Effect of Siryungtang, Steroid, Interferon-γand Cyclosporin-A on Mitogen Induced Interleukin-4 Activity in Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome

Cho, Byoung Soo 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Byoung-Soo cho. Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea. Effect of Siryungtang, Steroid, Interferon-γand Cyclosporin-A on Mitogen Interleukin4-Activity in Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 183-186, 1999. -We have reported that patients with childhood minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) express higher levels of IL-4 mRNA expression by mitogen activated T cells using Northern blot(Cho,et al, JASN 1:518,2:590). Siryungtang(SA-1) is an oriental medicine shich has long been used in chronic renal diseases. In order to evaluate the efficacy of SA-1 on IL-4 sctivity from the monouclear cells isolated from the MCNS patients(n=5) and controls(n=5). Cells were adjusted to 2×107cells/ml with 10% FCS-RPMI and added test drugs such as SA-1, steroid(hydrocortisone, HC), CsA, IL-4& combination of SA-1+HC,SA-1+CsA&SA-1+IFN-γand mitogens(PHA-P:20㎕/ml, Con-A:20㎕/ml & PMA:50ng/ml) were added. Cells were cultured at 37℃,5% CO2 incubator for 24,48 & 72hrs. Results were as follows. 표 Mean ³[H]thymidine incorporation(cpm) was higher in controls(44,920±7,482cpm)that in patients with MCNS(30,495±2.135). However ³[H]thymidine incorporation was reduced by adding SA-1,HC, CsA & IFN-γ,or which CsA was the most effective, by combination treatment with SA-1 to steroid and CsA, significant additive effects were noted in MCNS group. In conclusion SA-1 has a steroid and CsA sparing effect and could reduce side effects of steroid and Cas significantly if clinically applicated.

응급실 내원 환자 14,836례의 통계적 고찰

조수형,조남수,임경준 大韓應急醫學會 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Cases of 14,836 patients who visited the emergency room at the Chosun University Hospital from January 1 to December 31, 1994 were analyzed statistically according to sex, age, department, admission, discharge and used transportations. The results were as follows: 1) Considering sexual distribution, male patients were 52.3% and female patients were 47.7%. 2) According to age categories, 4th decade of life was most frequent. 3) According to the department distribution, internal medicine accounted for 22.7%, orthopedic surgery 15.4%, neurosurgery 12.4% and pediatrics 11.7%. 4) The rate of patients admitted via emergency room was 38.0% of total number of patients visited emergency room. The department distribution was as follows: internal medicine 24.1%, neurosurgery 13.7%, orthopedic surgery 12.1%, general surgery 10.5%. 5) 62.0% of patients visited emergency room were discharged. The department distribution was as follows: internal medicine 21.9%, orthopedic surgery 17.5%, pediatrics 13.3%. 6) The number of DOA patients was 212(14.3%) and it showed highest rate in December. 7) A car and taxi were the most frequently used transportation(70%) but the used rate of hospital, 119 and 129 ambulance tended to increase. 8) Emergency room was visited most frequently from 20 to 24 hours. 9) Consumed time from arrival to emergency care of the relevant department was within one hour(67%).

