태권도수련이 초등학생의 지적, 정서적 및 사회적 생활태도에 미치는 영향 : focusing on the northern area of Kung-Ki province

김관현,김찬겸,문원배 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.8 No.1

The subject of this research is to offer the materials to help Tae-Kwan-Do education of children. School grade, level of Tae-Kwan-Do and year of practice were set as independent factors to investigate the effects of Tae-Kwan-Do practice to intellectual, emotional and social behavior of elementary student, and aspects of school life, emotional development, manner of living and physical development were set as dependent factors to find out how much effect does Tae-Kwan-Do had on children's social development. Questionnaires were structured with 5 point scale and sent to total 126 persons to verify the theory that school grade, level of Tae-Kwan-Do, practice year will result a difference in school life, emotional development, manner of living and physical development. The conclusion of the study form this investigation is ans followed: 1. Tae-Kwan-Do practice results the similar difference (p(.01) in emotional development according to the school grade 5-6 and grade 3-4 showed the similar difference from later analysis. 2. Each level of Tae-Kwan-Do in school life showed similar difference (p(.05) and later analysis showed that between level 3. and level 1 and lower results similar difference. Aspect of emotional development also showed similar difference that later analysis showed that between level 3. and 1 lower results similar difference. 3. The year of practice in school life showed similar difference (p(.01) and later analysis showed that between 3 year, and less than one year results similar difference. The year of practice in emotional development showed very similar difference (p(.001) and later analysis showed that between longer 3 years, 2 years and less than one year showed similar difference. Also in physical development showed very similar difference and more than 3 years and less than one year showed similar difference from later analysis.

피스톤 가공용 CNC 선반 HOT-1000 개발에 관한 연구

김경석,김종관,김상복,김성식,정현철,이도윤 한국공작기계학회 1996 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.5 No.2

The purpose of this study is the development of a lathe which can cut any pistons of oval shape with high speed, accuracy and precision by CNC (computer Numerical Control) method. Y axis which is the mechanism of position determination with high speed response has been aded to the CNC lathe and ovality and profile has been cut under the synchronous control of C-Y-Z axes. In the case of ovality of Φ0.5mm, the productivity can be improved up to 1500rpm by high speed cutting than modeling method.

2000년 제27회 시드니 올림픽 유도경기 대비: 세계 여자 우수선수들의 개인별 국제경기 기술 특성에 관한 연구

김의환,박순진,김관현,김도준,안병근,정훈,김미정 용인대학교 무도연구소 2000 武道硏究所誌 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze the competition techniques traits and of international contest levels each category individual scoring - losing techniques of world elite judokas who. were awarded in the international judo tournaments (I,J.T.) (part 1: ∼O.G'%, part 2 :from O.G'% to July ,2000), and who are expected to participate in the 27th Olympic Games(O.G.) Sydney 2000 to prepare the 27th O.G, which will be held from 16. to 22 September, 2000 at Exhibition Center, Darling Harbour, in Sydney, Australia. The records of the results and contents of competition were obtained out of 97 for women I.J,T., world elite judokas. To decide individual contest levels, groups were devided into 3(A,B,C)groups and points were graded by 3 ways. The I.J.T. that were devided into 3 groups are shown in the table 1.

상행 대동맥을 이환한 대동맥 벽내출혈과 대동맥 박리의 임상적 비교

김현숙,송재관,강덕현,김준,이철환,홍명기,김재중,박성욱,박승정 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4

조직학적 진단된 chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis 2예

김연숙,정숙인,기현균,김춘관,김신우,한정호,김성민,백경란,송재훈 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.1

