여대생 집단과 유행전문가 집단의 의복 동조성에 대한 연구 : 자아개념변인 중심으로

愼孝貞,林淑子 복식문화학회 1997 服飾文化硏究 Vol.5 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between self-concept and clothing conformity. The subject of this study were 154 purposively selected student at woman's university in Seoul city. For statistical analysis, mea standard deviation χ2 -test, Pearson's correlation, ANOVA. Duncan Multiple Range test were used. The result from experiment were as follow. 1. The group which has the higher level of self-concept showed significant the lower degree of conformity than the group which has the lower level of self-concept. 2. A student at a woman's university showed significant higher degree of conformity to the group of fashion expert than the group of peer.

중학교 남녀학생별 가정교과에 대한 인식 및 학습효과 : 경남지역을 중심으로

신동순,김상희,오화자,정효숙,정혜경 한국 가정과 교육 학회 1997 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The aims of this research study is to clear the differences of the learning effects and the cognition of Home Economics by sex in the middle school and to collect the future-oriented educational datas, after implementing the 6th education curriculum. The results of the study are as follows ; 1. Most of students had the cognition that Home Economics is a subject matter of a needful knowledge and skill for the family life, half students a cultural subject matter for the modern life. The former was supported by female students, the latter by male students. 2. Most of students were interested in actual training fields of cooking and hand-sewing, had a strong interest about a field of physical and social-psychological growth. The differences by sex were statistically significant in these fields. 3. Most of students had positive responses in the learning effects of Home Economics. The most useful field was cooking and the worst was the structure and method of sewing machine. 4. The shortage and the dissatisfaction in the learning of Home Economics were lacking of the actual training hours, the old-fashioned teaching methods and the shortage of teaching materials etc.

수술 전 통증자가조절기에 관한 교육이 수술 후 통증에 미치는 효과

서효신,박경숙 성인간호학회 2002 성인간호학회지 Vol.14 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a structured preoperative PCA education to that of the usual informal teaching provided by hospital staff in alleviating postoperative pain through more effective use of PCA therapy. Method: As an advanced research, the knowledge about the use of PCA therapy and the attitude about the use of the pain medicine were estimated, and then as a later research, the knowledge about the use of PCA therapy, the attitude about the use of the pain medicine, and the score of the pain were estimated. Result: The experimental group those who received structured preoperative PCA education had statistically significant higher knowledge regarding the use of PCA therapy, the attitude about the use of he pain medicine, and the score of the pain were estimated. Result: The experimental group those who received structured preoperative PCA education had statistically significant higher knowledge regarding the use of PCA therapy(p=0.026) and more positive attitudes toward using pain medicine(p=0.004). The experimental group those who received structured preoperative PCA education reported better pain control 4(p=0.002), 8(p=0.014) and 24 hours(p=0.018) after the operation. Conclusion: The structured preoperative PCA education increases the knowledge for the use of patient's PCA therapy and changes their attitude toward the use of the pain medicine positively and consequently enable the use of PCA therapy to be more effective and then finally reduced the patient's pain after the operation.

TGA 방법을 이용한 플라스틱과 하수·분뇨슬러지의 열분해 반응속도 연구

윤효숙,최성필,김성탁,원양수,신부영 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1997 環境硏究 Vol.16 No.2