광주·전남 지역 병원간 응급 의료 전달 체계에 대한 연구 : 조선대학교 병원 응급의료센터를 중심으로

조남수,조수영 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.1

Background: To provide basic data to help construct regional EMSS. Methods: Using a questionnaire, the authors investigated prospectively the data of 766 patients transferred directly to Emergency Medical Center of Chosun University Hospital from other hospitals from April 1 to May 31, 2000. Results: 1) Transfer records; Transfer records of 407(53.1%) patients were faithful, 159(20.7%) patients were unfaithful. 47(6.2%) patients made a phone call to the emergency room or the Department of Emergency Medicine, 9(1.2%) patients to other departments, and 144(18.8%) patients were others. 2) The distribution of the region; A regional distribution of 766 patients transferred to Chosun University Hospital. The transfer took less than 1 hour in 134 patients, it took 1~2 hours in 150 patients, 2~3 hours in 222 patients and 3 hours or more in 260 patients. 3) The mode of transfer; Of the 766 patients, 8(1.1%) patients were transferred by foot, 78(10.2%) patients by a 119 rescue ambulance, 428(55.9%) patients by a hospital ambulance, 31(4.0%) patients by an emergency rescue party, 149(19.5%) patients used private cars, 67(8.8%) patients used public transportation and 5(0.6%) patients were transferred by others means. 4) The reason of transfer; 138(18%) transferred patients from primary hospital or secondary hospital wanted the transfer. 306(39.9%) patients were transferred due to inducement, 162(21.1%) patients due to the absence of specialized departmental doctors, 64(8.4%) patients due to emergency surgery, 46(6%) patients due to bed deficit and 50(6.5%) patients due to other reasons. 5) Diagnosis and treatment in ER; Among all transferred patients, 6 patients were in pericardiocentesis, 103 patients in CT(brain), 61 patients in MRI(brain), 65 patients CT(other part), 10 patients in MRI(other part), 15 patients in closed thoracostomy, 148 patients in central vein catheterization, 5 patients in 4-vessel angiogram and 152 patients in endotracheal intubation. 6) The result of treatment; 458(59.8%) patients were admitted, 148(19.3%) patients to ICU, 15(2%) patients were admitted to a delivery room, 14(1.8%) patients were transferred to an other hospital, 30(3.9%) patients were in a mortuary, 101(13.2%) patients were discharged and 221 patients were admitted for an emergency operation. Conclusion: For effective and well organized EMSS the following are required. Communication prior to the patients transfer. Reinforcement of ambulance equipment and training of emergency staff for long distance transfer of a serious case. A detailed record of early state and treatment of transferred patients. The standardizational the transfer records which contains first aid treatment including fluid treatments, address and early vital signs of patients. Investigation and study for newlydeveloped transfer records.

급성 심근 경색의 진단에 있어서 cTn-T 추적 검사의 유용성

조수형,조남수 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2009 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.S

Purpose: Cardiac troponin T (cTn-T) is considered a specific marker for the diagnosis of myocardiac infarction(MI) but recent studies have shown cTn-T elevation in a various condition. Our purpose was to define diagnostic importance of cTn-T in acute myocardiac infarction. Methods: cTn-T was measured from stored plasma samples in 482 subjects. Patients were grouped according to the diagnosis of MI. Group Ⅰ (n=380) had no the diagnosis of MI, Group Ⅱ (n=102) had the diagnosis of MI. All group were measured cTn-T at visiting emergency department (ED), and follow up was done after 3 hours. The gaps of cTn-T for 3 hours were compared between the two group. Results: During the study period, 482 patients had elevated cardiac troponin-T levels. 102 patients(21%) had a diagnosis of AMI, but 380 patients (79%) had non-thrombotic troponin elevation. The follow up gap of acute MI group was significant elevation (mean value: 0.392), whereas other group was no significant elevation(mean value: 0.055) in our study (p<0.001). The known risk factor of MI had significant importance in our study (p<0.05). The positive predictive value for the diagnosis of AMI was 37% (95% CI, 29-45). The PPV of follow gap of cardiac troponin-T level higher than 0.4 ng/ml in the normal creatinine level was 97% but was as low as 25% for level of below 0.05 ng/ml for elderly patients with elevated creatinine level. Conclusion: The diagnosis of AMI should be based on the clinical presentation, but elevated troponin-T is a common finding and correlated with wrong diagnosis. The diagnostic importance of cardiac troponin-T was established when the follow up gap had a significant elevation and normal renal function.