CNPA는 기존의 폐질환 및 폐절제술로 인해 국소방어기전에 저하가 있거나 비특이적 전신면역상태저하를 갖고 있는 환자들에게서 주로 발생하는 만성적인 공동성 폐질환이다. 현재까지 우리나라에서는 CNPA의 보고가 없는 상태이고, 저자들은 최근 조직학적으로 진단된 CNPA 2예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 저자들이 경험한 CNPA 환자들은 만성알코올 중독 및 기관지확장증과 같은 기저질환과 폐절제술을 받은 병력이 있었다. Aspergillus가 폐실질을 침윤하고 있는 조직소견과 조직배양에서 Aspergillus가 검출되어 조직학적 진단이 가능하였고, amphotericin B의 정주요법 및 경구 itraconazole 투여와 폐절제술 등으로 성공적으로 치료되었다. 아직 많은 임상의들에게는 낯선 질환인 CNPA의 치료성적은 환자의 동반질환 및 CNPA 자체의 중증도, 진단과 치료 시작의 지연 등에 의해 크게 좌우되므로 만성적으로 진행하는 공동성 폐병변을 갖고 있는 환자에게서 CNPA를 감별하는 것이 중요하다. Chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis (CNPA) is a chronic cavitary form of pulmonary aspergillosis. Dozens of CNPA cases have been reported in patients with systemic immunologic dysfunction or altered local defense mechanism from preexisting pulmonary disease. Review of literatures revealed that no CNPA cases have been reported in Korea yet. We experienced two cases of CNPA proven by lung biopsy. A 53-year-old alcoholic male in poor nutritional state was admitted with generalized weakness and weight loss. Chest CT revealed a cavitary nodule surrounded with ground-glass attenuation. CT-guided fine needle aspiration and biopsy was done. The biopsy specimen demonstrated dichotomously branching septated hyphae consistent with those of Aspergillus sp. Another case was a 39-year-old man with bronchiectasis who was admitted with persistent hemoptysis. He had a past history of pulmonary tuberculosis. A parahilar lesion with intracavitary soft tissue mass was incidentally detected in high-resolution GT. Left lingular segmentectomy was done due to uncontrolled hemoptysis and CNPA was histologically diagnosed. Both patients were successfully treated with intravenous amphotericin B followed by oral itraconazole. Even though CNPA is unfamiliar to most clinicians, it should be included in differential diagnoses of chronic progressive cavitary pulmonary lesion, especially in patients with immunologic dysfunction.

Lidocaine, Thrombin, Epinephrine 의 항균효과

김진우,이동건,전혜선,김승준,김석찬,안중현,김치홍,권순석,김영균,김관형,문화식,신완식,송정섭,박성학 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6

목적 : 기관지내시경 검사에서 흔히 사용되는 국소마취제인 lidocaine과 내시경시 지혈목적으로 사용되는 thrombin과 epinephrine이 각종 균주에 미치는 항균효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 균주는 가톨릭대학교 성모병원에서 2004년 3월부터 2004년 9월까지 임상검체 에서 동정된 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 각각 42, 42, 42, 43주를 대상으로 하였다. Lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 감수성 검사는 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2002)의 기준에 따랐다. 결과 : Lidocaine은 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa에서 MIC_(50), MIC_(90) 모두 20,000 ㎍/mL 이었다. K. pneumoniae는 각각 10,000 ㎍/mL이었다. Thrombin은 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에서 MIC50 500 lU/mL 과 MIC_(90) 500 IU/mL 이상이었고, K. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)이 모두 500 lU/mL이상이었으나 S. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)은 125 IU/mL이었다. Epinephrine은 K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 >500 ㎍/mL이었고, S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 500 ㎍/mL이었다. 결론 : 기관지 내시경 검사에서 흔히 쓰이는 lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 등의 약제들이 호흡기 질환의 흔한 병원균인 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 균주들에 대해 항균 효과가 있을 수 있어 세균배양검사에 영향을 미칠 수 있겠다. Background : We performed this stody to find out about antimicrobial effect of lidocaine which is commonly used local anesthetic, and thrombin and epinephrine used for hemostasis during bronchoscopic procedures. Materials and Methods : The microorganisms that were cultured from specimens obtained during bronchoscopy were Staphylococcus aureus (n=42), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=42), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=42), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=43) collected from St. Mary's Hospital, from March to Sep 2004 were used for susceptibity testing. Susceptibility to lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine were tested according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Result : MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of lidocaine for S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa were all 20,000 ㎍/mL and that for K. pneumoniae were 10,000 ㎍/mL. MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of thrombin for both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was 500 IU/mL and above 500 IU/mL, respectively; that for K. pneumoniae were all above 500 IU/mL and for S. pneumoniae they were 125 IU/mL, MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of epinephrine for K. pneumoniae and S. pneumoniae were above 500 ㎍/mL; that for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 500 ㎍/mL. Conclusion : We observed possible antimicrobial effect of lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine in vitro against pathogens such as S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, which are common respiratory microorganisms. The use of these agants could affect the result of bacterial culture.