요약문 도시 고형폐기물의 열분해 특성에 대한 기초 자료를 제시하고자 열중량분석기를 이용하여 가열속도를 실험변수로 하여 하수 및 분뇨슬러지와 5대 범용 플라스틱인 LDPE, HDPE, PP, PS 와 PVC의 열분해 반응속도인자 및 분해특성을 파악하였다. 활성화에너지는 가열속도에 상관없이 일정한 값을 나타내었으며 분해속도가 최고일때의 온도는 가열속도가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. LDPE, HDPE, PP와 PS는 1단계 분해반응으로 350∼520 ℃에서 대부분이 완전분해되었으며, PVC는 2단계 분해반응으로 250∼550 ℃에서 분해가 진행되었다. 슬러지는 여러 단계의 분해반응으로 특정한 분해구간이 없이 전구간에 걸쳐서 분해가 진행되었다. PVC를 제외한 플라스틱은 완전분해되었으며, PVC는 약 10%의 잔류량이 있었고, 슬러지의 잔류량은 D 하수, S 하수, T 분뇨 슬러지의 순으로 43, 70, 28.5%를 나타내었다.Abstract The thermal decomposition of sewage/night soil sludge and LDPE, HDPE, PP, PS and PVC was studied by using a conventional dynamic thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) in a flowing nitrogen environment at several heating rates between 5 ℃ and 40 ℃/min. The dynamic thermogravimetric analysis curve was analyzed to obtain the information on the kinetic parameters such as activation energy, reaction order, and Arrhenius preexponential factor. The activation energy keeps constant regardless of heating rates, and the temperature of he fastest decomposition increases with the heating rate. LDPE, HDPE, PP and PS were completely decomposed in the temperature range of 350∼520 ℃ including as the first step decomposition and PVC was decomposed in the temperature range of 250∼550 ℃ including the second step decomposition. Sludge was decomposed without specific temperature range as several decomposition step. Except of PVC, all plastics were decomposed completely. PVC keeps the remains of about 10%, and sludge keeps the remains of 43% for D sewage sludge, 70% for S sewage sludge, 28.5% for T night soil sludge.

한국전통생활문화에 관한 고찰

이숙,홍윤호,신윤숙,신효식,한경미,최정미,김은정 全南大學校家政科學硏究所 2002 生活科學硏究 Vol.12 No.-

This study is objected on preliminary research for more scientific and wider studies on the Traditional Living Culture of Korea. For this purpose, studies about clothing, food, home management, Traditional Living Culture were reviewed and analysed. The results were as follows : First, Clothing culture studies concentrated on ritual clothings, Second, Food Culture studies included history of traditional food development and recipes. Third, in the field of home management value system, attitudes and parent-child relations were studied,

국내 대학병원에서 정주용 Ciprofloxacin 사용의 적정성 평가

김신우,박효정,오원섭,김연숙,장현하,정숙인,정두련,이혁,염준섭,기현균,손준성,백경란,우건조,송재훈 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.6