서남해안 지방에서 발생한 Vibrio vulnificus 감염의 임상적 고찰

조남수,김춘호,김성중,김용배,조수형,안태훈 大韓應急醫學會 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Background: V. vulnificus infection in found between May and October when the man who has hepatic disorder or immunity disorder eats raw shellfish and it causes the systemic symptoms such as sudden fever, chilling, shock and stupor and local skin lesions like bleb and necrosis. This disease has 46∼61% of fatality rate in spite of intensive treatment. This study conducts the examination of history, epidemic study, ingesting raw fish and bacteriologic investigation in the patients with similar clinical symptoms to the above and examines the diagnostic dorrelations. Method: It is conducted with 31 cases who admitted at emergency medical center of Chosun University Hospital from May of 1995 to September of 1998 and are suspected to have V.vulnificus infection. It analyze bacteriologic examination, the survey of residence, eating raw shellfish, hepatic disorder, alcohol drinking habits and skin lesion. Results: 1) The rate of male and female is 15.5:1 and in the age, 18 cases are in fifties, seven are in forties and six are over sixties. 2) Clinically, V.vulnificus is detected in 20 of 31 cases which is suspected to have V.vulnificus infection and it is not detected in 5 cases. Other bacteria are detected in 6 cases and they include staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas species, β-hemolytic streptococcus and E-coil. 3) In local distribution, Kohung has 10 cases, Shinan and Mokpo have six, Haenam and Kangjin have five, Yongkwang and Muan have five, Naju and Yongam have five and Kwangju has one. 4) Eating fishes and raw shellfishes is found in 31 cases. In the kind of shellfishes, eating raw clam is 10 cases, raw thin-shelled surf calm is 8 cases, raw oyster is 5 cases and sliced raw fish is 4 cases and pickled sea foods are 4 cases. 5) The cases with hepatic disorder are 23 and 15 cases with heavy alcohol drinking Carrier are included. The cases with Diabetic Mellitus are four and those with pulmonary tuberculosis are two. Two cases have not basal diseases. 6) On the opinion of skin lesion, 20 cases show vesicular necrosis, 7 cases have dendriform erythema, 3 cases have papule and one case doesn't show clear skin lesion. Conclusion: When V.vulnificus infection is detected, it is fatal and those who have hepatic disorder or heavy alcohol drinking habit must avoid eating fishes and shellfishes raw in summer. It is important to have emergency treatment for the patient whose V.vulnificus infection is suspected. It is considered that the administration of initial antibiotics is effective by generalizing the clinical symptom, epidemic opinion and patient history even before the results of bacteriologic confirmed.

인도네시아 지진해일에 대한 의료지원보고

조수형,김선표,최웅지,김성중,조남수,이준영,문성표 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.2

An unprecedented magnitude of disaster, Tsunami, washed away Southeast Asia, on December 26, 2004. and more than 200,000 peoples were killed by the disaster. Staffs of our hospital visited Indonesia for voluntary medical supports from January 12, to January 21, 2005. We summarize here our 10 days' experiences in Indonesia.

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

Effect of Ultrasonic Melt Treatment on Solidification Microstructure of Al–5Ti–1B Alloy Containing Numerous Inoculant Particles

Soo‑Bae Kim,Jae‑Gil Jung,Young‑Hee Cho,Su‑Hyeon Kim,Kwangjun Euh,Jung‑Moo Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.7

The effect of ultrasonic melt treatment (UST) on the solidification microstructure of an Al–5Ti–1B alloy containing highvolumefractions of Al3Tiand TiB2particles is investigated for various UST times with different melt holding times. Theas-cast Al–5Ti–1B alloy is composed of TiB2and polygonal Al3Tiparticles (present prior to UST), plate-like Al3Tiparticles,and Al grains (formed during UST and/or solidification). The UST causes a size reduction and homogeneous distributionof the TiB2-agglomerated region containing many submicron-sized TiB2particles pushed to the grain boundaries. The USTslightly decreases the size and improves the distribution of polygonal Al3Tiparticles enriched in the TiB2-agglomeratedregion. Unlike the TiB2and polygonal Al3Tiparticles, which exhibit a minor refining effect, the plate-like Al3Tiparticlesshow a significant refinement with UST application. The UST has a significant effect on the size distribution of Al grains byinducing the formation of medium-sized grains at the expense of small and large grains; however, it only has a slight effecton grain refinement. The degree of microstructure modification increases with increasing UST time but decreases with meltholding time after UST. The mechanisms for the refinement and dispersion of the TiB2and Al3Tiparticles and Al grains arediscussed considering fragmentation, nucleation, and growth behaviors induced by the UST and subsequent solidification.