항암화학요법 중 호중구감소증이 발생한 저위험군 발열 환자들을 대상으로 한 경구 항균제 요법의 임상적 유용성 및 안정성에 대한 연구

김연숙,이혁,기현균,김춘관,김신우,김성민,백경란,김원석,윤성수,이홍기,강원기,박찬형,박근칠,송재훈 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.1

목적 : 항암화학요법 중 호중구감소증을 동반한 발열이 발생하는 암환자들을 치료하기 위한 다양한 항균제와 여러 가지 방법들이 시도되고 있는 가운데, 합병증과 사망률의 발생가능성이 적은 저위험군 환자들을 대상으로 초기 72시간동안 정주 항균제를 투여한 이후 경구 항균제로 전환하는 요법의 유용성과 안정성을 평가해보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1998년 2월부터 1999년 9월까지 본원에서 항암화학요법 중 호중구감소증과 발열이 발생한 환자들 가운데 기저 암질환이 고형암이거나 림프종이고, 입원당시 패혈증의 증후가 없으며 입원 72시간이내에 해열되고 백혈구수치가 증가 추세인 환자들을 대상으로 하여 72시간 동안 정주 항균제를 투여한 이후 경우 ciprofloxacin 750㎎을 하루 2회씩 투여하여 총 4일간 투여하였다. 모든 환자들은 열이 떨어지고 호중구감소증이 회복될 때까지 입원하도록 하였다. 결과 : 총 38명 환자의 40예가 등록이 되었고, 환자들의 기저암 질환은 고형함이 72.5%, 림프종이 27.5%였다. 입원당시 평균 호중구치수는 156/㎕였고, 호중구수치가 100/㎕미만인 경우는 65%였으며, 호중구감소증이 지속된 기간의 평균은 2.4일이었다. 40예 중 39예가 항균제의 변형이나 추가 없이 호중구감소증과 발열로부터 회복이 되어 97.5%의 성공율(95% 신뢰구간: 86.8-99.9%)을 보였다. 부작용으로 피부발진이 있었던 경우가 한 예 있었는데, 증상이 경하여 경구 항균제를 지속할 수 있었다. 심와부의 동통으로 복용을 지속할 수 없어서 대상에서 제외된 예가 또 한 예 있었다. 결론 : 항암요법 중 호중구감소증과 발열을 동반한 환자들 가운데 저위험군 환자들에서 항균제 72시간정주 이후 경구 항균제로의 전환요법은 효과적이고도 안전한 치료방법이라고 할 수 있다. Background : Oral antibiotic therapy following empirical intravenous antibiotics may be effective and safe for febrile neutropenic patients with lowrisk for complications. Methods : We conducted a prospective clinical trial of oral antibiotic therapy in the patients with neutropenia and fever during chemotherapy for cancer. Underlying malignancies were solid tumor or lymphoma with short duration of neurtropenia and the patients had no evidence of clinically or microbiologically documented infections. Oral ciprofloxacin was given to the patients who lacked signs of sepsis on admission, had a rising tendency of neutrophil count (ANC >100 /㎕ ) at 72 hours, and were afebrile at 72 hours. All patients were hospitalized until neutropenia and fever resolved. Results : A total of 40 episodes of 38 patients were enrolled from February 1998 to September 1999. The mean neutrophil counts on admission were 156/㎕ and the mean duration of neutropenia was 2.4 days. The episodes which had neutrophil count below 100 /㎕ were 26 (65%). Treatment was successful in 39 of 40 episodes (97.5% : 95 % confidence interval, 86.8% to 99.9%). Adverse reactions of oral ciprofloxacin were skin rash and epigastric soreness in two cases, respectively. There were no deaths during the study. Conclusions : For low-risk febrile patients with neutropenia during cancer chemotherapy, switch therapy to oral ciprofloxacin at 72 hours following intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics is effective and safe,