목적 : 국내 병원에서의 정주 ciprofloxacin 사용의 적정성을 평가하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2003년 9월 25일부터 8개의 대학병원에서 정주 ciprofloxacin을 받았던 290명의 연속적으로 모집한 성인환자를 대상으로 약제사용 평가(DUE)를 전향적으로 수행하였다. 이 연구에 사용된 DUE 기준은 미국병원약사회의 기준을 국내 실정에 맡게 수정하여 사용하였으며 1) 사용의 정당성에 관한 항목, 2) 사용 시 준수되거나 시행되어야 할 사항에 대한 항목, 3) 부작용에 대한 항목, 4) 치료 효과에 대한 항목으로 나누어 조사하였다. 결과 : 환자의 평균 나이는 54세였다. 33예(26.9%)에서만 약제 사용의 적정성 측면에서 기준을 만족하였고 91예(73.1%)에서는 사용이 적절하지 않았다. 정주 cipro-floxacin의 부적절한 사용의 흔한 원인은 수술 전후의 예방약 사용, 비뇨기계 처치 전의 예방적 사용, 열성 질환에 대한 경험적 사용 등의 순이었다. 사용 시 준수사항 의 측면에서는 사용 전 배양검사(73.8%)와 사용 중 배양검사(68.6%)가 낮은 수행 정도를 보였으나 그 외는 비교적 높은 적정성(82.4-100%)을 보여주었다. 정주 ciprofloxacin사용의 합병증은 드물었다. 치료 효과의 면에서 치료반응은 93.3%였다. 결론 : 약제 사용의 정당성 기준에 따른 정주 cipro-floxacin의 부적절한 사용은 연구에 포함된 대학병원에서 매우 흔하였다(73.1%). 그러므로 적절한 항생제 사용에 대한 교육과 제도적 장치가 매우 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. Background : To evaluate the appropriateness of intravenous (IV) ciprofloxacin usage in university hospitals in Korea. Materials and Methods : We prospectively evaluated the appropriateness of drug usage in 290 consecutive adult patients who received IV ciprofloxacin in eight teaching hospitals during the period from September 25, 2003 to November 15, 2003. Drug use evaluation (DUE) in this study was based on the modified standard by the American Society of Hospital Pharmacy with regard to the justification of drug use, critical and process indications, complications, and outcome measures. Results : Average age of the patients was 54 years. The use of IV ciprofloxacin was appropriate only in 33 cases (26.9%). Common reasons for inappropriate use of IV ciprofloxacin include perioperative uses or prophylactic injection before urologic procedures, and empirical therapy for febrile episodes. Most of the "critical indications" and "process indications" showed high rate of appropriateness (82.4-100%). However, the rate of taking culture and sensitivity test before (73.8%) and during ciprofloxacin use (68.6%) were low. Complications with ciprofloxacin use were rare. In 93.3% of cases, ciprofloxacin treatment was clinically effective. Conclusion : Use of intravenous ciprofloxacin is frequently inappropriate in tertiary care hospitals in Korea. Implementation of education program and antibiotic control system is critical in improving the appropriateness of antimicrobial use.

초등학교 아동을 위한 리더십 프로그램 개발

김정효,정인숙,김신래,엄화정 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2007 교육과학연구 Vol.38 No.3

학교교육과정에서는 자율성의 확대에 밀려 타인배려와 공동체에 대한 책임의식 교육은 상대적으로 열세의 위치에 처해있다. 그러나 21세기 정보화 산업구조에서는 한개인에게 리더이자 동시에 멤버로서의 역할을 요구하고 있다. 특별히 학령기 아동에있어서는 또래 집단 형성이라는 사회성 발달 과업의 특성이 초등학교아동기에 ‘자신이가진 독특한 자질을 발휘하여 공동체의 유익을 위해 영향을 발휘할 수 있는 능력’ 으로서의 리더십 교육을 필요로 한다. 본 연구에서는 자신자질에 대한 이해를 기반으로 자신감을 가지도록 하는 심리적요소, 자신 뿐 아니라 공동체의 유익을 중요한 삶의 목적이 되어야 한다는 가치적 요소, 그리고 의사소통능력, 대인관계기술 등의 기술적 요소를 기반으로 하는 초등학교고학년 아동을 위한 5일간의 단기 리더십 프로그램을 개발하였다. 서울 시내 한 사립초등학교 5학년을 대상으로 형성평가를 위한 예비실행연구를 하였고, 아동의 자기평가와 교사와의 면담을 통해 개발된 리더십프로그램은 대체로 심리적, 가치적, 기술적요소에 효과를 가지고 온 것으로 보였다. 특히 리더십이란 특정 개인에게만 있는 것이아니라 모두에게 잠재되어 있다는 인식의 전환을 가져옴으로써 자신감과 리더십 개념획득에 두드러진 효과를 가지고 오는 것으로 보였다. This study is to develop a leadership program for elementary school children. Due to extension of freedom, education of responsibility such as taking care ofothers and consideration of community is inferior in the school education. However, in information-oriented society asks for an individual to become aleader and a member at the same time. In addition, specific character of creatingpeer group in children of school age makes it more necessary educate "ability todisplay individual's specific quality for benefit of community". In this study, based on including psychological factor to understand themselvesto bring their confidence, value factor that benefit for the community has to bethe reason for their life and technological factors such as communicating skillsand interpersonal relationship, 5day short-trial for senior students of elementaryschool was developed. A preliminary inspection was held to 5th graders in anelementary school in Seoul. In result, our leadership program gave positive effecton psychological factor, value factor and technological factors. Especially, thisprogram was effective to give confidence and rearranged the definition ofleadership by the idea that leadership is not for the certain individuals buteveryone has their potentials.