In vitro Mammalian Chromosomal Aberration Test of Fullerene-C60

Soo Jin Kim(김수진),Kyung Taek Rim(임경택),Hae Won Cho(조해원),Jeong Hee Han(한정희),Hyeon Yeong Kim(김현영),Jeong Sun Yang(양정선) 환경독성보건학회 2009 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Fullerene의 유전독성을 평가하기 위하여 Chinese hamster유래의 난소유아세포(CHO-K1 cell)를 이용하여 직접법(-S9)과 대사활성화법(+S9 mix)의 염색체이상시험을 실시하였다. 시험물질은 1% CMC 나트륨염의 현탁액(l% CMC 용액)에 희석하여 조제하였다. 대사활성화를 시키지 않은 직접법의 염색체이상시험에서 24시간 투여군은 8단계의 농도(0.078, 0.156, 0.313, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10mM)로 투여하여 실시하였다. 투여 농도 증가에 따른 염색체이상의 빈도가 증가하는 양상이 나타나지 않았다. 48시간의 투여군에서는 8단계의 농도(0.078, 0.156, 0.313, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10mM)로 투여하여 실시하였는데 투여 농도 증가에 따른 염색체이상의 빈도가 증가하는 양상이 나타나지 않았다. 배수체의 염색체이상은 직접법에서 관찰되지 않았다. 대사활성화법을 이용하여 6시간 시험물질을 투여한 시험에 있어서는 8단계의 용량단계 (0.078, 0.156, 0.313, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10mM)를 설정하였는데 투여 농도가 증가함에 따른 염색체이상빈도의 증가양상이 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때 본 시험물질은 본 시험 조건하에서 CHO-K1세포에서 대사활성화를 시켰을 때 염색체 이상을 유발하지 않는 것으로 판단된다.

응급실에서 기관내 삽관후 발생한 후두육아종 1례

조남수,김용배,조수형,송민엽,송성용 大韓應急醫學會 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Endotracheal intubation has been used widely for the maintenance of airway in the emergency patient and CPR in the acute airway obstruction patient and to treat respiratory insufficiency. Endotracheal intubation has many advantages but it may cause several complications which rate about 4% of endotracheal intubation patient. Among these complications, laryngeal granuloma is a relatively rare complication arising about 1 case per 10,000∼20,000 cases. Authors report a case of laryngeal granuloma which developed after endotracheal intubation required during emergency treatment. Case: A 55-year old female patient visited Chosun University Hospital Emergency Room complaining of dyspnea, cyanosis and sweating on Feb. 8th 1995. According to past history, she had a little obesity, dyspnea on exercise and mild hypertension. At arrival, blood pressure was 240/110mmHg, pulse rate 150 rates/min, respiratory rate 12/min, body temperature 36.5℃ and cyanosis with sweating on whole body was observed. And the mental state was semicoma. At 5 minutes after arrival, sudden respiratory arrest developed and immediate endotracheal intubation which emergency treatment was performed it was difficult to intubate endotracheally due to short neck and obesity. At 1 hour after arrival, general condition of the patient recovered well and extubation was done. The patient was transferred to internal medicine department and discharged after 12 days of medical treatment. At 2 months after discharge, the patient felt a progressive hoarseness and foreign body sensation of larynx. She was diagnosed as laryngeal granuloma at ENT department of Chosun University. She underwent the surgical operation and discharged in good health after 7 days of admission.