柔道 손 技術의 生體力學的 分析

金官鉉 龍仁大學校 1988 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analyze the TEWAZA (Hand Techniques : Taiotoshi, Seoinage) of Judo on the biomechanical aspect. The subject comprised of 2 Korean elite Judoists, who took part in the 15th World Championships, and their individual major scoring techniques (M.S.T.), were filmed on 16mm high speed camera(100 frame/sec.at front & side view) and simultaneously the mat reaction force was measured by force platform system. After that the individual M.S.T.were analyzed with respect to three phases : KUZUSHI (breaking the opponent's balance), TSUKURI(preparation before throwing the opponent), and KAKE (throw the opponent), from the Kinematic & Kinetic aspects, respectively.The results were as follows : Individual Characteristics of M.S.T.: 1.KINEMATIC Aspects, 1) The time elapsed for individual M.S.T., which was displayed as ; KIM's left TAI-OTOSHI (body drop) was 1.23sec., and LEE's right SEOI-NAGE (back carry throw) was 1.32sec.The difference of individuals was not significant (P>0.05). 2) -60kg : (KIM's left TAI-OTOSHI) ; ① The time elapsed from the beginning to the 1st phase of KAKE waso.73sec., to the 2nd phase of KAKE was 0.92sec.and the section time was 0.19sec.from the 1st to the 2nd phase of KAKE. ② The knee angle of supporting right leg showed 130˚ in the 1st phase of KAKE, and extended to 140˚ in the 2nd phase of KAKE. ③ The center of gravity (C.O.G.) angle of UKE (defender) and was 24˚, which was not efficient mechanically. ④ The knee angle attacking left leg was showed 150˚, and the foot - ankle angle was showed 110˚ in the 1st phase of KAKE, and greatly extended to 140˚ in the 2nd phase of KAKE. ⑤ Face in the phase of TSUKURI and KAKE was not directed toward the right but toward the left side, and downward of the mat, which was mechanically inefficient. 3) -71kg.(LEE's right SEOI- NAGE) ① The time elapsed from the beginning to the 1st phase of KAKE was 0.87 sec., to the 2nd phase of KAKE was 0.92sec., and the section time was 0.04sec.from the 1st KAKE to the 2nd KAKE. ② The Knee angle of attacking right leg and the foot-ankle angle in the 1st phase of KAKE showed 100˚, 87˚, respectively. ③ The C.O.G.angle of UKE and LEE in the 1st phase of KAKE, in the 2nd phase of KAKE showed 97˚, 105˚, respectively, which was mechanically efficient. ④ The C.O.G.of TORI (LEE) was put more backward than vertical line of attacking right-foot toe in the 1st phase of KAKE, which was mechanically inefficient. ⑤ The dorsal flexion instead of plantar flexion of the left- foot toe was bad position. ⑥ Face in the phase of TSUKURI and KAKE was not directed toward the left, but downward of the mat. ⑦ Hip was not directed toward the right in the phase of TSUKURI and KAKE, which was mechanically inefficient. ⑧ The distance between right and left knee, right and left- foot toe in the 1st phase of KAKE was 64cm, 70.3cm, respectively which which was too wide ; therefore, mechanically inefficient. 2.KINETIC Aspects, The mat reaction force (M.R.F.), maximum mat reaction force (M.M.R.F.) and exchange of force in the phase of TSUKURI and in the phase of KAKE. The forces of Kinetic factors appeared at 3 directions : vertical (Fz), horizontal- anterior posterior (Fx), and horizontal- lift right (Fy). 1) -60kg.(KIM's left TAI-OTOSHI) ① M.R.F.(Fz : ?) O The first peak of M.R.F.appeared in the end phase of TSUKURI, and M.R.F.was decreased in the 1st phase of KAKE, and then the strongest M.R.F.appeared when UKE was supported (standing) on the single left leg, which was the second peak. O Two separate M.R.F.appeared in the first and 2nd phase of KAKE, which was mechanically inefficient, so on single attacking pattern is strongly required. O In the cases of KIM's SEOINAGE (1986), KIM's TAIOTOSHI : The most peak(M.R.F.) appeared between the 1st and 2nd phase of KAKE.It was JAE's individual charaeteristics showing great force in the initial phase of KAKE. ② M.M.R.F. O Among 3 directions of M.R.F., the magnitude of forces in the Z direction (vertical : Fz) was always strongest (867N.), with standard value (divided by body weight) 1.32B.W. O KIM's vertical M.R.F.was 4.33 times and 4.02 times as strong as those of anterior - posterior direction and left- right directions respectively. O KIM showed that in left SEOINACE & TAIOTOSHI his attacking left foot pressed the mat with 1.3 times the amount of his body weight. ③ Vector profile of vertical direction ; magnitude change of force : O In the end of TSUKURI the force of attacking left-foot was concentrated on the right side movement direction, which was mechanically efficient. 2) -71kg.(LEE's right SEOI- NAGE) ① M.R.F.(Fz : ?) O The first peak of M.R.F.appeared in the middle phase of TSUKURI, next decreased, and increased in the end phase of TSUKURI, next continued to decrease in the air phase of UKE, suddenly most peak appeared in the end of air phase. O Attacking right- foot was not shown to continue and stong pressure force appeared unstability attack pattern. O Therefore, single attacking pattern is strongly required that supporting on the mat of the right foot-toe in the phase of TSUKURI and in the initial phase of KAKE. ② M.M.R.F. O Among 3 directions of M.R.F., the magnitude of forces in the Z direction (vertical : Fz) was always strongest (1239N.) , with standard value 1.69 B.W. O KIM's vertical M.R.F.was 6.39 times and 5.82 times as strong as those of anterior - posterior direction and left- right directions respectively. O Therefore, training is required for correcting the weak points and complementing better skill in the phase of TSUKURI and in the phase of KAKE. 3) Vector profile of Vertical direction : magnitude of force : O In the end of TSUKURI, attacking right - foot touched to backward. Vertical's force was not displayed strongly in the 2nd phase of KAKE, which was inefficient. Finally it was because of individual characteristics in the variation value of kinematic and kinetic.But on the whole, motion of KUZUSHI, the 1st phase of technique, was very insuffcient. In conclusion, presumably, Korean elite judoists (who took part in the 15th World Judo Championships, 1987) have their own specific patterns in revelation of individual major scoring techniques. Individual characteristics in displaying the technique and weakpoints were pointed out and the partial points needing complement and correction were shown in the chapter 5 "Field Applying Methods".