말초염증에 의한 등족뿌리신경절의 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 합성의 변화

김상열,김정기,김효신,이상지,하선옥,홍해숙,김동선 대한해부학회 1998 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.31 No.3

중학생이 지각한 부모의 학대와 자녀의 부적응

강경아,류점숙,신효식 한국 가정과 교육 학회 1998 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.10 No.2

This study investigated the relationship between parental abuse and maladjustment perceived by school student. The subjects were 448 middle school students in Kwangju. The main results of this were as follows ; 1. There were found significant differences according to background variables in parental abuse and maladjustment. Physicalabuse was found significantly different according to gender of the child and unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents, but emotional abuse was found significantly different according to job of the father and unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents. And, neglect was found significantly different according to educational level of the father and unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents. Social withdrawal was found significantly different according to gender of the child, family income and unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents, but hyperactivity was found significantly different according to gender of the child and unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents. Agression and reteat were found significantly different according to gender of the child and unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents. Obsesive-compulsion was found significantly different according to unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents. 2. There were significantly positive correlation between parental abuse and maladjustment. 3. The finding of multiple regression analysis demonstrated that neglect, physical abuse, family income, gender of child were found to be important variables in predicting social with drawal. Neglect, unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents, physical abuse, gender of child were found to be important variables in predicting hyperactivity. Neglect, emotional abuse, and unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents were found to be important variables in predicting aggression. Gender of the child, emotional abuse, and unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents were found to be important variables in predicting retreat. And, unreasonable rearing behavior of the parents, neglect, and physical abuse were found to be important variables in predicting obsessive-compulsion.

프리셉터 경험이 간호업무수행과 직무만족에 미치는 영향 연구

류언나,송혜숙,장은희,서효신,추연화,김인선,나명주,지성애,박경숙 중앙대학교 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate how preceptor experience has an effect upon preceptor nurses. This study was so designed that it could compare the difference between clinical performance and Job satisfaction of preceptor nurses and those of nonpreceptor nurses. Study subjects were sampled out from those nurses who worked with two university hospitals where preceptor programs were implemented. The number of subjects totaled to 134, including 69 preceptor nurses and 70 nonpreceptor nurses. The score of preceptor nurses' clinical performance and job satisfaction revealed a higher value than that of nonpreceptor nurses. A similar result was also shown in the subdomains. However these difference were not statistically significant. Among all of the preceptor nurses, the highest number of preceptor experience was just one time. Except for five times in preceptor experience, the more the number of times of preceptor experience, the higher score in clinical performance. It was manifested that the number of preceptor experience was not related to job satisfaction. The score of preceptor nurses' clinica1 performance and job satisfaction revealed a higher value than that of nonpreceptor nurses. A similar result was also shown in the subdomains. However these difference were not statistically significant. The reward that preceptor nurses wished most was a reduction of the work load assigned to them. Currently preceptor nurses are only receiving a small quantity of financial reward related with their preceptor role. Most of preceptor nurses (96.8%) were not satisfied with their existing reward. Almost half of the preceptor nurses(43.5%) did not want to play a role as preceptor again. The reason why the scores of clinical performance and job satisfaction were low might be attributed to the inadequate preceptor training program and reward system. Appropriate knowledge and clinical skill are expected to enhance the level of preceptor nurses' clinical performance and appropriate internal and external reward to elevate the level of preceptor nurses' Job satisfaction. Therefore, it is needed for us to develop more effective preceptor education program, financial reward, support of colleague nurses and nursing managers, and adjust workload for the purpose of more effective preceptor programs.