in the field of alternative energy, was on the increase tendency. In the case of advanced nations, through continuous R&D, solar hot water heater with high efficiency has been used for the house and the industrial process on business, advanced nations were reached up the experimental stage of solar generation system. But, the actual circumstance of the domestic has been not accomplished the popularization of solar hot water heater and the settlement of it which is the fundamental stage of the solar energy usage. This trouble, the domestic was flooded with small enterprise for producing solar hot water heater, was caused by the popularization and the production without verification of performance. To supply the monitoring program for evaluating solar hot water heater, this research was purpose to improve the technical development of the enterprise for producing solar-heat hot-water-boiler and served as an aid for the enlargement and the popularization on solar energy.

Ionized Calcium 및 Chitosan의 혼합처방에 따른 항균효과에 관한 연구

송명수,김미정,김영일,최동성,양재헌 又石大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

The antibacterial effects of chitosan depend on its molecular weight. The inhibition rate of bacteria growth of designated high in Gram positive, which was high in S aurens, S. epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis, low in S. mutans, high in C. albicans in fungi, low in A. niger. The inhibition rate of bacteria growth of chitosan was comparatively high in Gram positive, low in S. mutans and it showed high numerical value in C. albicans of fungi. The rate recorded good result at molecular weight 200,000 relatively, there was no difference, according to the molecular weight. The inhibition rate of bacteria growth according to the concentration of the increased differently between 1,000~10,000㎍/㎖, it showed antibacterial activity close to the inhibition rate of growth of chitosan rather than ionized calcium. The minimum inhibitory concentration marked the highest in the mixture of cihtosan and ionized calcium for all kind of bacteria generally, there was a little difference between yeast and fungi.