정신분열병 환자의 가족부담 척도 개발에 대한 예비연구

김철권,조진석,서지민,김용관,김호찬,김현수,김상수,제영묘 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.3

연구목적 : 정신분열병 환자의 가족이 느끼는 부담을 측정하기 위한 가족부담 척도를 개발하기 위함이다. 방 법 : 200명의 정신분열병 환자 가족과의 비구조적 면담과 외국 부담척도 고찰을 통하여 94문항을 수집하였고 그 다음에 전문가들과 가족들이 문항 및 영역을 분류하고 통합하여 최종적으로 36문항을 선정하였다. 그리고 정신분열병 환자의 가족 135명, 불안장애 환자의 가족 22명, 기분부전장애 및 신체화 장애 환자의 가족 26명, 치매 환자의 가족 49명을 대상으로 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하였다. 결 과 : 자료분석 결과 검사-재검사 신뢰도, 내적 일치도, 감별타당도 모두 높게 나타났으며, 요인분석을 통해 다섯 가지 구성요인이 추출되었다. 결 론 : 본 가족부담 척도는 정신분열병을 포함한 만성 정신질환을 앓고 있는 환자의 호전과 가족의 부담을 덜어주기 위한 다양한 프로그램의 효과를 검증하는데 유용하게 사용되어질 수 있을 것이다. Objectives : This preliminary study was carried out to develop the Family Burden Scale(FBS) of the schizophrenics. Methods : Ninety-four items were collected by interviewing in a free unstructured format with one relative of each 200 schizophrenic patients and reviewing foreign FBS's. Several professionals and relatives were asked to group and integrate them into several categories. Finally 36 burden items were chosen to constitute a FBS. The FBS was administered to the relatives of 135 schizophrenic, 22 anxiety disorder, 26 dysthymic disorder and somatization disorder, and 49 dementia patients for examining the reliability and validity. Results : The FBS showed high test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and discriminant validity. The results of the factor analysis revealed five-factor solution. Conclusion : The FBS can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of various programs intended not only to reduce decompensation among schizophrenics, but also to alleviate family burden.

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.